IPAC2018 - List of Keywords (detector)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOXGB1	Report on SuperKEKB Phase 2 Commissioning	luminosity, MMI, optics, emittance	1
	Y. Ohnishi KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	The SuperKEKB electron-positron collider is being commissioned at KEK in three phases. The first phase was successfully completed in 2016, focusing on vacuum scrubbing and single beam studies without final focus optics. The second phase will start in March 2018 and until mid of July 2018. It will be dedicated to achieving the target specific luminosity larger than 4x10³¹ cm^-2s^-1/mA², using the novel "nano-beam" collision scheme. Final focus optics will be installed, as well as the Belle-II detector, but without the vertex detector. The second phase of commissioning will also serve to assess and learn to control backgrounds induced by beam losses near the interaction region, expected to be larger than at KEKB in the past, as a result of the much smaller beams. This will be important before installing the vertex detector for the final phase of commissioning, due to start at the beginning of 2019, when high luminosity needed for data taking with the Belle-II detector should be achieved. The speaker will present the recent progress and performance of SuperKEKB that is enabled by these upgrades.
	Slides MOXGB1 [28.594 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOXGB1
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MOPMF011	Beam-Beam Issues With Two Interaction Points in eRHIC	proton, electron, simulation, luminosity	102
	Y. Luo, M. Blaskiewicz, A. He, C. Montag, V. Ptitsyn BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. In this article, we study the beam-beam interaction related issues with two interaction points in the current eRHIC ring-ring design. We carried out strong-strong beam-beam simulation in a 2-d bunch intensity scan. We observed coherent beam-beam instability and emittance blowup with 2 collisions per turn at lower bunch intensities than the case with only 1 collision per turn. To deliver collisions to the two experiments simultaneously, we proposed a new bunch filling pattern to avoid 2 collisions per turn for any electron or proton bunch. We proved that the parasitic beam-beam effect with the new bunch filling pattern is negligible.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPMF011
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MOPMF016	Progress on RCS eRHIC Injector Design	resonance, polarization, emittance, lattice	115
	V.H. Ranjbar, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, S.J. Brooks, D.M. Gassner, H.-C. Hseuh, I. Marneris, F. Méot, M.G. Minty, C. Montag, V. Ptitsyn, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte, B. P. Xiao, A. Zaltsman BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA I.V. Pogorelov Tech-X, Boulder, Colorado, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. We have refined the design for the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) polarized electron injector for eRHIC. The newer design includes bypasses for the eRHIC detectors and definition of the lattice layout in the existing RHIC tunnel. Additionally, we provide more details on the RF, alignment and orbit control, and magnet specifications.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPMF016
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MOPMF089	DAΦNE Luminosity Monitor	luminosity, experiment, scattering, injection	338
	A. De Santis, C. Bisegni, O.R. Blanco-García, O. Coiro, A. Michelotti, C. Milardi, A. Stecchi INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
	This work presents a new method to measure the DAΦNE collider instantaneous luminosity. The method is based on the identification of Bhabha scattering events at low polar angle (∼10 degree) around the beam axis by using two small crystal calorimeters shared with the KLOE-2 experiment. A new experimental setup has been designed and realized in order to implement the fast luminosity monitor, also in view of the DAΦNE future physics runs. Besides total instantaneous luminosity the new diagnostic measures also Bunch-by-Bunch (BBB) luminosity. This peculiarity allows to investigate the beam-beam interaction for the Crab- Waist collisions at DAΦNE and luminosity dependence on the bunch train structure.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPMF089
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MOPML002	Status of the JLEIC Ion Collider Ring Design	dynamic-aperture, collider, solenoid, survey	394
	G.H. Wei, F. Lin, V.S. Morozov, Y. Zhang JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA Y. Cai, Y.M. Nosochkov SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Funding: Authored by JSA, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177 and DE-AC02-06CH11357. Work supported also by the US DOE Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. We present an update on the lattice design and beam dynamics study of the ion collider ring of JLEIC (Jefferson Lab Electron Ion Collider). The collider ring consists of two 261.7 degree arcs connected by two straight sections crossing each other. One of the straights houses an interaction region (IR) and is shaped to make a 50 mrad crossing angle with the electron beam at the interaction point (IP) to meet physics requirements. The forward acceptance requirements downstream of the IP in the ion direction lead to an asymmetric IR lattice design. The detector solenoid effects and the multipole fields of the IR magnets further complicate this picture. In this paper, compensation of the detector solenoid effects is considered together with orbit correction and multipole effects. We also study local compensation of the magnet multipoles using dedicated multipole correctors. And an optimization of the betatron tunes is also presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPML002
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MOPML012	Special Collimation System Configuration for the LHC High-Beta Runs	background, collimation, simulation, experiment	418
	H. Garcia Morales Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom R. Bruce, H. Burkhardt, M. Deile, S. Jakobsen, A. Mereghetti, S. Redaelli CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Special LHC high-beta optics is required for the forward physics program of TOTEM and ATLAS-ALFA. In this configuration, the beam is de-squeezed (the \beta-function at the collision point is increased) in order to minimize the divergence for measurements at very small scattering angles. In these low beam intensity runs, it is important to place the Roman Pots (RPs) as close as possible to the beam, which demands special collimator settings. During Run I, a significant amount of background was observed in the forward detectors due to particles outscattered from the primary collimator. During Run II, a different collimation configuration was used where a tungsten collimator was used as primary collimator instead of the usual one made of carbon. Using this configuration, a significant reduction of the background at the RPs was observed. In this paper we present a description of the new collimator configuration and the results obtained during the high-beta run carried out in 2016.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPML012
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MOPML024	Implementation of a Non-Invasive Online Beam Monitor at a 60 MeV Proton Therapy Beamline	proton, cyclotron, operation, monitoring	449
	R. Schnuerer, C.P. Welsch, S.L. Yap, H.D. Zhang Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom O. Girard, G.J. Haefeli EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland C.P. Welsch The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
	To fully exploit the advantageous dose distribution profiles of ion radiotherapy, an exact knowledge of the beam properties through online beam monitoring is essential, ensuring thus an effective dose delivery to the patient. One potential candidate for an online beam monitor is the LHCb Vertex Locator (VELO). This detector, originally developed for the LHCb experiment, has been adapted to the specific conditions of the clinical environment in a proton therapy centre. The semicircular design and position of its sensitive silicon detector offers a non-invasive way to measure the beam intensity without interfering with the beam core. In this contribution, modifications for VELO are described. The detector is synchronized with the readout of a locally-constructed Faraday Cup and the 25.7 MHz RF frequency of the cyclotron at the Clatterbridge Cancer Centre (CCC). Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations investigate the integration of the detector in the treatment line and behaviour of the beam during delivery. The capability of VELO as a beam monitor will be assessed by measuring the beam current and by monitoring the beam profile along the beamline this summer.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPML024
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MOPML072	Timing Resolution for an Optical Fibre-Based Detector in a 74 MeV Proton Therapy Beam	proton, TRIUMF, photon, timing	575
	C.A. Penner UBC & TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada C. Duzenli UBC, Vancouver, B.C., Canada C.M. Hoehr, C. Lindsay TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada S. O'Keeffe University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
	A Terbium activated Gadolinium Oxysulfide (Gd2O2S:Tb)-filled optical fibre sensor was developed and tested as a proton therapy beam dosimeter on a 74 MeV proton beam. Tests were carried out at the TRIUMF proton therapy centre, where a passively scattered beam is used for treatment. To create a clinically relevant spread-out Bragg peak, a modulator wheel with steps of varying thickness is employed. To determine the sensor's response in a 23 mm spread out Bragg peak, the sensor signal was sampled at depth intervals of 0.79 mm along the beam axis in a water phantom. The resulting data showed a periodic variation in the signal corresponding to the rotation of the modulator wheel and related to the depth in water of the detector. This timing resolution in the sensor response could find application in quality assurance for modulated proton beams.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPML072
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TUXGBD3	Ideas and Concepts for Future Electron Ion Colliders	electron, luminosity, collider, polarization	590
	F.C. Pilat ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	Different versions of future electron-ion colliders have been proposed by Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and Thomas Jefferson National Laboratory (JLAB), one based on colliding protons in a ring with electrons from an Energy Recovery Linac (ERL), the other two based on ring-ring colliders. To attain the luminosity goal strong hadron cooling is required, as could be provided with several proposed new cooling schemes. Polarization of both colliding beams is essential. This invited talk will compare the various designs and highlight some of the novel ideas and concepts.
	Slides TUXGBD3 [76.608 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-TUXGBD3
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TUXGBF2	Higher-Order-Mode Effects in Tesla-Type Superconducting RF Cavities on Electron Beam Quality	HOM, cavity, FEL, electron	612
	A.H. Lumpkin, N. Eddy, D.R. Edstrom, P.S. Prieto, J. Ruan, R.M. Thurman-Keup Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA K. Bishofberger, B.E. Carlsten LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA O. Napoly CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
	Funding: Work at Fermilab supported by FRA, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Dept. of Energy. *Work at LANL supported by U.S. Dept. of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program. We report the direct observations of the correlation of higher order modes (HOMs) generated by off-axis electron beam steering in TESLA-type SCRF cavities and sub-macropulse beam centroid shifts (with the concomitant effect on averaged beam size and emittance). The experiments were performed at the Fermilab Accelerator Science and Technology (FAST) facility using its unique configuration of a PC rf gun injecting beam into two separated 9-cell cavities in series with corrector magnets and beam position monitors (BPMs) located before, between, and after them. The ~100-kHz oscillations with up to 300-μm amplitudes at downstream locations were observed in a 3-MHz micropulse repetition rate beam with charges of 500 and 1000 pC/b, although the effects were much reduced at 100 pC/b. The studies were based on HOM detector circuitry targeting the first and second dipole passbands, rf BPM bunch-by-bunch data, and imaging cameras viewing multi-slit images for emittance assessments at 33 MeV. Initial calculations reproduced a key feature of the phenomena. In principle, these results may be scaled to cryomodule configurations of major accelerator facilities.
	Slides TUXGBF2 [3.631 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-TUXGBF2
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TUYGBD2	A Review of DAΦNE Performances During the KLOE-2 Run	luminosity, operation, vacuum, collider	624
	C. Milardi, D. Alesini, S. Bini, O.R. Blanco-García, M. Boscolo, B. Buonomo, S. Cantarella, S. Caschera, A. D'Uffizi, A. De Santis, G.O. Delle Monache, D.G.C. Di Giulio, G. Di Pirro, A. Drago, L.G. Foggetta, A. Gallo, R. Gargana, A. Ghigo, S. Guiducci, C. Ligi, M. Maestri, A. Michelotti, L. Pellegrino, R. Ricci, U. Rotundo, A. Stecchi, A. Stella, M. Zobov INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
	DAΦNE, the Frascati electron-positron accelerator complex, has almost completed the last and more chanlleging period of operation for the KLOE-2 detector. In this context the performances of the collider, based on the Crab-Waist collision scheme, are reviewed and the limiting factors discussed.
	Slides TUYGBD2 [9.928 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-TUYGBD2
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TUYGBD4	Beam Loss Background and Collimator Design in CEPC Double Ring	scattering, background, radiation, simulation	632
	S. Bai, J. Gao, H. Geng, D. Wang, Y. Wang, C.H. Yu, Y. Zhang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) is a proposed Higgs factory with center of mass energy of 240 GeV to measure the properties of Higgs boson and test the standard model accurately. Beam loss background in detectors is an important topic at CEPC. Radiative Bhabha scattering and Beamstrahlung effects are dominant mechanism of the beam induced backgrounds at CEPC due to the beam lifetime. In this paper, we evaluated the beam loss background in simulation and designed a series of collimators to suppress the radiation level on the machine and the detector.
	Slides TUYGBD4 [0.791 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-TUYGBD4
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TUPAF016	Increase of IPHI Beam Power at CEA Saclay	rfq, neutron, proton, target	694
	F. Senée, F. Benedetti, E. Giner-Demange, A. Gomes, M. Oublaid CEA/DRF/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France P. Ausset, M. Ben Abdillah, C. Joly IPN, Orsay, France F. Belloni, B. Bolzon, N. Chauvin, M. Desmons, Y. Gauthier, C. Marchand, J. Marroncle, T. Papaevangelou, G. Perreu, O. Piquet, B. Pottin, Y. Sauce, J. Schwindling, L. Segui, O. Tuske, D. Uriot CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France F. Harrault, R. Touzery CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
	For the first time, in April 2016, the SILHI source produced a proton beam for IPHI RFQ. Due to several technical difficulties on the RFQ water cooling skid, a short RF power pulse (100 μs at the beginning until few hundred microseconds) is injected into the RFQ accelerates the high intensity proton beam up to 3 MeV. The repetition rate is tuned between 1 and 5 Hz. Under these conditions, the beam power after the RFQ is lower than 100 W. At the end of 2017, the 352 MHz RFQ conditioning has been completed (with the same duty cycle) and the proton beam has been accelerated. The increase of the beam power is expected to continue in 2018 in order to reach several kilowatts by the end of the year. In addition, two Ionization beam Profile Monitors (IPM) developed for ESS have been tested on the deviated beam line with a very low duty cycle. The IPHI facility should demonstrate the possibility to produce neutrons with a flexible compact accelerator in the framework of the SONATE project. This paper presents the status of the IPHI project in April 2018.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-TUPAF016
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TUPAF018	Characterization of Automatic Frequency Control systems for S-band Proton LINAC "TOP-IMPLART"	DTL, controls, proton, linac	701
	G. Bazzano, P. Nenzi, L. Picardi, C. Ronsivalle, M. Vadrucci ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
	The TOP-IMPLART (Intensity Modulated Proton Linear Accelerator for RadioTherapy) proton linear accelerator is under development at ENEA-Frascati. It is composed by a 7 MeV, 425 MHz injector followed by a sequence of 2997.92 MHz accelerating modules. Four 10 MW klystrons will be used to power all high frequency structures up to a beam energy of 150 MeV. The first section, consisting of 4 SCDTL modules (7 to 35 MeV), is operational at low repetition rate (up to 50 Hz). Whereas beam acceleration is effective even without closed loop control, to ensure high beam current stability the resonance frequency variation must be kept for each SDCTL module within few kHz. This is achieved implementing an automatic frequency control (AFC) loop that detects structure detuning caused by thermal drifts and produce an error signal fed to a tuning motor. A prototype of an AFC custom solution, derived from a medical electron linac, has been tested on TOP-IMPLART accelerator. This was originally designed for magnetron frequency tuning with much larger frequency span. Other AFC systems with different components have been evaluated in order to reach the high required resolution.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-TUPAF018
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TUPAF029	Observation of Fast Losses in the LHC Operation in 2017	operation, betatron, beam-losses, monitoring	740
	A.A. Gorzawski, N. Fuster-Martínez, S. Redaelli, C. Xu, C. Zamantzas CERN, Geneva, Switzerland R.B. Appleby UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom H. Garcia Morales Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
	Four diamond detectors that provide beam loss measurements with time resolution in the nanosecond range were added in the vicinity of the primary collimators of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This is a powerful diagnostic tool that provides the unique chance to measure bunch-by-bunch losses. The operation of the LHC in 2017 presented several unusual events of fast, high intensity beam losses, many of them captured by the diamond detectors in the betatron cleaning region. In this paper we review some of the relevant loss cases that were analyzed in the wider scope of determining the source of the instability generating these losses. We show few of the possible applications of this detectors in daily operations.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-TUPAF029
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TUPAF041	Residual Gas Ions Characterization from the REXEBIS	ISOL, rfq, experiment, electron	784
	N. Bidault, M.L. Lozano, J.A. Rodriguez CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The Isotope mass Separator On-Line DEvice (ISOLDE) is a user facility located at CERN where Radioactive Ion Beams (RIBs) are produced from proton collisions onto a target, mass separated and transported to user experimental stations either directly at low energy or after being post- accelerated, notably for nuclear physics studies. Prior to acceleration through the REX/HIE-ISOLDE linear acceler- ator, the ion beam is accumulated, bunched and cooled in a Penning trap (REXTRAP) and afterwards charge-bred in an Electron Beam Ion Source (REXEBIS). Multi-charged radioactive species of interest are then selected by a mass-to- charge (A/q) ratio separator dipole in the Low Energy Beam Transfer Line (LEBT). A method is presented to character- ize the Residual Gas Ion (RGI) background contamination for diﬀerent operational conditions of the REXEBIS. More particularly, a discussion is held about the inﬂuence of the conﬁnement time inside the charge-breeder on the residual gas spectrum. Finally, a method to identify sub-pico-Ampere contaminants is demonstrated.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-TUPAF041
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TUPAF042	Characterization of the Beam Energy Spread at the REX/HIE-ISOLDE Linac	cavity, ISOL, linac, experiment	787
	M.L. Lozano, N. Bidault, E. Fadakis, M.A. Fraser, E. Matli, J.A. Rodriguez CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	ISOLDE is an on-line radioactive isotope separator located at CERN that works by colliding protons accelerated in the PS Booster into a fixed target and by separating the resultant ionized isotopes using a magnetic separator. The completion of the HIE-ISOLDE superconducting linac allows the acceleration of these ions to energy levels that were not reachable before, opening the door to new experiments in different fields. These experiments often have special requirements in terms of beam intensity and purity, transverse emittance or energy spread. A possible way to reduce the energy spread of the beam delivered to the experimental stations is to use one or more of the superconducting cavities as bunchers. The main results of several tests conducted during the last beam commissioning campaign prove that this mode of operation is feasible and will be presented in this paper.
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TUPAF043	Testing the Double-Crystal Setup for Physics Beyond Colliders Experiments in the UA9-SPS Experiment	experiment, proton, collimation, target	790
