PAC07 - List of Keywords (synchrotron)

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synchrotron

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOYKI02	Commissioning of New Synchrotron Radiation Facilities	storage-ring, radiation, synchrotron-radiation, injection	17
	Z. Zhao
	Several new synchrotron radiation facilities have been commissioned over the past two years, and almost every commissioning is an impressive success with a high performance level and a swift process. In this paper, an overview of the new synchrotron radiation facilities which are coming into operation, such as Diamond, SOLEIL, Australian Synchrotron and Indus-II, is presented.
	Slides

MOOAKI02	Overall HOM Measurement at High Beam Currents in the PEP-II SLAC B-Factory	radiation, synchrotron-radiation, beam-losses, vacuum	45
	A. Novokhatski
	Funding: Work supported by US DOE contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 We describe the method to measure total HOM losses and synchrotron losses in a storage ring based on a straightforward model of beam-cavity interaction and precise knowledge of RF power distribution. This method works well at higher currents. The comparison of the measured HOM losses and estimation for cavity and resistive wall losses is given for both LER and HER rings of the PEP-II B-factory.
	Slides

MOZAAB01	Generation of Subpicosecond X-ray Pulses in Storage Rings	electron, laser, wiggler, radiation	69
	A. Zholents
	Funding: This work was supported by DoE under contract No: DE-AC02-05CH11231 Subpicosecond x-ray pulses are now routinely obtained at the ALS, BESSY and SLS light sources using laser e-beam slicing technique. Other x-ray pulse shortening techniques were also proposed and are now under consideration for ALS, APS, DIAMOND and PETRA light sources. In this talk I review current results and discuss R&D plans and activity.
	Slides

MOZAC02	A Survey of Hadron Therapy Accelerator Technologies	proton, cyclotron, ion, extraction	115
	S. Peggs J. Flanz MGH-FHBPTC, Boston, Massachusetts T. Satogata BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
	We survey the numerous technological approaches used for hadron beam delivery for radiotherapy, including fixed cyclotrons (both normal and superconducting), superconducting cyclotrons mounted on gantries, and slow and fast cycling synchrotrons. Protons, carbon ions and antiprotons have different kinds of sources. Clinically relevant light ions and protons have quite different beam rigidities, therefore leading to quite different gantry solutions.
	Slides

MOZBC02	Status of the Hadrontherapy Projects in Europe	proton, ion, cyclotron, photon	127
	J.-M. Lagniel
	Several new facilities for cancer therapy based on light ion accelerators are being designed and constructed in European countries (France, Germany, Italy). This talk will cover the current status of these facilities.
	Slides

MOPAN003	A New Family of Power Supplies for the LNLS Orbit Correctors	power-supply, storage-ring, controls, booster	146
	C. Rodrigues L. H. Oliveira, A. R. Silva LNLS, Campinas
	Recently the substitution of the older family of orbit corrector power supplies of the LNLS electron storage ring was proposed and a new family has been developed. The new model incorporates additional features such as natural ventilation, unit power factor and shorter response time to reference changes. Moreover, higher efficiency and lower weight and size were obtained. At the moment eight units are operating with storage ring orbit correctors, with current and output voltage up to 10A/10V. This family has three stages of power processing. The first one is a power factor corrector using the boost topology, which gives to the second stage a DC voltage about 400V with regulation and ripple better than 1%. The second stage is an isolated half-bridge with two symmetric adjustable DC outputs from 0 to 40V. The last stage consists of a bipolar series linear regulator using Bipolar Transistors (BJT). Some results obtained for this power supply were: output current ripple and one day stability better than 150ppm, reference voltage step response better than 500A/s with the existing orbit corrector magnet, efficiency higher than 62% and power factor better than 98.5%.

MOPAN005	Injector Improvements at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Source	injection, linac, storage-ring, booster	152
	P. F. Tavares F. Arroyo, R. H.A. Farias, L. C. Jahnel, C. Pardine, C. Rodrigues LNLS, Campinas
	We present the results of hardware, software and operational improvements implemented at the injector complex of the 1.37 GeV electron storage ring of the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Source (LNLS) with the aim of improving injector stability and reliability, thus reducing the injection time. The improvements include changes to the 120 MeV injector LINAC RF system and high power modulators, injection automation and the implementation of a new procedure for reusing the current at the end of each user's shifts before injection by ramping the energy back down to 500 MeV (the injection energy) without dumping the beam. All of these changes allowed us to significantly reduce the overall time from the end of a shift to the delivery of beam in the following shift with a positive impact on the reduction of injection thermal transients for the storage ring and beamlines. Further improvements are expected in the near future as a result of planned changes to the injection timing system and of the installation of a recently assembled upgrade of the 500 MeV booster synchrotron RF system

MOPAN016	P3PO: An Information System for Supporting Installation Procedures at PETRA III	storage-ring, synchrotron-radiation, radiation	179
	J. Kreutzkamp L. Hagge DESY, Hamburg
	For the PETRA III project, an information system called P3PO has been developed for supporting the logistics of the installation process and for managing the technical infrastructure. P3PO provides a central information access point for the PETRA III installation status. The system registers all the components of the accelerator and provides work lists which list the tasks and their responsible groups for each component. It records the progress of work and provides support for managing the documentation. Users can access P3PO through an easy-to-use web-interface and obtain for example inventory lists, delivery status reports and task lists for groups or individuals. P3PO is based on DESYs inventory management and engineering data management systems and is in production since summer 2006. The paper describes the system capabilities and reports benefits and experience.

