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polarization

          
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THPLT106 Measurement of Beam Polarization in VEPP-3 Storage Ring using Internal Target-based Moeller Polarimeter plasma, gun, antiproton, emittance 2727
 
  • A.V. Grigoriev, V. Kiselev, E.V. Kremyanskaya, E. Levichev, S.I. Mishnev, S.A. Nikitin, D.M. Nikolenko, I.A. Rachek, Y.V. Shestakov, D.K. Toporkov, V.N. Zhilich
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk
  A method for beam polarization measurement in a storage ring has been for the first time developed and applied based on measuring the asymmetry in scattering of polarized beam electrons on the internal polarized gas jet target. Using this method we have studied the polarization in VEPP-3 booster storage ring. VEPP-3 is the source of polarized beams for VEPP-4M electron-positron collider in the planned experiment on high-precision mass measurement of tau-lepton near the production threshold of the latter (1777 MeV). Radiative polarization of beams obtained in VEPP-3 is used for absolute calibration of particle energy by the resonant depolarization technique after injection into VEPP-4M ring. The polarimeter design is described. Results of polarization measurements performed in 60 MeV range of VEPP-3 energy contiguous from above to tau-lepton production threshold are presented and discussed. The depolarizing influence of the integer machine spin resonance (1763 MeV) as well as of the combination spin resonances with the betatron frequencies are found to be significant.  
 
THPLT107 VEPP-4M Optical Beam Profile Monitor with a One-turn Temporal Resolution plasma, gun, antiproton, emittance 2730
 
  • O.I. Meshkov, V.F. Gurko, A.D. Khilchenko, V. Kiselev, N.Y. Muchnoi, N.A. Selivanov, V.V. Smaluk, A.N. Zhuravlev, P.V. Zubarev
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk
  The transverse beam profile monitor based on Hamamatsu multi-anode photomultiplier with 16 anode strips is used at the VEPP-4M collider. The monitor is applied to study turn-to-turn dynamics of the transverse beam profile during 131 000 turns. The device provides a permanent measurement of synchrotron and betatron frequencies as well.  
 
THPLT108 The Study of the Beam TAILS with the Optical Coronagraph plasma, gun, antiproton, emittance 2733
 
  • O.I. Meshkov, M.G. Fedotov, E.V. Kremyanskaya, E. Levichev, N.Y. Muchnoi, Yu.A. Pakhotin, N.A. Selivanov, A.N. Zhuravlev
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk
  Optical white-light Lyot coronograph is applied at the VEPP-4M collider to study the "tails" of the transverse beam profile. The device is used for investigation of the beam-beam effects.  
 
THPLT109 The Upgraded Optical Diagnostic of the VEPP-4M Collider plasma, gun, antiproton, emittance 2736
 
  • O.I. Meshkov, M.G. Fedotov, V.F. Gurko, A.D. Khilchenko, N.Y. Muchnoi, Yu.A. Pakhotin, N.A. Selivanov, A.N. Zhuravlev, E.I. Zinin, P.V. Zubarev
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk
  The upgraded optical diagnostic of the VEPP-4M collider is described. The system abilities are improved sufficiently in comparing with the previous version. Now the diagnostic supplies the data about an electron/positron beam transversal and longitudinal size, shape and position. It is applied to study the electron beam "tails" and turn-to-turn beam profile dynamics. The system is used to tune of the beam pass-by from the VEPP-3 booster to the VEPP-4M collider and provides the permanent measurements of the synchrotron and betatron frequencies.  
 
THPLT110 Modelling of Accelerating Structures with Finite-difference Time-domain Method plasma, gun, antiproton, emittance 2739
 
  • E.V. Pickulin, V.N. Malyshev
    LETI, Saint-Petersburg
  • S.A. Silaev, Y.A. Svistunov
    NIIEFA, St. Petersburg
  A finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is very popular for electromagnetic field modeling. The practical interest in the method is the ability to calculate fields in time domain at any time point in the accelerating structure. That is to say the FDTD method is able to model transient process taking into account the peculiarity of RF power input device. A FDTD approach for modeling of alternate phase focusing structure is presented in this paper. The modeling of lossy metals is a problem in classical formulation of FDTD method. This matter is investigated and one of the solutions is presented in this paper. There are some problems of signal processing when using time-domain method for resonant structure modeling. The matters of mode determination are also investigated and presented in this paper. The simulation results are compared with experimental data.  
 
THPLT111 An Accelerator-based Thermal Neutron Source for BNCT Application plasma, gun, antiproton, emittance 2742
 
  • A. Makhankov, A. Gervash, R. Giniyatulin, I. Mazul, M. Rumyantsev
    NIIEFA, St. Petersburg
  • J. Esposito, L.B. Tecchio
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro, Padova
  • V. Khripunov
    RRC Kurchatov Institute, Moscow
  An accelerator-based thermal neutron source, aimed at the BNCT treatment of skin melanoma is in construction at the INFN-LNL in the framework of SPES project. The BNCT device exploit the intense proton beam provided by a 5 MeV, 30 mA RFQ that represent the first accelerating step of the SPES exotic nuclei production beam facility. Neutrons are generated by 9Be(p,n)9B nuclear reaction in a high power (150 kW) Beryllium target. The operational condition of the Beryllium converter is close to the condition of Be-armoured components in fusion reactors. The main difference consists in the necessity of limitation of structural materials amount used in the design in order to meet therapeutic irradiation requirements. Two possible design of neutron converter are developed: one with saddle block tiles brazed to CuCrZr tubes and another one with Be target made from solid Be block. Results of R&D works on the development of water cooled Be target for converter are presented, including data on selected materials, technological trials and mockups high heat flux testing.  
 
THPLT112 Methods and Instrumentation for Measurement of Low Ion Beam Currents at Cryring plasma, gun, antiproton, emittance 2745
 
  • A. Paal, A. Källberg, A. Simonsson
    MSL, Stockholm
  • J. Dietrich, I. Mohos
    FZJ/IKP, Jülich
  In many CRYRING experiments an accurate measurement of the circulating ion beam current is essential for determination of e.g. absolute cross sections. However, the current produced from the ion source can be very low. Furthermore, when surface barrier detectors are used, for example in the merged electron-ion beam experiments, the current has to be kept low to avoid saturation. With new electronics, using an Integrating Current Transformer with 5 V/A sensitivity, the current resolution of the Bergoz Beam Charge Monitor (BCM) has been increased to below 1 nA for bunched beams. The sum signal of the capacitive pick-up located at the farthest point from the RF-system is integrated by a second gated integrator. The RMS resolution is about 100 pA. To measure the intensity of coasting beams neutral particle detectors and a residual-gas beam profile monitor are used, calibrated with the BCM output during 20-100 ms after acceleration. The micro-channel plate detectors can handle a few Mcps count rate with a maximum 1 cps dark count rate. Presently a 50 Mcps secondary electron multiplier is being tested as a neutral particle monitor, having a maximum dark count rate of 0.05 cps  
 
THPLT113 Conceptual Design of a Microwave Confocal Resonator Pick-up plasma, gun, antiproton, emittance 2747
 
  • V.G. Ziemann, A. Ferrari, T. Lofnes
    TSL, Uppsala
  • F. Caspers, I. Syratchev
    CERN, Geneva
  A confocal resonator may be used as a pick-up for frequencies in the multi-GHz region. In this report we discuss the design by analytical and numerical methods of such a device. Furthermore we discuss engineering issues such as the damping of unwanted modes, shielding of image fields and manufacturing tolerances. Such a device can be used both as pick-up and kicker where the actual structure is several wavelengths away from the beam in the transverse direction. It is intended for highly relativistic beams and does not require changing particle trajectory as opposed to a diagnostic wiggler.  
 
