Keyword: solenoid
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MOBC3 Electron Lenses for Experiments on Nonlinear Dynamics with Wide Stable Tune Spreads in the Fermilab Integrable Optics Test Accelerator electron, lattice, optics, operation 46
 
  • G. Stancari, K. Carlson, M.W. McGee, L.E. Nobrega, A.L. Romanov, J. Ruan, A. Valishev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • D. Noll
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  
  Funding: Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under Contract DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the US Department of Energy.
Recent developments in the study of integrable Hamiltonian systems have led to nonlinear accelerator lattice designs with two transverse invariants. These lattices may drastically improve the performance of high-power machines, providing wide tune spreads and Landau damping to protect the beam from instabilities, while preserving dynamic aperture. To test the feasibility of these concepts, the Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) is being designed and built at Fermilab. One way to obtain a nonlinear integrable lattice is by using the fields generated by a magnetically confined electron beam (electron lens) overlapping with the circulating beam. The parameters of the required device are similar to the ones of existing electron lenses. We present theory, numerical simulations, and first design studies of electron lenses for nonlinear integrable optics. 		 
slides icon Slides MOBC3 [11.870 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOBC3  
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MOPWA026 Demonstration of Flat Ion Beam Creation and Injection into a Synchrotron emittance, injection, synchrotron, ion 153
 
  • L. Groening, S. Appel, L.H.J. Bozyk, Y. El Hayek, M.T. Maier, C. Xiao
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  At GSI an ion beam with different horizontal and vertical emittances has been created from a beam with initially equal emittances. This round-to-flat adoption has been accomplished without any beam loss. In the set-up the beam passes through a stripping foil placed inside a solenoid followed by a skewed quadrupole triplet. The amount of beam flatness has been controlled by setting the solenoid field strength only. Increase of the product of the two transverse emittances is purely due to the stripping process that occurs anyway along an ion linac. Beams with different amounts of flatness were injected into a synchrotron applying horizontal multi-turn injection. The efficiency of injection increased as smaller as the horizontal emittance was set by the round-to-flat adaptor.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPWA026  
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MOPWA057 Space Charge Simulation and Matching at Low Energy Section of J-PARC Linac rfq, space-charge, emittance, simulation 251
 
  • S. Artikova, T. Morishita
    JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
  • Y. Kondo
    JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
  
  An intensity upgrade of Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) included the installation of a new ion source (IS) and a radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) which to be used at first stage of acceleration. The linac is divided into two sections on the basis of operating frequencies and three sections on the basis of family of RF cavities to be used for the acceleration of 50 mA beam of H− ions from 50 keV to 400 MeV. Low energy part of linac consists of an IS, a two-solenoid low energy beam transport (LEBT) and the RFQ. The transition from one section to another can limit the acceptance of the linac if these are not matched properly in both longitudinal and transverse plane. We performed a study to calculate the acceptance of the RFQ at zero current in which space charge effects are not considered. In addition, a particle tracking technique is employed to study the space charge effects in LEBT of the J-PARC linac after the intensity upgrade in order to match the beam to the RFQ. Also, RFQ tank level and intervene voltage calibration factor is determined by comparing the simulation results of the beam transmission with the test measurement of tank level vs. transmission.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPWA057  
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MOPWA069 Upgrades on a Scalable Software Package for Large Scale Beam Dynamic Simulations software, simulation, DTL, space-charge 282
 
  • X.T. Dong, K. Du, J. Xu, R. Zhao
    IS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
  • Y. He, Z.J. Wang
    IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
  • C. Li, Q. Qin, Y.L. Zhao
    IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
  
  Large-scale particle tracking is important for precise design and optimization of the linear accelerator. In this paper a parallel software recently developed for beam dynamics simulation has been benchmarked. The software is based on Particle-In-Cell method, and calculates space charge field by an efficient three-dimension parallel fast Fourier transform method. It uses domain decomposition and MPI library for parallelization. The characteristics of this software are optimized software structure and suitable for modern supercomputers. Several standard accelerating devices have been used to compare the simulation results with other beam dynamics software. They have been run on several different platforms, such as INSPUR cluster at RDCPS, and SHENGTENG7000 at IMPCAS. At first, some simulation results for RFQ with large number of particles will be shown.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPWA069  
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MOPJE055 Design of an Intense Muon Source with a Carbon and Mercury Target target, proton, factory, collider 423
 
  • D. Stratakis, J.S. Berg
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • X.P. Ding
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
  • D.V. Neuffer
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Authored by employees of Brookhaven Science Associates LLC under Contract DE-SC0012704 and with Fermi Research Alliance LLC under Contract DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy
In high-intensity sources, muons are produced by firing high energy protons onto a target to produce pions. The pions decay to muons which are captured and accelerated. In the present study, we examine the performance of the channel for two different target scenarios: one based on liquid mercury and another one based on a solid carbon target. We produce distributions with the two different target materials and discuss differences in particle spectrum near the sources. We then propagate the distributions through our capture system and compare the full system performance for the two target types. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPJE055  
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MOPJE076 Multi-objective Genetic Optimization with the General Particle Tracer (GPT) Code emittance, factory, cavity, target 492
 
  • S.B. van der Geer, M.J. de Loos
    Pulsar Physics, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
  
  In a typical design process there are a large number of variables, external constraints, and multiple conflicting objectives. Examples of the latter are short pulse, high charge, low emittance and low price. The classical solution to handle such problems is to combine all objectives into one merit function. This however implicitly assumes that the tradeoffs between all objectives are a-priori known. Especially in the early design stages this is hardly ever the case. A popular solution to this problem is to switch to multi-objective genetic optimization algorithms. This class of algorithms solves the problem by genetically optimising an entire population of sample solutions. Selection and recombination operators are defined such that the output, the so-called Pareto front, only includes solutions that are fully optimized where no objective can be improved without degrading any other. Here we present numerical studies and practical test runs of the genetic optimizer built into the General Particle Tracer (GPT) code.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPJE076  
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MOPHA027 Transverse Emittance Measurement at REGAE emittance, electron, detector, background 837
 
