IPAC2018 - List of Keywords (monitoring)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPMF052	Monitoring and Modeling of the LHC Luminosity Evolution in 2017	luminosity, emittance, experiment, operation	224
	N. Karastathis, F. Antoniou, I. Efthymiopoulos, M. Hostettler, G. Iadarola, S. Papadopoulou, Y. Papaphilippou, D. Pellegrini, B. Salvachua CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	In 2017, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) restarted operation at 6.5 TeV, after an extended end-of-the-year stop, scheduled to deliver 45/fb to the two general-purpose experiments. Continuous monitoring of the key beam parameters and machine configurations that impact the delivered luminosity was introduced, providing fast feedback to operations for further optimisation. The numerical model based on simulations and use of selected machine parameters to estimate the machine luminosity was further developed. The luminosity evolution and comparisons to the model predictions is presented in this paper. The impact of the dynamic variation of the crossing angle, which was incorporated into nominal LHC operation, is also discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPMF052
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MOPML024	Implementation of a Non-Invasive Online Beam Monitor at a 60 MeV Proton Therapy Beamline	detector, proton, cyclotron, operation	449
	R. Schnuerer, C.P. Welsch, S.L. Yap, H.D. Zhang Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom O. Girard, G.J. Haefeli EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland C.P. Welsch The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
	To fully exploit the advantageous dose distribution profiles of ion radiotherapy, an exact knowledge of the beam properties through online beam monitoring is essential, ensuring thus an effective dose delivery to the patient. One potential candidate for an online beam monitor is the LHCb Vertex Locator (VELO). This detector, originally developed for the LHCb experiment, has been adapted to the specific conditions of the clinical environment in a proton therapy centre. The semicircular design and position of its sensitive silicon detector offers a non-invasive way to measure the beam intensity without interfering with the beam core. In this contribution, modifications for VELO are described. The detector is synchronized with the readout of a locally-constructed Faraday Cup and the 25.7 MHz RF frequency of the cyclotron at the Clatterbridge Cancer Centre (CCC). Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations investigate the integration of the detector in the treatment line and behaviour of the beam during delivery. The capability of VELO as a beam monitor will be assessed by measuring the beam current and by monitoring the beam profile along the beamline this summer.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-MOPML024
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TUPAF029	Observation of Fast Losses in the LHC Operation in 2017	operation, detector, betatron, beam-losses	740
	A.A. Gorzawski, N. Fuster-Martínez, S. Redaelli, C. Xu, C. Zamantzas CERN, Geneva, Switzerland R.B. Appleby UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom H. Garcia Morales Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
	Four diamond detectors that provide beam loss measurements with time resolution in the nanosecond range were added in the vicinity of the primary collimators of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This is a powerful diagnostic tool that provides the unique chance to measure bunch-by-bunch losses. The operation of the LHC in 2017 presented several unusual events of fast, high intensity beam losses, many of them captured by the diamond detectors in the betatron cleaning region. In this paper we review some of the relevant loss cases that were analyzed in the wider scope of determining the source of the instability generating these losses. We show few of the possible applications of this detectors in daily operations.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-TUPAF029
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WEPAF058	Detection of X-Rays and Charged Particles via Detuning of the Microwave Resonator	coupling, resonance, network, experiment	1958
	S.P. Antipov Euclid TechLabs, LLC, Solon, Ohio, USA S.V. Kuzikov Euclid Beamlabs LLC, Bolingbrook, USA S. Stoupin Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA A.A. Vikharev IAP/RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
	Funding: DOE SBIR Critically coupled microwave resonator is a finely balanced system, reflection at the resonance is virtually zero. Small changes in dielectric properties of resonator parts destroy this balance, small reflection can be detected from the resonator. This measurement is used in electron paramagnetic resonance studies. In this paper we discuss two accelerator - related applications of this technology. First is related to beam halo measurement taking advantage of high sensitivity of the microwave measurement. High energy particles crossing the diamond inside of a tuned resonator induce a weak conductivity in the sensing material. This small change results in resonator decoupling providing a signal proportional to a number of particles crossing the diamond plate. Second application considered is the x-ray flux monitoring. In this case it is x-ray induced photoconductivity which alters resonator coupling and produces a signal. Interestingly, sensing dielectric material embedded in a resonator can be a diamond or kapton window, refractive lens or part of a silicon monochromator. Thus an inevitable x-ray absorption on optical elements of the beamline is used to monitor x-ray flux online.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF058