THPLT114 A New Mono-energetic Neutron Beam Facility in the 20-180 MeV Range plasma, gun, antiproton, emittance 2750
 
  • V.G. Ziemann, L.-O. Andersson, T. Bergmark, O. Bystrom, A. Bäcklund, H. Calen, L. Einarsson, C. Ekström, J. Fransson, K.J. Gajewski, N. Haag, T. Hartman, E. Hellbeck, T. Johansen, O. Jonsson, B. Lundström, R.P. Peterson, L. Pettersson, A. Prokofiev, D. Reistad, P.-U. Renberg, R. Wedberg, D. Wessman, L. Westerberg, D. van Rooyen
    TSL, Uppsala
  • J. Blomgren, S. Pomp, U. Tippawan, M. Österlund
    INF, Uppsala
  Recent interest in nuclear applications involving neutrons, like ransmutation of nuclear waste, fast-neutron cancer therapy, dose to personnel in aviation and electronics failures due to cosmic-ray neutrons, motivate the development of a facility producing intense mono-energetic neutron beams. At The Svedberg laboratory (TSL), Uppsala, Sweden, we have developed such a facility by utilizing the existing cyclotron and inserting a flexible Lithium target in a rebuilt beam line. The new facility can operate at unsurpassed quasi-monoenergetic neutron intensities and provides large flexibility of the neutron beam properties, like diameter and shape.  
 
THPLT122 The Energy Deposition Profile of 0.1-3.0 MeV Electrons in NaCl plasma, gun, antiproton, emittance 2753
 
  • V.V. Gann
    NSC/KIPT, Kharkov
  • A.V. Sugonyako, D.I. Vainshtein, H.W. den Hartog
    RUG, Groningen
  An analysis is presented of existing experimental and theoretical data of energy loss profiles and energy deposition in thick targets irradiated with MeV-energy electrons. A simple approximate calculation is proposed for the energy deposition profile of a perpendicular beam of 0.1-3 MeV electrons in matter. The results obtained with this method are in agreement with existing calculated and measured energy absorption profiles for a variety of materials. It will be shown that the build-up phenomenon has a significant effect on the energy deposition profile in thick samples. A systematic experimental investigation of the energy deposition profile of 0.5 MeV electrons in 0.2 - 0.8 mm thick NaCl platelets has been carried out. The distribution of the absorbed dose was determined with differential scanning calorimetry method by measuring either the latent heat of melting of the radiation-induced Na-precipitates or the stored energy.  
 
THPLT123 Coupling Coefficients in the Inhomogeneous Cavity Chain plasma, gun, antiproton, emittance 2756
 
  • K. Kramarenko, M.I. Ayzatskiy
    NSC/KIPT, Kharkov
  In this paper a mathematical method on the base of a rigorous electrodynamic approach for description of inhomogeneous chain of cylindrical cavities is presented. The form of the obtained for chosen amplitudes set of equations is similar to the set of equations that describe the simple coupled circuit chain. As the cavity have the infinite number of resonant frequencies, to obtain the coupling coefficients one have to solve additional infinite set of linear equations with coefficients that depend on the frequency. Using the developed method in the case of inhomogeneous cavity chain we calculated the dependence of the coupling coefficients on frequency and geometrical sizes with taking into account the 'long-range' coupling.  
 
THPLT124 Simulation Technique for Study of Transient Self-consistent Beam Dynamics in RF Linacs plasma, gun, antiproton, emittance 2759
 
  • V.V. Mytrochenko, A. Opanasenko
    NSC/KIPT, Kharkov
  The report describes a simulation technique for study of unsteady self-consistent dynamics of charged particles in resonant linacs. The technique allows simulating the linacs that consist of resonant cavities and traveling wave sections. The proposed approach is based on unsteady theories of excitation of resonant cavities and waveguides by a beam of charged particles and RF feeders. The theory of waveguide excitation is generalized to the case of spatially inhomogeneous traveling wave structures. The system of self-consistent differential equations for fields and motion of particles is integrated over time and space. The SUPERFISH code is used to evaluate characteristics of the axially symmetrical cavities and traveling wave sections. The PARMELA code is applied to simulate motion of the particles at each time step of the integration. In such a way the fields and beam characteristics in the axially symmetrical accelerating structures can be obtained for transient and steady state operation. Description of the algorithm and results of its validation are presented.  
 
THPLT127 Beam Diagnostics Systems for the Diamond Synchrotron Light Source plasma, gun, antiproton, electron 2762
 
  • G. Rehm, A.F.D. Morgan, C. Thomas
    Diamond, Oxfordshire
  We present an overview of the diagnostics systems that will be implemented at the Diamond synchrotron light source. The aim of this paper is to give a complete picture of the systems to measure the quality of the electron beam from the injector through to the storage ring. We will show how we intend to measure the dimensions, the position and the time structure of the electron bunches. In addition, the instrumentation to measure the charge, the current and the emittance of the electron beam will be described. Finally, systems to provide accurate measurement of electron losses and the injection efficiency will be detailed.  
 
THPLT129 Ion Chambers for Monitoring the NuMI Beam at FNAL plasma, gun, antiproton, proton 2765
 
  • S.E. Kopp, D. Indurthy, R. Keisler, S. Mendoza, Z. Pavlovich, M. Proga, R.M. Zwaska
    The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
  • M. Diwan, B. Viren
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  • A.R. Erwin, H.P. Ping, C.V. Velisaris
    UW-Madison/PD, Madison
  • D. Harris, A. Marchionni, J. Morfin
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  • J. McDonald, D. Naples, D. Northacker
    University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
  We summarize selected instrumentation under construction for the NuMI neutrino beam facility at Fermilab. An array of foil secondary emission monitors (SEM's) will measure the 120GeV proton beam position, profile and halo at 10 stations along the transport to the NuMI target. The final two foil SEM's align the proton beam to within 50 microns on target. These are capable of withstanding the 400kW proton beam and causing <5·10-6 beam loss. Further instrumentation includes four stations of ionization chambers located downstream of the decay volume, one upstream and three downstream of the beam dump. The latter three monitor the tertiary muon beam, the first monitors the remnant hadron beam. The ion chamber arrays align the proton beam to 14microRadian and the neutrino beam to within 50 microRadian, as well as monitoring flux to better than 1%. The ion chambers are designed to withstand the ~1GRad doses and 109 particle/cm2/spill fluxes anticipated during NuMI beam operations. Beam tests and R&D efforts are discussed.  
 