	S. Montesano CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Funding: on behalf of the UA9 Collaboration The UA9 experiment is installed in the CERN SPS to study how coherent interaction in crystalline materials can be used to steer particles beams. Recently, new experiments requiring complex beam manipulations by means of crystals have been proposed in the framework of the Physics Beyond Colliders study group at CERN. In particular, it was proposed to use a first crystal to direct protons from the LHC beam halo on a target placed in the beam pipe and to use a second crystal to deflect the particles produced in the target (double-crystal setup), allowing to measure their polarization. The layout of the UA9 experiment in the CERN SPS has been modified to study the feasibility of the proposed scenario and its compatibility with the delicate environment of a superconducting collider. A first set of measurements was performed in 2017 proving that the protons deflected by the first crystal can be intercepted and successfully deflected by a second crystal. A further upgrade of the experiment in 2018 will allow measuring more precisely the combined efficiency of the two crystals and the beam-induced background.
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TUZGBE2	Final-focus Superconducting Magnets for SuperKEKB	solenoid, quadrupole, MMI, operation	1215
	N. Ohuchi, K.A. Aoki, Y. Arimoto, M.K. Kawai, T. Kawamoto, H. Koiso, Y. Kondo, M. Masuzawa, A. Morita, S. Nakamura, Y. Ohnishi, Y. Ohsawa, T. Oki, H. Sugimoto, K. Tsuchiya, R. Ueki, X. Wang, H. Yamaoka, Z.G. Zong KEK, Ibaraki, Japan M. Anerella, J. Escallier, A.K. Jain, A. Marone, B. Parker, P. Wanderer BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA J. DiMarco, T.G. Gardner, J.M. Nogiec, M.A. Tartaglia, G. Velev Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA T.-H. Kim Mitsubishi Electric Corp, Advanced Technology R & D Center, Hyogo, Japan
	The SuperKEKB collider aims at 40 times higher luminosity than that achieved at KEKB, based on the nano-beam scheme. The vertical beta function at the interaction point will be squeezed to 300μmeter. Final-focus superconducting magnet system which consists of eight main quadrupole magnets, 43 corrector windings, and compensation solenoids is a key component to achieve high luminosity. This invited talk presents the construction and commissioning of the final-focus magnet system.
	Slides TUZGBE2 [4.235 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-TUZGBE2
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TUPMF082	FLASHForward: DOOCS Control System for a Beam-Driven Plasma-Wakefield Acceleration Experiment	controls, laser, timing, hardware	1460
	S. Karstensen, S. Bohlen, J. Dale, M. Dinter, J.M. Müller, P. Niknejadi, J. Osterhoff, K. Poder, P. Pourmoussavi, V. Rybnikov, L. Schaper, B. Schmidt, J.-P. Schwinkendorf, B. Sheeran, G.E. Tauscher, S. Thiele, S. Wesch, P. Winkler DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The FLASHForward project at DESY is an innovative beam-driven plasma-wakefield acceleration experiment integrated in the FLASH facility, aiming to accelerate electron beams to GeV energies over a few centimetres of ionised gas. These accelerated beams are tested for their capability to demonstrate exponential free-electron laser gain; achievable only through rigorous analysis of both the driver and witness beam's phase space. The thematic priority covered in here the control system part of FLASHForward. To be able to control, read out and save data from the diagnostics into DAQ, the DOOCS control system has been integrated into FLASH Forward. Laser beam control, over 70 cameras, ADCs, timing system and motorised stages are combined into the one DOOCS control system as well as vacuum and magnet controls. Micro TCA for Physics (MTCA.4) is the solid basic computing system, supported from high power workstations for camera read-out and normal Linux computers.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-TUPMF082
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TUPML067	Recent Results from the Study of Emittance Evolution in MICE	emittance, solenoid, experiment, lattice	1699
	V. Blackmore Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
	Funding: STFC, DOE, NSF, INFN, and CHIPP The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) has measured the evolution of emittance due to ionization energy loss. Muons were focused onto an absorber using a large aperture solenoid. Lithium-hydride and liquid hydrogen-absorbers have been studied. Diagnostic devices were placed upstream and downstream of the focus, enabling the phase-space coordinates of individual muons to be reconstructed. By observing the properties of ensembles of muons, the change in beam emittance was measured. Data taken during 2016 and 2017 are currently under study to evaluate the change in emittance due to the absorber for muon beams with various initial emittance, momenta, and settings of the magnetic lattice. The current status and the most recent results of these analyses will be presented.
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TUPML068	The European Spallation Source Neutrino Super Beam Design Study	proton, linac, target, neutron	1702
	M. Dracos IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
	Funding: This project is now supported by the COST Action CA15139/EuroNuNet and EU/H2020 innovation programme ESSnuSB under grant agreement No 777419. ESSnuSB proposes to use the proton linac of the European Spallation Source (ESS) currently in construction in Lund (Sweden) to produce a very intense neutrino super beam, in parallel with the spallation neutron production. The ESS linac is expected to be operational by 2023 delivering 5 MW average power, 2 GeV proton beam, with 2.86 ms long pulses at a rate of 14 Hz. The primary proton beam-line completing the linac will consist of an accumulator ring to compress the beam pulses to 1.3 μs and a switchyard to distribute the protons onto the target station. The secondary beam-line producing neutrinos will consist of a four-horn/target station, a decay tunnel and a beam dump. A megaton scale water Cherenkov detector will be located at a baseline of about 500 km in one of the existing mines in Sweden and it will measure the neutrino oscillations. ESSnuSB was recently granted by the European H2020-INFRADEV program to start beginning of 2018 a 4-year design study on the feasibility of such facility. This paper presents the objectives, the steps and the organization of the ESSnuSB DS.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-TUPML068
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WEPAF005	A Fast Beam Interlock System for the Advanced Photon Source Particle Accumulator Ring	radiation, photon, operation, shielding	1815
	J.C. Dooling, M. Borland, K.C. Harkay, R.T. Keane, B.J. Micklich, C. Yao ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Of- fice of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. A fast beam interlock system for the Advanced Photon Source (APS) Particle Accumulator Ring (PAR) based on the detection of Cerenkov light is proposed for high-charge operations associated with the APS Upgrade (APS-U). Light is generated from lost electrons passing through high-purity, fused-silica fiber optic cable. The cable acts as both radiator and light pipe to a Pb-shielded photomultiplier tube. Results from a prototype installation along the PAR south wall have shown excellent sensitivity, linearity, and reproducibility after 10,000 hours of operation to date with little change in the optical transmission of the fiber. High sensitivity allows more accurate measurement of low-level loss than possible with current monitors. The radiator and detector provide a much faster response than the installed gamma or neutron detectors. A faster, more accurate response to electron loss will be important as we run with higher charge and consider operating at increased energy for APS-U. Initial calibration measurements of the prototype system with radiation monitors for various loss scenarios are discussed. Comparison of the scenarios with simulations are presented.
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WEPAF006	Fast Photodetector Bunch Duration Monitor for the Advanced Photon Source Particle Accumulator Ring	laser, synchrotron, linac, photon	1819
	J.C. Dooling, J.R. Calvey, K.C. Harkay, B.X. Yang, C. Yao ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. A fast photodetector is used to monitor the bunch duration in the Advanced Photon Source (APS) Particle Accumulator Ring (PAR). The Bunch Duration Monitor (BDM) diagnostic provides an accurate measure of the PAR bunch length. PAR BDM data show good agreement with streak camera measurements. The BDM is based on the metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetector Hamamatsu G4176-03 MSM with specified rise and fall times of 30 ps. The BDM has sufficient frequency response to resolve the PAR bunch near extraction where, under low-charge conditions, minimum rms pulse durations of 200-300 ps are observed. Beam from the PAR is injected into the Booster; for efficient capture, injected rms bunch duration from the PAR must be less than 600 ps. The MSM detector exhibits a ringing response to fast input signals. To overcome this, the BDM output is de-convolved with the impulse response function of the detector-amplifier circuit. Turn-by-turn bunch duration data is presented versus charge and time in the PAR cycle. Charge calibration is used to determine fit parameters for bunch duration measurements in peak-detection mode. Observations relevant to APS Upgrade high-charge studies are presented.
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WEPAF025	Fast Intensity Monitor Based on Channeltron Electron Multiplier	electron, electronics, proton, high-voltage	1873
	G.M.A. Calvi, V. Lante, L. Lanzavecchia, G. Magro, A. Parravicini, E. Rojatti, C. Viviani CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy
	The paper concerns the Fast Intensity Monitor (FIM) designed for the CNAO (Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica), the Italian facility of Oncological Hadrontherapy. The FIM detector has been designed with the purpose of having a continuous and non-destructive measurement of the beam intensity in the High Energy Beam Transfer (HEBT) line. The passage of the beam through a thin aluminum foil produces secondary electrons whose yield depends on beam species (protons or carbon ions), intensity and energy. Secondary electrons are focused on the Channeltron Electron Multiplier (CEM) input, multiplied and sensed over a precision resistor. In order to minimize the perturbation to the beam, the foil is grounded and the read out electronics is floating. This makes electronics design harder but it is a key point to make FIM use possible continuously even during patients treatment. Measurements performed with the FIM are discussed and checked against reference detectors.
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WEPAF026	Beam Induced Fluorescence Measurements of 100 keV Deuterons in LIPAc Accelerator	electron, injection, plasma, emittance	1877
	R. Varela, A. Guirao, L.M. Martínez, J. Mollá, I. Podadera CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain T. Akagi, R. Ichimiya, Y. Ikeda, M. Sugimoto QST, Aomori, Japan B. Bolzon, N. Chauvin CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France P. Cara Fusion for Energy, Garching, Germany H. Dzitko F4E, Germany J. Knaster IFMIF/EVEDA, Rokkasho, Japan
	Funding: Work partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under project FIS2013-40860-R The LIPAc accelerator will be a linear CW deuteron accelerator capable of delivering a 9 MeV, 125 mA beam which aims to validate the technology that will be used in the future high power accelerator-driven neutron source, IFMIF. In summer 2017 a campaign of measurements was done during the injector commissioning, in which a Fluorescence Profile Monitor based on an Intensified CID camera (ICID) was used to measure the beam transverse profile at the extraction of the ion source. In this contribution we review the design of the ICID, its performance and discuss the measurements carried out. The performance of ICID monitors for its use in future accelerators will be assessed.
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WEPAF035	Coherent Diffraction Radiation Imaging as an RMS Bunch Length Monitor	radiation, FEL, target, experiment	1895
	J. Wolfenden, R.B. Fiorito, C.P. Welsch Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom R.B. Fiorito, C.P. Welsch, J. Wolfenden The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom T.H. Pacey, T.H. Pacey UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom A.G. Shkvarunets UMD, College Park, Maryland, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by the EU under Grant Agreement No. 624890 and the STFC Cockcroft Institute core Grant No. ST/G008248/1. High-resolution bunch length measurement is of the utmost importance for current and future generations of light sources and linacs. It is also key to the optimisation of the final beam quality in plasma-based acceleration. We present progress in the development of a novel RMS bunch length monitor based on imaging the coherent diffraction radiation (CDR) produced by a non-invasive circular aperture. Due to the bunch lengths involved, the radiation produced is in the THz range. This has led to the development of a novel THz imaging system, which can be applied to low energy electron beams. For high energy beams the imaging system can be used as a single shot technique. Simulation results show that the profile of a CDR image of a beam is sensitive to bunch length and can thus be used as a diagnostic. The associated benefits of this imaging distribution methodology over the typical angular distribution measurement are discussed. Plans for experiments conducted at the SwissFEL (PSI, Switzerland), along with plans for future high energy single shot measurements are also presented.
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WEPAF043	Commissioning and Long-Term Results of a Fully-Automated Pulse-Based Optical Timing Distribution System at Dalian Coherent Light Source	timing, laser, electron, operation	1909
	H.P.H. Cheng, A. Berlin, E. Cano, A. Dai, J. Derksen, D. Forouher, W. Nasimzada, M. Neuhaus, P. Schiepel, E. Seibel, K. Shafak Cycle GmbH, Hamburg, Germany Z. Chen, H.L. Ding, Z.G. He, Y.H. Tian, G.R. Wu DICP, Dalian, People's Republic of China F.X. Kärtner Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY) and Center for Free Electron Science (CFEL), Hamburg, Germany B. Liu, X.Q. Liu SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
	New generation light sources such as X-ray free-electron lasers* and attoscience centers require high demand for timing synchronization, on the order of few femtoseconds or below, to generate ultrashort X-ray pulses that enables attosecond temporal and subatomic spatial resolution. The challenge in achieving this scientific dream lies in part in a reliable, high-precision timing distribution system that can synchronize various optical and microwave sources across multi-km distances with good long-term stability. It was shown that the pulsed-optical timing distribution system can deliver sub-fs long-term timing precision between remotely synchronized lasers and microwave sources in laboratory environment.* We present the latest results from the commissioning of China's first multi-link pulse-based optical timing distribution system (TDS) installed at Dalian Coherent Light Source. Long term operating results of the fully-automated polarization-maintaining TDS, as well as lessons learned and recommendations for future improvements, are presented, including performance of the timing-stabilized PM fiber links, microwave end-stations and ultrafast laser synchronization end-stations. http://www.xfel.eu/news/2017/european_xfel_generates_its_first_laser_light G. Mourou and T. Tajima, Science, 331, pp. 41-42, 2011. **M. Xin et al., Light Sci. Appl., 6, e16187, 2017.
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WEPAF047	Status and Commissioning of the Wire Scanner System for the European XFEL	FEL, undulator, MMI, emittance	1919
	T. Lensch, S. Liu DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The European-XFEL (E-XFEL) is an X-ray Free Electron Laser facility located in Hamburg (Germany). The superconducting accelerator for up to 17.5 GeV electrons will provide photons simultaneously to several user stations. Currently 12 Wire Scanner stations are used to image transverse beam profiles in the high energy sections. These scanners provide a slow scan mode which is currently used to measure beam emittance and beam halo distributions. When operating with long bunch trains (>100 bunches) also fast scans are planned to measure beam sizes in an almost nondestructive manner. This paper describes the current installations and the latest developments of the system at European-XFEL. Furthermore, the commissioning status of the system and first results of beam halo studies will be shown.
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WEPAF060	Non-Invasive Bunch Length Diagnostics for High Intensity Beams	radiation, electron, real-time, simulation	1964
	S.V. Kuzikov, S.P. Antipov Euclid TechLabs, LLC, Solon, Ohio, USA S.V. Kuzikov, A.A. Vikharev IAP/RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
	Modern particle accelerators utilize photoinjectors and compression schemes to produce short high peak current electron bunches for various applications like x-ray free electron lasers, high gradient beam driven acceleration and others. Bunch length detection is a desired diagnostics for such machines. In this paper we describe a non-invasive, real-time detector which can be retrofitted into an existing beamline and measure the bunch length in real time using interferometric methods. Diffraction radiation is the mechanism to be used to produce a measurable signal without intercepting the beam. This became possible as sensitivity of pyrodetectors improved over the years, while peak beam power grew. For high peak current beams there is a possibility of a single shot measurement. This can be done with a pair of closely placed vacuum breaks that create a spatial correlation of the generated signals which can be measured by a pyro-detector array or a THz camera. The bunch length is determined from the correlation data using an iterative beam profile recovery algorithm.
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WEPAF067	Alignment and Monitoring Systems for Accelerators and Experiments Based on BCAM - First Results and Benefits of Systems Developed for ATLAS, LHCb and HIE-ISOLDE	alignment, monitoring, ISOL, target	1983
	J. Gayde, B. Di Girolamo, Y. Kadi, G. Kautzmann, F. Klumb, R. Lindner, D. Mergelkuhl, L. Pontecorvo, M. Raymond, P. Sainvitu, E. Thomas CERN, Geneva, Switzerland F. Blanc, P. Stefko EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
	In the last few years alignment and monitoring systems based on BCAM* cameras active sensors, or their HBCAM evolution, have been developed at the request of the Technical Coordination of LHC experiments and HIE-ISOLDE facility Project Leader. ADEPO (ATLAS DEtector POsition) has been designed to speed up the precise closure - 0.3 mm - of large detector parts representing in total ~2500 tons. For LHCb a system has been studied and installed to monitor the positions of the Inner Tracker stations during the LHCb dipole magnet cycles. The MATHILDE (Monitoring and Alignment Tracking for HIE-ISOLDE) system has been developed to fulfil the alignment and monitoring needs for components of the LINAC enclosed in successive Cryo-Modules. These systems have been in each case configured and adapted to the objectives and environmental conditions: low space for integration; presence of magnetic fields; exposure to non-standard environmental conditions such as high vacuum and cryogenic temperatures. After a short description of the different systems and of the environmental constraints, this paper summarizes their first results, performances and their added value. * BCAM: Brandeis CCD Angle Monitor, http://alignment.hep.brandeis.edu/Devices/BCAM/
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WEPAF074	Non-invasive Beam Diagnostics with Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation	photon, radiation, electron, plasma	2005
	T. Lefèvre, M. Bergamaschi, O.R. Jones, R. Kieffer, S. Mazzoni CERN, Geneva, Switzerland L.Y. Bartnik, M.G. Billing, Y.B.P. Bordlemay Padilla, J.V. Conway, M.J. Forster, J.P. Shanks, S. Wang Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA M. Bergamaschi, P. Karataev Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom V.V. Bleko, A.S. Konkov, J.S. Markova, A. Potylitsyn TPU, Tomsk, Russia L. Bobb DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom K. Lekomtsev JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
	Based on recent measurements of incoherent Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation (ChDR) performed on the Cornell Electron Storage Ring, we present here a concept for the centering of charged particle beams when passing close to dielectric material. This would find applications as beam instrumentation in dielectric capillary tubes, typically used in novel accelerating technologies, as well as in collimators using bent crystals for high-energy, high-intensity hadron beams, such as the Large Hadron Collid-er or Future Circular Collider. As a charged particle beam travels at a distance of a few mm or less from the surface of a dielectric material, incoherent ChDR is produced inside the dielectric. The photons are emitted at a large and well-defined angle that allows their detection with a limited contribution of background light. A set of ChDR detectors distributed around a dielectric would enable both the beam position and tilt angle to be measured with a good resolution.
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WEPAK001	Intense Neutrino Source Front End Beam Diagnostics System R&D	cavity, plasma, target, hadron	2077