MOPAN027	NEG Coating of Pipes for RHIC : An Example of Industrialization Process	vacuum, controls, cathode, synchrotron-radiation	212
	A. Conte A. Bonucci, P. Manini, S. Raimondi SAES Getters S.p. A., Lainate
	Non Evaporable Getter (NEG) coated chambers have been used in various accelerators facilities and synchrotrons since some years. Initially, NEG coated chambers were mounted in small amounts in specific locations, covering a minor fraction of the accelerator surfaces exposed to vacuum. More recently, NEG coated chambers have been adopted to a larger degree in several projects, becoming an integral part of the machine design. LHC, whose commissioning is expected in 2007, will use 6 km of coated pipes, to be the largest machine ever using this technology. Other examples are the Soleil synchrotron (50% of the ring is NEG coated), ESRF (ongoing replacement of ID with NEG coated chambers) and RHIC (installation of 600 m of NEG coated pipes ongoing).Coating a large number of chambers poses challenges in term of process industrialization, product inspection and quality assurance. In the present paper we report SAES Getters' experience in the NEG coating of pipes delivered to Brookhaven National Lab for RHIC(120 steel chambers, each 5 m long). Main technological issues faced and procedures adopted to ensure product reproducibility and quality are presented and discussed.

MOPAN034	Development of a Pulsed Sextupole Magnet System for Beam Injection at the Photon Factory Storage Ring	injection, emittance, sextupole, betatron	230
	Y. Kobayashi K. Harada, T. Honda, T. Miyajima, S. Nagahashi KEK, Ibaraki N. Nakamura, H. Takaki ISSP/SRL, Chiba
	We proposed a single pulsed sextupole system for beam injection in electron storage rings. Now we are going to design a pulsed sextupole magnet and a ceramic chamber and install them at the Photon Factory storage ring next summer. The required specifications of the magnet and the vacuum chamber are estimated using a multi-particle tracking simulation. In this conference, we describe the design of the hardware for the system and the field measurement of the pulsed magnet.

MOPAN036	Longitudinal Feedback System for the Photon Factory	feedback, kicker, factory, impedance	233
	T. Obina W. X. Cheng, T. Honda, M. Tobiyama KEK, Ibaraki
	In the KEK-PF, longitudinal coupled-bunch instabilities are suppressed by means of the RF phase-modulation technique during the users operation. This method is very effective not only to suppress the instabilities but also to enlarge the beam lifetime. Together with the feasibility study for top-up operation, bunch-by-bunch feedback system have been developed. A two-port longitudinal kicker based on dafne-type cavity were designed and installed in the storage ring in the summer of 2006. FPGA-based signal processing part is under development based on the KEKB design. As an preliminary test of the longitudinal kicker, a simple mode-feedback system which suppress a specific coupled-bunch mode were tested successfully.

MOPAN038	Electric Power Compensation of the Large Scale Accelerator using SMES	power-supply, linac, proton, quadrupole	239
	H. Sato T. Ise, Y. Miura Osaka University, Suita S. Nomura Research Laboratory for Nuclear Reactors, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo t.s. Shintomi, M. J. Shirakata KEK, Ibaraki
	Power supply for the large scale accelerator magnets draws a large amount of power from the utility network. For example, the peak active power and the dissipation power of J-PARC 50GeV synchrotron magnet power are estimated to be about 135MW and 37MW, respectively. Super Conducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) is one of candidates to compensate these large load and line voltage fluctuation. Study on circuit configuration of the power supply with SMES has been continued. Present status of the R & D for the SMES system and small case experiment result will be discussed.

MOPAN040	Comparative Study on Lifetime of Stripper Foil using 650keV H^- Ion Beam	target, ion, ion-source, linac	245
	A. Takagi C. S. Feigerle University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee Y. Irie JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken M. A. Plum, R. W. Shaw ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee I. Sugai, Y. Takeda KEK, Ibaraki
	Funding: This work is supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, under contract No. 18540303. Thick carbon stripper foils of >300 μg/cm² will be used as a stripping of H-ion beam for 3GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (3GeV-RCS) of the J-PARC. The carbon foils with long lifetime even at >1800 K are required. For this purpose, we have developed a new irradiation system for the lifetime measurement using high current pulsed and dc H^- beams of the KEK Cockcroft-Walton accelerator. These high power 650keV H^- Ion beams can simulate the high energy deposition in carbon stripper foils at the J-PARC RCS. An automatic data acquisition system is also developed for recording the data of foil temperature and irradiated beam current. The Hybrid Boron mixed Carbon (HBC) stripper foils, which are developed at KEK are irradiated by high current H^- ion beam up to 2000 K. A few SNS-diamond and commercially available carbon (CM) foils are also tested for comparing with HBC-foils. The results of the lifetime measurement of HBC and SNS-diamond including CM stripper foils are reported.