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WEPAF067	Alignment and Monitoring Systems for Accelerators and Experiments Based on BCAM - First Results and Benefits of Systems Developed for ATLAS, LHCb and HIE-ISOLDE	detector, alignment, ISOL, target	1983
	J. Gayde, B. Di Girolamo, Y. Kadi, G. Kautzmann, F. Klumb, R. Lindner, D. Mergelkuhl, L. Pontecorvo, M. Raymond, P. Sainvitu, E. Thomas CERN, Geneva, Switzerland F. Blanc, P. Stefko EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
	In the last few years alignment and monitoring systems based on BCAM* cameras active sensors, or their HBCAM evolution, have been developed at the request of the Technical Coordination of LHC experiments and HIE-ISOLDE facility Project Leader. ADEPO (ATLAS DEtector POsition) has been designed to speed up the precise closure - 0.3 mm - of large detector parts representing in total ~2500 tons. For LHCb a system has been studied and installed to monitor the positions of the Inner Tracker stations during the LHCb dipole magnet cycles. The MATHILDE (Monitoring and Alignment Tracking for HIE-ISOLDE) system has been developed to fulfil the alignment and monitoring needs for components of the LINAC enclosed in successive Cryo-Modules. These systems have been in each case configured and adapted to the objectives and environmental conditions: low space for integration; presence of magnetic fields; exposure to non-standard environmental conditions such as high vacuum and cryogenic temperatures. After a short description of the different systems and of the environmental constraints, this paper summarizes their first results, performances and their added value. * BCAM: Brandeis CCD Angle Monitor, http://alignment.hep.brandeis.edu/Devices/BCAM/
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WEPAF068	Frequency Scanning Interferometry as New Solution for on-Line Monitoring Inside a Cryostat for the HL-LHC project	cavity, target, vacuum, dipole	1986
	H. Mainaud Durand, T. Dijoud, J. Gayde, F. Micolon, M. Sosin CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Duquenne, V. Rude ESGT-CNAM, Le Mans, France
	Funding: Research supported by the HL-LHC project For the HL-LHC project, the cryostats of the key components will be equipped permanently with an on-line position monitoring system based on Frequency Scanning Interferometry (FSI). Such a system, based on absolute distance measurement, will determine the position of the inner triplet cold masses w.r.t. their cryostat and the position of the crab cavities also inside their cryostat, within an uncertainty of measurement of 0.1 mm, in a harsh environment: cold temperature of 2 K and high radiation level of the order of 1 MGy. The FSI system was validated first successfully on one LHC dipole cryostat and its associated cold mass to undergo qualification tests under different conditions: warm, vacuum and cold (2K). The FSI system also equips the first crab cavities prototype cryostat. The configuration of the FIS system chosen after simulations, the conditions of tests as well as their results and analysis are presented in this paper.
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WEPAF081	An Enhanced Quench Detection System for Main Quadrupole Magnets in the Large Hadron Collider	quadrupole, controls, power-supply, radiation	2032
	J. Spasic, D.O. Calcoen, R. Denz, V. Froidbise, S. Georgakakis, T. Podzorny, A.P. Siemko, J. Steckert CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	To further improve the performance and reliability of the quench detection system (QDS) for main quadrupole magnets in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), there is a planned upgrade of the system during the long shutdown period of the LHC in 2019-2020. While improving the already existing functionalities of quench detection for quadrupole magnets and field-bus data acquisition, the enhanced QDS will incorporate new functionalities to strengthen and improve the system operation and maintenance. The new functionalities comprise quench heater supervision, interlock loop monitoring, power cycling possibility for the whole QDS and its data acquisition part, monitoring and synchronization of trigger signals, and monitoring of power supplies. In addition, the system will have two redundant power supply feeds. Given that the enhanced QDS units will replace the existing QDS units in the LHC tunnel, the units will be exposed to elevated levels of ionizing radiation. Therefore, it is necessary to design a radiation tolerant detection system. In this work, an overview of the design solution for such enhanced QDS is presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF081
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WEPAL006	Experimental Study of a Differential Beam Intensity Monitoring for the CIADS LINAC	experiment, pick-up, linac, machine-protect	2155
	Z.P. Xie, Y.K. Ding, J. Liang Hohai University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China Y. He, Z.J. Wang, J.X. Wu, Y. Zhang IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Work supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 91026001) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Chinese Central Universities A BPM based beam loss monitoring scheme for the China initiative accelerator driven subcritical (CIADS) facility has been proposed for the MEBT section of its high power Linac. In this scheme, a differential beam monitoring algorithm is utilized that relies on beam intensity measurements using BPM electrodes. Discussions of the experimental results for the scheme are presented. Further experiments have been performed with some promising results. This paper describes the experimental results with some analyses on measurement errors of the system. The proposed physical design of this system is described and further development is presented.