	K. Yonehara, M.D. Balcazar, A. Moretti, A.V. Tollestrup, A.C. Watts, R.M. Zwaska Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA M.A. Cummings, A. Dudas, R.P. Johnson, G.M. Kazakevich, M.L. Neubauer Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Fermilab Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 and DOE STTR Grant, No. DE-SC0013795. We overview the front end beam diagnostic system R&D to prepare operation of a multi-MW proton beam for intensity frontier Neutrino experiments. One of critical issues is shorter life time of a detector with higher beam intensity due to radiation damage. We show a possible improvement of the existing ion chamber based detector, and a study of a conceptually new radiation-robust detector which is based on a gas-filled RF resonator.
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WEPAK004	Beam Instrumentation for CRYRING@ESR	injection, instrumentation, rfq, hardware	2084
	A. Reiter, C. Andre, H. Bräuning, C. Dorn, P. Forck, R. Haseitl, T. Hoffmann, W. Kaufmann, N. Kotovski, P. Kowina, K. Lang, R. Lonsing, P.B. Miedzik, T. Milosic, A. Petit, H. Reeg, C. Schmidt, M. Schwickert, T. Sieber, R. Singh, G. Vorobjev, B. Walasek-Höhne, M. Witthaus GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	We present the beam instrumentation of CRYRING@ESR, a low-energy experiment facility at the GSI Helmholtz-Centre for heavy ion research. The 1.44 Tm synchrotron and storage ring, formerly hosted at the Manne Siegbahn laboratory in Stockholm, Sweden, was modified in its configuration and installed behind the existing ESR, the experimental storage ring. As the first machine within the ongoing FAIR project, the facility for antiproton and ion research, it is built on the future timing system and frameworks for data supply and acquisition. Throughout the past year CRYRING was commissioned including its electron cooler with hydrogen beams from the local linear accelerator. Storage, acceleration and cooling have been demonstrated. The contribution provides an overview of the beam instrumentation. The design of the detector systems and their current performance are presented. Emphasis is given to beam position monitors, detectors for intensity measurements, and the ionization profile monitors.
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WEPAL011	iPipe: An Innovative Fiber Optic Monitoring System for Beam Induced Heating on Accelerator Pipes	monitoring, experiment, radiation, operation	2166
	F. Fienga, S. Buontempo, M.R. Masullo INFN-Napoli, Napoli, Italy A. Ball, N. Beni, B. Salvant, W. Zeuner CERN, Geneva, Switzerland G. Breglio, A. Irace University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy Z. Szillasi ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary V.G. Vaccaro Naples University Federico II and INFN, Napoli, Italy
	The iPipe project consists in the instrumentation, with Fiber Bragg Grating sensors (FBGs), of the beam pipe of the CMS experiment, which is part of the LHC. Being spectrally encoded, the FBGs are not sensitive to electromagnetic interference and broadband-radiation-induced losses. These characteristics allow to realize long distance punctual sensing systems, capable to operate in harsh environments like the underground experimental and accelerator facilities at CERN. The iPipe secures the measurement of any deformation induced on the central beam pipe by any motion in the CMS detector due to element displacement or to magnetic field induced deformations. Moreover, the iPipe FBG temperature sensors represent a unique solution to monitor the beam pipe thermal behavior during the various operational and maintenance phases. This paper reports the use of the iPipe to measure the beam induced heating on the CMS vacuum chamber throughout 2016 and 2017. A first comparison between the measurements and the heat load predicted from beam induced RF heating due to the coupling impedance of the CMS pipe is also reported.
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WEPAL019	A Novel Field Cage Design for the CPS IPM and Systematic Errors in Beam Size and Emittance	electron, cathode, extraction, emittance	2193
	K. Satou J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan D. Bodart, S. Levasseur, G. Schneider, J.W. Storey CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Sapinski GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	An ionization profile monitor has been recently installed in the CERN proton synchrotron. We design a novel and simple structure field cage that suppresses the secondary electrons that are induced by the ionized ions. We discuss a field cage design, and the systematic error on the basis of beam size and emittance, considering the non-uniformity of the fields, the space-charge effect of the beam, and the lattice parameter errors.
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WEPAL034	Bunch Length Measurements Using Coherent Smith-Purcell Radiation With Several Gratings at CLIO	booster, radiation, laser, experiment	2239
	N. Delerue, S. Jenzer, V. Khodnevych, A. Migayron LAL, Orsay, France J.P. Berthet, N. Jestin, J.-M. Ortega, R. Prazeres CLIO/ELISE/LCP, Orsay, France
	Funding: Financially supported by the Université Paris-Sud (programme "attractivité"), by the French ANR (contract ANR-12-JS05-0003-01) and by IN2P3. Coherent Smith Purcell radiation allows the measurement of a beam longitudinal profile through the study of the emission spectrum of the radiation emitted when a grating is brought close from the beam. In order to increase the dynamic range of our measurements we have used several gratings and we report on the measured bunch form factor using this technique. We report on these measurements and on the background rejection used.
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WEPAL038	First Tests of Superkekb Fast Luminosity Monitors During 2018 Phase-2 Commissioning	luminosity, monitoring, simulation, feedback	2254
	C.G. Pang, P. Bambade, S. Di Carlo, D. Jehanno, V. Kubytskyi, Y. Peinaud, C. Rimbault LAL, Orsay, France Y. Funakoshi, S. Uehara KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	The SuperKEKB e⁺e^- collider aims to reach a very high luminosity of 8× 10³⁵ cm^-2s^-1, by using highly focused ultra-low emittance bunches colliding every 4 ns, it is essential to have an orbit feedback system at the Interaction Point (IP) to maintain the optimum overlap between two colliding beams. Luminosity monitoring systems including LumiBelle2 and ZDLM as input to dithering feedback system used to stabilize the horizontal orbit at the IP were developed and will be described, including the detectors, mechanical set-up, DAQ. Preliminary measurements and analysis of background and first stage luminosity monitoring data collected will be reported and compared with simulation.
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WEPAL065	Development of a Gas Sheet Beam Profile Monitor for IOTA	simulation, space-charge, proton, plasma	2326
	S. Szustkowski, B.T. Freemire Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA S. Chattopadhyay Northern Illinois Univerity, DeKalb, Illinois, USA D.J. Crawford Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: US Department of Energy, Office of High Energy Physics, General Accelerator Research and Development (GARD) Program A nitrogen gas sheet will measure the two dimensional transverse profile of the 2.5 MeV proton beam in IOTA. The beam lifetime is limited by the interaction with the gas, thus a minimally invasive instrument is required. To produce a gas sheet with the desired density and thickness, various nozzle types are being investigated, including rectangular capillary tubes for gas injection and skimmers for final shaping of the gas. It is essential to meet vacuum requirements in the interaction chamber while maintaining the precise thickness and density of the gas, without significantly affecting the beam lifetime. The current design of a gas sheet beam profile monitor and present status will be discussed.
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WEPAL072	A Novel Longitudinal Laserwire to Non-Invasively Measure 6-Dimensional Bunch Parameters at High Current Hydrogen Ion Accelerators	laser, emittance, linac, simulation	2349
	S.M. Gibson, A. Bosco Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom S.E. Alden, A. Bosco, S.M. Gibson JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom A.P. Letchford STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom J.K. Pozimski Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom J.K. Pozimski STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	Funding: We acknowledge funding by the STFC Grant ST/P003028/1 and the John Adams Institute at Royal Holloway, University of London. Optical methods for non-invasive beam diagnostics of high current H⁻ ion accelerators have been developed in recent years, . Such laserwires typically measure a 1D beam profile and/or 2D transverse emittance from the products of photo-detached ions as a laser beam is scanned across the H⁻ beam. For laser pulse durations (~80ns) longer than the RF period (~3ns), the detector integrates many complete bunches, enabling only transverse beam monitoring. This paper presents a new technique to capture a series of time resolved transverse emittance measurements along the bunch train. A fast (~10ps) pulsed laser photo-detaches ions within each bunch and is synchronized to sample consecutive bunches at certain longitudinal positions along each bunch. A fast detector records the spatial distribution and time-of-flight of the neutralized H⁰, thus both the transverse and longitudinal emittance are reconstructed. We present simulations of a time varying pulsed laser field interacting within an H⁻ bunch, and estimate the yield, spatial and time distributions of H⁰ arriving at the detector. We summarise the design of a recently funded longitudinal laserwire being installed in FETS at RAL, UK. NIM-A, 830, p526-531, T. Hofmann et al ** T. Hofmann et al, 'Commissioning of the Operational Laser Emittance Monitors for LINAC4 at CERN' IPAC18.
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WEPAL074	Commissioning of the Operational Laser Emittance Monitors for LINAC4 at CERN	laser, electron, emittance, linac	2357
	T. Hofmann, G.E. Boorman, A. Bosco, S.M. Gibson Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom F. Roncarolo CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	A laser-based emittance monitor has been developed to non-invasively measure the transverse emittance of the LINAC4 H⁻ beam at its top energy of 160MeV. After testing several sub-systems of the instrument during linac commissioning at intermediate energies, two instruments are now permanently installed. These instruments use a pulsed laser beam delivered to the accelerator tunnel by optical fibres before final focusing onto the H⁻ beam. The photons in the laser pulse detach electrons from the H⁻ ions, which can then be deflected into an electron multiplier. In addition, the resulting neutral H⁰ atoms can be separated from the main beam by a dipole magnet before being recorded by downstream diamond strip-detectors. By scanning the laser in the horizontal and vertical plane the beam profiles are obtained from the electron signals and the emittance can be reconstructed by the H⁰ profiles at the diamond detectors. This paper describes the final system layout that consists of two independent instruments, each measuring profile and emittance of the H⁻ beam in the horizontal and vertical plane and discusses the preliminary commissioning results.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAL074
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WEPAL075	Time-Resolved Transverse Beam Profile Measurements with a Rest Gas Ionisation Profile Monitor Based on Hybrid Pixel Detectors	electron, background, proton, site	2361
	S. Levasseur, S.M. Gibson Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom W. Bertsche, H. Sandberg UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom D. Bodart, A. Huschauer, G. Schneider, J.W. Storey, R. Veness CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Sapinski GSI, Darmstadt, Germany K. Satou J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
	A novel rest gas ionisation profile monitor which aims to provide continuous, bunch-by-bunch and turn-by-turn measurement of the transverse beam profile has recently been in- stalled in the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS) as part of the LHC Injector Upgrade (LIU) project. The instrument consists of an electric drift field to transport ionisation electrons produced by beam-gas interaction onto a measurement plane, and a magnetic field to maintain the transverse position of the ionisation electrons. The electron detector located at the measurement plane is based on four in-vacuum hybrid pixel detectors. The detectors record the position, time and energy of single ionisation electrons with unprecedented precision compared to traditional MCP based techniques. Continuous transverse beam profile measurements for LHC-type beams in the PS will be presented, demonstrating the unique capabilities of the instrument to provide new insights into beam dynamics throughout the acceleration cycle.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAL075
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WEPMF017	Options for the Spectrometer Magnet of the eRHIC IR	dipole, hadron, shielding, septum	2401
	H. Witte, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Presently the electron-ion collider eRHIC is under design, which aims to provide a facility with a peak luminosity of 10³⁴cm^-2sec^-1. This paper outlines different concepts for the so-called B0 magnet, which is the first bending magnet after the interaction region. The B0 magnet has to provide a 1.3 T dipole field to the hadron beam, while the nearby electron beam should not be exposed to any field. Several possible solutions have been evaluated, each with their specific strengths and shortcomings. This paper presents an overview of the solutions.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPMF017
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WEPMF032	Experimental Studies on Secondary Electron Emission Characteristics for Chamber Materials of Accelerators	electron, experiment, vacuum, neutron	2425
	Y. Jiao, Z. Duan, W.B. Liu, Y.D. Liu IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China Liu. S. Liu Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), People's Republic of China P.C. Wang DNSC, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
	Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China (11275221) and Key Laboratory Foundation of Particle Acceleration Physics &Technology (Y5294106TD) Secondary electron emission (SEE) of surface is origin of multipacting effect which could seriously deteriorate beam quality and even perturb the normal operation of particle accelerators. Experimental measurements on secondary electron yield (SEY) on different materials and coating have been developed in many accelerator laboratory. In fact, the SEY is just one parameter of secondary electron emission characteristics which include spatial and energy distribution of emitted electrons. A novel experimental apparatus was set up in China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) and innovative measurement methods were applied to obtain the whole characteristics of SEE. With some traditional accelerator chamber materials such as Cu, Al, TiN, SEY dependence on primary electron energy and beam injection angle, spatial and energy distribution of emitted secondary electrons were achieved with this measurement apparatus. This contribution also tries to give all the experimental results a reasonable theoretical analysis.
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WEPMF079	Experimental Modal Analysis of Lightweight Structures used in Particle Detectors: Optical non-contact Method	laser, experiment, operation, GUI	2565
	M. Guinchard, M. Angeletti, F.B. Boyer, A. Catinaccio, C.G. Gargiulo, L.L. Lacny, E.L. Laudi, L.S. Scislo CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	CERN's specialized structures such as particle detectors are built to have high rigidity and low weight, which comes at a cost of their high fragility. Shock and vibration issues are a key element for their successful transport, handling operations around the CERN infra-structure, as well as for their operation underground. The experimental modal analysis measurement technique is performed to validate the Finite Element Analysis in the case of complex structures (with cables and substructure coupling). In the case of lightweight structures, standard contact measurements based on accelerometers are not possible due to the high mass ratio between the accelerometers and the structure itself. In such a case, the vibration of the structure can be calculated based on the Doppler shift of the laser beam reflected off the vibrating surface. This paper details the functioning and application of an advanced laser-scanning vibrometry system, which utilizes the fore-mentioned non-contact method. The results of the Experimental Modal Analysis of selected lightweight structure using this instrument is also presented and discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPMF079
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WEPMF090	Upgrade of the CMS Experimental Beam Vacuum During LS2	vacuum, experiment, operation, luminosity	2596
	J.S. Sestak, G. Bregliozzi, P. Chiggiato, C. Di Paolo CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Starting from December 2018, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is going to interrupt its physic operations for more than two years within the period called second long shutdown (LS2). The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment will undergo the biggest upgrade of its experimental beam vacuum system since the first operations in 2008. The new experimental vacuum layout should comply with demanding structural, vacuum, integration and physics requirements. Moreover, the new layout should be compatible with foreseen engineering changes of the detector and the machine during the upgrade phase of High-Luminosity LHC in LS3. This paper gives an overview of the CMS LS2 experimental vacuum sectors upgrades. Both design and production phase of the new vacuum layout is discussed in detail.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPMF090
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WEPML067	Second Sound Quench Detection on Superconducting Cavities	cavity, site, SRF, superconducting-cavity	2843
	Z.C. Liu, S. Bai, J. Gao, F.S. He, H.Y. Lin, P. Zhang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Second sound is an effective way to detect the quench position on superconducting cavity. A second sound quench site detection system is under developing for the PAPS. High gradient is very important for superconducting cavity, however it may be limited by quench on the cavity high field region. Quench can be caused by various reasons. To locate the position is the key to reveal the mysteries of quench. Now we are developing the quench position detection system by RTD sensors such as Cernox and OST sensors.
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WEPML072	Gas Permeability Measurement of Graphene Films	vacuum, background, experiment, neutron	2856
	P.C. Wang, X. Sun DNSC, Dongguan, People's Republic of China Liu. S. Liu Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), People's Republic of China C. Meng, H. Wang, D.H. Zhu IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Graphene has extremely high strength and thermal conductivity, which can possibly be used for high-power beam window in accelerator. In this paper, gas permeabilities of different graphene films have been measured by the permeation measurement facility. According to the results, the possibility of the graphene-made beam windows will be discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPML072
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THPAK106	400 MHz Frequency/phase Detector and Counter	controls, LLRF, FPGA, TRIUMF	3481
	X.L. Fu, B. Ji, Z.G. Yin, T.J. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China G. Dennison UBC & TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada K. Fong, M.P. Laverty, Q. Zheng TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	To enhance the performance and precision of TRIUMF Low Level RF system, a frequency/phase detector and counter based on FPGA is developed. The frequency/phase detector and counter is designed as a daughter board of the low level RF control system, and is connected to the mother board with mixed signal connectors. It sends the frequency error data to the PC though VXI databus, and provides two analog phase errors outputs. In current design, one single unit supports four channel discriminations of RF frequencies/phases. Preliminary tests show that the reported phase detector has a bandwidth of 400MHz. A unique implementation of frequency discrimination was carefully carried out to ensure the resolution can reach as high as 1Hz. The phase-frequency detector has been successfully applied to the Accelerator Cryo Module (ACM) system and the requirement of the low level RF control system is satisfied. After a long-term running test, the stability and reliability of the phase-frequency detector are verified.
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THPAK140	Pyroelectric Detection of Coherent Radiation on the CLARA Phase 1 Beamline	radiation, electron, dipole, simulation	3577
	B.S. Kyle University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom R.B. Appleby, T.H. Pacey UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom P.H. Williams STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom J. Wolfenden The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