MOPAN041	Design of a Movable Synchrotron Radiation Mask with SiC Absorber for the Photon Factory Advanced Ring (PF-AR)	synchrotron-radiation, factory, photon, klystron	248
	T. Takahashi M. Izawa, S. Sakanaka, K. Umemori KEK, Ibaraki H. Suzuki, J. Watanabe Toshiba, Yokohama
	We have six rf cavities in the Photon Factory Advanced ring (PF-AR) at KEK. Three years ago, one of them was seriously damaged by the Synchrotron Radiation (SR) from the upstream of the cavity. In order to protect the cavities from SR, we intend to install SR masks nearby the cavities. The masks have to be positioned as close as possible to the beams in order to block the SR completely during the beam storage, and as far as possible during the beam injection. Therefore SR masks should be movable. Since it is placed under strong HOM power from the cavities, careful design is necessary for power dissipation. The basic structure of the movable masks is a coaxial wave-guide with cylindrical SiC absorber whose power capability is designed to be more than 1kW. We report the design of the movable SR masks and the result of rf power test.

MOPAN042	Switching Power Supply for Induction Accelerators	acceleration, induction, power-supply, impedance	251
	M. Wake Y. Arakida, K. Koseki, Y. Shimosaki, K. Takayama, K. T. Torikai KEK, Ibaraki W. Jiang, K. Nakahiro Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata A. Sugiyama Shindengen Co., Ltd., Tokyo A. Tokuchi Nichicon (Kusatsu) Corporation, Shiga
	A new particle acceleration method using pulsed induction cavities was introduced in the super-bunch project at KEK. Unlike conventional RF acceleration, this acceleration method separates functions of acceleration and confinement As a result, this acceleration method can be applied for accelerating a wide mass range of particles. However, it is necessary to give a very fast pulsed-excitation to the cavity to perform the induction acceleration. Switching power supplies of high voltage output with very fast pulse-operation is one of the most important key technologies for this new acceleration method. We have developed 20ns rise time pulse at continuous repetition rate of 1MHz using MOS-FET's. Induction cavities were modulated through the 200m long transmission lines. Further development using SI- thyristor achieved 1MHz and 2kV switching in a burst mode operation. SiC devices are also studied for the application and some promising results were obtained. Faster operation will make this new acceleration technology available for small accelerator projects.

MOPAN045	Longitudinal Particle Tracking of J-PARC RCS for Synchronization	emittance, simulation, extraction, acceleration	260
	M. Yamamoto S. Anami, E. Ezura, K. Hara, C. Ohmori, A. Takagi, M. Toda, M. Yoshii KEK, Ibaraki K. Hasegawa, M. Nomura, A. Schnase, F. Tamura JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken
	We have performed particle tracking simulation of J-PARC RCS to study the synchronization process. A frequency offset is added to the nominal RF frequency pattern to shift the center of the bunch, under the condition of the offset value should be 'adiabatic' with respect to the synchrotron motion. Since the synchrotron frequency of the J-PARC RCS is substantially changed during acceleration, the particle tracking simulation helps to decide upper limit of the frequency offset which can be employed.

MOPAN054	Beam Instabilities Measurement and Cures at HLS	feedback, injection, electron, storage-ring	272
	Y. L. Yang Y. B. Chen, L. J. Huang, W. Li, L. Liu, B. Sun, J. H. Wang, K. Zheng, Z. R. Zhou USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui
	In Hefei Light Source (HLS), coupled-bunch instabilities are major limiting factors in achieving higher beam intensity while maintaining good beam quality. To Measure and suppress beam instabilities, turn-by-turn (TBT) measurement and bunch-by-bunch(BxB) measurement & feedback system are under commission [1][2]. The design of the two systems and primary experiment results is presented. Measurement and detail analysing results in injection status will also be shown.