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WEPAL011	iPipe: An Innovative Fiber Optic Monitoring System for Beam Induced Heating on Accelerator Pipes	experiment, radiation, operation, detector	2166
	F. Fienga, S. Buontempo, M.R. Masullo INFN-Napoli, Napoli, Italy A. Ball, N. Beni, B. Salvant, W. Zeuner CERN, Geneva, Switzerland G. Breglio, A. Irace University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy Z. Szillasi ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary V.G. Vaccaro Naples University Federico II and INFN, Napoli, Italy
	The iPipe project consists in the instrumentation, with Fiber Bragg Grating sensors (FBGs), of the beam pipe of the CMS experiment, which is part of the LHC. Being spectrally encoded, the FBGs are not sensitive to electromagnetic interference and broadband-radiation-induced losses. These characteristics allow to realize long distance punctual sensing systems, capable to operate in harsh environments like the underground experimental and accelerator facilities at CERN. The iPipe secures the measurement of any deformation induced on the central beam pipe by any motion in the CMS detector due to element displacement or to magnetic field induced deformations. Moreover, the iPipe FBG temperature sensors represent a unique solution to monitor the beam pipe thermal behavior during the various operational and maintenance phases. This paper reports the use of the iPipe to measure the beam induced heating on the CMS vacuum chamber throughout 2016 and 2017. A first comparison between the measurements and the heat load predicted from beam induced RF heating due to the coupling impedance of the CMS pipe is also reported.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAL011
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WEPAL037	Simulation Study on Luminosity Feedback for Horizontal Beam Stabilization at Superkekb	luminosity, feedback, simulation, ground-motion	2250
	C.G. Pang, P. Bambade LAL, Orsay, France Y. Funakoshi, S. Uehara KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	The SuperKEKB e⁺ e^- collider uses highly focused ultra-low emittance bunches colliding every 4 ns to reach a very high luminosity of 8× 10³⁵ cm^-2s^-1. It is quite essential to have an orbit feedback system at the Interaction Point (IP) to maintain the optimum overlap between the colliding beams in the presence of ground motion disturbances. For the horizontal motion, a luminosity monitoring system, based on measuring the rate of the Bhabha process at vanishing scattering angle, is developed as input signal to the feedback system. The relative precision needed for this monitor is studied in detail, for the different successive stages of luminosity operation, based on a full simulation of this system, including the detector, DAQ, lock-in amplifier, and feedback control.
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WEPAL038	First Tests of Superkekb Fast Luminosity Monitors During 2018 Phase-2 Commissioning	luminosity, detector, simulation, feedback	2254
	C.G. Pang, P. Bambade, S. Di Carlo, D. Jehanno, V. Kubytskyi, Y. Peinaud, C. Rimbault LAL, Orsay, France Y. Funakoshi, S. Uehara KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	The SuperKEKB e⁺e^- collider aims to reach a very high luminosity of 8× 10³⁵ cm^-2s^-1, by using highly focused ultra-low emittance bunches colliding every 4 ns, it is essential to have an orbit feedback system at the Interaction Point (IP) to maintain the optimum overlap between two colliding beams. Luminosity monitoring systems including LumiBelle2 and ZDLM as input to dithering feedback system used to stabilize the horizontal orbit at the IP were developed and will be described, including the detectors, mechanical set-up, DAQ. Preliminary measurements and analysis of background and first stage luminosity monitoring data collected will be reported and compared with simulation.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAL038
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WEPMF080	Investigation and Estimation of the LHC Magnet Vibrations Induced by HL-LHC Civil Engineering Activities	civil-engineering, network, operation, experiment	2568
	M. Guinchard, M. Cabon, C. Charrondière, K. Develle, P. Fessia, L.L. Lacny, J.A. Osborne, L.S. Scislo, J. Wenninger CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	HL-LHC requires the excavation of large underground infrastructures in order to host new equipment. The tunnel shall be ready for installation for LS3 (2022) and therefore its construction shall take in place in parallel with the LHC exploitation. Effect of vibrations induced by civil engineering activities need to be evaluated in order to take required corrective actions. For this purpose, several diverse measurements and experiments have been performed in order to estimate the vibration sources and determine the vibration transfer path through the floor and the structure. The transfer functions from amplitude and phase point of view were determined through molasses rock, for both horizontal and vertical vibrations, with dedicated tools and Experimental Modal Analysis was carried out on mechanical structure. The campaign of measurements have been used to confirm the effect of the surface induced vibration on the circulating beam orbit at the resonance frequencies of the structure. This paper reviews the advanced technique of measurements, results and the conclusion about the impact of operating civil engineering machines (road header, hydraulic hammer) during beam exploitation.