THPLT130 Synchronization of the Fermilab Booster and Main Injector for Multiple Batch Injection plasma, gun, proton, electron 2768
 
  • R.M. Zwaska, S.E. Kopp
    The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
  • W. Pellico, R.C. Webber
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  To date, the 120 GeV Fermilab Main Injector accelerator has accelerated a single batch of protons from the 8 GeV rapid-cycling Booster synchrotron for production of antiprotons for Run II. In the future, the Main Injector must accelerate 6 or more Booster batches simultaneously; the first will be extracted to the antiproton source, while the remaining are extracted for the NuMI/MINOS neutrino experiment. Performing this multi-batch operation while avoiding unacceptable radioactivation of the beamlines requires a previously unnecessary synchronization between the accelerators. We describe a mechanism and present results of advancing or retarding the longitudinal progress of the Booster beam by active feedback radial manipulation of the beam during the acceleration period.  
 
THPLT133 Simulation of RF Control of a Superconducting Linac for Relativistic Particles plasma, gun, proton, electron 2771
 
  • M. Huening, P. Bauer, G.W. Foster
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  We present a code to simulate the rf field and field control in a superconducting linac for relativistic heavy particles. In such a linac the field stability is strongly influenced by the longitudinal beam dynamics. So the code has to simulate both the field and the beam dynamics with the resulting varying beam loading. Other effects included in the simulation are Microphonics and Lorentz force. The code can simulate both single cavity and vector sum control.  
 
THPLT135 Experience with the 1.7 GHz Schottky Pick-ups in the Tevatron plasma, gun, proton, electron 2774
 
  • A. Jansson, P. Lebrun, R. Pasquinelli
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  During a 2003 shutdown, new high-frequency Schottky pick-ups were installed in the Tevatron. These devices operate at 1.7 GHz (harmonic ~36000 of the revolution frequency) and can in principle be used to measure tunes, chromaticities, momentum spread and transverse emittances of individual bunches. Only the transverse signal is used, as the longitudinal is dominated by coherent signal. The default mode of operation during a store is to sequentially acquire and analyze frequency data from different sets of bunches in the machine. This function is performed by an open access client written in Java/C++, running in the background. The resulting fit parameters are datalogged and can also be plotted in "real time" during the store. With an alternative setup, data from select bunches can be acquired continuously during the entire ramp (and squeeze), for analysis off-line. This paper describes the evolution, current status and performance of the acquisition and analysis software, and presents measurements with comparison to predictions and other measurement techniques. One example of such a measurement is the variation of beam-beam tune shift as a function of intensity and bunch position within a train.  
 
THPLT137 Commissioning of the Head-tail Monitoring Application for the Tevatron plasma, gun, proton, electron 2777
 
  • V.H. Ranjbar, V. Lebedev, E. Lorman, A. Xiao
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  A head-tail beam monitoring application has recently been developed for use in the Tevatron. With this application beam dynamics problems including head-tail instabilities can be monitored. In addition it can be use to perform chromaticity measurements using the head-tail technique developed at CERN. This application speeds up chromaticity measurements in the Tevatron especially during the acceleration ramp and low beta squeeze, which previously required three separate ramps using uncoalesced protons  
 
THPLT140 Commissioning of BL 7.2, the New Diagnostic Beamline at the ALS plasma, gun, proton, booster 2780
 
  • F. Sannibale, D. Baum, A. Biocca, N. Kelez, T. Nishimura, T. Scarvie, E. Williams
    LBNL, Berkeley, California
  • K. Holldack
    BESSY GmbH, Berlin
  BL 7.2 is a new beamline at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) dedicated to electron beam diagnostics. The system, which is basically a hard x-ray pinhole camera, was installed on the storage ring in August 2003 and the commissioning with the ALS electron beam followed immediately after. In this paper, the commissioning results are presented together with the description of the relevant measurements performed for the beamline characterization.  
 
THPLT141 Operational Experience Integrating Slow and Fast Orbit Feedbacks at the ALS plasma, gun, feedback, proton 2783
 
  • C. Steier, E.E. Domning, T. Scarvie, E. Williams
    LBNL, Berkeley, California
  A fast global orbit feedback system has been implemented at the ALS and is being used during user operation since this year. The system has two main purposes. The first is to meet the demands of some users for even improved (submicron) short term orbit stability. The second is to enable the use of more sophisticated insertion device compensation schemes (e.g. tune, beta-beating, coupling) for fast moving insertion devices like elliptically polarizing undulators, without deteriorating the orbit stability. The experience of routine user operation with the fast orbit feedback will be presented, as well as the overall feedback performance and how the integration issues with the already existing slow orbit feedback were solved.  
 
THPLT142 A Laser-Based Longitudinal Density Monitor for the Large Hadron Collider plasma, gun, feedback, proton 2786
 
  • S. De Santis, J.F. Beche, J.M. Byrd, P. Datte, M. Placidi, V. Riot, R.W. Schoenlein, W.C. Turner, M.S. Zolotorev
    LBNL, Berkeley, California
  We report on the development of an instrument for the measurement of the longitudinal beam profile in the Large Hadron Collider. The technique used, which has been successfully demonstrated at the Advanced Light Source, mixes the synchrotron radiation with the light from a mode-locked solid state laser oscillator in a non-linear crystal. The up-converted radiation is then detected with a photomultiplier and processed to extract, store and display the required information. A 40 MHz laser, phase-locked to the ring radiofrequency system, with a 50 ps pulse length, would be suitable for measuring the dynamics of the core of each of the LHC 2808 bunches in a time span much shorter then the synchrotron period. The same instrument could also monitor the evolution of the bunch tails, the presence of untrapped particles and their diffusion into nominally empty RF buckets ("ghost bunches") as required by the CERN specifications. We also specify the required characteristics of the diagnostic light port in the LHC where our instrument would be installed.