MOPAN065	The Conceptual Design and Thermal Analysis of ALBA Crotch Absorbers	radiation, vacuum, dipole, storage-ring	299
	E. Al-Dmour D. Einfeld, M. Q. Quispe ALBA, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Valles)
	ALBA is a 3 GeV, 268.8 m storage ring with DBA structure under construction near Barcelona. With the design current of 400 mA, a total power of 407 kW is radiated by the circulating beam from the bending magnets. The design of the vacuum system was done by using the concept of the crotch absorbers which is used in many modern synchrotron light sources. These absorbers are not only going to absorb the power of the unused radiation but also will allow fast vacuum conditioning. 156 absorbers are need all around the machine in order to guarantee that no radiation will hit the chamber walls, the absorbers are grouped into three types, several design criteria have been studied in order to create our own one which is based on the number of allowed cycles before failure with the concept of the strain values. Finite element analysis has been performed to estimate the stress, strain, maximum overall temperature and the maximum cooling temperature for all the types. The results for the critical absorber under conservative conditions: max. overall temperature is 313 C, max. strain is 0.1% and max. stress is 112 MPa. With this strain, the absorber can withstand up to 1.10⁵ cycles of operation.

MOPAN074	Influence of Varying Tune Width on the Robustness of the LHC Tune PLL and its Application for Continuous Chromaticity Measurement	resonance, controls, feedback, betatron	326
	R. J. Steinhagen A. Boccardi, M. Gasior, O. R. Jones, K. K. Kasinski CERN, Geneva
	Tune and chromaticity measurement is an integral part for safe and reliable LHC operation. Tight tolerances on the maximum transverse beam excursions allow oscillation amplitudes of less than 30 um. This leaves only a small margin for transverse beam and momentum excitations required for measuring tune and chromaticity. This contribution discusses a robust tune phase-locked-loop (PLL) operation in the presence of non-linearities and varying chromaticity. The loop design was tested at the SPS, using the LHC PLL prototype system. The system was also used to continuously measure tune width and chromaticity, using resonant transverse excitations of the tune side-slopes.

MOPAN089	Numerical Simulation Applied to the Air Temperature Control and Improvement at the TLS	booster, storage-ring, simulation, controls	368
	J.-C. Chang M. Ke NTUT, Taipei Z.-D. Tsai NSRRC, Hsinchu
	This paper presents the numerical simulation studies applied on the air temperature control and improvement at the Taiwan Light Source (TLS). To improve air temperature control and study the flow circulation in air conditioned areas, we had applied the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) scheme to the experimental hall, the storage ring tunnel, a technical zone and the booster area, respectively. We review those studies by examining the governing equations, the model construction, mesh generation, boundary conditions, convergence criterion and validation of simulations.

MOPAN095	Design of the Precise Unit for the Rotating Coil Measurement System	multipole, synchrotron-radiation, quadrupole, coupling	386
	J. C. Jan C.-H. Chang, J. W. Chen, T.-C. Fan, C.-S. Hwang, F.-Y. Lin NSRRC, Hsinchu
	A precise rotating coil measurement system (RCS) is developed to characterize the magnetic field quality of the quadrupole (QM) and sextupole (SM) magnets in the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS). A measurement bench is designed to install the magnets easily and mount the rotating coil unit with high reproducibility. The Fiberglass Reinforced Epoxy (FRP) measurement unit (F-unit) exhibits a large sag and mechanical error while it is 880mm long. Therefore, a new graphite measurement unit (G-unit) with a printed circuit coil is adopted to reduce these errors. The rotating coil design and testing using a QM are also described.

MOPAN096	A Safety Protection Device for Bypass Capacitor of the White Circuit	power-supply, booster, controls, radiation	389
	C.-Y. Liu K.-B. Liu, H. M. Shih NSRRC, Hsinchu
	This paper presents a new safety protection system for the bypass capacitor in the white circuit. In general, if the operation current of the white circuit deviates too much, the injection efficiency will be deteriorated and the white circuit bypass capacitor will be hurt. In order to detect the dynamic characteristics of the bypass capacitor to achieve protection function, the new protection system is proposed in this paper. The experimental results show that new protection system not only can monitor and detect the dynamic voltage and current of the bypass capacitor of the white circuit, but also prevent this bypass capacitor from being damaged.

MOPAN099	Integrated Mechanism of Online Monitor and Archive System	controls, instrumentation, monitoring, synchrotron-radiation	392
	Z.-D. Tsai J.-C. Chang, T.-S. Ueng NSRRC, Hsinchu
	In the accelerator field, the instrumentation monitor system provides the machine online status to view, control and alert. A novel shared data engine developed by Labview provides the distributed PCs, PDAs, embedded devices, and local controllers to exchange data mutually via Ethernet or wireless Ethernet. The mechanism guarantees delivery with an additional function layer of the raw UDP protocol and usees less network bandwidth than TCP/IP. The system's main function is to introduce a platform with reliable online information about the status of the instrumentation. The users can access data with graphic view and trend view by some complementary software. Also, the users can easily take the online data via binding monitor tags without programming. The mechanism benefits all system maintenance, operation, management and analysis.