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WEPMG003	Analysis and Operational Feedback of the New High-Energy Beam Dump in the CERN SPS	operation, MMI, simulation, shielding	2608
	A. Perillo-Marcone, M. Calviani, R. Illan Fiastre, P. Rios Rodriguez, G. Romagnoli CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) high-energy internal dump (TIDVG) is used to intercept beam dumps from 10².2 to 450 GeV. An inspection in 2013 revealed significant beam induced damage to the aluminium absorbing block, resulting in operational limitations to minimize the risk of reproducing this phenomenon. Additionally, in 2016 a vacuum leak was detected in the dump assembly, which imposed further limitations, i.e., a reduction of the beam intensity that could be dumped. In the winter stop of 2016-2017, a new version of the TIDVG (featuring several design modifications) was installed. This paper analyses the performance of the dump observed during the commissioning period and subsequent operation in 2017 of the most recent installed version of the TIDVG. The temperature measurements recorded during this time were used to benchmark numerical models that allow predicting the performance of the dump under different conditions. After several iterations, a good agreement between simulations and real measurements was obtained; resulting in numerical models that can produce reliable results for this and other devices with similar design.
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THPAF058	Experimental Characterisation of a Fast Instability Linked to Losses in the 16L2 Cryogenic Half-Cell in the CERN LHC	MMI, electron, operation, pick-up	3103
	B. Salvant, S. A. Antipov, G. Arduini, N. Biancacci, X. Buffat, L.R. Carver, P. Collier, A.A. Gorzawski, W. Höfle, G. Iadarola, G. Kotzian, A. Lechner, T.E. Levens, D. Mirarchi, E. Métral, G. Rumolo, D. Valuch CERN, Geneva, Switzerland L. Mether EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
	The operation during the summer months of the 2017 Run of the CERN LHC was plagued with fast beam losses that repeatedly occurred in the 16th arc half-cell at the left of IP2 as well as in the collimation insertion, leading to unwanted beam dumps. Transverse coherent oscillations were observed during this fast process. We detail here the experimental observations of coherent motion that al-lowed shedding light upon parts of the mechanism and identify the potential mitigations that were successfully implemented in the second half of the Run.
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THPML093	New Fast Kicker Results from the Muon g-2 E-989 Experiment at Fermilab	kicker, experiment, simulation, MMI	4879
	A.P. Schreckenberger The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA D. Barak, C.C. Jensen, G.E. Krafczyk, R.L. Madrak, H. Nguyen, H. Pfeffer, M. Popovic, J.C. Stapleton, C. Stoughton Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA A.T. Chapelain, A.A. Mikhailichenko, D. L. Rubin Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA N.S. Froemming CENPA, Seattle, Washington, USA J.L. Holzbauer UMiss, University, Mississippi, USA A.I. Keshavarzi The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
	We describe the installation, commissioning, and characterization of the injection kicker system for the E-989 experiment at Fermilab for a precision measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment. Control and monitoring systems have been implemented to acquire and record the waveforms of each kicker pulse, and measurements of various kicker system observables were recorded in the presence of the 1.45 T g-2 storage ring magnetic field. These monitoring systems are necessary to understand the systematic contribution to the measurement of the precession frequency. We examine the dependence of muon capture to kicker field predictions.
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THPML140	Radiation Monitoring System of HLSII	radiation, operation, detector, storage-ring	5011
	Lin, H.S. Lin, Y.Q. Cai, S.P. Jiang, Z.B. Sun, Z.R. Zhou USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Supported by the National Science Foundation of China 11675170 By the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities WK2310000056 Monitoring of ionizing radiation of synchrotron radiation facility is very important for the safety of staff and users of the light source. Radiation monitoring system of HLSII has been built and the whole system consists of local radiation monitoring spots and central control system, and a web-based monitoring dynamic release system. The local radiation monitoring spot consists of a high air pressure ionization type gamma detector and a BF3 counting tube neutron detector, and the radiation data are calculated by microcontroller locally and acquired by the data server for further processing. The dynamic release system is integrated with EPICS interface and radiation safety interlock system. Other accelerator systems could obtain radiation data from the server and the interlock system is triggered by the radiation data to shut down the machine in case the radiation exceeds the safety threshold.
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPMF052