  • M. Hachmann, K. Flöttmann
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  The linear accelerator REGAE at DESY produces short and low charged electron bunches, on the one hand to resolve the excitation transitions of atoms temporally by pump probe electron diffraction experiments and on the other hand to investigate principal mechanisms of laser plasma acceleration. For both cases a high quality electron beam is required which can be identified with a small beam emittance. A standard magnet scan is used for the emittance measurement which is in case of a low charged bunch most sensitive to the beam size determination (2nd central moment of a distribution). Therefore the diagnostic and a routine to calculate proper central moments of an arbitrary distribution will be introduced and discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPHA027  
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MOPTY082 Beam Instrumentation of the PXIE LEBT Beam Line emittance, ion, ion-source, diagnostics 1129
 
  • R.T.P. D'Arcy
    UCL, London, United Kingdom
  • B.M. Hanna, L.R. Prost, V.E. Scarpine, A.V. Shemyakin
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  The PXIE accelerator is the front-end test stand of the proposed Proton Improvement Plan (PIP-II) initiative: a CW-compatible pulsed H− superconducting RF linac upgrade to Fermilab’s injection system. The PXIE Ion Source and Low-Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) section are designed to create and transfer a 1–10 mA H− beam, in either pulsed (0.001–16 ms) or DC mode, from the ion source through to the injection point of the RFQ. This paper discusses the range of diagnostic tools —Allison-type Emittance Scanner, Faraday Cup, Toroid, DCCT, electrically isolated diaphragms – involved in the commissioning of the beamline and preparation of the beam for injection into the RFQ.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPTY082  
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MOPWI026 Transverse Matching of Horizontal-Vertical Coupled Beams for the FRIB Linac linac, quadrupole, simulation, lattice 1211
 
  • Y. Zhang, P. Chu, Z.Q. He, S.M. Lund, D.G. Maxwell
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661
FRIB driver linac will deliver all heavy ion beams up to uranium with energy above 200 MeV/u, and maximum beam power on target 400 kW for nuclear physics research. Strong horizontal-vertical beam coupling exists in the FRIB linac since superconducting solenoids are applied to focus multi charge state beams. Further, the FRIB low beta SRF cavities have raised quadrupole field components. The combined effects make beam transverse matching challenging. In this paper, we study transverse matching of horizontal-vertical coupled beams based on beam profile measurements with multiple wire scanners. There are multiple solutions for the initial linac beams with coupling, and errors of the beam diagnostics and magnet power supplies introduce further complication. Nonetheless, simulation studies show that satisfactory transverse matching can be achieved with proper linac beam tuning. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPWI026  
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TUBD2 Final Cooling For a High-luminosity High-energy Lepton Collider emittance, collider, luminosity, linac 1384
 
  • D.V. Neuffer
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • T.L. Hart, D.J. Summers
    UMiss, University, Mississippi, USA
  • H. K. Sayed
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the U. S. Department of Energy.
The final cooling system for a high-energy high-luminosity muon collider requires reduction of the transverse emittance by an order of magnitude to ~0.00003 m (rms, N), while allowing longitudinal emittance increase to ~0.1m. In the present baseline approach, this is obtained by transverse cooling of low-energy muons within a sequence of high field solenoids with low-frequency rf systems. Recent studies of such systems are presented. Since the final cooling steps are actually emittance exchange a variant form of that final system can be obtained by a round to flat transform in x-y, with transverse slicing of the enlarged flat transverse dimension followed by longitudinal recombination of the sliced bunchlets. Development of final exchange following lowest-emittance cooling is discussed. 		 
slides icon Slides TUBD2 [1.976 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-TUBD2  
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TUPWA032 Progress in the Injector Upgrade of the LINAC II at DESY electron, linac, gun, simulation 1479
 
  • Y.C. Nie, M. Hüning, C. Liebig, M. Schmitz
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  A new injection system is under development for the LINAC II at DESY to improve the reliability of the machine and mitigate the radiological problem due to electron losses at energy of hundreds of MeV. It consists of a 100 kV triode DC gun, a 2.998 GHz pre-buncher, a novel 2.998 GHz hybrid buncher, and the dedicated beam transport and diagnostic elements. As the key components, the pre-buncher and the hybrid buncher realize a two-stage velocity bunching process including the ballistic bunching and the phase space rotation. Therefore, they produce a certain number of well-bunched 5 MeV micro-bunches from the input 2 ns-50 ns electron pulse for the downstream LINAC II. The overall upgrade plan, developments of the critical components, as well as the latest beam test results will be reported.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-TUPWA032  
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TUPJE041 Progress on a Compact Accelerator Design for a Compton Light Source gun, dipole, linac, space-charge 1706
 
  • K.E. Deitrick, J.R. Delayen, B.R.P. Gamage, G.A. Krafft, T. Satogata
    ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
  
  A compact Compton light source using an electron linear accelerator is in design at the Center for Accelerator Science at Old Dominion University and Jefferson Lab. We report on the current design, including beam properties through the entire system based on a full end-to-end simulation, compare current specifications to design goals, and target areas for improvement.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-TUPJE041  
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TUPMA020 PEPPo: Using a Polarized Electron Beam to Produce Polarized Positrons positron, electron, target, polarization 1878
 
  • A.H. Adeyemi, P.L. Gueye
    Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia, USA
  • P.A. Adderley, M.M. Ali, H. Areti, J. F. Benesch, L.S. Cardman, J. Clark, S. Covert, C. Cuevas, A. Freyberger, S. Golge, J.M. Grames, P.L. Gueye, J. Hansknecht, P.L. Harrell, C. Hyde, R. Kazimi, Y. Kim, D. Machie, K.L. Mahoney, R.R. Mammei, J.L. McCarter, M.D. McCaughan, M. Poelker, M.L. Stutzman, R. Suleiman, C.-Y. Tsai, D.L. Turner, Y.W. Wang
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • M.A. Baylac, E. Froidefond, M. Marton, J-F. Muraz, J-S. Real, E. J-M. Voutier
    LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
  • P. Cole, D. Dale, T.A. Forest
    ISU, Pocatello, Idaho, USA
  • O. Dadoun, A. Variola
    LAL, Orsay, France
  • D. Dale, Y. Kim
    IAC, Pocatello, Idaho, USA
  • EF. Fanchini
    INFN Genova, Genova, Italy
  • S. Golge
    NCCU, , North Carolina, USA
  • S. Golge, C. Hyde
    ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
  • J.L. McCarter
    UVa, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
  • C.-Y. Tsai
    Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
  • A. Variola
    IN2P3-CNRS, Orsay, France
  