MOPAN101	Failure Analysis for Cryogenic System Operation at NSRRC	cryogenics, superconducting-magnet, controls, synchrotron-radiation	398
	H. H. Tsai S.-H. Chang, W.-S. Chiou, F. Z. Hsiao, H. C. Li NSRRC, Hsinchu
	Two 450W cryogenic systems were installed on the year 2002 and 2006, respectively at NSRRC. So far, one 450W cryogenic system is cooling two superconducting magnets and one superconducting cavity. The new system will serve for five superconducting magnets on the year 2007. This paper presents the abnormal operation for the system, which induces the fluctuations for pressure, temperature, and flow rate, respectively. Solutions for these failures are shown and discussed.

MOPAN104	Current Monitor for the ISIS Synchrotron RF Cavity Bias Regulator	controls, monitoring, lattice, acceleration	407
	A. Daly C. W. Appelbee, D. Bayley STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon
	The ISIS facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK is currently the world's most intense pulsed neutron source. The accelerator consists of a 70 MeV H^- Linac and an 800 MeV, 50 Hz, proton Synchrotron. The synchrotron beam is accelerated using six, ferrite loaded, RF cavities each having its own high voltage r.f. drive amplifier and bias system. Each of these cavities is driven as a high Q tuned r.f. circuit; the resonant frequency being controlled by passing a current through a bias winding. This current comes from the Bias Regulator system which consists in part of eight banks of 40 transistors. This paper describes the design of a system which will use digital techniques to monitor and display the current of each of the 320 transistors in the Bias Regulator system.

MOPAN105	Static VAr Power Factor Correction for the ISIS Main Magnet Power Supply	simulation, controls, power-supply, proton	410
	M. C. Hughes J. W. Gray STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon
	ISIS sited at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL) is the worlds most powerful pulsed neutron source. Intense pulses of neutrons are produced at 50 Hz when a heavy metal target is bombarded with a beam of high energy (800MeV) protons. Energy is imparted to the protons by accelerating them in a synchrotron, the magnets of which are connected in a configuration known as a White Circuit. This White Circuit suffers from problems arising from drifting values of capacitance and inductance which affect the resonant frequency. This paper focuses on the design, simulation, and implementation of a solution utilising Static VAr technology to regulate the resonant frequency of the White Circuit. M. G. White et al., A 3-BeV High Intensity Proton Synchrotron, The Princeton-Pennsylvania Accelerator, CERN Symp.1956 Proc., p525.

MOPAN111	Modbus/TCP Controller for the Power Supplies in ALS BTS Beam Line	power-supply, controls, storage-ring, booster	425
	S. Cohen M. W. Sherman, W. D. Sherman Alpha Scientific Electronics, Hayward, CA
	The development, testing and commissioning of a self-contained power supply controller for four 100 KW power supplies for the upgraded Booster to Storage Ring (BTS) beam line at the Advanced Light Source at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, is presented. The power supply controller, is a 3U high, rack-mount chassis, that contains the regulation control-loop amplifiers, 16-bit DAC with microcontroller and aμPLC( Programmable Logic Controller) for power-supply state-machine control. Local control is achieved via push-buttons and a color LCD touch screen. Remote control is mediated viaμPLC using embedded Modbus/TCP. Using a unique, data logging system, the operational parameters of the regulation loop can be safely monitored and recorded while the system is running at full power. The entire design is based on optimum reliability, safety and ease of troubleshooting and repair. A modular design for key control components, allows the power supply to operate in a nominal mode, even if one or two ancillary internal modules fail. This allows for continued beam operation until it is convenient to service the unit, keeping beam availability as high as possible.

MOPAS006	Design and Fabrication of a Multi-element Corrector Magnet for the Fermilab Booster Synchrotron	quadrupole, sextupole, dipole, booster	452
	D. J. Harding J. DiMarco, C. C. Drennan, V. S. Kashikhin, S. Kotelnikov, J. R. Lackey, A. Makarov, A. Makulski, R. Nehring, D. F. Orris, E. Prebys, P. Schlabach, G. Velev, D. G.C. Walbridge Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
	Funding: Work supported by the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-76CH03000. To better control the beam position, tune, and chromaticity in the Fermilab Booster synchrotron, a new package of six corrector elements has been designed, incorporating both normal and skew orientations of dipole, quadrupole, and sextupole magnets. The devices are under construction and installation at 48 locations is planned. The density of elements and the rapid slew rate have posed special challenges. The magnet construction is presented along with DC measurements of the magnetic field.

MOPAS008	A Wide Aperture Quadrupole for the Fermilab Main Injector Synchrotron	quadrupole, extraction, injection, proton	455
	D. J. Harding C. L. Bartelson, B. C. Brown, J. A. Carson, W. Chou, J. DiMarco, H. D. Glass, D. E. Johnson, V. S. Kashikhin, I. Kourbanis, W. F. Robotham, M. Tartaglia Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
	Funding: Work supported by the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-76CH03000. During the design of the Fermilab Main Injector synchrotron it was recognized that the aperture was limited at the beam transfer and extraction points by the combination of the Lambertson magnets and the reused Main Ring quadrupoles located between the Lambertsons. Increased intensity demands on the Main Injector from antiproton production for the collider program, slow spill to the meson fixed target program, and high intensity beam to the high energy neutrino program have led us to replace the aperture-limiting quadrupoles with newly built magnets that have the same physical length but a larger aperture. The magnets run on the main quadrupole bus, and must therefore have the same excitation profile as the magnets they replaced. We present here the design of the magnets, their magnetic performance, and the accelerator performance.