* Presently at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

 
 
THPLT143 Development of an Abort Gap Monitor for the Large Hadron Collider plasma, gun, feedback, proton 2789
 
  • S. De Santis, J.F. Beche, J.M. Byrd, M. Placidi, W.C. Turner, M.S. Zolotorev
    LBNL, Berkeley, California
  The Large Hadron Collider, presently under construction at CERN, requires a monitor of the parasitic charge in the 3.3 ?s long gap in the machine fill structure, referred to as the abort gap, which corresponds to the raise time of the abort kickers. Any circulating particle present in the abort gap at the time of the kickers firing is lost inside the ring, rather than in the beam dump, and can potentially damage a number of the LHC components. CERN specifications indicate a linear density of 6x106 protons over a 100 ns interval as the maximum charge safely allowed in the abort gap at 7 TeV. We present a study of an abort gap monitor, based on a photomultiplier with a gated microchannel plate, which would allow for detecting such low charge densities by monitoring the synchrotron radiation emitted in the superconducting undulator dedicated to the measurement of the longitudinal beam properties. We show results of beam test experiments at the Advanced Light Source using an Hamamatsu 5916U MCP-PMT which indicate that such an instrument has the required sensitivity to meet LHC specifications.  
 
THPLT145 Automated High-power Conditioning of Medical Accelerators plasma, gun, feedback, proton 2792
 
  • S.M. Hanna, S. Storms
    Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Oncology Care Systems Group, Concord
  Medical accelerators require arc-free operation. Due to high-field emission, arcing and outgasing can occur in high-power accelerators. Therefore, the accelerator?s inner surfaces have to be conditioned before its use at high gradient levels in Radiation Therapy machine. At Siemens, we have developed a techniqu·101 to automatically condition an accelerator waveguide structure by continually inspecting the accelerator running conditions (arcing and vacuum) and stepping up the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and RF power until reaching maximum power rating. The program implemented also reads, displays, and archives the data it collects along the full process of conditioning.  
 
THPLT146 Beam Diagnostics of the Small Isochronous Ring plasma, gun, feedback, proton 2795
 
  • J.A. Rodriguez, F. Marti
    NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan
  • E. Pozdeyev
    Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia
  The purpose of this paper is to describe the beam diagnostic systems in the Small Isochronous Ring (SIR) developed and built at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL) at Michigan State University (MSU). SIR is a small-scale experiment that simulates the dynamics of intense beams in large accelerators. A 20 to 30 keV hydrogen or deuterium ion bunch is injected in the ring, extracted after a variable number of turns and its longitudinal profile is studied. Some of the diagnostic tools available in SIR include an emittance measurement system in the injection line, scanning wires in different sections of the ring, phosphor screens at the injection and extraction points and a fast Faraday cup in the extraction line. The design of these systems and the kind of beam information they provide are discussed in detail.  
 
THPLT147 Beam Halo Monitoring on the CLIC Test Facility 3 plasma, gun, feedback, proton 2798
 
  • T. Lefevre
    NU, Evanston
  • H.-H. Braun, E. Bravin, R. Corsini, A.-L. Perrot, D. Schulte
    CERN, Geneva
  In high intensity accelerators, the knowledge of the beam halo distribution and its generation mechanisms are important issues. In order to study these phenomena, dedicated beam diagnostics must be foreseen. In circular machines, beam halo was monitored by using scrapers and beam loss detectors. In the framework of the CLIC project, beam halo monitoring is currently under development. The proposed device is based on an imaging system and a masking technique, which suppresses the core of the beam to allow direct observation of the beam halo. A first test was performed on the CLIC test facility 3 in 2003. We discuss the performances and the limitations of this technique pointing out our plans for future developments.  
 
THPLT148 Beam Loss Monitoring on the CLIC Test Facility 3 plasma, gun, feedback, proton 2801
 
  • T. Lefevre, M. Velasco, M. Wood
    NU, Evanston
  • H.-H. Braun, R. Corsini, M. Gasior
    CERN, Geneva
  The CLIC test facility 3 (CTF3) provides a 3.5A, 1.5s electron beam pulse of 150MeV at the end of the linac. The average beam power is 4 kW. Beam loss will be monitored all along the linac in order to keep the radiation level as low as possible. The heavy beam loading of the linac can lead to time transients of beam position and size along the pulse. To compensate these transients effectively a beam loss monitor (BLM) technology has to be chosen with a time response faster than a few nanoseconds. In this context, two different tests have been performed in 2003 on the already existing part of the CTF3 accelerator. Several detectors based on different technologies were first tested in parallel to determine which one was the most appropriate. A second test, in which the beam was intentionally lost in well defined conditions, was then made with the aim of comparing the measurements with simulation results. We present here the results of these tests and our conclusion for the new system to be developed.  
 
THPLT150 Results from Orbit and Optics Improvement by Evaluating the Nonlinear Beam Position Monitor Response in CESR plasma, gun, feedback, proton 2804
 
  • R.W. Helms, G. Hoffstaetter
    Cornell University, Laboratory for Elementary-Particle Physics, Ithaca, New York
  In the Cornell Electron/positron Storage Ring (CESR), pretzel orbits with large horizontal oscillations are used to keep electron and positron beams out of collision except at the interaction point. Since a beam position monitor's (BPM's) response is only linear near the center of the beam pipe, the assumption of linearity does not allow for accurate orbit and phase measurements under colliding beam conditions. Using a numerical model of the BPMs' response to large offsets of the beam position, and an enhanced algorithm for real-time inversion of this nonlinear response function, we have extended our orbit and betatron phase measurements to beams with large pretzel amplitudes. Several measurements demonstrate the applicability, accuracy, and usefulness of this method.  
 
THPLT151 Evaluation of Beam Position Monitors in the Nonlinear Regime plasma, gun, feedback, proton 2807
 
  • R.W. Helms, G. Hoffstaetter
    Cornell University, Laboratory for Elementary-Particle Physics, Ithaca, New York
  Here we present a new algorithm for processing BPM signals and extracting orbit and phase data for very large beam excursion where the BPM response function changes nonlinearly with the beam position. Using two dimensional models of each BPM geometry, we calculate the button response using numerical solution of Laplace's equation and Green's reciprocity theorem. The difference between the calculated signals and the measured signals is minimized in real time to calculate the beam position and measurement errors. Using the derivatives of the response functions, we model the effect of beam shaking, and from it, calculate the betatron phase.  
 
THPLT152 Operation of the Position Measurements for the Isotope Production Facility plasma, gun, feedback, proton 2810
 
  • J.D. Gilpatrick, D.S. Barr, L.J. Bitteker, M.S. Gulley, D.M. Kerstiens, D. Martinez, J.F. O'Hara, C. Pillai, R.B. Shurter
    LANL/LANSCE, Los Alamos, New Mexico
  The Isotope Production Facility (IPF) will provide isotopes for medical purposes by using a 100-MeV H+-beam spur beam line from the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) facility. Beam position measurements for IPF use a standard micro-stripline beam position monitor (BPM) with both an approximate 50-mm and 75-mm radius. The associated cable plant is unique in that it unambiguously provides a method of verifying the operation of the complete position measurement. The processing electronics module uses a log ratio technique with an error correcting software algorithm so that each the overall position measurement is periodically calibrated over a dynamic range of > 86 dB with errors less than 0.1 dB within this range. A National Instruments LabVIEW virtual instrument performs automatic periodic calibration and verification, and serves the data via the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) channel access protocol. In order to report the data to the LANSCE facility operators and accelerator physicists, the served data are displayed and archived. This paper will describe the measurement system, commissioning and initial operating experiences.  
 