  Polarized positron beams have been identified as either an essential or a significant ingredient for the experimental program of both the present and next generation of lepton accelerators (JLab, Super KEK B, ILC, CLIC). An experiment demonstrating a new method for producing polarized positrons has been performed at the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility at Jefferson Lab. The PEPPo (Polarized Electrons for Polarized Positrons) concept relies on the production of polarized e−/e+ pairs from the bremsstrahlung radiation of a longitudinally polarized electron beam interacting within a high Z conversion target. PEPPo demonstrated the effective transfer of spin-polarization of an 8.2 MeV/c polarized (P~85%) electron beam to positrons produced in varying thickness tungsten production targets, and collected and measured in the range of 3.1 to 6.2 MeV/c. In comparison to other methods this technique reveals a new pathway for producing either high energy or thermal polarized positron beams using a relatively low polarized electron beam energy (~10MeV) .This presentation will describe the PEPPo concept, the motivations of the experiment and high positron polarization achieved.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-TUPMA020  
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TUPTY017 Ion Polarization Control in the MPD and SPD Detectors of the NICA Collider polarization, collider, detector, proton 2031
 
  • A.D. Kovalenko, A.V. Butenko, V.D. Kekelidze, V.A. Mikhaylov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • Y. Filatov
    MIPT, Dolgoprudniy, Moscow Region, Russia
  • A.M. Kondratenko, M.A. Kondratenko
    Science and Technique Laboratory Zaryad, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  Two solenoid Siberian snakes are placed in the opposite collider’s straight sections are used to control deuteron’s and proton’s polarization in the NICA collider. Solenoid snakes substantially reconstruct beam’s orbital motion. The change of the polarization direction in the vertical plane of MPD and SPD detectors occurs due to insertion of polarization control (PC) solenoids in the magnetic lattice of the collider. The solenoids rotating particle’s spin by small angels practically do not influence on the beam’s orbital motion parameters. The dynamic of the polarization vector as function of the orbit length for cases of longitudinal and vertical polarization in the MPD and SPD detectors are presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-TUPTY017  
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TUPWI029 Baseline Scheme for Polarization Preservation and Control in the MEIC Ion Complex polarization, ion, collider, controls 2301
 
  • V.S. Morozov, Y.S. Derbenev, F. Lin, Y. Zhang
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • Y. Filatov
    MIPT, Dolgoprudniy, Moscow Region, Russia
  • A.M. Kondratenko, M.A. Kondratenko
    Science and Technique Laboratory Zaryad, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177 and DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The scheme for preservation and control of the ion polarization in the Medium-energy Electron-Ion Collider (MEIC) has been under active development in recent years. The figure-8 configuration of the ion rings provides a unique capability to control the polarization of any ion species including deuterons by means of "weak" solenoids rotating the particle spins by small angles. Insertion of "weak" solenoids into the magnetic lattices of the booster and collider rings solves the problem of polarization preservation during acceleration of the ion beam. Universal 3D spin rotators designed on the basis of "weak" solenoids allow one to obtain any polarization orientation at an interaction point of MEIC. This paper presents the baseline scheme for polarization preservation and control in the MEIC ion complex. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-TUPWI029  
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TUPWI030 Numerical Calculation of the Ion Polarization in MEIC polarization, collider, controls, proton 2304
 
  • V.S. Morozov, Y.S. Derbenev, F. Lin, Y. Zhang
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • Y. Filatov
    MIPT, Dolgoprudniy, Moscow Region, Russia
  • A.M. Kondratenko, M.A. Kondratenko
    Science and Technique Laboratory Zaryad, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177 and DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Ion polarization in the Medium-energy Electron-Ion Collider (MEIC) is controlled by means of universal 3D spin rotators designed on the basis of “weak” solenoids. We use numerical calculations to demonstrate that the 3D rotators have negligible effect on the orbital properties of the ring. We present calculations of the polarization dynamics along the collider’s orbit for both longitudinal and transverse polarization directions at a beam interaction point. We calculate the degree of depolarization due to the longitudinal and transverse beam emittances in case when the zero-integer spin resonance is compensated. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-TUPWI030  
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TUPWI037 Electron Cooling Study for MEIC electron, proton, emittance, ion 2326
 
  • H. Zhang, Y.S. Derbenev, D. Douglas, Y. Zhang
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177 and No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Electron cooling of the ion beams is one critical R&D to achieve high luminosities in JLab’s MEIC proposal. In the present MEIC design, a multi-staged cooling scheme is adapted, which includes DC electron cooling in the booster ring and bunched beam electron cooling in the collider ring at both the injection energy and the collision energy. We explored the feasibility of using both magnetized and non-magnetized electron beam for cooling, and concluded that a magnetized electron beam is necessary. Electron cooling simulation results for the newly updated MEIC design is also presented. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-TUPWI037  
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TUPWI040 End-to-End Simulation of Bunch Merging for a Muon Collider kicker, collider, emittance, simulation 2336
 
  • Y. Bao, G.G. Hanson
    UCR, Riverside, California, USA
  • R.B. Palmer, D. Stratakis
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  
  Muon accelerator beams are commonly produced indirectly through pion decay by interaction of a charged particle beam with a target. Efficient muon capture requires the muons to be first phase-rotated by rf cavities into a train of 21 bunches with much reduced energy spread. Since luminosity is proportional to the square of the number of muons per bunch, it is crucial for a Muon Collider to use relatively few bunches with many muons per bunch. In this paper we will describe a bunch merging scheme that should achieve this goal. We present for the first time a complete end-to-end simulation of a 6D bunch merger for a Muon Collider. The 21 bunches arising from the phase-rotator, after some initial cooling, are merged in longitudinal phase space into 7 bunches, which then go through 7 paths with different lengths and reach at the final collecting ”funnel” at the same time. The final single bunch has a transverse and a longitudinal emittance that matches well with the subsequent 6D rectilinear cooling scheme.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-TUPWI040  
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TUPWI047 Target and Orbit Feedback Simulations of a muSR Beamline at BNL target, proton, feedback, kicker 2353
 