Monitoring and Modeling of the LHC Luminosity Evolution in 2017

luminosity, emittance, experiment, operation

224

N. Karastathis, F. Antoniou, I. Efthymiopoulos, M. Hostettler, G. Iadarola, S. Papadopoulou, Y. Papaphilippou, D. Pellegrini, B. Salvachua
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In 2017, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) restarted operation at 6.5 TeV, after an extended end-of-the-year stop, scheduled to deliver 45/fb to the two general-purpose experiments. Continuous monitoring of the key beam parameters and machine configurations that impact the delivered luminosity was introduced, providing fast feedback to operations for further optimisation. The numerical model based on simulations and use of selected machine parameters to estimate the machine luminosity was further developed. The luminosity evolution and comparisons to the model predictions is presented in this paper. The impact of the dynamic variation of the crossing angle, which was incorporated into nominal LHC operation, is also discussed.

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MOPML024

Implementation of a Non-Invasive Online Beam Monitor at a 60 MeV Proton Therapy Beamline

detector, proton, cyclotron, operation

449

R. Schnuerer, C.P. Welsch, S.L. Yap, H.D. Zhang
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
O. Girard, G.J. Haefeli
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
C.P. Welsch
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom

To fully exploit the advantageous dose distribution profiles of ion radiotherapy, an exact knowledge of the beam properties through online beam monitoring is essential, ensuring thus an effective dose delivery to the patient. One potential candidate for an online beam monitor is the LHCb Vertex Locator (VELO). This detector, originally developed for the LHCb experiment, has been adapted to the specific conditions of the clinical environment in a proton therapy centre. The semicircular design and position of its sensitive silicon detector offers a non-invasive way to measure the beam intensity without interfering with the beam core. In this contribution, modifications for VELO are described. The detector is synchronized with the readout of a locally-constructed Faraday Cup and the 25.7 MHz RF frequency of the cyclotron at the Clatterbridge Cancer Centre (CCC). Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations investigate the integration of the detector in the treatment line and behaviour of the beam during delivery. The capability of VELO as a beam monitor will be assessed by measuring the beam current and by monitoring the beam profile along the beamline this summer.

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TUPAF029

Observation of Fast Losses in the LHC Operation in 2017

operation, detector, betatron, beam-losses

740

A.A. Gorzawski, N. Fuster-Martínez, S. Redaelli, C. Xu, C. Zamantzas
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
R.B. Appleby
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
H. Garcia Morales
Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom

Four diamond detectors that provide beam loss measurements with time resolution in the nanosecond range were added in the vicinity of the primary collimators of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This is a powerful diagnostic tool that provides the unique chance to measure bunch-by-bunch losses. The operation of the LHC in 2017 presented several unusual events of fast, high intensity beam losses, many of them captured by the diamond detectors in the betatron cleaning region. In this paper we review some of the relevant loss cases that were analyzed in the wider scope of determining the source of the instability generating these losses. We show few of the possible applications of this detectors in daily operations.

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WEPAF058

Detection of X-Rays and Charged Particles via Detuning of the Microwave Resonator

coupling, resonance, network, experiment

1958

S.P. Antipov
Euclid TechLabs, LLC, Solon, Ohio, USA
S.V. Kuzikov
Euclid Beamlabs LLC, Bolingbrook, USA
S. Stoupin
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
A.A. Vikharev
IAP/RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia

Funding: DOE SBIR
Critically coupled microwave resonator is a finely balanced system, reflection at the resonance is virtually zero. Small changes in dielectric properties of resonator parts destroy this balance, small reflection can be detected from the resonator. This measurement is used in electron paramagnetic resonance studies. In this paper we discuss two accelerator - related applications of this technology. First is related to beam halo measurement taking advantage of high sensitivity of the microwave measurement. High energy particles crossing the diamond inside of a tuned resonator induce a weak conductivity in the sensing material. This small change results in resonator decoupling providing a signal proportional to a number of particles crossing the diamond plate. Second application considered is the x-ray flux monitoring. In this case it is x-ray induced photoconductivity which alters resonator coupling and produces a signal. Interestingly, sensing dielectric material embedded in a resonator can be a diamond or kapton window, refractive lens or part of a silicon monochromator. Thus an inevitable x-ray absorption on optical elements of the beamline is used to monitor x-ray flux online.