THPLT153 Commissioning and Initial Operation of the Isotope Production Facility at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center plasma, gun, feedback, proton 2813
 
  • K.F. Johnson, H.W. Alvestad, W.C. Barkley, D.B. Barlow, D.S. Barr, G.A. Bennett, L.J. Bitteker, E. Bjorklund, W. Boedeker, M.J. Borden, R.A. Cardon, G. Carr, J.L. Casados, S. Cohen, J.F. Cordova, J.A. Faucett, M. Fresquez, F.R. Gallegos, J.D. Gilpatrick, F. Gonzales, F.W. Gorman, M.S. Gulley, M.J. Hall, D.J. Hayden, R.C. Heaton, D. Henderson, D.B. Ireland, G. Jacobson, G.D. Johns, D.M. Kerstiens, A.J. Maestas, A.R. Martinez, D. Martinez, G.C. Martinez, J. Martinez, M.P. Martinez, R. Merl, J.B. Merrill, J. Meyer, M.L. Milder, E.A. Morgan, F.M. Nortier, J.F. O'Hara, F.R. Olovas, M.A. Oothoudt, T.D. Pence, E.M. Perez, C. Pillai, F.P. Romero, C. Rose, L. Rybarcyk, G. Sanchez, J.B. Sandoval, S. Schaller, F.E. Shelley, R.B. Shurter, W. Sommer, M.W. Stettler, J.L. Stockton, J. Sturrock, T.L. Tomei, V.P. Vigil, P.L. Walstrom, P.M. Wanco, J. Wilmarth
    LANL/LANSCE, Los Alamos, New Mexico
  • R.E. Meyer, E.J. Peterson, F.O. Valdez
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico
  The recently completed 100-MeV H+ Isotope Production Facility (IPF) at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) will provide radioisotopes for medical research and diagnosis, for basic research and for commercial applications. A change to the LANSCE accelerator facility allowed for the installation of the IPF. Three components make up the LANSCE accelerator: an injector that accelerates the H+ beam to 750-KeV, a drift-tube linac (DTL) that increases the beam energy to 100-MeV, and a side-coupled cavity linac (SCCL) that accelerates the beam to 800-MeV. The transition region, a space between the DTL and the SCCL, was modified to permit the insertion of a kicker magnet (23o kick angle) for the purpose of extracting a portion of the 100-MeV H+ beam. A new beam line was installed to transport the extracted H+ beam to the radioisotope production target chamber. This paper will describe the commissioning and initial operating experiences of IPF.  
 
THPLT154 Design of an X-ray Imaging System for the Low-Energy Ring of PEP-II plasma, gun, feedback, proton 2816
 
  • A.S. Fisher, D. Arnett, H. De Staebler, S. Debarger, R.K. Jobe, D. Kharakh, D.J. McCormick, M. Petree, M.C. Ross, J. Seeman, B. Smith
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  • J. Albert, D. Hitlin
    CALTECH, Pasadena, California
  • J. Button-Shafer, J.A. Kadyk
    LBNL, Berkeley, California
  An x-ray beam-size monitor for positrons in the low-energy ring (LER) of the PEP-II B Factory at SLAC is being designed to accommodate the present 2-A, 3.1-GeV beam and anticipated currents of up to 4.7 A. The final photon stop of an arc will be rebuilt to pass dipole radiation through cooled apertures to optics 17 m from the source. Zone-plate imaging there can achieve a resolution of 6 microns, compared to 35 for a pinhole camera. Two multilayer x-ray mirrors precede the zone plate, limiting the bandwidth to 1%, in order to avoid chromatic blurring and protect the zone plate. Despite the narrow bandwidth, the zone plate?s larger diameter compared to a pinhole camera allows for a comparable photon flux. We will image all 1700 LER bunches and also measure them individually, searching for variations along the train due to electron-cloud and beam-beam effects, using a scanning detector conceptually derived from a wire scanner. A mask with three narrow slots at different orientations will scan the image to obtain three projections. In one passage, signals from a fast scintillator and photomultiplier will be rapidly digitized and sorted to profile each bunch.  
 
THPLT155 Development and Testing of a Low Group-delay Woofer Channel for PEP-II plasma, gun, proton, booster 2819
 
  • J.D. Fox, L. Beckman, D. Teytelman, D. Van Winkle, A. Young
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  The PEP-II HER and LER require active longitudinal feedback to control coupled-bunch instabilities. The PEP-II RF systems use direct and comb loop feedback to reduce the cavity fundamental impedance, though the remaining low-mode impedance is providing the fastest growing unstable modes in both rings. Since commissioning the longitudinal feedback systems have used a dedicated "woofer" channel to apply the low-frequency correction kick via the RF system. The performance of this original controller is limited by the maximum gain that can be supported due to the processing delay (group delay), as well as the difficulty in configuring a common correction controller that acts via two correction paths. A dedicated low-mode signal processing system has been developed to allow higher damping rates. It is a digital processing channel, operating at a 10 MHz sampling rate, and implementing flexible 5 to 10 tap FIR control filters. The design of the channel and initial control filters is presented, as are initial machine experiments quantifying the damping and noise floor of this low group delay woofer system.  
 
THPLT156 Simulations of IP Feedback and Stabilization in the NLC plasma, gun, proton, booster 2822
 
  • L. Hendrickson, J.C. Frisch, T.M. Himel, T.O. Raubenheimer, A. Seryi, M. Woodley
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  • G.R. White
    Queen Mary University of London, London
  Keeping nanometer-sized beams in collision is an essential component in achieving design luminosity in a linear collider. The NLC stabilization strategy is conservative by including enough redundancy so that if some piece doesn't work to specification or the incoming beam motion is worse than expected, the beams will still be kept in collision. We show simulation results with both realistic and pessimistic assumptions about the response of the ground motion, inertial stabilization, interbunch and intertrain feedback systems. By providing backup systems, and by assuming that some systems may perform more poorly than expected, we can achieve a high level of confidence in our ability to successfully stabilize the beams.  
 
THPLT157 Beam-based Feedback for the NLC Linac plasma, gun, proton, booster 2825
 
  • L. Hendrickson, N. Phinney, A. Seryi, P. Tenenbaum, M. Woodley
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  The NLC linac train-by-train feedback system is designed to stabilize the beam trajectory, but is also a valuable element in the strategy for emittance preservation. New simulations employ improved strategies [*], allowing beam steering to be performed significantly less often than without the feedback system. Additional simulations indicate that the linac feedback can contribute towards successful operation at noisier sites.