  • W. Fischer, M. Blaskiewicz, P.H. Pile
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • W.W. MacKay
    Weirich Consulting Services, Inc., Huntersville, North Carolina, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by U.S. DOE under contract No DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Well-polarized positive surface muons are a tool to measure the magnetic properties of materials since the precession rate of the spin can be determined from the observation of the positron directions when the muons decay. The use of the AGS complex at BNL has been explored for a muSR facility previously. Here we report simulations of a beamline with a target inside a solenoid, and of an orbit feedback system with single muon beam positioning monitors based on technology available today. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-TUPWI047  
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WEBB1 Plans for Deployment of Hollow Electron Lenses at the LHC for Enhanced Beam Collimation electron, collimation, operation, gun 2462
 
  • S. Redaelli, A. Bertarelli, R. Bruce, D. Perini, A. Rossi, B. Salvachua
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • G. Stancari, A. Valishev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Hollow electron lenses are considered as a possible mean to improve the LHC beam collimation system, providing an active control of halo diffusion rates and suppressing the population of transverse halos. After a very successful experience at the Tevatron, a conceptual design of a hollow e-lens optimized for the LHC was produced. Recent further studies have led to a mature preliminary technical design. In this paper, possible scenarios for the deployment of this technology at the LHC are elaborated in the context of the scheduled LHC long shutdowns until the full implementation of the HL-LHC upgrade in 2023. Possible setups of electron beam test stands at CERN and synergies with other relevant electron beam programmes outside CERN are also discussed.  
slides icon Slides WEBB1 [3.216 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEBB1  
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WEPWA021 A New DC Muon Beam Line at RCNP, Osaka University proton, target, quadrupole, positron 2537
 
  • Y. Matsumoto, Y. Kohno, Y. Kuno, Y. Nakazawa, H. Sakamoto, A. Sato
    Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
  • M. Fukuda, K. Hatanaka, Y. Kawashima, S. Morinobu, K. Takahisa, H. Ueda
    RCNP, Osaka, Japan
  • M. Ieiri, M. Minakawa
    KEK, Tsukuba, Japan
  
  A new DC muon beam line has been constructed at RCNP, Osaka University. The MuSIC, which has the highest muon production efficiency using superconducting solenoidal magnets, has successfully demonstrated to provide a 2x108 [mu+/sec/micro A]. In 2014, the solenoid solenoidal magnets of the MuSIC were extended by a new beam line with normal conducting magnets. The new beamline consists of beam slits, quadrupole magnets, bending magnets and a spin rotator. This new beamline is designed for muon experiments such as μSR experiments and muonic X-ray measurements. In order to study the performance of the beams provided by the beamline , a beam test will be performed in December 2014. In this paper, I will present about a detail design of MuSIC including the new beamline and result of the beam test.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPWA021  
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WEPWA031 A Compact Multiply Charged Ion Source for Hadrontherapy Facility ion, plasma, injection, ion-source 2563
 
  • L. Celona, L. Andò, G. Castro, F. Chines, G. Ciavola, S. Gammino, O. Leonardi, D. Mascali, L. Neri, D. Nicolosi, F. Noto, F. Romano, G. Torrisi
    INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
  • G. Ciavola
    CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy
  • G. Torrisi
    Universitá Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
  
  The ion sources, required by medical applications, must provide intense ion beams, with high reproducibility, stability and brightness. AISHa (Advanced Ion Source for Hadrontherapy) is a compact ECRIS whose hybrid magnetic system consists of a permanent Halbach-type hexapole magnet and a set of independently energized superconducting coils. These will be enclosed in a compact cryostat with two cryocoolers to operate without LHe. The microwave injection system has been designed for maximizing the beam quality through a fine frequency tuning within the 17.3-18.4 GHz band which is possible by using an innovative variable frequency klystron. The introduction of an integrated oven will allow the production of metal ions beams with relatively high intensity. “Accel-decel” extraction system will be used. The LEBT line will consist of a solenoid and a 90° dipole for ions selection. Two diagnostic boxes, made of Faraday cups, beam wires and slits, will allow the investigation of the beam composition and its properties. Moreover, a system of scintillating screens and CCD cameras, placed after the solenoid will allow the investigation of the Frequency Tuning Effect on the source performances.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPWA031  
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WEPWA064 Ionization Cooling Channels in COSY Infinity emittance, space-charge, simulation, multipole 2652
 
  • B.T. Loseth, M. Berz
    MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  • P. Snopok
    Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
  
  Ionization cooling is a method to reduce the emittance of a beam through the use of absorbers, rf cavities, and strong solenoids for focusing, arranged into a condensed lattice. By tuning lattice parameters, it is possible to construct a staged cooling channel in which the beam emittance is always considerably greater than the minimum value. In the late stages of the cooling channel, space charge effects can become a significant obstacle to further emittance reduction once the beam becomes sufficiently condensed. A method has been implemented in COSY Infinity, a beam dynamics simulation and analysis code, which efficiently and accurately calculates the self-fields of all particles on each other based on a variant of the Fast Multipole Method (FMM). In this paper, we present simulations of a muon ionization cooling channel performed in COSY, utilizing the FMM, benchmarked against G4beamline, a standard code for muon beam analysis, in order to investigate the significance of space charge effects.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPWA064  
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WEPJE016 INTENSE MUON BEAMS FROM THE CSNS SPALLATION TARGET target, proton, neutron, experiment 2708
 
  • Y. Bao, G.G. Hanson
    UCR, Riverside, California, USA
  
  Intense muon beams are useful for a wide range of physics experiments. Currently most of the muon beams are produced by protons hitting thin targets sitting upstream of spallation neutron targets. The intensity of the muons is greatly limited by the small thickness of the muon targets, which are intended to have minimum impact on the proton beams. When the majority of the proton beam hits the spallation target, a large number of pions/muons are produced. After being captured in a solenoidal magnetic field, a high intensity muon beam can be produced. In this paper we take the Chinese Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) target as an example and investigate the production of high intensity muon beams. Two possibilities are presented in this paper: an upstream collection of surface muons and a downstream collection of pions which is followed by a decay and compress channel to obtain a high intensity muon beam. Simulations show both methods can reach high intensities which could significantly increase the statistics of many experiments.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPJE016  
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WEPJE027 Partial Return Yoke for MICE Step IV and Final Step shielding, simulation, experiment, instrumentation 2732
 