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WEPAF067

Alignment and Monitoring Systems for Accelerators and Experiments Based on BCAM - First Results and Benefits of Systems Developed for ATLAS, LHCb and HIE-ISOLDE

detector, alignment, ISOL, target

1983

J. Gayde, B. Di Girolamo, Y. Kadi, G. Kautzmann, F. Klumb, R. Lindner, D. Mergelkuhl, L. Pontecorvo, M. Raymond, P. Sainvitu, E. Thomas
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
F. Blanc, P. Stefko
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland

In the last few years alignment and monitoring systems based on BCAM* cameras active sensors, or their HBCAM evolution, have been developed at the request of the Technical Coordination of LHC experiments and HIE-ISOLDE facility Project Leader. ADEPO (ATLAS DEtector POsition) has been designed to speed up the precise closure - 0.3 mm - of large detector parts representing in total ~2500 tons. For LHCb a system has been studied and installed to monitor the positions of the Inner Tracker stations during the LHCb dipole magnet cycles. The MATHILDE (Monitoring and Alignment Tracking for HIE-ISOLDE) system has been developed to fulfil the alignment and monitoring needs for components of the LINAC enclosed in successive Cryo-Modules. These systems have been in each case configured and adapted to the objectives and environmental conditions: low space for integration; presence of magnetic fields; exposure to non-standard environmental conditions such as high vacuum and cryogenic temperatures. After a short description of the different systems and of the environmental constraints, this paper summarizes their first results, performances and their added value.
* BCAM: Brandeis CCD Angle Monitor, http://alignment.hep.brandeis.edu/Devices/BCAM/

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WEPAF068

Frequency Scanning Interferometry as New Solution for on-Line Monitoring Inside a Cryostat for the HL-LHC project

cavity, target, vacuum, dipole

1986

H. Mainaud Durand, T. Dijoud, J. Gayde, F. Micolon, M. Sosin
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Duquenne, V. Rude
ESGT-CNAM, Le Mans, France

Funding: Research supported by the HL-LHC project
For the HL-LHC project, the cryostats of the key components will be equipped permanently with an on-line position monitoring system based on Frequency Scanning Interferometry (FSI). Such a system, based on absolute distance measurement, will determine the position of the inner triplet cold masses w.r.t. their cryostat and the position of the crab cavities also inside their cryostat, within an uncertainty of measurement of 0.1 mm, in a harsh environment: cold temperature of 2 K and high radiation level of the order of 1 MGy. The FSI system was validated first successfully on one LHC dipole cryostat and its associated cold mass to undergo qualification tests under different conditions: warm, vacuum and cold (2K). The FSI system also equips the first crab cavities prototype cryostat. The configuration of the FIS system chosen after simulations, the conditions of tests as well as their results and analysis are presented in this paper.

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WEPAF081

An Enhanced Quench Detection System for Main Quadrupole Magnets in the Large Hadron Collider

quadrupole, controls, power-supply, radiation

2032

J. Spasic, D.O. Calcoen, R. Denz, V. Froidbise, S. Georgakakis, T. Podzorny, A.P. Siemko, J. Steckert
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

To further improve the performance and reliability of the quench detection system (QDS) for main quadrupole magnets in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), there is a planned upgrade of the system during the long shutdown period of the LHC in 2019-2020. While improving the already existing functionalities of quench detection for quadrupole magnets and field-bus data acquisition, the enhanced QDS will incorporate new functionalities to strengthen and improve the system operation and maintenance. The new functionalities comprise quench heater supervision, interlock loop monitoring, power cycling possibility for the whole QDS and its data acquisition part, monitoring and synchronization of trigger signals, and monitoring of power supplies. In addition, the system will have two redundant power supply feeds. Given that the enhanced QDS units will replace the existing QDS units in the LHC tunnel, the units will be exposed to elevated levels of ionizing radiation. Therefore, it is necessary to design a radiation tolerant detection system. In this work, an overview of the design solution for such enhanced QDS is presented.

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WEPAL006

Experimental Study of a Differential Beam Intensity Monitoring for the CIADS LINAC

experiment, pick-up, linac, machine-protect

2155

Z.P. Xie, Y.K. Ding, J. Liang
Hohai University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
Y. He, Z.J. Wang, J.X. Wu, Y. Zhang
IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China

Funding: Work supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 91026001) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Chinese Central Universities
A BPM based beam loss monitoring scheme for the China initiative accelerator driven subcritical (CIADS) facility has been proposed for the MEBT section of its high power Linac. In this scheme, a differential beam monitoring algorithm is utilized that relies on beam intensity measurements using BPM electrodes. Discussions of the experimental results for the scheme are presented. Further experiments have been performed with some promising results. This paper describes the experimental results with some analyses on measurement errors of the system. The proposed physical design of this system is described and further development is presented.