* Beam-based Feedback Simulations for the NLC Linac, L. Hendrickson et al., LINAC, Monterey, California (2000)

 
 
THPLT159 Instability Thresholds and Generation of the Electron-cloud in the GLC/NLC and Tesla Damping Rings plasma, gun, proton, electron 2828
 
  • M.T.F. Pivi, T.O. Raubenheimer
    SLAC/NLC, Menlo Park, California
  In the beam pipe of the Damping Ring (DR) of a linear collider, an electron cloud may be produced by ionization of residual gas and secondary emission. This electron cloud can reach equilibrium after the passage of only a few bunches. We present recent computer simulation results for the main features of the electron cloud generation in the GLC/NLC main DR and for the TESLA DR. Single and multi-bunch instability thresholds are also calculated for the NLC main DR. The results are obtained by the computer simulation codes HEAD-TAIL and POSINST, which were developed to study the electron cloud effect in particle accelerators.  
 
THPLT160 Measurements of Transverse Coupled-bunch Instabilities in PEP-II plasma, gun, feedback, proton 2831
 
  • D. Teytelman, R. Akre, J.D. Fox, S.A. Heifets, A. Krasnykh, D. Van Winkle, U. Wienands
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  At the design currents the PEP-II High and Low Energy Rings operate above the coupled-bunch instability thresholds in horizontal and vertical planes. Both machines have used analog bunch-by-bunch feedback systems to stabilize the beams since commissioning. Here we present a measurement technique that uses the capabilities of the PEP-II programmable digital longitudinal feedback system to provide transient diagnostics in X or Y directions. This technique allows one to measure instability growth or damping rates as well as oscillation frequencies in both open-loop and closed-loop conditions. Based on these measurements the configuration of the relevant transverse feedback channel can be optimized. The technique will be illustrated with instability measurements and feedback optimization examples. Comparisons of the measured modal patterns and growth rates to the theoretical predictions will be presented.  
 
THPLT161 Compton X-ray Source plasma, feedback, proton, booster 2834
 
  • A.E. Vlieks, G. Caryotakis, D.W. Martin
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  • C.A. DeStefano, W.J. Frederick, J.P. Heritage, N.C. Luhmann Jr.
    UCD, Davis, California
  In an effort to develop a monochromatic, tunable source of X-rays in the 20-85 KeV energy range, a 5.5 cell X-band RF gun has been designed and tested. Together with a 1.05 m high gradient accelerating structure (an NLC Collider component), this system generates and accelerates a beam of electrons to energies greater than 60 MeV. Monochromatic X-rays are generated, via the Compton Effect, through a head-on collision of this beam with a multi-terawatt laser beam.We are currently measuring and analyzing the performance of the complete system, including the energy, monochromaticity and emittance of the electron beam, the laser system performance and the X-ray flux from the beam-laser interaction. A tunable, monochromatic X-ray source has important medical applications.We will report on the latest results as well as describe the experimental setup, components and diagnostics.  
 
THPLT162 Diagnosis of Coupling and Beta Function Errors in the PEP-II B-Factory plasma, feedback, proton, booster 2837
 
  • M.H. Donald, T.M. Himel, S. Zelazny
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  The SLAC Control program has an automatic phase measuring system whereby the beta functions of the two storage rings are measured. This facility has recently been extended to measure coupling between the horizontal and vertical motion and to fit the measured values to their modes of propagation. This facility aids the diagnosis and correction of coupling and focusing errors.  
 
THPLT163 High-temperature Kicker Electrodes for High-beam-current Operation of PEP-II plasma, proton, booster, laser 2840
 
  • U. Wienands, R. Akre, D.E. Anderson, S. Debarger, K. Fant, D. Kharakh, R.E. Kirby, A. Krasnykh, A. Kulikov, J. Langton
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  The strip line electrodes of the kickers used in the transverse bunch-by-bunch feedback systems see significant power deposition by beam and HOM-induced currents. This leads to elevated temperatures of the aluminum electrodes and will ultimately become a limit for the beam current in the Low Energy Ring. Heat is transported to the environment primarily by radiation from the blackened surface of the electrodes. In order to extend the beam-current range of these kickers, new electrodes have been fabricated from molybdenum which are able to run at significantly higher temperature, thus greatly increasing the efficiency of the radiative cooling of the electrodes. Blackening of the electrodes is achieved by oxidation in air at 1000°F using a recipe first applied in aviation research for supersonic aircraft. Emissivity was measured on coupons and a whole electrode to be about 0.6. In addition, the match at the terminations of the electrodes is improved following field calculations and measurements on a model of the kicker.  
 
THPLT165 Synchrotron Light Interferometry at JEFFERSON Lab plasma, proton, booster, laser 2843
 
  • A. Freyberger, P. Chevtsov, T. Day, R. Hicks
    Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia
  • J-C. Denard
    SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette
  The hyper-nuclear physics program at JLAB requires an upper limit on the RMS momentum spread of dp/p<3e-5. The momentum spread is determined by measuring the beam width at a dispersive location (D~4m) in the transport line to the experimental halls. Ignoring the epsilon-beta contribution to the intrinsic beam size, this momentum spread corresponds to an upper bound on the beam width of σ_beam<120um. Typical techniques to measure and monitor the beam size are either invasive or do not have the resolution to measure such small beam sizes. Using interferometry of the synchrotron light produced in the dispersive bend, the resolution of the optical system can be made very small. The non-invasive nature of this measurement allows continuous monitoring of the momentum spread. Two synchrotron light interferometers have been built and installed at JLAB, one each in the Hall-A and Hall-C transport lines. The devices operate over a beam current range from 1uA to 100uA and have a spatial resolution of 10um. The structure of the interferometers, the experience gained during its installation, beam measurements and momentum spread stability are presented. The dependence of the measured momentum spread on beam current will be presented.  
 
THPLT166 Development of Injection and Optics Control Applications for the SNS Accumulator Ring plasma, proton, booster, laser 2846
 
  • S.M. Cousineau, C. Chu, J. Galambos, S. Henderson, T. Pelaia, M. Plum
    ORNL/SNS, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
  • A.L. Leahman
    WSSU, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
  A large suite of physics software applications is being developed to facilitate beam measurement and control in the SNS accumulator ring. Two such applications are an injection control and measurement application, and a ring optics control application. The injection application will handle measurement and control of the linac beam position and angle at the stripper foil, and will be used to measure the twiss parameters of the linac beam at the foil. The optics control application will provide knobs for machine working point, chromaticity, arc phase advance, and harmonic correction. Both applications are written within the standard in-house XAL framework. Presented here are first versions of the applications, along with plans for future development and testing.  
 