  • H. Witte, J.S. Berg, S.R. Plate
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • A.D. Bross
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • J.S. Tarrant
    STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
This paper reports on the progress of the design and construction of a retro-fitted return yoke for the international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE). MICE is a proof-of-principle experiment aiming to demonstrate ionization cooling experimentally. In earlier studies we outlined how a partial return yoke can be used to mitigate stray magnetic field in the experimental hall; we report on the progress of the construction of the partial return yoke for MICE Step IV. We also discuss an extension of the Partial Return Yoke for the final step of MICE; we show simulation results of the expected performance. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPJE027  
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WEPMA030 Design and Characterization of Permanent Magnetic Solenoids for REGAE emittance, electron, experiment, simulation 2822
 
  • M. Hachmann, K. Flöttmann, T. Gehrke, F. Mayet
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  REGAE is a small electron linear accelerator at DESY. In order to focus short and low charged electron bunches down to a few micrometre permanent magnetic solenoids were designed, assembled and field measurements were done. Due to a shortage of space close to the operation area an in-vacuum solution has been chosen. Furthermore a tworing design made of wedges has been preferred in terms of beam dynamic issues. To keep the field quality of a piecewise built magnet still high a sorting algorithm for the wedge arrangement has been developed and used for the construction of the magnets. The magnetic field of these solenoids has been measured with high precision and has been compared to the simulated magnetic field.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPMA030  
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WEPMA051 Superconducting Solenoid Package Prototyping for FRIB SRF Linac dipole, operation, linac, SRF 2886
 
  • K. Hosoyama, K. Akai, S. Yamaguchi
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • E.E. Burkhardt, K. Saito, Y. Yamazaki
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Coopertive Agreement DESC000661.
FRIB is an under constructing machine in USA for nuclear physics, which has intensity front SRF linacs to accelerate ion beam from proton to uranium up to 200 MeV/u. FRIB has large users community, so the machine has to be operated very reliably and stably. Superconducting solenoid and steering dipoles as a package is mounted in the cryomodule nearby SRF cavities to focus beam strongly and space effectively. This produces an issue interacting between the fringe field from the solenoid and the SRF cavity, which makes potential performance degradation on SRF cavity. NbTi superconducting wire is utilized for the solenoid package. The high field design like 9T is very critical operation due to the SC characteristics of the wire. The solenoid package has to be designed very carefully. In this paper will report the prototyping of 25 cm 8T solenoid package for FRIB cryomodule, which includes design, fabrication, and cold test.
* This work has been done under the collaboration between KEK and MSU. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPMA051  
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WEPMN015 Dark Current Imaging Experiment in an L-band RF Gun cathode, gun, electron, experiment 2952
 
  • J.H. Shao, H.B. Chen, J. Shi, D. Wang
    TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
  • S.P. Antipov, S.V. Baryshev, C.-J. Jing, J.Q. Qiu
    Euclid TechLabs, LLC, Solon, Ohio, USA
  • M.E. Conde, D.S. Doran, W. Gai, W. Liu, J.G. Power, C. Whiteford, E.E. Wisniewski
    ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
  • F.Y. Wang, L. Xiao
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  The localized high electric field enhancement or low work function is the trigger for strong field emission, which however has yet been well experimentally studied. Using an L-band photocathode gun test stand at Argonne Wakefield Accelerator Facility (AWA), we’ve constructed an imaging beam line to observe field emission current from predefined emitters on cathode. Preliminary experiment results are present. Future plan is discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPMN015  
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WEPMN016 Observation of Dark Current Dependence on Stored Energy in an L-Band RF Gun cathode, gun, experiment, simulation 2956
 
  • J.H. Shao, H.B. Chen, J. Shi, D. Wang
    TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
  • S.P. Antipov, S.V. Baryshev, C.-J. Jing, J.Q. Qiu
    Euclid TechLabs, LLC, Solon, Ohio, USA
  • M.E. Conde, D.S. Doran, W. Gai, W. Liu, J.G. Power, C. Whiteford, E.E. Wisniewski
    ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
  • F.Y. Wang, L. Xiao
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  A pin cathode has been installed into an L-band photocathode gun to study the influence of stored energy on field emission. The stored energy was varied by tuning the recess of the cathode in order to have the same E-field on the cathode tip. We have observed 5 times difference of dark current level at the same E-field, while by varying the stored energy by three fold. Dynamics study reveals the difference is not caused by transmission, but by emission process itself. We'll present experiment results and discuss possible mechanisms about the phenomena.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPMN016  
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WEPMN070 Measurement Techniques and Application of Combined Parallel/Orthogonal Magnetic Bias on a Ferrite Tuned Resonator in Low Frequency Range (3-10 MHz) impedance, cavity, power-supply, network 3087
 
  • G. Favia, F. Caspers, M. Morvillo, C. Rossi, C. Vollinger
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  We present several measurement methods for evaluation of magnetic properties of magnetically biased and non-biased ferrite samples in a coaxial test fixture. One important aspect is the crosscheck of results obtained by using different and independent measurement and evaluation methods. Since a rather high DC bias current has to be applied, a dedicated network was designed that allows the passage of up to 50 A DC without degradation of the RF performance. With a combination of calibration methods and a compensating topology with two identical sample holders, a good performance was achieved. In this context, magnetic material parameters for about 10 different types of ferrite were obtained. The orthogonal magnetic bias was added by placing the entire test fixture into a large toroidal coil. Thus, the bias field can be supplied independently from, and in addition to the classical parallel bias. An optimal combination between the two biasing fields was found, resulting in a reduction of magnetic losses up to 50% on certain ferrites. We show that the mixed magnetization, normally used for garnets only, is beneficial also for other types of ferrites.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPMN070  
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WEPHA011 Photodesorption and Electron Yield Measurements of Thin Film Coatings for Future Accelerators vacuum, electron, photon, experiment 3123
 
  • R. Kersevan, M. Ady, P. Chiggiato
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • T. Honda, Y. Tanimoto
    KEK, Tsukuba, Japan
  