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WEPAL011

iPipe: An Innovative Fiber Optic Monitoring System for Beam Induced Heating on Accelerator Pipes

experiment, radiation, operation, detector

2166

F. Fienga, S. Buontempo, M.R. Masullo
INFN-Napoli, Napoli, Italy
A. Ball, N. Beni, B. Salvant, W. Zeuner
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
G. Breglio, A. Irace
University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
Z. Szillasi
ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
V.G. Vaccaro
Naples University Federico II and INFN, Napoli, Italy

The iPipe project consists in the instrumentation, with Fiber Bragg Grating sensors (FBGs), of the beam pipe of the CMS experiment, which is part of the LHC. Being spectrally encoded, the FBGs are not sensitive to electromagnetic interference and broadband-radiation-induced losses. These characteristics allow to realize long distance punctual sensing systems, capable to operate in harsh environments like the underground experimental and accelerator facilities at CERN. The iPipe secures the measurement of any deformation induced on the central beam pipe by any motion in the CMS detector due to element displacement or to magnetic field induced deformations. Moreover, the iPipe FBG temperature sensors represent a unique solution to monitor the beam pipe thermal behavior during the various operational and maintenance phases. This paper reports the use of the iPipe to measure the beam induced heating on the CMS vacuum chamber throughout 2016 and 2017. A first comparison between the measurements and the heat load predicted from beam induced RF heating due to the coupling impedance of the CMS pipe is also reported.

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WEPAL037

Simulation Study on Luminosity Feedback for Horizontal Beam Stabilization at Superkekb

luminosity, feedback, simulation, ground-motion

2250

C.G. Pang, P. Bambade
LAL, Orsay, France
Y. Funakoshi, S. Uehara
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The SuperKEKB e⁺ e^- collider uses highly focused ultra-low emittance bunches colliding every 4 ns to reach a very high luminosity of 8× 10³⁵ cm^-2s^-1. It is quite essential to have an orbit feedback system at the Interaction Point (IP) to maintain the optimum overlap between the colliding beams in the presence of ground motion disturbances. For the horizontal motion, a luminosity monitoring system, based on measuring the rate of the Bhabha process at vanishing scattering angle, is developed as input signal to the feedback system. The relative precision needed for this monitor is studied in detail, for the different successive stages of luminosity operation, based on a full simulation of this system, including the detector, DAQ, lock-in amplifier, and feedback control.

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WEPAL038

First Tests of Superkekb Fast Luminosity Monitors During 2018 Phase-2 Commissioning

luminosity, detector, simulation, feedback

2254

C.G. Pang, P. Bambade, S. Di Carlo, D. Jehanno, V. Kubytskyi, Y. Peinaud, C. Rimbault
LAL, Orsay, France
Y. Funakoshi, S. Uehara
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The SuperKEKB e⁺e^- collider aims to reach a very high luminosity of 8× 10³⁵ cm^-2s^-1, by using highly focused ultra-low emittance bunches colliding every 4 ns, it is essential to have an orbit feedback system at the Interaction Point (IP) to maintain the optimum overlap between two colliding beams. Luminosity monitoring systems including LumiBelle2 and ZDLM as input to dithering feedback system used to stabilize the horizontal orbit at the IP were developed and will be described, including the detectors, mechanical set-up, DAQ. Preliminary measurements and analysis of background and first stage luminosity monitoring data collected will be reported and compared with simulation.

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WEPMF080

Investigation and Estimation of the LHC Magnet Vibrations Induced by HL-LHC Civil Engineering Activities

civil-engineering, network, operation, experiment

2568

M. Guinchard, M. Cabon, C. Charrondière, K. Develle, P. Fessia, L.L. Lacny, J.A. Osborne, L.S. Scislo, J. Wenninger
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

HL-LHC requires the excavation of large underground infrastructures in order to host new equipment. The tunnel shall be ready for installation for LS3 (2022) and therefore its construction shall take in place in parallel with the LHC exploitation. Effect of vibrations induced by civil engineering activities need to be evaluated in order to take required corrective actions. For this purpose, several diverse measurements and experiments have been performed in order to estimate the vibration sources and determine the vibration transfer path through the floor and the structure. The transfer functions from amplitude and phase point of view were determined through molasses rock, for both horizontal and vertical vibrations, with dedicated tools and Experimental Modal Analysis was carried out on mechanical structure. The campaign of measurements have been used to confirm the effect of the surface induced vibration on the circulating beam orbit at the resonance frequencies of the structure. This paper reviews the advanced technique of measurements, results and the conclusion about the impact of operating civil engineering machines (road header, hydraulic hammer) during beam exploitation.