THPLT167 SNS Laser Profile Monitor Progress plasma, proton, laser, booster 2849
 
  • W. Blokland, A.V. Aleksandrov, S. Assadi, C. Deibele, W. Grice, S. Henderson, T. Hunter, P. Ladd, G.R. Murdoch, J. Pogge, K. Potter, T.J. Shea, D. Stout
    ORNL/SNS, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
  • V. Alexandrov
    BINP SB RAS, Protvino, Moscow Region
  SNS will use a Nd:YAG laser to measure transverse profiles in the 186-1000 MeV super-conducting LINAC (SCL) and Ti:Sapphire modelock laser to measure longitudinal profiles in the 2.5 MeV Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT). The laser beam is scanned across the H- beam to photo-neutralize narrow slices. The liberated electrons are collected to provide a direct measurement of the transverse or longitudinal beam profile. We have successfully measured the transverse profile with a prototype system on the MEBT beam. The final SCL system uses an optical transport line that is installed alongside the 300 meter super-conducting LINAC to deliver laser light at 8 locations. Possible vibrations in the optical transport system can lead to inaccuracies in the profile measurement. We will use an active feedback system on a mirror to correct any vibration up to 2 KHz. In this paper we describe our vibration studies and vibration cancellation system as well as the progress in the design, installation and testing of various subsystems for both the transverse and the longitudinal profiles.  
 
THPLT168 XAL - The SNS Application Programming Infrastructure plasma, proton, laser, booster 2852
 
  • J. Galambos, C. Chu, S.M. Cousineau, T. Pelaia, A. Shishlo
    ORNL/SNS, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
  • C. Allen, C. McChesney
    LANL/LANSCE, Los Alamos, New Mexico
  • W.-D. Klotz
    ESRF, Grenoble
  • I. Kriznar, A. Zupanc
    Cosylab, Ljubljana
  A Java programming infrastructure for high level applications has been developed and is being used for the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS). The framework provides a hierarchal view of the accelerator and hides much of the underlying control system details. The hierarchy is database configured, facilitating sharing of applications across different beamlines, shielding the programmer from detailed knowledge of signal names, and allowing wholesale updating of applications. An important aspect of the framework is an online model, which can be run for design values, live machine values or user selected tuning values. Sample applications will be shown.  
 
THPLT170 Finding the Circular Magnet Aperture which Encloses an Arbitrary Number of Midplane-centered Beam Ellipses plasma, proton, laser, booster 2855
 
  • J.S. Berg
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  In specifying the magnets for an accelerator, one must be able to determine the aperture required by the beam. In some machines, in particular FFAGs, there is a significant variation in the closed orbit and beta functions over the energy range of the machine. In addition, the closed orbit and beta functions may vary with the longitudinal position in the magnet. It is necessary to determine a magnet aperture which encloses the beam ellipses at all energies and all positions in the magnet. This paper describes a method of determining the smallest circular aperture enclosing an arbitrary number of midplane-centered ellipses.  
 
THPLT171 Stochastic Cooling Studies in RHIC, II plasma, proton, laser, booster 2858
 
  • M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, J. Wei
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  Intra-beam scattering is unavoidable for highly charged heavy ions and causes emittance growth during the store for collision physics. A longitudinal bunched beam stochastic cooling system will confine the bunch within the RF bucket increasing the useful luminosity. A single bunch, Palmer cooling system is under investigation. We present data and compare them with theory.  
 
THPLT172 Self-adaptive Feed Forward Scheme for the SNS Ring RF System plasma, proton, laser, booster 2861
 
  • M. Blaskiewicz, K. Smith
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  During one millisecond of injection stacking, the RF beam current varies from 0 to 50 Amperes. The control loops of the RF system are operative throughout this process. Acceptable setpoints will be found during commissioning, but as vacuum tubes age and beam currents increase these setpoints will become less optimal. A scheme by which the system can optimize itself is presented.  
 
THPLT173 RHIC BPM Performance: Comparison of Run 2003 and 2004 plasma, proton, laser, booster 2864
 
  • R. Calaga, R. Tomas
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  Identification of malfunctioning BPMs plays an important role in any orbit or turn-by-turn analysis. Singular value decomposition (SVD)and Fourier transform methods were recently employed to identify malfunctioning BPMs at RHIC. A detailed statistical comparison between the two methods for Run 2003 was in good agreement and proved to be a robust method to identify faulty BPMs. We evaluate detailed BPM performance for different versions of BPM low-level software in 2003 and 2004.  
 
THPLT177 Maps for Fast Electron Cloud Simulations at RHIC plasma, proton, laser, booster 2867
 
  • U. Iriso, S. Peggs
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  Luminosity in several colliders, including RHIC, is limited by the electron cloud effect. A careful re-distribution of the bunch pattern around the azimuth of a ring can decrease the average electron density for a fixed total bunch current, allowing the luminosity to be increased. In the search for a bunch pattern that maximizes the luminosity, a fast computer simulation is a key requirement. We discuss the use of fast polynomial maps to simulate the bunch to bunch evolution of the electron density at RHIC. Such maps are empirically derived from existing conventional slow simulation codes.  
 
THPLT179 MADX-UAL Suite for Off-line Accelerator Design and Simulation plasma, proton, laser, booster 2870
 
  • N. Malitsky, R.P. Fliller III, F.C. Pilat, V. Ptitsyn, S. Tepikian, J. Wei
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  • F. Schmidt
    CERN, Geneva
  • R.M. Talman
    Cornell University, Laboratory for Elementary-Particle Physics, Ithaca, New York
  We present here an accelerator modeling suite that integrates the capability of MADX and UAL packages, based on the Standard eXchange Format (SXF) interface. The resulting environment introduces a one-stop collection of accelerator applications ranging from the lattice design to complex beam dynamics studies. The extended capabilities of the MADX-UAL integrated approach have been tested and effectively used in two accelerator projects: RHIC, where direct comparison of operational and simulated data is possible, and the SNS Accumulator Ring, still in its design phase.  
 
THPLT181 A Tomographic Technique for Magnetized Beam Matching plasma, proton, laser, booster 2873
 
  • C. Montag, I. Ben-Zvi, J. Kewisch
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  To maintain low electron beam temperatures in the proposed RHIC electron cooler, careful matching of the magnetized beam from the source to the cooler solenoid is mandatory. We propose a tomographic technique to diagnose matching conditions. First simulation results will be presented.  
 
THPLT183 Results from the Commissioning of the NSRL Beam Transfer Line at BNL plasma, laser, booster, luminosity 2876
 
  • N. Tsoupas, S. Bellavia, R. Bonati, K.A. Brown, I.-H. Chiang, C. Gardner, D. Gassner, S. Jao, I. Marneris, A. McNerney, D. Phillips, P. Pile, R. Prigl, A. Rusek, L. Snydstrup
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  The NASA SPACE RADIATION LABORATORY (NSRL) has started operations at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in 2003. The NSRL facility will be used by NASA to study radiation effects. The NSRL facility utilizes proton and heavy-ion beams of energies from 50 to 3000 MeV/n which are accelerated by the AGS_Booster synchrotron accelerator. The beams were extracted[1] ,and transported to a sample which is located 100 m downstream. To date, protons, 12C, 56Fe, 48Ti ion beams of various magnetic rigidities have been transported to the sample location. The NSRL beam transport line has been designed to employ octupole magnetic elements[2] which transform the normal (Gaussian) beam distribution on the sample into a beam with rectangular cross section, and uniformly distributed over the sample. No beam-collimation is applied along any point of the NSRL beam transport line and the beam focusing on the sample is purely magnetic. The experimental and theoretical horizontal and vertical beam envelopes of the first order optics will be presented. The theoretical beam profiles and uniformities at the location of the sample, when the magnetic octupoles are excited (third order optics), will be compared with the experimentally measured ones.  
 