  The performance of future accelerators could be limited by electron cloud phenomena and high photodesorption yields. For such a reason, the study of secondary electron and photodesorption yields of vacuum materials is essential. The eradication or mitigation of both secondary electron and molecule desorption could strongly reduce the beam scrubbing time and increase the availability of nominal beams for experiments. Surface modifications with the desired characteristics can be achieved by thin-film coatings, in particular made of amorphous carbon and non-evaporable getters (NEG). In the framework of a new collaboration, several vacuum chambers have been produced, and different coatings on each of them have been applied. The samples were then irradiated at KEK’s Photon Factory with SR light of 4 keV critical energy during several days, allowing the measurement of the photodesorption yield as a function of the photon dose. This paper presents the experiment and briefly summarizes the preliminary photodesorption and photoelectron yield data of different coatings. The results can be used for future machine design with similar conditions, such as the FCC-hh.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPHA011  
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WEPHA013 The Assembly Experience of the First Cryo-module for HIE-ISOLDE at CERN cavity, vacuum, instrumentation, linac 3131
 
  • Y. Leclercq, G. Barlow, J.A. Bousquet, A. Chrul, P. Demarest, J-B. Deschamps, J.A. Ferreira Somoza, J. Gayde, M. Gourragne, A. Harrison, G. Kautzmann, D. Mergelkuhl, V. Parma, M. Struik, M. Therasse, L.R. Williams
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • J. Dequaire
    Intitek, Lyon, France
  
  The HIE ISOLDE project aims at increasing the energy of the radioactive ion beams of the existing REX ISOLDE facility from the present 3 MeV/u up to 10 MeV/u for A/q to 4.5. The upgrade includes the installation of a superconducting linac in successive phases, for a final layout containing two low-β and four high-β cryo-modules. The first phase involves the installation of two high-B cryo-modules, each housing five high- β superconducting cavities and one superconducting solenoid, aligned within tight tolerances. After having designed and procured the cryo-module components, the first units is now being assembled at CERN, in a dedicated facility including class100 (ISO5) clean rooms equipped with specific tooling. The assembly is foreseen to be ultimate and the cryo-module cold tested by May 2015. In this paper, after a brief description of the main design features of the cryo-module , we present the assembly of the first unit, including the methodology, special tools, assembly procedures and quality assurance aspects. We report on the experience from this first assembly, including tests results, and present prospects for the next-coming cryo-module assemblies.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPHA013  
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WEPTY009 Preservation of Quality Factor of Half Wave Resonator during Quenching in the Presence of Solenoid Field cavity, cryomodule, niobium, dipole 3270
 
  • S.H. Kim, D.M. Caldwell, Z.A. Conway, S.M. Gerbick, M. Kedzie, M.P. Kelly, S.W.T. MacDonald, P.N. Ostroumov, T. Reid
    ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of energy, Offices of High-Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-76-CH03000 and DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The Proton Improvement Plan II at FNAL relies upon a 162.5 MHz superconducting half-wave resonator cryomodule to accelerate H− beams from 2.1 to 10 MeV. This cryomodule contains 8 resonators with 8 superconducting solenoid magnets interspersed between them. X-Y steering coils are integrated with a package of the superconducting solenoid magnets. The center of the solenoids is located within ~50 cm of the high surface magnetic field of the half-wave resonators and in this study we assess whether or not magnetic flux generated by this magnet is trapped into the half-wave resonators niobium surface and increases the RF losses to liquid helium. To test this we assembled a solenoid with a 162.5 MHz half-wave resonator spaced as they will be in the cryomodule. We measured the quality factor of the cavity before and after the cavity quenched as a function of field level in the coils. No measurable change in the quality factor was observed. In this paper, we will present details of the measurements and discuss the magnetic field map. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPTY009  
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WEPTY032 MICE Cavity Installation and Commissioning/Operation at MTA cavity, operation, instrumentation, vacuum 3342
 
  • M.A. Leonova, M. Backfish, D.L. Bowring, A.V. Kochemirovskiy, A. Moretti, D.W. Peterson, M. Popovic, Y. Torun, K. Yonehara
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • B.T. Freemire
    IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
  • C. Hunt
    Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
  • P.G. Lane
    Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
  • T.H. Luo
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  • D.C. Speirs, C.G. Whyte
    USTRAT/SUPA, Glasgow, United Kingdom
  • T. Stanley
    STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  
  A first electropolished 201-MHz RF cavity for the international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) has been assembled inside a special vacuum vessel and installed at the Fermilab's MuCool Test Area (MTA). The cavity and the MTA hall have been equipped with numerous instrumentation to characterize cavity operation. The cavity has been commissioned to run at 14 MV/m gradient with no external magnetic field; it is also being commissioned in presence of fringe field of a multi-Tesla superconducting solenoid magnet, the condition in which cavity modules will be operated in the MICE cooling channel. The assembly, installation and operation of the Single-Cavity Module gave valuable experience for operation of full-size modules at MICE.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPTY032  
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WEPTY033 A Concept for a High-field Helical Solenoid operation, beam-cooling, alignment, dipole 3345
 
  • S. Krave, N. Andreev, R. Bossert, M.L. Lopes, J.C. Tompkins, R. Wands
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • G. Flanagan
    Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
  • K.E. Melconian
    Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
  
  Funding: Fermi Research Alliance under DOE Contract DE-AC02-07CH11359
Helical cooling channels have been proposed for highly efficient 6D muon cooling to produce the required helical solenoidal, dipole, and gradient field components. The channel is divided into sections, each subsequent section with higher field. Simulations have shown that for the high-field sections the use of Nb3Sn superconductor is needed. A continuous winding method and novel stainless steel collaring system has been developed for use in the high field section of a helical cooling channel. Each collar layer is identical, for ease of fabrication, and assembled by both flipping and rotating the subsequent layers. Mechanical and magnetic simulations were performed using a combination of ANSYS and OPERA. The winding and collaring method has been demonstrated on a four coil prototype using a Nb3Sn Rutherford cable. Details of the mechanical design, magnetic modeling, and winding method are presented. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPTY033  
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WEPTY037 A Perpendicular Biased 2nd Harmonic Cavity for the Fermilab Booster cavity, booster, simulation, TRIUMF 3358
 