	The impacts of coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) and space charge in the bunch compressor section of the CLARA Free Electron Laser (FEL) are expected to be significant, given the relatively high charge and short bunch lengths expected. The General Particle Tracer (GPT) code allows for the modelling of these effects in tandem, presenting an opportunity to more reliably estimate their effects on the CLARA beam. To provide confidence in future studies using GPT, a benchmarking study on the CLARA Phase 1 beamline is presented alongside relevant simulations. This study will make use of pyroelectric detectors to measure the emitted coherent power of the CLARA beam as it passes through a dispersive section whilst varying the chirp imparted on the bunches longitudinal phase space (LPS). Simulations presented demonstrate the viability of such a study, with energies between ∼ 10-100 nJ per pulse expected to be incident upon the detector face.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPAK140
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THPAL025	New Drift-Tube Linac RF Systems at LANSCE	DTL, controls, LLRF, cavity	3680
	J.T.M. Lyles, R.E. Bratton, M.S. Prokop, D. Rees LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the United States Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Agency, under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. LANSCE has restored the proton drift-tube linac (DTL) to high-power capability after the original RF-power tube manufacturer could no longer supply devices that consistently met our high-average power requirement. Thales TH628L Diacrodes® now supply RF power to three of the four DTL tanks. These tetrodes reused the existing infrastructure including water-cooling systems, coaxial transmission lines, high-voltage power supplies and capacitor banks. Each transmitter uses a combined pair of power amplifiers to produce up to 3- MW peak and 360- kW of mean power. A new intermediate power amplifier was simultaneously developed using a TH781 tetrode. Design and prototype testing of the high-power stages was completed in 2012, with commercialization following in 2013. Each installation was accomplished during a 4 to 5 month beam outage each year from 2014-2016. A new digital low-level RF control system was designed, built and placed into operation in 2016. The interaction of the dual power amplifiers, the I/Q LLRF, and the DTL cavities provided many challenges that were overcome. The replacement RF systems have completely met our accelerator requirements.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPAL025
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THPAL142	Surface Characterization of NbTiN Films for Accelerator Applications	site, SRF, FEL, lattice	3975
	D.R. Beverstock, M.J. Kelley, C.E. Reece, J.K. Spradlin, A-M. Valente-Feliciano JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The development of next-generation SRF cavities requires the deployment of innovative material solutions with RF performance beyond bulk Nb. Theoretical interest has stimulated efforts to grow and characterize thin multi-layer superconductor/insulator/superconductor (SIS) structures for their potential capability of supporting otherwise inaccessible surface magnetic fields in SRF cavities . The ternary B1-compound NbTiN is among the candidate superconducting materials for SIS structures. Single crystal NbTiN films with thicknesses below 15 nm are also of interest for the development of high resolution, high sensitivity (SNSPD) detectors for particle physics application. Using DC reactive magnetron sputtering, NbTiN can be deposited with nominal superconducting parameters. This contribution presents the on-going material surface and superconducting properties characterization in order to optimize the NbTiN films for each application. A Gurevich, "Maximum screening fields of superconducting multilayer structures", AIP ADVANCES 5, 017112 (2015)
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THPMF062	Smith-Purcell Radiation for Bunch Length Measurements at the Injection of MESA	radiation, electron, operation, cavity	4213
	P. Heil IKP, Mainz, Germany K. Aulenbacher HIM, Mainz, Germany
	Funding: Federal Ministry of Education and Research MELBA is a test apparatus for the injector of the energy recovering, superconducting accelerator MESA in Mainz. A chopper-buncher system containing two circularly deflecting cavities and a first and second harmonic buncher cavity have been built. They serve to produce short bunches with a longitudinal extension < 600 μm (one degree of RF-phase) in the longitudinal focus for beam currents of up to 10mA. We intend to use Smith-Purcell Radiation (SPR) to test this arrangement. SPR is generated if a charged particle passes close to a periodic metallic structure, e.g. a grating. The signal has a coherent part which increases its intensity quadratically with the bunch charge if the bunch length is smaller than or comparable to the grating period. Different gratings can be placed below the electron beam to determine the length of the electron bunches. This measurement is non-destructive. The generated THz radiation will be observed with a bolometer cooled down to 4.2K which offers sufficient sensitivity in our regime of operation.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPMF062
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THPMK023	Coherent Transition Radiation Generated from Transverse Electron Density Modulation	radiation, electron, simulation, experiment	4348
	A. Halavanau, P. Piot Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA A.I. Benediktovitch BSU, Minsk, Belarus, Belarus S.N. Galyamin, A.V. Tyukhtin Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia P. Piot Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Coherent Transition radiation (CTR) of a given frequency is commonly generated with longitudinal electron bunch trains. In this paper we present a study of CTR production from electron transverse density modulation. We demonstrate via numerical simulations a simple technique to generate THz-scale frequencies from mm-scale transversely separated electron beamlets. The results and a potential experimental setup are discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPMK023
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THPMK062	Transverse Energy Distribution Measurements for Polycrystalline and (100) Copper Photocathodes with Known Levels of Surface Roughness	cathode, electron, emittance, experiment	4438
	L.B. Jones, B.L. Militsyn, T.C.Q. Noakes STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom L.B. Jones, D.P. Juarez-Lopez, B.L. Militsyn, T.C.Q. Noakes, C.P. Welsch Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom D.P. Juarez-Lopez, C.P. Welsch The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
	Funding: This work is part of EuCARD-2, partly-funded by the European Commission, GA 312453. The minimum achievable emittance in an electron accelerator depends strongly on the intrinsic emittance of the photocathode electron source. This is measureable as the mean longitudinal and transverse energy spreads in the photoemitted electrons. ASTeC's Transverse Energy Spread Spectrometer (TESS)* experimental facility can be used with III-V semiconductor, multi-alkali and metal photocathodes to measure transverse and longitudinal energy distributions. Our R&D facilities also include in-vacuum quantum efficiency measurement, XPS, STM, plus ex-vacuum optical and STM microscopy for surface metrology. Intrinsic emittance is strongly affected by the photocathode surface roughness*, and the development of techniques to manufacture the smoothest photocathode is a priority for the electron source community. We present energy distribution measurements for electrons emitted from copper photocathodes with both defined single-crystal (100) and polycrystalline surfaces with measured levels of surface roughness. Proc. FEL'13, TUPPS033, pp. 290-293. ** Proc. FEL'06, THPPH013, pp. 583-586.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPMK062
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THPMK086	Low Intensity Electron Beam Measurement at SLRI Beam Test Facility	electron, synchrotron, booster, target	4502
	K. Kittimanapun, N. Chanlek, A. Lakrathok, N. Laoiamnongwong SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
	Funding: This work is supported by the National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) under contract FDA-C0-2558-855-TH. The SLRI Beam Test Facility (SLRI-BTF), the latest extension of the existing accelerator complex, has recently been in operation at the Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI). SLRI-BTF is capable of providing electron test beams with desired intensity and energy. By means of a wedge target downstream of the 40-MeV linac, the electron intensity of the test beam produced is variable between a few to millions of electrons per burst. The test beam energy is adjustable from 40 MeV to 1.2 GeV, depending on the acceleration time of the synchrotron booster. SLRI-BTF targets to service electron test beams to the development of the high-energy particle detectors and diagnostic instrumentations. In this paper, the measurement of the low intensity electron beam will be discussed.
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THPMK096	Tuners Alignment on Two 9-Cell Cavities with Single Amplifier under Self-Excited Loop	cavity, TRIUMF, linac, cryomodule	4527
	K. Fong, Z.T. Ang, M.P. Laverty, Q. Zheng TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	The TRIUMF eLinac ACM consists of two 9-cell cavities which are driven by a single klystron. The output power from the klystron are split by a variable power divider and send down 2 independently phase adjustable transmission lines to their respective cryomodules. The vector sum of the fields from both cryomodules is used for phase-locked self-excited loop regulation. A semi-automatic procedure to tune the 2 cyromodules to provide the correct amplitudes and phases for self-excitation as well as beam acceleration is described.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPMK096
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THPMK098	A Tunable Narrowband Source in the Sub-THz and THz Range at DELTA	laser, radiation, electron, storage-ring	4534
	C. Mai, B. Büsing, S. Khan, A. Meyer auf der Heide, B. Riemann, B. Sawadski, P. Ungelenk DELTA, Dortmund, Germany M. Brosi, J.L. Steinmann KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany F. Frei PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland C. Gerth DESY, Hamburg, Germany M. Laabs, N. Neumann TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany N.M. Lockmann University of Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Hamburg, Germany
	Funding: Work supported by the DFG (INST 212/236-1 FUGG), the BMBF (05K13PEC, 05K16PEB) and the state of NRW. At DELTA, a 1.5-GeV electron storage ring operated as a synchrotron light source by the TU Dortmund University, an interaction of ultrashort laser pulses with electron bunches is used to generate broadband as well as tunable narrowband radiation in the frequency range between 75 GHz and 5.6 THz. The performance of the source was studied using two different Fourier-transform spectrometers. It was demonstrated that the source can be used for the characterization and comparison of Schottky-diode based detectors, e.g., an on-chip spectrometer enabling single-shot applications.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPMK098
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THPML021	Individual Acceptance Testing and Comprehensive Testing of NSC KIPT SCA Neutron Source Technological Systems and Equipment	neutron, target, electron, MMI	4696
	A.Y. Zelinsky, O.V. Bykhun, I.M. Karnaukhov, A. Mytsykov, I. Ushakov NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine I. Bolshinsky INL, Idaho Falls, Idaho, USA Y. Gohar ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	During 2016-2017 the installation, assembling and commissioning of the NSC KIPT SCA Neutron Source technological systems were completed. The facility was designed and developed by NSC KIPT of Ukraine in collaboration with ANL of USA. The construction of the neutron source facility was started in 2012. The neutrons of the subcritical assembly are generated by 100 MeV/ 100 kW electron beam uniformly distributed at the surface of the tungsten target. It is supposed that the facility will be used to perform basic and applied nuclear research, produce medical isotopes, and train nuclear specialists. The individual acceptance testing and comprehensive testing were conducted for the technological and engineering systems of the neutron source. The tests were performed in compliance with programs and methodologies agreed by the State Nuclear Regulatory Inspectorate of Ukraine. The testing results confirmed compliance of the equipment with technical specifications, standards, regulations and rules on nuclear and radiation safety and preparedness of these systems for trial operation with the KIPT neutron source. The trial operation of the NSC KIPT SCA 'Neutron Source' has been started.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPML021
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THPML058	Recent Results from MICE on Multiple Coulomb Scattering and Energy Loss	scattering, emittance, acceleration, lepton	4766
	P. Franchini University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
	Funding: STFC, DOE, NSF, INFN, and CHIPP Multiple Coulomb scattering and energy loss are well known phenomena experienced by charged particles as they traverse a material. However, from recent measurements made by the MuScat collaboration, it is known that the available simulation codes (GEANT4, for example) overestimate the scattering of muons in low Z materials. This is of particular interest to the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment* (MICE) collaboration which has the goal of measuring the reduction of the emittance of a muon beam induced by energy loss in low Z absorbers. MICE took data without magnetic field suitable for multiple scattering measurements in the autumn of 2015 with the absorber vessel filled with xenon and in the spring of 2016 using a lithium-hydride absorber. In the autumn of 2016 MICE took data with magnetic fields on and studied the energy loss of muons in a lithium-hydride absorber. These data are all compared with the Bethe-Bloch formula and with the predictions of various models, including the default GEANT4 model. *Submitted by the MICE Speakers bureau, to be prepared and presented by a MICE member to be selected in due course
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPML058
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THPML074	Image Reconstruction Technique Based on Coded Aperture Imaging for SuperKEKB X-ray Beam Size Monitor	optics, synchrotron, luminosity, electron	4819
	E. Mulyani, J.W. Flanagan Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan J.W. Flanagan, H. Fukuma, H. Ikeda, M. Tobiyama KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	The fast reconstruction techniques based on principles originally developed for coded aperture imaging have been investigated for SuperKEKB accelerator. The establishment of this technique will very important for measuring the beam sizes of all 2500 bunches in the SuperKEKB accelerator over thousands of turns, as needed for instability studies and luminosity tuning, due to the vast quantity of data that needs to be processed in a timely manner.
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THPML098	Design of Beam Profile Monitor Used at the Xi'an Proton Application Facility (XiPAF)	proton, radiation, experiment, synchrotron	4892
	D. Wang, Z.M. Wang State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Shannxi, People's Republic of China W. Chen NINT, Xi'an, People's Republic of China P.F. Ma, Y.G. Yang TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China W. Wang Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	A pixel ionization chamber for beam profile monitor (BPrM) is designed and manufactured by a new technology .The detector will be installed on the beam line just upstream of the target device of XiPAF. It has many advantages such as high resolution, high radiation hardness and it can work as a real-time monitor to show the distribution of the delivered relative dose. The physics design and construction of the detector are described in this paper, and its performances are tested offline.
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THPML106	Electron Microscopy Inspired Setup for Single-Shot 4-D Trace Space Reconstruction of Bright Electron Beams	emittance, electron, focusing, experiment	4909
	J. Giner Navarro, D.B. Cesar, P. Musumeci UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA R.W. Aßmann, B. Marchetti, D. Marx DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	Funding: This work has been partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1549132 and Department of Energy under award No. DE-SC0009914. In the development of low charge, single-shot diagnostics for high brightness electron beams, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) grids present certain advantages compared to pepper pot masks due to higher beam transmission. In this paper, we developed a set of criteria to optimize the resolution of a point projection image. However, this configuration of the beam with respect to the grid and detector positions implies the measurement of a strongly correlated phase space which entails a large sensitivity to small measurement errors in retrieving the projected emittance. We discuss the possibility of an alternative scheme by inserting a magnetic focusing system in between the grid and the detector, similar to an electron microscope design, to reconstruct the phase space when the beam is focused on the grid.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPML106
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THPML115	Introduction of the Laser Intensity Measurement System for the FELiChEM	laser, FEL, electron, electronics	4936
	F.L. Gao, L.T. Huang, P. Lu, B.G. Sun, J.G. Wang, F.F. Wu, Y.L. Yang, T.Y. Zhou USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
	The FELiChEM is a new infrared free electron laser (IR-FEL) facility, which is being built in the National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) in Heifei, China. The facility will provide continuously tunable pulsed laser radiation covering the mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength range from 2.5 to 50μm and the far-infrared (FIR) range from 40 to 200μm. The output macro pulsed laser width is 5-10μs and pulsed laser power is 2-10kW. In order to evaluate pulsed laser saturation time and FEL optical cavity losses, the rise time and fall time of macro pulsed laser need to be measured. Laser intensity measurement system for the FELiChEM is being designed. This system is composed of optical system, pyroelectric detector and electronics. Each module will be described in detail in this paper. The laser intensity measurement system was tested under offline and online conditions. The results showed that pulsed laser of 10μs width can be measured and the design requirement can be met with this system.
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THPML130	Applications of a Distributed Beam Loss Monitor at the Australian Synchrotron	storage-ring, synchrotron, target, injection	4986
	P.J. Giansiracusa, T.G. Lucas, R.P. Rassool, M. Volpi The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia M.J. Boland CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada G. LeBlanc SLSA, Clayton, Australia
	A distributed beam loss monitoring system, based on Cherenkov silica fibres, has been installed at the Australian Synchrotron. The fibres are installed parallel to the beam pipe and cover the majority of the injection system and storage ring. Relativistic charged particles from beam loss events that have a velocity above the Cherenkov threshold produce photons in the fibres. These photons are then guided along the fibres to detectors outside of the accelerator tunnels. Originally the system was installed to determine its suitability for measuring losses at a future linear collider, such as the Compact Linear Collider, with single pass 150 ns bunch trains. This study builds on these results and attempts to use the system to measure loss locations with a circulating beam. We present the preliminary results and describe how the system could be improved.
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THPML140	Radiation Monitoring System of HLSII	radiation, monitoring, operation, storage-ring	5011
	Lin, H.S. Lin, Y.Q. Cai, S.P. Jiang, Z.B. Sun, Z.R. Zhou USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Supported by the National Science Foundation of China 11675170 By the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities WK2310000056 Monitoring of ionizing radiation of synchrotron radiation facility is very important for the safety of staff and users of the light source. Radiation monitoring system of HLSII has been built and the whole system consists of local radiation monitoring spots and central control system, and a web-based monitoring dynamic release system. The local radiation monitoring spot consists of a high air pressure ionization type gamma detector and a BF3 counting tube neutron detector, and the radiation data are calculated by microcontroller locally and acquired by the data server for further processing. The dynamic release system is integrated with EPICS interface and radiation safety interlock system. Other accelerator systems could obtain radiation data from the server and the interlock system is triggered by the radiation data to shut down the machine in case the radiation exceeds the safety threshold.
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FRXGBE3	First Demonstration of Ionization Cooling in MICE	emittance, electron, experiment, solenoid	5035
	T.A. Mohayai IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
	The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory has studied ionization cooling of muons. Several million individual muon tracks have been recorded passing through a series of focusing magnets and a liquid hydrogen or lithium hydride absorber in a variety of magnetic configurations. Identification and measurement of muon tracks upstream and downstream of the absorber are used to study the evolution of the 4D (transverse) emittance. This paper presents and discusses these results.
	Slides FRXGBE3 [77.079 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-FRXGBE3
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOXGB1