MOPAS021	Slowly Rotating Coil System for AC Field Measurements of Fermilab Booster Correctors	dipole, sextupole, booster, quadrupole	476
	G. Velev J. DiMarco, D. J. Harding, V. S. Kashikhin, M. J. Lamm, P. Schlabach, M. Tartaglia, J. C. Tompkins Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
	Funding: Work supported by the U. S. Department of Energy A method for measurement of rapidly changing magnetic fields has been developed and applied to the testing of new room temperature corrector packages designed for the Fermilab Booster Synchrotron. The method is based on fast digitization of a slowly rotating tangential coil probe, with analysis combining the measured coil voltages across a set of successive magnet current cycles. This paper presents results on the field quality measured for normal and skew dipole, quadrupole, and sextupole magnets in several of these corrector packages.

MOPAS035	Rapid-Cycling Dipole using Block-Coil Geometry and Bronze-Process Nb3Sn Superconductor	dipole, injection, coupling, multipole	512
	P. M. McIntyre A. D. McInturff, A. Sattarov Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
	Funding: Doe gratn #DE-FG02-06ER41405 The block coil geometry utilized in recent high-field dipole development has significant benefit for applications requiring rapid cycling, since it intrinsically suppresses coupling currents between strands. A conceptual design for a 6 Tesla dipole has been studied for such applications, in which the intra-strand losses are minimized by using bronze-process Nb3Sn superconducting wire developed for ITER. That conductor provides isolated fine filaments and optimum matrix resistance between filaments. The block-coil geometry further accommodates placement of He cooling channels inside the coil, so that heat from radiation and from AC losses can be removed with minimum temperature rise in the coil. The design could be operated with supercritical helium cooling, and should make it possible to operate with a continuous ramp rate of 5-10 T/s.

MOPAS037	New Generation Digital Longitudinal Feedback System for Duke FEL and HIGS Facilities	feedback, kicker, storage-ring, electron	518
	Y. Kim M. D. Busch, P. Wang, W. Wu, Y. K. Wu FEL/Duke University, Durham, North Carolina J. Choi, I. S. Ko, I. S. Park PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk D. Teytelman Dimtel, Redwood City, California
	To increase intensity of the High Intensity Gamma-ray Source (HIGS) which is driven by the Duke storage ring FEL via Compton scattering, stored beam current should be increased. However, high-current multi-bunch operation in the Duke storage ring is limited by strong longitudinal coupled-bunch beam instabilities. To control those instabilities, we have been developing an active longitudinal feedback system which is based on the Integrated Gigasample Processor (iGP) through collaboration with Dimtel, Inc. and Pohang Accelerator Laboratory. In this paper, we report the present status of our longitudinal feedback system.

MOPAS038	Power Supply System for a Compact 1.2 GeV Booster Synchrotron	power-supply, booster, extraction, dipole	521
	V. Popov M. D. Busch, S. M. Hartman, S. F. Mikhailov, O. Oakeley, P. W. Wallace, Y. K. Wu FEL/Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
	Funding: Supported by US DoE grant #DE-FG02-01ER41175. A booster synchrotron has been recently commissioned at Duke University as part of the High Intensity Gamma-ray Source (HIGS) upgrade. All dipole and quadrupole magnets are fed by the same power supply in order to facilitate synchronization. A 500kW retired thyristor controlled power supply has been completely rebuilt to provide high accuracy ramping of current in the range between 150A and 700A in a 1.3 sec repetition cycle. Reproducibility of current at extraction energy is better than 0.1% for entire operational range of energy. Conflict of a fast ramping operation and a magnet protection in the case of emergency shutdown was resolved using additional thyristor switches. All trim power supplies involved in ramp have been matched with the main power supply for the time response and voltage range. The injection and extraction schemes require rapidly ramping Y-correctors. The required peak power about 4 kW in these correctors is provided by a combining a low voltage DC power supply and a pulse boosting circuit. We present the challenges of designing and developing booster power supply system. And also we report measured performance and operational experience in this paper.

MOPAS101	Characterization of the RF System of NSLS X-ray Ring	electron, pick-up, storage-ring, controls	661
	I. Pinayev
	The proper phasing is required for a storage ring with multiple RF cavities. In this paper we present method for simultaneous measurement of the accelerating voltage and relative phase for individual cavity at operational conditions. Theory and experimental results for NSLS X-ray synchrotron are presented.