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WEPMG003

Analysis and Operational Feedback of the New High-Energy Beam Dump in the CERN SPS

operation, MMI, simulation, shielding

2608

A. Perillo-Marcone, M. Calviani, R. Illan Fiastre, P. Rios Rodriguez, G. Romagnoli
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) high-energy internal dump (TIDVG) is used to intercept beam dumps from 10².2 to 450 GeV. An inspection in 2013 revealed significant beam induced damage to the aluminium absorbing block, resulting in operational limitations to minimize the risk of reproducing this phenomenon. Additionally, in 2016 a vacuum leak was detected in the dump assembly, which imposed further limitations, i.e., a reduction of the beam intensity that could be dumped. In the winter stop of 2016-2017, a new version of the TIDVG (featuring several design modifications) was installed. This paper analyses the performance of the dump observed during the commissioning period and subsequent operation in 2017 of the most recent installed version of the TIDVG. The temperature measurements recorded during this time were used to benchmark numerical models that allow predicting the performance of the dump under different conditions. After several iterations, a good agreement between simulations and real measurements was obtained; resulting in numerical models that can produce reliable results for this and other devices with similar design.

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THPAF058

Experimental Characterisation of a Fast Instability Linked to Losses in the 16L2 Cryogenic Half-Cell in the CERN LHC

MMI, electron, operation, pick-up

3103

B. Salvant, S. A. Antipov, G. Arduini, N. Biancacci, X. Buffat, L.R. Carver, P. Collier, A.A. Gorzawski, W. Höfle, G. Iadarola, G. Kotzian, A. Lechner, T.E. Levens, D. Mirarchi, E. Métral, G. Rumolo, D. Valuch
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
L. Mether
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland

The operation during the summer months of the 2017 Run of the CERN LHC was plagued with fast beam losses that repeatedly occurred in the 16th arc half-cell at the left of IP2 as well as in the collimation insertion, leading to unwanted beam dumps. Transverse coherent oscillations were observed during this fast process. We detail here the experimental observations of coherent motion that al-lowed shedding light upon parts of the mechanism and identify the potential mitigations that were successfully implemented in the second half of the Run.

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THPML093

New Fast Kicker Results from the Muon g-2 E-989 Experiment at Fermilab

kicker, experiment, simulation, MMI

4879

A.P. Schreckenberger
The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
D. Barak, C.C. Jensen, G.E. Krafczyk, R.L. Madrak, H. Nguyen, H. Pfeffer, M. Popovic, J.C. Stapleton, C. Stoughton
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
A.T. Chapelain, A.A. Mikhailichenko, D. L. Rubin
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
N.S. Froemming
CENPA, Seattle, Washington, USA
J.L. Holzbauer
UMiss, University, Mississippi, USA
A.I. Keshavarzi
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom

We describe the installation, commissioning, and characterization of the injection kicker system for the E-989 experiment at Fermilab for a precision measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment. Control and monitoring systems have been implemented to acquire and record the waveforms of each kicker pulse, and measurements of various kicker system observables were recorded in the presence of the 1.45 T g-2 storage ring magnetic field. These monitoring systems are necessary to understand the systematic contribution to the measurement of the precession frequency. We examine the dependence of muon capture to kicker field predictions.

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THPML140

Radiation Monitoring System of HLSII

radiation, operation, detector, storage-ring

5011

Lin, H.S. Lin, Y.Q. Cai, S.P. Jiang, Z.B. Sun, Z.R. Zhou
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China

Funding: Supported by the National Science Foundation of China 11675170 By the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities WK2310000056
Monitoring of ionizing radiation of synchrotron radiation facility is very important for the safety of staff and users of the light source. Radiation monitoring system of HLSII has been built and the whole system consists of local radiation monitoring spots and central control system, and a web-based monitoring dynamic release system. The local radiation monitoring spot consists of a high air pressure ionization type gamma detector and a BF3 counting tube neutron detector, and the radiation data are calculated by microcontroller locally and acquired by the data server for further processing. The dynamic release system is integrated with EPICS interface and radiation safety interlock system. Other accelerator systems could obtain radiation data from the server and the interlock system is triggered by the radiation data to shut down the machine in case the radiation exceeds the safety threshold.

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