Report on SuperKEKB Phase 2 Commissioning

luminosity, MMI, optics, emittance

1

Y. Ohnishi
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The SuperKEKB electron-positron collider is being commissioned at KEK in three phases. The first phase was successfully completed in 2016, focusing on vacuum scrubbing and single beam studies without final focus optics. The second phase will start in March 2018 and until mid of July 2018. It will be dedicated to achieving the target specific luminosity larger than 4x10³¹ cm^-2s^-1/mA², using the novel "nano-beam" collision scheme. Final focus optics will be installed, as well as the Belle-II detector, but without the vertex detector. The second phase of commissioning will also serve to assess and learn to control backgrounds induced by beam losses near the interaction region, expected to be larger than at KEKB in the past, as a result of the much smaller beams. This will be important before installing the vertex detector for the final phase of commissioning, due to start at the beginning of 2019, when high luminosity needed for data taking with the Belle-II detector should be achieved. The speaker will present the recent progress and performance of SuperKEKB that is enabled by these upgrades.

Slides MOXGB1 [28.594 MB]

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MOPMF011

Beam-Beam Issues With Two Interaction Points in eRHIC

proton, electron, simulation, luminosity

102

Y. Luo, M. Blaskiewicz, A. He, C. Montag, V. Ptitsyn
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
In this article, we study the beam-beam interaction related issues with two interaction points in the current eRHIC ring-ring design. We carried out strong-strong beam-beam simulation in a 2-d bunch intensity scan. We observed coherent beam-beam instability and emittance blowup with 2 collisions per turn at lower bunch intensities than the case with only 1 collision per turn. To deliver collisions to the two experiments simultaneously, we proposed a new bunch filling pattern to avoid 2 collisions per turn for any electron or proton bunch. We proved that the parasitic beam-beam effect with the new bunch filling pattern is negligible.

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MOPMF016

Progress on RCS eRHIC Injector Design

resonance, polarization, emittance, lattice

115

V.H. Ranjbar, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, S.J. Brooks, D.M. Gassner, H.-C. Hseuh, I. Marneris, F. Méot, M.G. Minty, C. Montag, V. Ptitsyn, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte, B. P. Xiao, A. Zaltsman
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
I.V. Pogorelov
Tech-X, Boulder, Colorado, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
We have refined the design for the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) polarized electron injector for eRHIC. The newer design includes bypasses for the eRHIC detectors and definition of the lattice layout in the existing RHIC tunnel. Additionally, we provide more details on the RF, alignment and orbit control, and magnet specifications.

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MOPMF089

DAΦNE Luminosity Monitor

luminosity, experiment, scattering, injection

338

A. De Santis, C. Bisegni, O.R. Blanco-García, O. Coiro, A. Michelotti, C. Milardi, A. Stecchi
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy

This work presents a new method to measure the DAΦNE collider instantaneous luminosity. The method is based on the identification of Bhabha scattering events at low polar angle (∼10 degree) around the beam axis by using two small crystal calorimeters shared with the KLOE-2 experiment. A new experimental setup has been designed and realized in order to implement the fast luminosity monitor, also in view of the DAΦNE future physics runs. Besides total instantaneous luminosity the new diagnostic measures also Bunch-by-Bunch (BBB) luminosity. This peculiarity allows to investigate the beam-beam interaction for the Crab- Waist collisions at DAΦNE and luminosity dependence on the bunch train structure.

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MOPML002

Status of the JLEIC Ion Collider Ring Design

dynamic-aperture, collider, solenoid, survey

394

G.H. Wei, F. Lin, V.S. Morozov, Y. Zhang
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
Y. Cai, Y.M. Nosochkov
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Funding: Authored by JSA, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177 and DE-AC02-06CH11357. Work supported also by the US DOE Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
We present an update on the lattice design and beam dynamics study of the ion collider ring of JLEIC (Jefferson Lab Electron Ion Collider). The collider ring consists of two 261.7 degree arcs connected by two straight sections crossing each other. One of the straights houses an interaction region (IR) and is shaped to make a 50 mrad crossing angle with the electron beam at the interaction point (IP) to meet physics requirements. The forward acceptance requirements downstream of the IP in the ion direction lead to an asymmetric IR lattice design. The detector solenoid effects and the multipole fields of the IR magnets further complicate this picture. In this paper, compensation of the detector solenoid effects is considered together with orbit correction and multipole effects. We also study local compensation of the magnet multipoles using dedicated multipole correctors. And an optimization of the betatron tunes is also presented.

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MOPML012

Special Collimation System Configuration for the LHC High-Beta Runs

background, collimation, simulation, experiment

418

H. Garcia Morales
Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
R. Bruce, H. Burkhardt, M. Deile, S. Jakobsen, A. Mereghetti, S. Redaelli
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Special LHC high-beta optics is required for the forward physics program of TOTEM and ATLAS-ALFA. In this configuration, the beam is de-squeezed (the \beta-function at the collision point is increased) in order to minimize the divergence for measurements at very small scattering angles. In these low beam intensity runs, it is important to place the Roman Pots (RPs) as close as possible to the beam, which demands special collimator settings. During Run I, a significant amount of background was observed in the forward detectors due to particles outscattered from the primary collimator. During Run II, a different collimation configuration was used where a tungsten collimator was used as primary collimator instead of the usual one made of carbon. Using this configuration, a significant reduction of the background at the RPs was observed. In this paper we present a description of the new collimator configuration and the results obtained during the high-beta run carried out in 2016.

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MOPML024

Implementation of a Non-Invasive Online Beam Monitor at a 60 MeV Proton Therapy Beamline

proton, cyclotron, operation, monitoring

449

R. Schnuerer, C.P. Welsch, S.L. Yap, H.D. Zhang
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
O. Girard, G.J. Haefeli
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
C.P. Welsch
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom

To fully exploit the advantageous dose distribution profiles of ion radiotherapy, an exact knowledge of the beam properties through online beam monitoring is essential, ensuring thus an effective dose delivery to the patient. One potential candidate for an online beam monitor is the LHCb Vertex Locator (VELO). This detector, originally developed for the LHCb experiment, has been adapted to the specific conditions of the clinical environment in a proton therapy centre. The semicircular design and position of its sensitive silicon detector offers a non-invasive way to measure the beam intensity without interfering with the beam core. In this contribution, modifications for VELO are described. The detector is synchronized with the readout of a locally-constructed Faraday Cup and the 25.7 MHz RF frequency of the cyclotron at the Clatterbridge Cancer Centre (CCC). Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations investigate the integration of the detector in the treatment line and behaviour of the beam during delivery. The capability of VELO as a beam monitor will be assessed by measuring the beam current and by monitoring the beam profile along the beamline this summer.

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MOPML072

Timing Resolution for an Optical Fibre-Based Detector in a 74 MeV Proton Therapy Beam

proton, TRIUMF, photon, timing

575

C.A. Penner
UBC & TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
C. Duzenli
UBC, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
C.M. Hoehr, C. Lindsay
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
S. O'Keeffe
University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland

A Terbium activated Gadolinium Oxysulfide (Gd2O2S:Tb)-filled optical fibre sensor was developed and tested as a proton therapy beam dosimeter on a 74 MeV proton beam. Tests were carried out at the TRIUMF proton therapy centre, where a passively scattered beam is used for treatment. To create a clinically relevant spread-out Bragg peak, a modulator wheel with steps of varying thickness is employed. To determine the sensor's response in a 23 mm spread out Bragg peak, the sensor signal was sampled at depth intervals of 0.79 mm along the beam axis in a water phantom. The resulting data showed a periodic variation in the signal corresponding to the rotation of the modulator wheel and related to the depth in water of the detector. This timing resolution in the sensor response could find application in quality assurance for modulated proton beams.

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TUXGBD3

Ideas and Concepts for Future Electron Ion Colliders

electron, luminosity, collider, polarization

590

F.C. Pilat
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

Different versions of future electron-ion colliders have been proposed by Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and Thomas Jefferson National Laboratory (JLAB), one based on colliding protons in a ring with electrons from an Energy Recovery Linac (ERL), the other two based on ring-ring colliders. To attain the luminosity goal strong hadron cooling is required, as could be provided with several proposed new cooling schemes. Polarization of both colliding beams is essential. This invited talk will compare the various designs and highlight some of the novel ideas and concepts.

Slides TUXGBD3 [76.608 MB]

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TUXGBF2

Higher-Order-Mode Effects in Tesla-Type Superconducting RF Cavities on Electron Beam Quality

HOM, cavity, FEL, electron

612

A.H. Lumpkin, N. Eddy, D.R. Edstrom, P.S. Prieto, J. Ruan, R.M. Thurman-Keup
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
K. Bishofberger, B.E. Carlsten
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
O. Napoly
CEA/DSM/IRFU, France

Funding: *Work at Fermilab supported by FRA, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Dept. of Energy. **Work at LANL supported by U.S. Dept. of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program.
We report the direct observations of the correlation of higher order modes (HOMs) generated by off-axis electron beam steering in TESLA-type SCRF cavities and sub-macropulse beam centroid shifts (with the concomitant effect on averaged beam size and emittance). The experiments were performed at the Fermilab Accelerator Science and Technology (FAST) facility using its unique configuration of a PC rf gun injecting beam into two separated 9-cell cavities in series with corrector magnets and beam position monitors (BPMs) located before, between, and after them. The ~100-kHz oscillations with up to 300-μm amplitudes at downstream locations were observed in a 3-MHz micropulse repetition rate beam with charges of 500 and 1000 pC/b, although the effects were much reduced at 100 pC/b. The studies were based on HOM detector circuitry targeting the first and second dipole passbands, rf BPM bunch-by-bunch data, and imaging cameras viewing multi-slit images for emittance assessments at 33 MeV. Initial calculations reproduced a key feature of the phenomena. In principle, these results may be scaled to cryomodule configurations of major accelerator facilities.

Slides TUXGBF2 [3.631 MB]

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TUYGBD2

A Review of DAΦNE Performances During the KLOE-2 Run

luminosity, operation, vacuum, collider

624

C. Milardi, D. Alesini, S. Bini, O.R. Blanco-García, M. Boscolo, B. Buonomo, S. Cantarella, S. Caschera, A. D'Uffizi, A. De Santis, G.O. Delle Monache, D.G.C. Di Giulio, G. Di Pirro, A. Drago, L.G. Foggetta, A. Gallo, R. Gargana, A. Ghigo, S. Guiducci, C. Ligi, M. Maestri, A. Michelotti, L. Pellegrino, R. Ricci, U. Rotundo, A. Stecchi, A. Stella, M. Zobov
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy

DAΦNE, the Frascati electron-positron accelerator complex, has almost completed the last and more chanlleging period of operation for the KLOE-2 detector. In this context the performances of the collider, based on the Crab-Waist collision scheme, are reviewed and the limiting factors discussed.

Slides TUYGBD2 [9.928 MB]

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TUYGBD4

Beam Loss Background and Collimator Design in CEPC Double Ring

scattering, background, radiation, simulation

632

S. Bai, J. Gao, H. Geng, D. Wang, Y. Wang, C.H. Yu, Y. Zhang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) is a proposed Higgs factory with center of mass energy of 240 GeV to measure the properties of Higgs boson and test the standard model accurately. Beam loss background in detectors is an important topic at CEPC. Radiative Bhabha scattering and Beamstrahlung effects are dominant mechanism of the beam induced backgrounds at CEPC due to the beam lifetime. In this paper, we evaluated the beam loss background in simulation and designed a series of collimators to suppress the radiation level on the machine and the detector.

Slides TUYGBD4 [0.791 MB]

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TUPAF016

Increase of IPHI Beam Power at CEA Saclay

rfq, neutron, proton, target

694

F. Senée, F. Benedetti, E. Giner-Demange, A. Gomes, M. Oublaid
CEA/DRF/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
P. Ausset, M. Ben Abdillah, C. Joly
IPN, Orsay, France
F. Belloni, B. Bolzon, N. Chauvin, M. Desmons, Y. Gauthier, C. Marchand, J. Marroncle, T. Papaevangelou, G. Perreu, O. Piquet, B. Pottin, Y. Sauce, J. Schwindling, L. Segui, O. Tuske, D. Uriot
CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
F. Harrault, R. Touzery
CEA/DSM/IRFU, France

For the first time, in April 2016, the SILHI source produced a proton beam for IPHI RFQ. Due to several technical difficulties on the RFQ water cooling skid, a short RF power pulse (100 μs at the beginning until few hundred microseconds) is injected into the RFQ accelerates the high intensity proton beam up to 3 MeV. The repetition rate is tuned between 1 and 5 Hz. Under these conditions, the beam power after the RFQ is lower than 100 W. At the end of 2017, the 352 MHz RFQ conditioning has been completed (with the same duty cycle) and the proton beam has been accelerated. The increase of the beam power is expected to continue in 2018 in order to reach several kilowatts by the end of the year. In addition, two Ionization beam Profile Monitors (IPM) developed for ESS have been tested on the deviated beam line with a very low duty cycle. The IPHI facility should demonstrate the possibility to produce neutrons with a flexible compact accelerator in the framework of the SONATE project. This paper presents the status of the IPHI project in April 2018.

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TUPAF018

Characterization of Automatic Frequency Control systems for S-band Proton LINAC "TOP-IMPLART"

DTL, controls, proton, linac

701

G. Bazzano, P. Nenzi, L. Picardi, C. Ronsivalle, M. Vadrucci
ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy

The TOP-IMPLART (Intensity Modulated Proton Linear Accelerator for RadioTherapy) proton linear accelerator is under development at ENEA-Frascati. It is composed by a 7 MeV, 425 MHz injector followed by a sequence of 2997.92 MHz accelerating modules. Four 10 MW klystrons will be used to power all high frequency structures up to a beam energy of 150 MeV. The first section, consisting of 4 SCDTL modules (7 to 35 MeV), is operational at low repetition rate (up to 50 Hz). Whereas beam acceleration is effective even without closed loop control, to ensure high beam current stability the resonance frequency variation must be kept for each SDCTL module within few kHz. This is achieved implementing an automatic frequency control (AFC) loop that detects structure detuning caused by thermal drifts and produce an error signal fed to a tuning motor. A prototype of an AFC custom solution, derived from a medical electron linac, has been tested on TOP-IMPLART accelerator. This was originally designed for magnetron frequency tuning with much larger frequency span. Other AFC systems with different components have been evaluated in order to reach the high required resolution.

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TUPAF029

Observation of Fast Losses in the LHC Operation in 2017

operation, betatron, beam-losses, monitoring

740

A.A. Gorzawski, N. Fuster-Martínez, S. Redaelli, C. Xu, C. Zamantzas
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
R.B. Appleby
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
H. Garcia Morales
Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom

Four diamond detectors that provide beam loss measurements with time resolution in the nanosecond range were added in the vicinity of the primary collimators of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This is a powerful diagnostic tool that provides the unique chance to measure bunch-by-bunch losses. The operation of the LHC in 2017 presented several unusual events of fast, high intensity beam losses, many of them captured by the diamond detectors in the betatron cleaning region. In this paper we review some of the relevant loss cases that were analyzed in the wider scope of determining the source of the instability generating these losses. We show few of the possible applications of this detectors in daily operations.

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TUPAF041

Residual Gas Ions Characterization from the REXEBIS

ISOL, rfq, experiment, electron

784

N. Bidault, M.L. Lozano, J.A. Rodriguez
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The Isotope mass Separator On-Line DEvice (ISOLDE) is a user facility located at CERN where Radioactive Ion Beams (RIBs) are produced from proton collisions onto a target, mass separated and transported to user experimental stations either directly at low energy or after being post- accelerated, notably for nuclear physics studies. Prior to acceleration through the REX/HIE-ISOLDE linear acceler- ator, the ion beam is accumulated, bunched and cooled in a Penning trap (REXTRAP) and afterwards charge-bred in an Electron Beam Ion Source (REXEBIS). Multi-charged radioactive species of interest are then selected by a mass-to- charge (A/q) ratio separator dipole in the Low Energy Beam Transfer Line (LEBT). A method is presented to character- ize the Residual Gas Ion (RGI) background contamination for diﬀerent operational conditions of the REXEBIS. More particularly, a discussion is held about the inﬂuence of the conﬁnement time inside the charge-breeder on the residual gas spectrum. Finally, a method to identify sub-pico-Ampere contaminants is demonstrated.

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TUPAF042

Characterization of the Beam Energy Spread at the REX/HIE-ISOLDE Linac

cavity, ISOL, linac, experiment

787

M.L. Lozano, N. Bidault, E. Fadakis, M.A. Fraser, E. Matli, J.A. Rodriguez
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

ISOLDE is an on-line radioactive isotope separator located at CERN that works by colliding protons accelerated in the PS Booster into a fixed target and by separating the resultant ionized isotopes using a magnetic separator. The completion of the HIE-ISOLDE superconducting linac allows the acceleration of these ions to energy levels that were not reachable before, opening the door to new experiments in different fields. These experiments often have special requirements in terms of beam intensity and purity, transverse emittance or energy spread. A possible way to reduce the energy spread of the beam delivered to the experimental stations is to use one or more of the superconducting cavities as bunchers. The main results of several tests conducted during the last beam commissioning campaign prove that this mode of operation is feasible and will be presented in this paper.