  • C.-Y. Tan, J.E. Dey, R.L. Madrak, W. Pellico, G.V. Romanov, D. Sun, I. Terechkine
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy.
A perpendicular biased 2nd harmonic cavity is currently being designed for the Fermilab Booster. Its purpose cavity is to flatten the bucket at injection and thus change the longitudinal beam distribution so that space charge effects are decreased. It can also work at transition to help beam cross it. The choice of perpendicular biasing over parallel biasing is that the Q of the cavity is much higher and thus allows the accelerating voltage to be a factor of 2 higher than a similar parallel biased cavity. This cavity will also provide a higher accelerating voltage per meter than the present folded transmission line cavity. However, this type of cavity presents technical challenges that need to be addressed. The two major issues are cooling of the garnet material from the effects of the RF and the cavity itself from eddy current heating because of the 15 Hz bias field ramp. This paper will address the technical challenge of preventing the garnet from overheating. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPTY037  
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WEPTY059 Alternative Methods for Field Corrections in Helical Solenoids dipole, beam-cooling, simulation, emittance 3409
 
  • K.E. Melconian
    Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
  • G. Flanagan, S.A. Kahn
    Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
  • S. Krave, M.L. Lopes, J.C. Tompkins, K. Yonehara
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Fermi Research Alliance under DOE Contract DE-AC02-07CH11359
Helical cooling channels have been proposed for highly efficient 6D muon cooling. Helical solenoids produce solenoidal, helical dipole, and helical gradient field components. Previous studies explored the geometric tunability limits on these main field components. In this paper we present two alternative correction schemes, tilting the solenoids and the addition of helical lines, to reduce the required strength of the anti-solenoid and add an additional tuning knob. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPTY059  
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THPF005 The SARAF-LINAC Project for SARAF-Phase 2 linac, rfq, cryomodule, proton 3683
 
  • N. Pichoff
    CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
  • D. Berkovits, J. Luner, J. Rodnizki
    Soreq NRC, Yavne, Israel
  • P. Bertrand, M. Di Giacomo, R. Ferdinand
    GANIL, Caen, France
  • P. Brédy, G. Ferrand, P. Girardot, F. Gougnaud, M. Jacquemet, A. Mosnier
    CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  SNRC and CEA collaborate to the upgrade of the SARAF Accelerator to 5 mA CW 40 MeV deuteron and proton beams (Phase 2). This paper presents the reference design of the SARAF-LINAC Project including a four-vane 176 MHz RFQ, a MEBT and a superconducting linac made of four five-meter cryomodules housing 26 superconducting HWR cavities and 20 superconducting solenoids. The first two identical cryomodules house low-beta (βopt = 0.091), 280 mm long (flange to flange), 176 MHz HWR cavities, the two identical last cryomodules house high-beta (βopt = 0.181), 410 mm long, 176 MHz, HWR cavities. The beam is focused with superconducting solenoids located between cavities housing steering coils. A BPM is placed upstream each solenoid.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF005  
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THPF006 Design and Manufacturing Status of the IFMIF-LIPAC SRF LINAC cryomodule, vacuum, cavity, linac 3686
 
  • H. Dzitko
    CEA, Pontfaverger-Moronvilliers, France
  • N. Bazin, A. Bruniquel, P. Charon, P. Gastinel, P. Hardy, H. Jenhani, J. Neyret, O. Piquet, J. Relland, N. Sellami
    CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  • S. Chel, G. Devanz, G. Disset, V.M. Hennion, B. Renard
    CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
  • D. Gex, G. Phillips
    F4E, Germany
  • D. Regidor, F. Toral
    CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
  
  The IFMIF accelerator aims to provide an accelerator-based D-Li neutron source to produce high intensity high energy neutron flux for testing of candidate materials for use in fusion energy reactors. The first phase of the project, called EVEDA (Engineering Validation and Engineering Design Activities) aims at validating the technical options by constructing an accelerator prototype, called LIPAc (Linear IFMIF Prototype Accelerator) whose construction has begun. It is a full scale of one of the IFMIF accelerator from the injector to the first cryomodule. The cryomodule contains all the necessary equipment to transport and accelerate a 125 mA deuteron beam from an input energy of 5 MeV up to output energy of 9 MeV. It consists of a horizontal vacuum tank approximately 6 m long, 3 m high and 2.0 m wide, and includes 8 superconducting HWRs working at 175 MHz and at 4.45 K for beam acceleration. 8 Power Couplers provide RF power to the cavities up to 70 kW CW in the LIPAc case and 200 kW CW in the IFMIF case, with 8 Solenoid Packages acting as focusing elements. This paper gives an overview of the progress, achievements and status of the IFMIF SRF LINAC.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF006  
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THPF024 LEBT Dynamics and RFQ Injection rfq, ion, injection, collimation 3739
 
  • P.P. Schneider, M. Droba, O. Meusel, H. Niebuhr, D. Noll, O. Payir, H. Podlech, A. Schempp, C. Wiesner
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  
  The Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) section at the accelerator-driven neutron source FRANZ* consists of four solenoids, two of which match the primary proton beam into the chopper. The remaining two solenoids are intended to prepare the beam for injection into the RFQ. In the first commissioning phase, the LEBT successfully transported a 14 keV He beam at low intensities**. In the current commissioning phase, the beam energy is increased to the RFQ injection energy of 120 keV. In the upcoming step, the intensity will be increased from 2 mA to 50 mA. Beam dynamics calculations include effects of different source emittances, position and angle offsets and the effects of space charge compensation levels. In addition, the behavior of the undesired hydrogen fractions, H2+ and H3+, and their influence on the performance within the RFQ is simulated.
* Meusel, O., et al. "FRANZ–Accelerator Test Bench And Neutron Source", MO3A03, LINAC 2012.
** Wiesner, C., et al. "Chopping High-Intensity Ion Beams at FRANZ", WEIOB01, LINAC 2014. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF024  
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THPF032 Spin Tracking Simulations Towards Electric Dipole Moment Measurements at COSY quadrupole, polarization, resonance, distributed 3764
 
  • M. Rosenthal, A. Lehrach
    FZJ, Jülich, Germany
  • A. Lehrach, M. Rosenthal
    RWTH, Aachen, Germany
  