THPLT184 An Online Longitudinal Vertex and Bunch Spectrum Monitor for RHIC plasma, laser, booster, luminosity 2879
 
  • J. Van Zeijts, R. Lee
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  The longitudinal bunch profile acquisition system at RHIC was recently upgraded to allow online measurements of the bunch spectrum, and collision vertex location and shape. The system allows monitoring the evolution of these properties along the ramp, at transition and rebucketing, and at store conditions. We describe some of the hardware and software changes, and show an application of the system in optimizing the cogging of the colliding beams.  
 
THPLT186 Bunch Pattern Control in Top-up Mode at the SLS plasma, laser, booster, luminosity 2882
 
  • B. Kalantari, T. Korhonen, V. Schlott
    PSI, Villigen
  One of the crucial issues in the advanced third generation light sources is the bunch pattern control in the storage ring, where various filling patterns are of interests for different experiments. The most important step is to keep a uniform charge distribution over all (electron) bunches during the top-up operation. Such a bunch pattern control has been implemented at the Swiss Light Source (SLS). It provides a filling pattern with bunch-to-bunch fluctuation of a few percent. Since a dependency of the medium term orbit stability on the actual filling pattern was observed in the past, the stability could significantly be improved. Three major ingredients have made the implementation possible: precise timing system, flexible control system and sophisticated diagnostics. The method is being used in the user operation recently and proved to be reliable. This paper describes the hardware and software involved in the mentioned technique.  
 
FRXCH01 Development of High Power Targets plasma, laser, booster, target 276
 
  • G.S. Bauer
    FZJ/ESS, Jülich
  High power targets are at the very heart of most applications of accelerators to science and technology. With many projects aiming to utilize beams in the multi-megawatt power range, solid targets, in particular stationary ones, become increasingly difficult. Liquid metal targets have become the concept of choice. Designs cover a variety of concepts ranging from free jets to allow extraction of low energy ? highly ionizing radiation (pions and muons) to fully enclosed systems if neutron generation is the main goal. Mercury is often the preferred target material due to its liquid state at room temperature and other favourable properties. Designs aiming at high temperature operation depending on small neutron absorption rely on PbBi as target material. Liquid lithium is proposed for a deuteron stripping target for the IFMIF project. Questions that need to be solved include solid-liquid metal reactions, radiation effects, general liquid metal technology, handling of spallation products as well as design of components and subsystems. In addition, short pulse operation leads to the generation of pressure waves inside the targets and the need to control their consequences.  
Video of talk
Transparencies
 
FRXBCH01 Novel Ideas and R&D for High Intensity Neutrino Beams plasma, laser, booster, target 281
 
  • K.J. Peach
    CCLRC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon
  Recent developments in neutrino physics, primarily the conclusive demonstration of neutrino oscillations in both atmospheric neutrinos and solar neutrinos, provide the first conclusive evidence for physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. The phenomenology of neutrino oscillations, for three generations of neutrino, requires six parameters - two squared mass differences, 3 mixing angles and a complex phase that could, if not 0 or pi, contribute to the otherwise unexplained baryon asymmetry observed in the Universe. Exploring the neutrino sector will requires very intense beams of neutrinos, and needs novel solutions.  
Video of talk
Transparencies
 
FRXBCH02 Towards Higher Luminosities in B and Phi Factories plasma, laser, booster, target 286
 
  • P. Raimondi
    INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma)
  A brief review of the performances of the existing Factories will be presented. Such machines have been proved extremely successful, for both particle and accelerator physics. To further extend their physics reach, several plans are under way to upgrade the existing colliders, in order to increase their luminosity up to an order of magnitude. Will also be described several new schemes and ideas to realize full ?Second Generation Factories? aimed at luminosities two order of magnitude higher then what achieved so far.  
Video of talk
Transparencies
 
FRYACH01 HICAT - The German Hospital-Based Light Ion Cancer Therapy Project plasma, laser, booster, target 290
 
  • H. Eickhoff, T. Haberer, B. Schlitt, U. Weinrich
    GSI, Darmstadt
  At the University Clinics at Heidelberg /Germany the realization of a cancer Therapy facility using light and medium ions (from protons up to oxygen) has started. This facility will be capable to treat about 1000 patients per year by means of the 'intensity controlled rasterscan technique', that has been already successfully applied to about 200 patients since 1998 at the GSI therapy pilot project. The presentation will give an overview of the facility layout and especially the accelerator- and beam transport systems, capable to provide 3 treatment places with light ions between 50 and 430 MeV/u. Two treatment places are located after horizontal beam lines and one after an isocentric gantry. A further horizontal beam line for research and development activities is foreseen. Besides the technical description and the status and schedule for the project realization organizational aspects of this project will be discussed with the project leadership at the University Clinics, the strong technical assistance of GSI and the role of industrial partners.  
Video of talk
Transparencies
 
FRYBCH01 Clean Energy and the Fast Track to Fusion Power laser, booster, target, plasma 295
 
  • C. Llewellyn Smith
    UKAEA Culham, Culham, Abingdon, Oxon
  The theoretical attractions of fusion are clear: used as fuel in a fusion power plant, the lithium in one laptop battery together with 40 litres of water would produce 200,000 kW hours of electricity in an environmentally benign manner. The Joint European Torus (JET), which has produced 16MW, has shown that fusion can work in practice. ITER (the International Tokamak Experimental Reactor) is now essential to test integration of the components at the heart of a fusion reactor, and confirm that a burning plasma, in a fusion device scaled up in all dimensions by a factor of two from JET, to power plant size, has the expected behaviour. ITER should confirm that a fusion power plant can be built. The challenge will then be to build a power plant that would be sufficiently reliable and robust to be economically viable. This will require intensive research and development on the materials needed to construct the plasma vessel and surrounding blanket. These materials will have to be tested under reactor conditions at a dedicated facility called IFMIF (International Fusion Materials Facility). Construction of IFMIF in parallel with ITER would put fusion firmly on the 'fast track' (strongly advocated by the British Government) to the construction of a commercial fusion power plant, which could in principle be in operation within 30 years. I shall describe how a fusion power plant would work, the advantages and disadvantages of fusion, and the challenges that lie ahead.  
Video of talk
Transparencies