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TUPAF043

Testing the Double-Crystal Setup for Physics Beyond Colliders Experiments in the UA9-SPS Experiment

experiment, proton, collimation, target

790

S. Montesano
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: on behalf of the UA9 Collaboration
The UA9 experiment is installed in the CERN SPS to study how coherent interaction in crystalline materials can be used to steer particles beams. Recently, new experiments requiring complex beam manipulations by means of crystals have been proposed in the framework of the Physics Beyond Colliders study group at CERN. In particular, it was proposed to use a first crystal to direct protons from the LHC beam halo on a target placed in the beam pipe and to use a second crystal to deflect the particles produced in the target (double-crystal setup), allowing to measure their polarization. The layout of the UA9 experiment in the CERN SPS has been modified to study the feasibility of the proposed scenario and its compatibility with the delicate environment of a superconducting collider. A first set of measurements was performed in 2017 proving that the protons deflected by the first crystal can be intercepted and successfully deflected by a second crystal. A further upgrade of the experiment in 2018 will allow measuring more precisely the combined efficiency of the two crystals and the beam-induced background.

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TUZGBE2

Final-focus Superconducting Magnets for SuperKEKB

solenoid, quadrupole, MMI, operation

1215

N. Ohuchi, K.A. Aoki, Y. Arimoto, M.K. Kawai, T. Kawamoto, H. Koiso, Y. Kondo, M. Masuzawa, A. Morita, S. Nakamura, Y. Ohnishi, Y. Ohsawa, T. Oki, H. Sugimoto, K. Tsuchiya, R. Ueki, X. Wang, H. Yamaoka, Z.G. Zong
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
M. Anerella, J. Escallier, A.K. Jain, A. Marone, B. Parker, P. Wanderer
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
J. DiMarco, T.G. Gardner, J.M. Nogiec, M.A. Tartaglia, G. Velev
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
T.-H. Kim
Mitsubishi Electric Corp, Advanced Technology R & D Center, Hyogo, Japan

The SuperKEKB collider aims at 40 times higher luminosity than that achieved at KEKB, based on the nano-beam scheme. The vertical beta function at the interaction point will be squeezed to 300μmeter. Final-focus superconducting magnet system which consists of eight main quadrupole magnets, 43 corrector windings, and compensation solenoids is a key component to achieve high luminosity. This invited talk presents the construction and commissioning of the final-focus magnet system.

Slides TUZGBE2 [4.235 MB]

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TUPMF082

FLASHForward: DOOCS Control System for a Beam-Driven Plasma-Wakefield Acceleration Experiment

controls, laser, timing, hardware

1460

S. Karstensen, S. Bohlen, J. Dale, M. Dinter, J.M. Müller, P. Niknejadi, J. Osterhoff, K. Poder, P. Pourmoussavi, V. Rybnikov, L. Schaper, B. Schmidt, J.-P. Schwinkendorf, B. Sheeran, G.E. Tauscher, S. Thiele, S. Wesch, P. Winkler
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The FLASHForward project at DESY is an innovative beam-driven plasma-wakefield acceleration experiment integrated in the FLASH facility, aiming to accelerate electron beams to GeV energies over a few centimetres of ionised gas. These accelerated beams are tested for their capability to demonstrate exponential free-electron laser gain; achievable only through rigorous analysis of both the driver and witness beam's phase space. The thematic priority covered in here the control system part of FLASHForward. To be able to control, read out and save data from the diagnostics into DAQ, the DOOCS control system has been integrated into FLASH Forward. Laser beam control, over 70 cameras, ADCs, timing system and motorised stages are combined into the one DOOCS control system as well as vacuum and magnet controls. Micro TCA for Physics (MTCA.4) is the solid basic computing system, supported from high power workstations for camera read-out and normal Linux computers.

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TUPML067

Recent Results from the Study of Emittance Evolution in MICE

emittance, solenoid, experiment, lattice

1699

V. Blackmore
Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom

Funding: STFC, DOE, NSF, INFN, and CHIPP
The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) has measured the evolution of emittance due to ionization energy loss. Muons were focused onto an absorber using a large aperture solenoid. Lithium-hydride and liquid hydrogen-absorbers have been studied. Diagnostic devices were placed upstream and downstream of the focus, enabling the phase-space coordinates of individual muons to be reconstructed. By observing the properties of ensembles of muons, the change in beam emittance was measured. Data taken during 2016 and 2017 are currently under study to evaluate the change in emittance due to the absorber for muon beams with various initial emittance, momenta, and settings of the magnetic lattice. The current status and the most recent results of these analyses will be presented.

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TUPML068

The European Spallation Source Neutrino Super Beam Design Study

proton, linac, target, neutron

1702

M. Dracos
IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France

Funding: This project is now supported by the COST Action CA15139/EuroNuNet and EU/H2020 innovation programme ESSnuSB under grant agreement No 777419.
ESSnuSB proposes to use the proton linac of the European Spallation Source (ESS) currently in construction in Lund (Sweden) to produce a very intense neutrino super beam, in parallel with the spallation neutron production. The ESS linac is expected to be operational by 2023 delivering 5 MW average power, 2 GeV proton beam, with 2.86 ms long pulses at a rate of 14 Hz. The primary proton beam-line completing the linac will consist of an accumulator ring to compress the beam pulses to 1.3 μs and a switchyard to distribute the protons onto the target station. The secondary beam-line producing neutrinos will consist of a four-horn/target station, a decay tunnel and a beam dump. A megaton scale water Cherenkov detector will be located at a baseline of about 500 km in one of the existing mines in Sweden and it will measure the neutrino oscillations. ESSnuSB was recently granted by the European H2020-INFRADEV program to start beginning of 2018 a 4-year design study on the feasibility of such facility. This paper presents the objectives, the steps and the organization of the ESSnuSB DS.

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WEPAF005

A Fast Beam Interlock System for the Advanced Photon Source Particle Accumulator Ring

radiation, photon, operation, shielding

1815

J.C. Dooling, M. Borland, K.C. Harkay, R.T. Keane, B.J. Micklich, C. Yao
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Of- fice of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
A fast beam interlock system for the Advanced Photon Source (APS) Particle Accumulator Ring (PAR) based on the detection of Cerenkov light is proposed for high-charge operations associated with the APS Upgrade (APS-U). Light is generated from lost electrons passing through high-purity, fused-silica fiber optic cable. The cable acts as both radiator and light pipe to a Pb-shielded photomultiplier tube. Results from a prototype installation along the PAR south wall have shown excellent sensitivity, linearity, and reproducibility after 10,000 hours of operation to date with little change in the optical transmission of the fiber. High sensitivity allows more accurate measurement of low-level loss than possible with current monitors. The radiator and detector provide a much faster response than the installed gamma or neutron detectors. A faster, more accurate response to electron loss will be important as we run with higher charge and consider operating at increased energy for APS-U. Initial calibration measurements of the prototype system with radiation monitors for various loss scenarios are discussed. Comparison of the scenarios with simulations are presented.

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WEPAF006

Fast Photodetector Bunch Duration Monitor for the Advanced Photon Source Particle Accumulator Ring

laser, synchrotron, linac, photon

1819

J.C. Dooling, J.R. Calvey, K.C. Harkay, B.X. Yang, C. Yao
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
A fast photodetector is used to monitor the bunch duration in the Advanced Photon Source (APS) Particle Accumulator Ring (PAR). The Bunch Duration Monitor (BDM) diagnostic provides an accurate measure of the PAR bunch length. PAR BDM data show good agreement with streak camera measurements. The BDM is based on the metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetector Hamamatsu G4176-03 MSM with specified rise and fall times of 30 ps. The BDM has sufficient frequency response to resolve the PAR bunch near extraction where, under low-charge conditions, minimum rms pulse durations of 200-300 ps are observed. Beam from the PAR is injected into the Booster; for efficient capture, injected rms bunch duration from the PAR must be less than 600 ps. The MSM detector exhibits a ringing response to fast input signals. To overcome this, the BDM output is de-convolved with the impulse response function of the detector-amplifier circuit. Turn-by-turn bunch duration data is presented versus charge and time in the PAR cycle. Charge calibration is used to determine fit parameters for bunch duration measurements in peak-detection mode. Observations relevant to APS Upgrade high-charge studies are presented.

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WEPAF025

Fast Intensity Monitor Based on Channeltron Electron Multiplier

electron, electronics, proton, high-voltage

1873

G.M.A. Calvi, V. Lante, L. Lanzavecchia, G. Magro, A. Parravicini, E. Rojatti, C. Viviani
CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy

The paper concerns the Fast Intensity Monitor (FIM) designed for the CNAO (Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica), the Italian facility of Oncological Hadrontherapy. The FIM detector has been designed with the purpose of having a continuous and non-destructive measurement of the beam intensity in the High Energy Beam Transfer (HEBT) line. The passage of the beam through a thin aluminum foil produces secondary electrons whose yield depends on beam species (protons or carbon ions), intensity and energy. Secondary electrons are focused on the Channeltron Electron Multiplier (CEM) input, multiplied and sensed over a precision resistor. In order to minimize the perturbation to the beam, the foil is grounded and the read out electronics is floating. This makes electronics design harder but it is a key point to make FIM use possible continuously even during patients treatment. Measurements performed with the FIM are discussed and checked against reference detectors.

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WEPAF026

Beam Induced Fluorescence Measurements of 100 keV Deuterons in LIPAc Accelerator

electron, injection, plasma, emittance

1877

R. Varela, A. Guirao, L.M. Martínez, J. Mollá, I. Podadera
CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
T. Akagi, R. Ichimiya, Y. Ikeda, M. Sugimoto
QST, Aomori, Japan
B. Bolzon, N. Chauvin
CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
P. Cara
Fusion for Energy, Garching, Germany
H. Dzitko
F4E, Germany
J. Knaster
IFMIF/EVEDA, Rokkasho, Japan

Funding: Work partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under project FIS2013-40860-R
The LIPAc accelerator will be a linear CW deuteron accelerator capable of delivering a 9 MeV, 125 mA beam which aims to validate the technology that will be used in the future high power accelerator-driven neutron source, IFMIF. In summer 2017 a campaign of measurements was done during the injector commissioning, in which a Fluorescence Profile Monitor based on an Intensified CID camera (ICID) was used to measure the beam transverse profile at the extraction of the ion source. In this contribution we review the design of the ICID, its performance and discuss the measurements carried out. The performance of ICID monitors for its use in future accelerators will be assessed.

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WEPAF035

Coherent Diffraction Radiation Imaging as an RMS Bunch Length Monitor

radiation, FEL, target, experiment

1895

J. Wolfenden, R.B. Fiorito, C.P. Welsch
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
R.B. Fiorito, C.P. Welsch, J. Wolfenden
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
T.H. Pacey, T.H. Pacey
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
A.G. Shkvarunets
UMD, College Park, Maryland, USA

Funding: This work was supported by the EU under Grant Agreement No. 624890 and the STFC Cockcroft Institute core Grant No. ST/G008248/1.
High-resolution bunch length measurement is of the utmost importance for current and future generations of light sources and linacs. It is also key to the optimisation of the final beam quality in plasma-based acceleration. We present progress in the development of a novel RMS bunch length monitor based on imaging the coherent diffraction radiation (CDR) produced by a non-invasive circular aperture. Due to the bunch lengths involved, the radiation produced is in the THz range. This has led to the development of a novel THz imaging system, which can be applied to low energy electron beams. For high energy beams the imaging system can be used as a single shot technique. Simulation results show that the profile of a CDR image of a beam is sensitive to bunch length and can thus be used as a diagnostic. The associated benefits of this imaging distribution methodology over the typical angular distribution measurement are discussed. Plans for experiments conducted at the SwissFEL (PSI, Switzerland), along with plans for future high energy single shot measurements are also presented.

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WEPAF043

Commissioning and Long-Term Results of a Fully-Automated Pulse-Based Optical Timing Distribution System at Dalian Coherent Light Source

timing, laser, electron, operation

1909

H.P.H. Cheng, A. Berlin, E. Cano, A. Dai, J. Derksen, D. Forouher, W. Nasimzada, M. Neuhaus, P. Schiepel, E. Seibel, K. Shafak
Cycle GmbH, Hamburg, Germany
Z. Chen, H.L. Ding, Z.G. He, Y.H. Tian, G.R. Wu
DICP, Dalian, People's Republic of China
F.X. Kärtner
Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY) and Center for Free Electron Science (CFEL), Hamburg, Germany
B. Liu, X.Q. Liu
SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

New generation light sources such as X-ray free-electron lasers* and attoscience centers** require high demand for timing synchronization, on the order of few femtoseconds or below, to generate ultrashort X-ray pulses that enables attosecond temporal and subatomic spatial resolution. The challenge in achieving this scientific dream lies in part in a reliable, high-precision timing distribution system that can synchronize various optical and microwave sources across multi-km distances with good long-term stability. It was shown that the pulsed-optical timing distribution system can deliver sub-fs long-term timing precision between remotely synchronized lasers and microwave sources in laboratory environment.*** We present the latest results from the commissioning of China's first multi-link pulse-based optical timing distribution system (TDS) installed at Dalian Coherent Light Source. Long term operating results of the fully-automated polarization-maintaining TDS, as well as lessons learned and recommendations for future improvements, are presented, including performance of the timing-stabilized PM fiber links, microwave end-stations and ultrafast laser synchronization end-stations.
*http://www.xfel.eu/news/2017/european_xfel_generates_its_first_laser_light
**G. Mourou and T. Tajima, Science, 331, pp. 41-42, 2011.
***M. Xin et al., Light Sci. Appl., 6, e16187, 2017.

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WEPAF047

Status and Commissioning of the Wire Scanner System for the European XFEL

FEL, undulator, MMI, emittance

1919

T. Lensch, S. Liu
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The European-XFEL (E-XFEL) is an X-ray Free Electron Laser facility located in Hamburg (Germany). The superconducting accelerator for up to 17.5 GeV electrons will provide photons simultaneously to several user stations. Currently 12 Wire Scanner stations are used to image transverse beam profiles in the high energy sections. These scanners provide a slow scan mode which is currently used to measure beam emittance and beam halo distributions. When operating with long bunch trains (>100 bunches) also fast scans are planned to measure beam sizes in an almost nondestructive manner. This paper describes the current installations and the latest developments of the system at European-XFEL. Furthermore, the commissioning status of the system and first results of beam halo studies will be shown.

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WEPAF060

Non-Invasive Bunch Length Diagnostics for High Intensity Beams

radiation, electron, real-time, simulation

1964

S.V. Kuzikov, S.P. Antipov
Euclid TechLabs, LLC, Solon, Ohio, USA
S.V. Kuzikov, A.A. Vikharev
IAP/RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia

Modern particle accelerators utilize photoinjectors and compression schemes to produce short high peak current electron bunches for various applications like x-ray free electron lasers, high gradient beam driven acceleration and others. Bunch length detection is a desired diagnostics for such machines. In this paper we describe a non-invasive, real-time detector which can be retrofitted into an existing beamline and measure the bunch length in real time using interferometric methods. Diffraction radiation is the mechanism to be used to produce a measurable signal without intercepting the beam. This became possible as sensitivity of pyrodetectors improved over the years, while peak beam power grew. For high peak current beams there is a possibility of a single shot measurement. This can be done with a pair of closely placed vacuum breaks that create a spatial correlation of the generated signals which can be measured by a pyro-detector array or a THz camera. The bunch length is determined from the correlation data using an iterative beam profile recovery algorithm.

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WEPAF067

Alignment and Monitoring Systems for Accelerators and Experiments Based on BCAM - First Results and Benefits of Systems Developed for ATLAS, LHCb and HIE-ISOLDE

alignment, monitoring, ISOL, target

1983

J. Gayde, B. Di Girolamo, Y. Kadi, G. Kautzmann, F. Klumb, R. Lindner, D. Mergelkuhl, L. Pontecorvo, M. Raymond, P. Sainvitu, E. Thomas
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
F. Blanc, P. Stefko
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland

In the last few years alignment and monitoring systems based on BCAM* cameras active sensors, or their HBCAM evolution, have been developed at the request of the Technical Coordination of LHC experiments and HIE-ISOLDE facility Project Leader. ADEPO (ATLAS DEtector POsition) has been designed to speed up the precise closure - 0.3 mm - of large detector parts representing in total ~2500 tons. For LHCb a system has been studied and installed to monitor the positions of the Inner Tracker stations during the LHCb dipole magnet cycles. The MATHILDE (Monitoring and Alignment Tracking for HIE-ISOLDE) system has been developed to fulfil the alignment and monitoring needs for components of the LINAC enclosed in successive Cryo-Modules. These systems have been in each case configured and adapted to the objectives and environmental conditions: low space for integration; presence of magnetic fields; exposure to non-standard environmental conditions such as high vacuum and cryogenic temperatures. After a short description of the different systems and of the environmental constraints, this paper summarizes their first results, performances and their added value.
* BCAM: Brandeis CCD Angle Monitor, http://alignment.hep.brandeis.edu/Devices/BCAM/

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WEPAF074

Non-invasive Beam Diagnostics with Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation

photon, radiation, electron, plasma

2005

T. Lefèvre, M. Bergamaschi, O.R. Jones, R. Kieffer, S. Mazzoni
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
L.Y. Bartnik, M.G. Billing, Y.B.P. Bordlemay Padilla, J.V. Conway, M.J. Forster, J.P. Shanks, S. Wang
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
M. Bergamaschi, P. Karataev
Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
V.V. Bleko, A.S. Konkov, J.S. Markova, A. Potylitsyn
TPU, Tomsk, Russia
L. Bobb
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
K. Lekomtsev
JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom

Based on recent measurements of incoherent Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation (ChDR) performed on the Cornell Electron Storage Ring, we present here a concept for the centering of charged particle beams when passing close to dielectric material. This would find applications as beam instrumentation in dielectric capillary tubes, typically used in novel accelerating technologies, as well as in collimators using bent crystals for high-energy, high-intensity hadron beams, such as the Large Hadron Collid-er or Future Circular Collider. As a charged particle beam travels at a distance of a few mm or less from the surface of a dielectric material, incoherent ChDR is produced inside the dielectric. The photons are emitted at a large and well-defined angle that allows their detection with a limited contribution of background light. A set of ChDR detectors distributed around a dielectric would enable both the beam position and tilt angle to be measured with a good resolution.