TUYKI01	ISIS, Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source	target, proton, rfq, ion	695
	D. J.S. Findlay
	At present, ISIS, located at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK, is the world's leading pulsed neutron and muon source. First neutrons were produced in December 1984, and since then large neutron and muon user communities have been built up. Every year, typically 1600 visitors are welcomed to ISIS, and 800 experiments are carried out. Hitherto ISIS has been based on an 800 MeV proton synchrotron delivering a 160 kW 50 pps beam to a target station incorporating a tungsten neutron-producing target preceded by a graphite muon-producing target. However, a second target station optimised for cold neutrons and running at 10 pps is currently being built, and the first experiments on the second target station are scheduled for 2008. At the same time, extensive performance-enhancing programmes (e.g. a dual harmonic RF system for the synchrotron) and re-lifing programmes (e.g. replacement of the synchrotron main magnet power supplies) are being carried out. The talk will describe the ISIS accelerators, the associated enhancement and re-lifing programmes, the target stations, and will also look forward to schemes for megawatt neutrons in the UK.
	Slides

TUODKI01	Status of J-PARC Main Ring Synchrotron	extraction, septum, injection, acceleration	736
	T. Koseki
	The J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) accelerator facility consists of a 400-MeV linac, a 3.0-GeV rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS), a 50-GeV slow cycling main ring synchrotron (MR). Beam commissioning of the linac has been started from this November and construction of the synchrotrons is now underway. The MR accelerates the 3-GeV beam from the RCS up to 30 - 50 GeV and provides the beam to the hadron beam facility via slow extraction and to the neutrino beam facility via fast extraction. In this paper, we present recent status of the accelerator construction and test operation results for some components of the MR. Beam commissioning scenario and related beam dynamics studies are also discussed.
	Slides

TUOBAB02	Experimental Characterization of the Transverse Phase Space of a 60-MeV Electron Beam through a Compressor Chicane	electron, linac, synchrotron-radiation, simulation	788
	F. Zhou R. B. Agustsson, G. Andonian, D. B. Cline, A. Y. Murokh, J. B. Rosenzweig UCLA, Los Angeles, California A. C. Kabel SLAC, Menlo Park, California V. Yakimenko BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
	Funding: U. S. DOE of Sciences Space charge and coherent synchrotron radiation may deteriorate electron beam quality when the beam passes through a magnetic bunch compressor. This paper presents the transverse phase-space tomographic measurements for a compressed beam at 60 MeV, around which energy the first stage of magnetic bunch compression takes place in most advanced linacs. Transverse phase-space bifurcation of a compressed beam is observed at that energy, but the degree of the space charge-induced bifurcation is appreciably lower than the one observed at 12 MeV. The Trafic4 simulation confirms the observation. The paper was published at PRST-AB, November 2006
	Slides

TUZAAB02	Recent Developments in Understanding Beam Loss in High-intensity Synchrotrons	resonance, space-charge, beam-losses, emittance	794
	G. Franchetti
	Recent advances in understanding space-charge-induced beam loss and emittance growth have been achieved, which allow quantitative predictions for large number of turns (exceeding 10⁵). In this talk we review the theoretical model of trapping by space charge effects, simulation results and experimental findings obtained at the CERN Proton Synchrotron and the heavy ion synchrotron SIS18 at GSI. The impact of these effects on the beam loss budget/beam loss control for heavy ion beams in the SIS100 synchrotron in the FAIR project will be presented. Applications of these mechanisms to e-cloud space charge interaction with hadron beams in the LHC will be also be discussed.
	Slides

TUXC02	Induction Synchrotron Experiment in the KEK PS	acceleration, induction, proton, controls	836
	K. Takayama
	We report an experimental demonstration of the induction synchrotron, the concept of which has been proposed as a future accelerator for the second-generation of neutrino factory or hadron collider. The induction synchrotron supports a super-bunch and a super-bunch permits more charge to be accelerated while observing the constraints of the transverse space-charge limit. By using a newly developed induction acceleration system instead of radio-wave acceleration devices, a single proton bunch injected from the 500 MeV Booster ring and captured by the barrier bucket created by the induction step-voltages was accelerated to 6 GeV in the KEK proton synchrotron. A specific feature of the beam handling, such as the DR feedback, and a beam-dynamical property, such as the temporal evolution of the bunch size, are described. Beyond the demonstration, an injector-free induction synchrotron is under designing at KEK as a driver of all species of ion*. It will be briefly described. K. Takayama, published in Phys. Rev. Lett. soon. K. Takayama and J. Kishiro, N. I.M. A 451, 304-317 (2000).* K. Takayama, K. Torikai, Y. Shimosaki, and Y. Arakida, PCT/JP2006/308502
	Slides