  A strong hint for physics beyond the Standard Model would be achieved by direct measurements of charged particles' Electric Dipole Moments (EDMs). Measurements in magnetic storage rings using a resonant spin interaction of a radiofrequency Wien filter are proposed and needs to be scrutinized. Therefore, the calculation of phase space transfer maps for time-varying fields has been implemented into an extensions for the software framework COSY INFINITY. Benchmarking with measured data and analytical estimates for rf solenoid induced spin resonances are in good agreement. The dependence of polarization oscillation damping on the solenoid frequency could be confirmed. First studies of the rf Wien filter method reveal systematic limitations: Uncorrected Gaussian distributed misalignments of the COSY lattice quadrupoles with a standard deviation of 0.1 mm generate a similar buildup as an EDM of 5·10-19 e cm using this method.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF032  
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THPF081 On the Suitability of a Solenoid Horn for the ESS Neutrino Superbeam target, focusing, linac, detector 3873
 
  • M. Olvegård, T.J.C. Ekelöf, R.J.M.Y. Ruber, V.G. Ziemann
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
  • J.-P. Koutchouk
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  The European Spallation Source (ESS), now under construction in Lund, Sweden, offers unique opportunities for experimental physics, not only in neutron science but potentially in particle physics. The ESS neutrino superbeam project plans to use a 5 MW proton beam from the ESS linac to generate a high intensity neutrino superbeam, with the final goal of detecting leptonic CP-violation in an underground megaton Cherenkov water detector. The neutrino production requires a second target station and a complex focusing system for the pions emerging from the target. The normal-conducting magnetic horns that are normally used for these applications cannot accept the 2.86 ms long proton pulses of the ESS linac, which means that pulse shortening in an accumulator ring would be required. That, in turn, requires H− operation in the linac to accommodate the high intensity. As an attractive alternative, we investigate the possibility of using superconducting solenoids for the pion focusing. This solenoid horn system needs to also separate positive and negative pion charge as completely as possible, in order to generate separately neutrino and anti-neutrino beams. We present here progress in the study of such a solenoid horn.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF081  
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THPF122 The Status of MICE Step IV emittance, experiment, detector, collider 4000
 
  • D. Rajaram
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • V.C. Palladino
    INFN-Napoli, Napoli, Italy
  
  Funding: SFTC, DOE, NSF, INFN, CHIPP and more
Muon (μ) beams of low emittance provide the basis for the intense, well-characterised neutrino beams of the Neutrino Factory and for lepton-antilepton collisions at energies of up to several TeV at the Muon Collider. The International Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) will demonstrate ionization cooling; the technique by which it is proposed to reduce the μ phase-space volume. In a cooling channel, the μ beam traverses a material (the absorber) in which it looses energy, then replaced longitudinally by RF cavities. The net effect is to reduce transverse emittance(transverse cooling). MICE is being constructed in a series of Steps. At Step IV, MICE will study the properties of liquid hydrogen and lithium hydride that affect cooling. A solenoidal spectrometer will measure emittance up and downstream of the absorber vessel, where a focusing coil will focus muons. The construction of Step IV at RAL is well advanced towards scheduled completion early in 2015. Its status will be described together with a summary of the performance of the principal components. Plans for the commissioning and operation and the Step IV measurement programme will be described.

 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF122  
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THPF126 PXIE Low Energy Beam Transport Commissioning ion, emittance, ion-source, simulation 4013
 
  • L.R. Prost, M.L. Alvarez, R. Andrews, J.-P. Carneiro, R.T.P. D'Arcy, B.M. Hanna, V.E. Scarpine, A.V. Shemyakin
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • R.T.P. D'Arcy
    UCL, London, United Kingdom
  • C. Wiesner
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  
  Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under Contract DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy
The Proton Improvement Plan II at Fermilab is a program of upgrades to the injection complex [1]. At its core is the design and construction of a CW-compatible, pulsed H− superconducting RF linac. To validate the concept of the front-end of such machine, a test accelerator (a.k.a. PXIE) is under construction [2]. It includes a 10 mA DC, 30 keV H− ion source, a 2m-long LEBT, a 2.1 MeV CW RFQ, followed by a MEBT that feeds the first of 2 cryomodules taking the beam energy to ~25 MeV, and a High Energy Beam Transport section (HEBT) that takes the beam to a dump. The ion source and LEBT, which includes 3 solenoids, several clearing electrodes/collimators and a chopping system, have been built, installed, and commissioned to full specification parameters. This report presents the outcome of our commissioning activities, including phase-space measurements at the end of the beam line under various neutralization schemes obtained by changing the electrodes’ biases and chopper parameters. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF126  
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THPF139 Nonlinear Optics of Solenoid Magnets focusing, lattice, optics, factory 4048
 
  • S.M. Lund
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661 and the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-1102511.
Solenoid magnets are often employed for focusing in low energy beam transport lattices in the front-end of a machine. We derive a relatively simple analytic formula for the nonlinear angular focusing kick imparted to particles traversing the solenoid. Few approximations are made. The formula suggests that for beam transport, little can be done to reduce nonlinearities in solenoid-type magnets other than take a simple design without abrupt changes as a function of axial coordinate and appropriately choose the aspect ratio (characteristic bore radius over axial length) of the magnet system and the beam filling factor within the aperture to limit nonlinear effects. Illustrative applications of the formula characterize nonlinear focusing effects in iron-free and iron type solenoid magnets. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF139  
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THPF140 Unique Accelerator Integration Features of the Heavy Ion CW Driver Linac at FRIB linac, proton, beam-loading, focusing 4051
 
  • Y. Yamazaki, N.K. Bultman, A. Facco, M. Ikegami, F. Marti, G. Pozdeyev, J. Wei, Y. Zhang, Q. Zhao
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661
The FRIB driver linac is a front runner for the future high power hadron linacs, making a full use of CW, superconducting acceleration from very low β. Accelerator Driven Nuclear Waste Transmutation System (ADS), International Fusion Material Irradiation Facility (IFMIF), Project-X type proton accelerators for high energy physics and others may utilize the technologies developed for the design, construction, commissioning and power ramp up of the FRIB linac. Although each technology has been already well developed individually (except for charge stripper), their integration is another challenge. In addition, extremely high Bragg peak of uranium beams (several thousand times as high as that of proton beams) gives rise to one of the biggest challenges in many aspects. This report summarizes these challenges and their mitigations, emphasizing the commonly overlooked features. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF140  
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