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WEPAK001

Intense Neutrino Source Front End Beam Diagnostics System R&D

cavity, plasma, target, hadron

2077

K. Yonehara, M.D. Balcazar, A. Moretti, A.V. Tollestrup, A.C. Watts, R.M. Zwaska
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
M.A. Cummings, A. Dudas, R.P. Johnson, G.M. Kazakevich, M.L. Neubauer
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by Fermilab Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 and DOE STTR Grant, No. DE-SC0013795.
We overview the front end beam diagnostic system R&D to prepare operation of a multi-MW proton beam for intensity frontier Neutrino experiments. One of critical issues is shorter life time of a detector with higher beam intensity due to radiation damage. We show a possible improvement of the existing ion chamber based detector, and a study of a conceptually new radiation-robust detector which is based on a gas-filled RF resonator.

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WEPAK004

Beam Instrumentation for CRYRING@ESR

injection, instrumentation, rfq, hardware

2084

A. Reiter, C. Andre, H. Bräuning, C. Dorn, P. Forck, R. Haseitl, T. Hoffmann, W. Kaufmann, N. Kotovski, P. Kowina, K. Lang, R. Lonsing, P.B. Miedzik, T. Milosic, A. Petit, H. Reeg, C. Schmidt, M. Schwickert, T. Sieber, R. Singh, G. Vorobjev, B. Walasek-Höhne, M. Witthaus
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

We present the beam instrumentation of CRYRING@ESR, a low-energy experiment facility at the GSI Helmholtz-Centre for heavy ion research. The 1.44 Tm synchrotron and storage ring, formerly hosted at the Manne Siegbahn laboratory in Stockholm, Sweden, was modified in its configuration and installed behind the existing ESR, the experimental storage ring. As the first machine within the ongoing FAIR project, the facility for antiproton and ion research, it is built on the future timing system and frameworks for data supply and acquisition. Throughout the past year CRYRING was commissioned including its electron cooler with hydrogen beams from the local linear accelerator. Storage, acceleration and cooling have been demonstrated. The contribution provides an overview of the beam instrumentation. The design of the detector systems and their current performance are presented. Emphasis is given to beam position monitors, detectors for intensity measurements, and the ionization profile monitors.

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WEPAL011

iPipe: An Innovative Fiber Optic Monitoring System for Beam Induced Heating on Accelerator Pipes

monitoring, experiment, radiation, operation

2166

F. Fienga, S. Buontempo, M.R. Masullo
INFN-Napoli, Napoli, Italy
A. Ball, N. Beni, B. Salvant, W. Zeuner
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
G. Breglio, A. Irace
University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
Z. Szillasi
ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
V.G. Vaccaro
Naples University Federico II and INFN, Napoli, Italy

The iPipe project consists in the instrumentation, with Fiber Bragg Grating sensors (FBGs), of the beam pipe of the CMS experiment, which is part of the LHC. Being spectrally encoded, the FBGs are not sensitive to electromagnetic interference and broadband-radiation-induced losses. These characteristics allow to realize long distance punctual sensing systems, capable to operate in harsh environments like the underground experimental and accelerator facilities at CERN. The iPipe secures the measurement of any deformation induced on the central beam pipe by any motion in the CMS detector due to element displacement or to magnetic field induced deformations. Moreover, the iPipe FBG temperature sensors represent a unique solution to monitor the beam pipe thermal behavior during the various operational and maintenance phases. This paper reports the use of the iPipe to measure the beam induced heating on the CMS vacuum chamber throughout 2016 and 2017. A first comparison between the measurements and the heat load predicted from beam induced RF heating due to the coupling impedance of the CMS pipe is also reported.

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WEPAL019

A Novel Field Cage Design for the CPS IPM and Systematic Errors in Beam Size and Emittance

electron, cathode, extraction, emittance

2193

K. Satou
J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
D. Bodart, S. Levasseur, G. Schneider, J.W. Storey
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Sapinski
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

An ionization profile monitor has been recently installed in the CERN proton synchrotron. We design a novel and simple structure field cage that suppresses the secondary electrons that are induced by the ionized ions. We discuss a field cage design, and the systematic error on the basis of beam size and emittance, considering the non-uniformity of the fields, the space-charge effect of the beam, and the lattice parameter errors.

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WEPAL034

Bunch Length Measurements Using Coherent Smith-Purcell Radiation With Several Gratings at CLIO

booster, radiation, laser, experiment

2239

N. Delerue, S. Jenzer, V. Khodnevych, A. Migayron
LAL, Orsay, France
J.P. Berthet, N. Jestin, J.-M. Ortega, R. Prazeres
CLIO/ELISE/LCP, Orsay, France

Funding: Financially supported by the Université Paris-Sud (programme "attractivité"), by the French ANR (contract ANR-12-JS05-0003-01) and by IN2P3.
Coherent Smith Purcell radiation allows the measurement of a beam longitudinal profile through the study of the emission spectrum of the radiation emitted when a grating is brought close from the beam. In order to increase the dynamic range of our measurements we have used several gratings and we report on the measured bunch form factor using this technique. We report on these measurements and on the background rejection used.

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WEPAL038

First Tests of Superkekb Fast Luminosity Monitors During 2018 Phase-2 Commissioning

luminosity, monitoring, simulation, feedback

2254

C.G. Pang, P. Bambade, S. Di Carlo, D. Jehanno, V. Kubytskyi, Y. Peinaud, C. Rimbault
LAL, Orsay, France
Y. Funakoshi, S. Uehara
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The SuperKEKB e⁺e^- collider aims to reach a very high luminosity of 8× 10³⁵ cm^-2s^-1, by using highly focused ultra-low emittance bunches colliding every 4 ns, it is essential to have an orbit feedback system at the Interaction Point (IP) to maintain the optimum overlap between two colliding beams. Luminosity monitoring systems including LumiBelle2 and ZDLM as input to dithering feedback system used to stabilize the horizontal orbit at the IP were developed and will be described, including the detectors, mechanical set-up, DAQ. Preliminary measurements and analysis of background and first stage luminosity monitoring data collected will be reported and compared with simulation.

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WEPAL065

Development of a Gas Sheet Beam Profile Monitor for IOTA

simulation, space-charge, proton, plasma

2326

S. Szustkowski, B.T. Freemire
Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
S. Chattopadhyay
Northern Illinois Univerity, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
D.J. Crawford
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: US Department of Energy, Office of High Energy Physics, General Accelerator Research and Development (GARD) Program
A nitrogen gas sheet will measure the two dimensional transverse profile of the 2.5 MeV proton beam in IOTA. The beam lifetime is limited by the interaction with the gas, thus a minimally invasive instrument is required. To produce a gas sheet with the desired density and thickness, various nozzle types are being investigated, including rectangular capillary tubes for gas injection and skimmers for final shaping of the gas. It is essential to meet vacuum requirements in the interaction chamber while maintaining the precise thickness and density of the gas, without significantly affecting the beam lifetime. The current design of a gas sheet beam profile monitor and present status will be discussed.

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WEPAL072

A Novel Longitudinal Laserwire to Non-Invasively Measure 6-Dimensional Bunch Parameters at High Current Hydrogen Ion Accelerators

laser, emittance, linac, simulation

2349

S.M. Gibson, A. Bosco
Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
S.E. Alden, A. Bosco, S.M. Gibson
JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
A.P. Letchford
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
J.K. Pozimski
Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
J.K. Pozimski
STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

Funding: We acknowledge funding by the STFC Grant ST/P003028/1 and the John Adams Institute at Royal Holloway, University of London.
Optical methods for non-invasive beam diagnostics of high current H⁻ ion accelerators have been developed in recent years*, **. Such laserwires typically measure a 1D beam profile and/or 2D transverse emittance from the products of photo-detached ions as a laser beam is scanned across the H⁻ beam. For laser pulse durations (~80ns) longer than the RF period (~3ns), the detector integrates many complete bunches, enabling only transverse beam monitoring. This paper presents a new technique to capture a series of time resolved transverse emittance measurements along the bunch train. A fast (~10ps) pulsed laser photo-detaches ions within each bunch and is synchronized to sample consecutive bunches at certain longitudinal positions along each bunch. A fast detector records the spatial distribution and time-of-flight of the neutralized H⁰, thus both the transverse and longitudinal emittance are reconstructed. We present simulations of a time varying pulsed laser field interacting within an H⁻ bunch, and estimate the yield, spatial and time distributions of H⁰ arriving at the detector. We summarise the design of a recently funded longitudinal laserwire being installed in FETS at RAL, UK.
* NIM-A, 830, p526-531, T. Hofmann et al
** T. Hofmann et al, 'Commissioning of the Operational Laser Emittance Monitors for LINAC4 at CERN' IPAC18.

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WEPAL074

Commissioning of the Operational Laser Emittance Monitors for LINAC4 at CERN

laser, electron, emittance, linac

2357

T. Hofmann, G.E. Boorman, A. Bosco, S.M. Gibson
Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
F. Roncarolo
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

A laser-based emittance monitor has been developed to non-invasively measure the transverse emittance of the LINAC4 H⁻ beam at its top energy of 160MeV. After testing several sub-systems of the instrument during linac commissioning at intermediate energies, two instruments are now permanently installed. These instruments use a pulsed laser beam delivered to the accelerator tunnel by optical fibres before final focusing onto the H⁻ beam. The photons in the laser pulse detach electrons from the H⁻ ions, which can then be deflected into an electron multiplier. In addition, the resulting neutral H⁰ atoms can be separated from the main beam by a dipole magnet before being recorded by downstream diamond strip-detectors. By scanning the laser in the horizontal and vertical plane the beam profiles are obtained from the electron signals and the emittance can be reconstructed by the H⁰ profiles at the diamond detectors. This paper describes the final system layout that consists of two independent instruments, each measuring profile and emittance of the H⁻ beam in the horizontal and vertical plane and discusses the preliminary commissioning results.

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WEPAL075

Time-Resolved Transverse Beam Profile Measurements with a Rest Gas Ionisation Profile Monitor Based on Hybrid Pixel Detectors

electron, background, proton, site

2361

S. Levasseur, S.M. Gibson
Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
W. Bertsche, H. Sandberg
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
D. Bodart, A. Huschauer, G. Schneider, J.W. Storey, R. Veness
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Sapinski
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
K. Satou
J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan

A novel rest gas ionisation profile monitor which aims to provide continuous, bunch-by-bunch and turn-by-turn measurement of the transverse beam profile has recently been in- stalled in the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS) as part of the LHC Injector Upgrade (LIU) project. The instrument consists of an electric drift field to transport ionisation electrons produced by beam-gas interaction onto a measurement plane, and a magnetic field to maintain the transverse position of the ionisation electrons. The electron detector located at the measurement plane is based on four in-vacuum hybrid pixel detectors. The detectors record the position, time and energy of single ionisation electrons with unprecedented precision compared to traditional MCP based techniques. Continuous transverse beam profile measurements for LHC-type beams in the PS will be presented, demonstrating the unique capabilities of the instrument to provide new insights into beam dynamics throughout the acceleration cycle.

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WEPMF017

Options for the Spectrometer Magnet of the eRHIC IR

dipole, hadron, shielding, septum

2401

H. Witte, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Presently the electron-ion collider eRHIC is under design, which aims to provide a facility with a peak luminosity of 10³⁴cm^-2sec^-1. This paper outlines different concepts for the so-called B0 magnet, which is the first bending magnet after the interaction region. The B0 magnet has to provide a 1.3 T dipole field to the hadron beam, while the nearby electron beam should not be exposed to any field. Several possible solutions have been evaluated, each with their specific strengths and shortcomings. This paper presents an overview of the solutions.

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WEPMF032

Experimental Studies on Secondary Electron Emission Characteristics for Chamber Materials of Accelerators

electron, experiment, vacuum, neutron

2425

Y. Jiao, Z. Duan, W.B. Liu, Y.D. Liu
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
Liu. S. Liu
Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), People's Republic of China
P.C. Wang
DNSC, Dongguan, People's Republic of China

Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China (11275221) and Key Laboratory Foundation of Particle Acceleration Physics &Technology (Y5294106TD)
Secondary electron emission (SEE) of surface is origin of multipacting effect which could seriously deteriorate beam quality and even perturb the normal operation of particle accelerators. Experimental measurements on secondary electron yield (SEY) on different materials and coating have been developed in many accelerator laboratory. In fact, the SEY is just one parameter of secondary electron emission characteristics which include spatial and energy distribution of emitted electrons. A novel experimental apparatus was set up in China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) and innovative measurement methods were applied to obtain the whole characteristics of SEE. With some traditional accelerator chamber materials such as Cu, Al, TiN, SEY dependence on primary electron energy and beam injection angle, spatial and energy distribution of emitted secondary electrons were achieved with this measurement apparatus. This contribution also tries to give all the experimental results a reasonable theoretical analysis.

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WEPMF079

Experimental Modal Analysis of Lightweight Structures used in Particle Detectors: Optical non-contact Method

laser, experiment, operation, GUI

2565

M. Guinchard, M. Angeletti, F.B. Boyer, A. Catinaccio, C.G. Gargiulo, L.L. Lacny, E.L. Laudi, L.S. Scislo
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

CERN's specialized structures such as particle detectors are built to have high rigidity and low weight, which comes at a cost of their high fragility. Shock and vibration issues are a key element for their successful transport, handling operations around the CERN infra-structure, as well as for their operation underground. The experimental modal analysis measurement technique is performed to validate the Finite Element Analysis in the case of complex structures (with cables and substructure coupling). In the case of lightweight structures, standard contact measurements based on accelerometers are not possible due to the high mass ratio between the accelerometers and the structure itself. In such a case, the vibration of the structure can be calculated based on the Doppler shift of the laser beam reflected off the vibrating surface. This paper details the functioning and application of an advanced laser-scanning vibrometry system, which utilizes the fore-mentioned non-contact method. The results of the Experimental Modal Analysis of selected lightweight structure using this instrument is also presented and discussed.

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WEPMF090

Upgrade of the CMS Experimental Beam Vacuum During LS2

vacuum, experiment, operation, luminosity

2596

J.S. Sestak, G. Bregliozzi, P. Chiggiato, C. Di Paolo
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Starting from December 2018, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is going to interrupt its physic operations for more than two years within the period called second long shutdown (LS2). The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment will undergo the biggest upgrade of its experimental beam vacuum system since the first operations in 2008. The new experimental vacuum layout should comply with demanding structural, vacuum, integration and physics requirements. Moreover, the new layout should be compatible with foreseen engineering changes of the detector and the machine during the upgrade phase of High-Luminosity LHC in LS3. This paper gives an overview of the CMS LS2 experimental vacuum sectors upgrades. Both design and production phase of the new vacuum layout is discussed in detail.

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WEPML067

Second Sound Quench Detection on Superconducting Cavities

cavity, site, SRF, superconducting-cavity

2843

Z.C. Liu, S. Bai, J. Gao, F.S. He, H.Y. Lin, P. Zhang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Second sound is an effective way to detect the quench position on superconducting cavity. A second sound quench site detection system is under developing for the PAPS. High gradient is very important for superconducting cavity, however it may be limited by quench on the cavity high field region. Quench can be caused by various reasons. To locate the position is the key to reveal the mysteries of quench. Now we are developing the quench position detection system by RTD sensors such as Cernox and OST sensors.

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WEPML072

Gas Permeability Measurement of Graphene Films

vacuum, background, experiment, neutron

2856

P.C. Wang, X. Sun
DNSC, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
Liu. S. Liu
Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), People's Republic of China
C. Meng, H. Wang, D.H. Zhu
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Graphene has extremely high strength and thermal conductivity, which can possibly be used for high-power beam window in accelerator. In this paper, gas permeabilities of different graphene films have been measured by the permeation measurement facility. According to the results, the possibility of the graphene-made beam windows will be discussed.

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THPAK106

400 MHz Frequency/phase Detector and Counter

controls, LLRF, FPGA, TRIUMF

3481

X.L. Fu, B. Ji, Z.G. Yin, T.J. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
G. Dennison
UBC & TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
K. Fong, M.P. Laverty, Q. Zheng
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

To enhance the performance and precision of TRIUMF Low Level RF system, a frequency/phase detector and counter based on FPGA is developed. The frequency/phase detector and counter is designed as a daughter board of the low level RF control system, and is connected to the mother board with mixed signal connectors. It sends the frequency error data to the PC though VXI databus, and provides two analog phase errors outputs. In current design, one single unit supports four channel discriminations of RF frequencies/phases. Preliminary tests show that the reported phase detector has a bandwidth of 400MHz. A unique implementation of frequency discrimination was carefully carried out to ensure the resolution can reach as high as 1Hz. The phase-frequency detector has been successfully applied to the Accelerator Cryo Module (ACM) system and the requirement of the low level RF control system is satisfied. After a long-term running test, the stability and reliability of the phase-frequency detector are verified.

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THPAK140

Pyroelectric Detection of Coherent Radiation on the CLARA Phase 1 Beamline

radiation, electron, dipole, simulation

3577

B.S. Kyle
University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
R.B. Appleby, T.H. Pacey
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
P.H. Williams
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
J. Wolfenden
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom

The impacts of coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) and space charge in the bunch compressor section of the CLARA Free Electron Laser (FEL) are expected to be significant, given the relatively high charge and short bunch lengths expected. The General Particle Tracer (GPT) code allows for the modelling of these effects in tandem, presenting an opportunity to more reliably estimate their effects on the CLARA beam. To provide confidence in future studies using GPT, a benchmarking study on the CLARA Phase 1 beamline is presented alongside relevant simulations. This study will make use of pyroelectric detectors to measure the emitted coherent power of the CLARA beam as it passes through a dispersive section whilst varying the chirp imparted on the bunches longitudinal phase space (LPS). Simulations presented demonstrate the viability of such a study, with energies between ∼ 10-100 nJ per pulse expected to be incident upon the detector face.

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THPAL025

New Drift-Tube Linac RF Systems at LANSCE

DTL, controls, LLRF, cavity

3680

J.T.M. Lyles, R.E. Bratton, M.S. Prokop, D. Rees
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

Funding: Work supported by the United States Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Agency, under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396.
LANSCE has restored the proton drift-tube linac (DTL) to high-power capability after the original RF-power tube manufacturer could no longer supply devices that consistently met our high-average power requirement. Thales TH628L Diacrodes® now supply RF power to three of the four DTL tanks. These tetrodes reused the existing infrastructure including water-cooling systems, coaxial transmission lines, high-voltage power supplies and capacitor banks. Each transmitter uses a combined pair of power amplifiers to produce up to 3- MW peak and 360- kW of mean power. A new intermediate power amplifier was simultaneously developed using a TH781 tetrode. Design and prototype testing of the high-power stages was completed in 2012, with commercialization following in 2013. Each installation was accomplished during a 4 to 5 month beam outage each year from 2014-2016. A new digital low-level RF control system was designed, built and placed into operation in 2016. The interaction of the dual power amplifiers, the I/Q LLRF, and the DTL cavities provided many challenges that were overcome. The replacement RF systems have completely met our accelerator requirements.

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THPAL142

Surface Characterization of NbTiN Films for Accelerator Applications

site, SRF, FEL, lattice

3975

D.R. Beverstock, M.J. Kelley, C.E. Reece, J.K. Spradlin, A-M. Valente-Feliciano
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Work supported by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
The development of next-generation SRF cavities requires the deployment of innovative material solutions with RF performance beyond bulk Nb. Theoretical interest has stimulated efforts to grow and characterize thin multi-layer superconductor/insulator/superconductor (SIS) structures for their potential capability of supporting otherwise inaccessible surface magnetic fields in SRF cavities *. The ternary B1-compound NbTiN is among the candidate superconducting materials for SIS structures. Single crystal NbTiN films with thicknesses below 15 nm are also of interest for the development of high resolution, high sensitivity (SNSPD) detectors for particle physics application. Using DC reactive magnetron sputtering, NbTiN can be deposited with nominal superconducting parameters. This contribution presents the on-going material surface and superconducting properties characterization in order to optimize the NbTiN films for each application.
* A Gurevich, "Maximum screening fields of superconducting multilayer structures", AIP ADVANCES 5, 017112 (2015)

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THPMF062

Smith-Purcell Radiation for Bunch Length Measurements at the Injection of MESA

radiation, electron, operation, cavity

4213

P. Heil
IKP, Mainz, Germany
K. Aulenbacher
HIM, Mainz, Germany

Funding: Federal Ministry of Education and Research
MELBA is a test apparatus for the injector of the energy recovering, superconducting accelerator MESA in Mainz. A chopper-buncher system containing two circularly deflecting cavities and a first and second harmonic buncher cavity have been built. They serve to produce short bunches with a longitudinal extension < 600 μm (one degree of RF-phase) in the longitudinal focus for beam currents of up to 10mA. We intend to use Smith-Purcell Radiation (SPR) to test this arrangement. SPR is generated if a charged particle passes close to a periodic metallic structure, e.g. a grating. The signal has a coherent part which increases its intensity quadratically with the bunch charge if the bunch length is smaller than or comparable to the grating period. Different gratings can be placed below the electron beam to determine the length of the electron bunches. This measurement is non-destructive. The generated THz radiation will be observed with a bolometer cooled down to 4.2K which offers sufficient sensitivity in our regime of operation.

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THPMK023

Coherent Transition Radiation Generated from Transverse Electron Density Modulation

radiation, electron, simulation, experiment

4348

A. Halavanau, P. Piot
Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
A.I. Benediktovitch
BSU, Minsk, Belarus, Belarus
S.N. Galyamin, A.V. Tyukhtin
Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
P. Piot
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Coherent Transition radiation (CTR) of a given frequency is commonly generated with longitudinal electron bunch trains. In this paper we present a study of CTR production from electron transverse density modulation. We demonstrate via numerical simulations a simple technique to generate THz-scale frequencies from mm-scale transversely separated electron beamlets. The results and a potential experimental setup are discussed.

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THPMK062

Transverse Energy Distribution Measurements for Polycrystalline and (100) Copper Photocathodes with Known Levels of Surface Roughness

cathode, electron, emittance, experiment

4438

L.B. Jones, B.L. Militsyn, T.C.Q. Noakes
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
L.B. Jones, D.P. Juarez-Lopez, B.L. Militsyn, T.C.Q. Noakes, C.P. Welsch
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
D.P. Juarez-Lopez, C.P. Welsch
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Funding: This work is part of EuCARD-2, partly-funded by the European Commission, GA 312453.
The minimum achievable emittance in an electron accelerator depends strongly on the intrinsic emittance of the photocathode electron source. This is measureable as the mean longitudinal and transverse energy spreads in the photoemitted electrons. ASTeC's Transverse Energy Spread Spectrometer (TESS)* experimental facility can be used with III-V semiconductor, multi-alkali and metal photocathodes to measure transverse and longitudinal energy distributions. Our R&D facilities also include in-vacuum quantum efficiency measurement, XPS, STM, plus ex-vacuum optical and STM microscopy for surface metrology. Intrinsic emittance is strongly affected by the photocathode surface roughness**, and the development of techniques to manufacture the smoothest photocathode is a priority for the electron source community. We present energy distribution measurements for electrons emitted from copper photocathodes with both defined single-crystal (100) and polycrystalline surfaces with measured levels of surface roughness.
* Proc. FEL'13, TUPPS033, pp. 290-293.
** Proc. FEL'06, THPPH013, pp. 583-586.

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THPMK086

Low Intensity Electron Beam Measurement at SLRI Beam Test Facility

electron, synchrotron, booster, target

4502

K. Kittimanapun, N. Chanlek, A. Lakrathok, N. Laoiamnongwong
SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

Funding: This work is supported by the National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) under contract FDA-C0-2558-855-TH.
The SLRI Beam Test Facility (SLRI-BTF), the latest extension of the existing accelerator complex, has recently been in operation at the Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI). SLRI-BTF is capable of providing electron test beams with desired intensity and energy. By means of a wedge target downstream of the 40-MeV linac, the electron intensity of the test beam produced is variable between a few to millions of electrons per burst. The test beam energy is adjustable from 40 MeV to 1.2 GeV, depending on the acceleration time of the synchrotron booster. SLRI-BTF targets to service electron test beams to the development of the high-energy particle detectors and diagnostic instrumentations. In this paper, the measurement of the low intensity electron beam will be discussed.

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THPMK096

Tuners Alignment on Two 9-Cell Cavities with Single Amplifier under Self-Excited Loop

cavity, TRIUMF, linac, cryomodule

4527

K. Fong, Z.T. Ang, M.P. Laverty, Q. Zheng
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

The TRIUMF eLinac ACM consists of two 9-cell cavities which are driven by a single klystron. The output power from the klystron are split by a variable power divider and send down 2 independently phase adjustable transmission lines to their respective cryomodules. The vector sum of the fields from both cryomodules is used for phase-locked self-excited loop regulation. A semi-automatic procedure to tune the 2 cyromodules to provide the correct amplitudes and phases for self-excitation as well as beam acceleration is described.

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THPMK098

A Tunable Narrowband Source in the Sub-THz and THz Range at DELTA

laser, radiation, electron, storage-ring

4534

C. Mai, B. Büsing, S. Khan, A. Meyer auf der Heide, B. Riemann, B. Sawadski, P. Ungelenk
DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
M. Brosi, J.L. Steinmann
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
F. Frei
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
C. Gerth
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
M. Laabs, N. Neumann
TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
N.M. Lockmann
University of Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Hamburg, Germany

Funding: Work supported by the DFG (INST 212/236-1 FUGG), the BMBF (05K13PEC, 05K16PEB) and the state of NRW.
At DELTA, a 1.5-GeV electron storage ring operated as a synchrotron light source by the TU Dortmund University, an interaction of ultrashort laser pulses with electron bunches is used to generate broadband as well as tunable narrowband radiation in the frequency range between 75 GHz and 5.6 THz. The performance of the source was studied using two different Fourier-transform spectrometers. It was demonstrated that the source can be used for the characterization and comparison of Schottky-diode based detectors, e.g., an on-chip spectrometer enabling single-shot applications.

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THPML021

Individual Acceptance Testing and Comprehensive Testing of NSC KIPT SCA Neutron Source Technological Systems and Equipment

neutron, target, electron, MMI

4696

A.Y. Zelinsky, O.V. Bykhun, I.M. Karnaukhov, A. Mytsykov, I. Ushakov
NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine
I. Bolshinsky
INL, Idaho Falls, Idaho, USA
Y. Gohar
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

During 2016-2017 the installation, assembling and commissioning of the NSC KIPT SCA Neutron Source technological systems were completed. The facility was designed and developed by NSC KIPT of Ukraine in collaboration with ANL of USA. The construction of the neutron source facility was started in 2012. The neutrons of the subcritical assembly are generated by 100 MeV/ 100 kW electron beam uniformly distributed at the surface of the tungsten target. It is supposed that the facility will be used to perform basic and applied nuclear research, produce medical isotopes, and train nuclear specialists. The individual acceptance testing and comprehensive testing were conducted for the technological and engineering systems of the neutron source. The tests were performed in compliance with programs and methodologies agreed by the State Nuclear Regulatory Inspectorate of Ukraine. The testing results confirmed compliance of the equipment with technical specifications, standards, regulations and rules on nuclear and radiation safety and preparedness of these systems for trial operation with the KIPT neutron source. The trial operation of the NSC KIPT SCA 'Neutron Source' has been started.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPML021

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THPML058

Recent Results from MICE on Multiple Coulomb Scattering and Energy Loss

scattering, emittance, acceleration, lepton

4766

P. Franchini
University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom

Funding: STFC, DOE, NSF, INFN, and CHIPP
Multiple Coulomb scattering and energy loss are well known phenomena experienced by charged particles as they traverse a material. However, from recent measurements made by the MuScat collaboration, it is known that the available simulation codes (GEANT4, for example) overestimate the scattering of muons in low Z materials. This is of particular interest to the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment* (MICE) collaboration which has the goal of measuring the reduction of the emittance of a muon beam induced by energy loss in low Z absorbers. MICE took data without magnetic field suitable for multiple scattering measurements in the autumn of 2015 with the absorber vessel filled with xenon and in the spring of 2016 using a lithium-hydride absorber. In the autumn of 2016 MICE took data with magnetic fields on and studied the energy loss of muons in a lithium-hydride absorber. These data are all compared with the Bethe-Bloch formula and with the predictions of various models, including the default GEANT4 model.
*Submitted by the MICE Speakers bureau, to be prepared and presented by a MICE member to be selected in due course

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPML058

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THPML074

Image Reconstruction Technique Based on Coded Aperture Imaging for SuperKEKB X-ray Beam Size Monitor

optics, synchrotron, luminosity, electron

4819

E. Mulyani, J.W. Flanagan
Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan
J.W. Flanagan, H. Fukuma, H. Ikeda, M. Tobiyama
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The fast reconstruction techniques based on principles originally developed for coded aperture imaging have been investigated for SuperKEKB accelerator. The establishment of this technique will very important for measuring the beam sizes of all 2500 bunches in the SuperKEKB accelerator over thousands of turns, as needed for instability studies and luminosity tuning, due to the vast quantity of data that needs to be processed in a timely manner.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPML074

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THPML098

Design of Beam Profile Monitor Used at the Xi'an Proton Application Facility (XiPAF)

proton, radiation, experiment, synchrotron

4892

D. Wang, Z.M. Wang
State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
W. Chen
NINT, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
P.F. Ma, Y.G. Yang
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
W. Wang
Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China

A pixel ionization chamber for beam profile monitor (BPrM) is designed and manufactured by a new technology .The detector will be installed on the beam line just upstream of the target device of XiPAF. It has many advantages such as high resolution, high radiation hardness and it can work as a real-time monitor to show the distribution of the delivered relative dose. The physics design and construction of the detector are described in this paper, and its performances are tested offline.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPML098

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THPML106

Electron Microscopy Inspired Setup for Single-Shot 4-D Trace Space Reconstruction of Bright Electron Beams

emittance, electron, focusing, experiment

4909

J. Giner Navarro, D.B. Cesar, P. Musumeci
UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
R.W. Aßmann, B. Marchetti, D. Marx
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

Funding: This work has been partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1549132 and Department of Energy under award No. DE-SC0009914.
In the development of low charge, single-shot diagnostics for high brightness electron beams, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) grids present certain advantages compared to pepper pot masks due to higher beam transmission. In this paper, we developed a set of criteria to optimize the resolution of a point projection image. However, this configuration of the beam with respect to the grid and detector positions implies the measurement of a strongly correlated phase space which entails a large sensitivity to small measurement errors in retrieving the projected emittance. We discuss the possibility of an alternative scheme by inserting a magnetic focusing system in between the grid and the detector, similar to an electron microscope design, to reconstruct the phase space when the beam is focused on the grid.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPML106

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THPML115

Introduction of the Laser Intensity Measurement System for the FELiChEM

laser, FEL, electron, electronics

4936

F.L. Gao, L.T. Huang, P. Lu, B.G. Sun, J.G. Wang, F.F. Wu, Y.L. Yang, T.Y. Zhou
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China

The FELiChEM is a new infrared free electron laser (IR-FEL) facility, which is being built in the National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) in Heifei, China. The facility will provide continuously tunable pulsed laser radiation covering the mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength range from 2.5 to 50μm and the far-infrared (FIR) range from 40 to 200μm. The output macro pulsed laser width is 5-10μs and pulsed laser power is 2-10kW. In order to evaluate pulsed laser saturation time and FEL optical cavity losses, the rise time and fall time of macro pulsed laser need to be measured. Laser intensity measurement system for the FELiChEM is being designed. This system is composed of optical system, pyroelectric detector and electronics. Each module will be described in detail in this paper. The laser intensity measurement system was tested under offline and online conditions. The results showed that pulsed laser of 10μs width can be measured and the design requirement can be met with this system.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPML115

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THPML130

Applications of a Distributed Beam Loss Monitor at the Australian Synchrotron

storage-ring, synchrotron, target, injection

4986

P.J. Giansiracusa, T.G. Lucas, R.P. Rassool, M. Volpi
The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
M.J. Boland
CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
G. LeBlanc
SLSA, Clayton, Australia

A distributed beam loss monitoring system, based on Cherenkov silica fibres, has been installed at the Australian Synchrotron. The fibres are installed parallel to the beam pipe and cover the majority of the injection system and storage ring. Relativistic charged particles from beam loss events that have a velocity above the Cherenkov threshold produce photons in the fibres. These photons are then guided along the fibres to detectors outside of the accelerator tunnels. Originally the system was installed to determine its suitability for measuring losses at a future linear collider, such as the Compact Linear Collider, with single pass 150 ns bunch trains. This study builds on these results and attempts to use the system to measure loss locations with a circulating beam. We present the preliminary results and describe how the system could be improved.

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THPML140

Radiation Monitoring System of HLSII

radiation, monitoring, operation, storage-ring

5011

Lin, H.S. Lin, Y.Q. Cai, S.P. Jiang, Z.B. Sun, Z.R. Zhou
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China

Funding: Supported by the National Science Foundation of China 11675170 By the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities WK2310000056
Monitoring of ionizing radiation of synchrotron radiation facility is very important for the safety of staff and users of the light source. Radiation monitoring system of HLSII has been built and the whole system consists of local radiation monitoring spots and central control system, and a web-based monitoring dynamic release system. The local radiation monitoring spot consists of a high air pressure ionization type gamma detector and a BF3 counting tube neutron detector, and the radiation data are calculated by microcontroller locally and acquired by the data server for further processing. The dynamic release system is integrated with EPICS interface and radiation safety interlock system. Other accelerator systems could obtain radiation data from the server and the interlock system is triggered by the radiation data to shut down the machine in case the radiation exceeds the safety threshold.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPML140

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FRXGBE3

First Demonstration of Ionization Cooling in MICE

emittance, electron, experiment, solenoid

5035

T.A. Mohayai
IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA

The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory has studied ionization cooling of muons. Several million individual muon tracks have been recorded passing through a series of focusing magnets and a liquid hydrogen or lithium hydride absorber in a variety of magnetic configurations. Identification and measurement of muon tracks upstream and downstream of the absorber are used to study the evolution of the 4D (transverse) emittance. This paper presents and discusses these results.

Slides FRXGBE3 [77.079 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-FRXGBE3

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