TUZBC03	Self-Consistent Computation of Electromagnetic Fields and Phase Space Densities for Particles on Curved Planar Orbits	space-charge, vacuum, shielding, electron	899
	J. A. Ellison G. Bassi, K. A. Heinemann UNM, Albuquerque, New Mexico M. Venturini LBNL, Berkeley, California R. L. Warnock SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	Funding: Supported by DOE grant DE-FG02-99ER41104 and contracts DE-AC02-05CH11231 and DE-AC02-76SF00515. We discuss our progress on integration of the coupled Vlasov-Maxwell equations in 4D. We emphasize Coherent Synchrotron Radiation from particle bunches moving on arbitrary curved planar orbits, with shielding from the vacuum chamber, but also include space charge forces. Our approach provides simulations with lower numerical noise than the macroparticle method, and will allow the study of emittance degradation and microbunching in bunch compressors. The 4D phase space density (PSD) is calculated in the beam frame with the method of local characteristics (PF). The excited fields are computed in the lab frame from a new double integral formula. Central issues are a fast evaluation of the fields and a deep understanding of the support of the 4D PSD. As intermediate steps, we have (1) developed a parallel self-consistent code using particles, where an important issue is the support of the charge density; (2) studied carefully a 2D phase space Vlasov analogue; and (3) derived an improved expression of the field of a 1D charge/current distribution which accounts for the interference of different bends and other effects usually neglected. Results for bunch compressors are presented. Self Consistent Particle Method to Study CSR Effects in Bunch Compressors, Bassi, et.al., this conference.** CSR from a 1-D Bunch on an Arbitrary Planar Orbit, Warnock, this conference.
	Slides

TUPMN001	The Australian Synchrotron Project	storage-ring, vacuum, injection, undulator	911
	A. Jackson
	Funding for the Australian Synchrotron, a 3 GeV synchrotron light source, was announced by the Victorian State Government in January 2003, and six months later bulldosers moved onto the green-field site in the South-East suberbs of Melbourne. After a remarkably fast construction and installation period the accelerators that form the heart of the faclity were commissioned in 2006. Installation of the first five beamlines will commence in January 2007 and it is expected that the first experiments will be carried out in April. In this presentation we give an update on the status of the facility and present highlights of the commissioning activities.

TUPMN003	Lifetime Contribution Measurements at the Australian Synchrotron	scattering, vacuum, electron, coupling	914
	M. J. Spencer M. J. Boland, R. T. Dowd, G. LeBlanc, Y. E. Tan ASP, Clayton, Victoria
	There are always a number of factors that contribute to the lifetime of a stored particle beam. Measurements presented here show the relative importance of these effects during the commissioning of the Australian Synchrotron storage ring.

TUPMN007	Final Commissioning Results from the Injection System for the Australian Synchrotron Project	injection, booster, quadrupole, sextupole	926
	S. V. Weber F. Bødker, H. Bach, N. Hauge, J. Kristensen, L. K. Kruse, S. P. Møller, S. M. Madsen Danfysik A/S, Jyllinge M. J. Boland, R. T. Dowd, G. LeBlanc, M. J. Spencer, Y. E. Tan ASP, Clayton, Victoria N. H. Hertel, J. S. Nielsen ISA, Aarhus
	Danfysik has delivered a full-energy turn-key injection system for the Australian Synchrotron. The system consists of a 100 MeV linac, a low-energy transfer beamline, a 130 m circumference 3-GeV booster, and a high energy transfer beamline. The booster lattice was designed to have many cells with combined-function magnets (dipole, quadrupole and sextupole fields) in order to reach a very small emittance. The injection system has been commissioned and found to deliver a beam with an emittance of less than 30 nm, and currents in single- and multi-bunch mode in excess of 0.5 and 5 mA, respectively, fulfilling the contractual performance specifications. The repetition frequency is 1 Hz. Results from the commissioning of the system will be presented.

TUPMN008	Commissioning of the First Insertion Devices at SOLEIL	undulator, storage-ring, coupling, vacuum	929
	C. Benabderrahmane P. Berteaud, F. Briquez, P. Brunelle, O. V. Chubar, M.-E. Couprie, J.-M. Filhol, M. Girault, O. Marcouille, F. Marteau, M. Massal, F. Paulin, M. Valleau, J. Veteran SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette
	The 2.75 GeV storage ring of the SOLEIL third generation light source in France consists of 16 cells and 24 straight sections (4x12m,12x7m, 8x3.6m) for a total circumference of 357 m. 24 insertion devices are planned for providing high brillance radiation from UV to hard X ray. They consist of adjustable polarisation sources in the UV-soft X ray (electromagnetic devices of periods 640 mm and 256 mm, APPLE-II of periods ranging between 80 and 34 mm, and one EMPHU) and planar devices for the production of hard X ray (in vacuum undulators of period 20 or 26 mm and one in vacuum wiggler). During the commissioning of the presently installed seven insertion devices (HU640, 2xHU256, 2 HU80, 2xU20), the effects on the beam have been studied (closed orbit distortions, tune shifts,..), compared with the expectations from magnetic measurements in laboratory, and compensated using feed forward local correctors. The radiation observed on the first photon diagnostic at the beamlines is also analysed.

TUPMN024	Measurements of the Beam Heat Load in the Cold Bore Superconductive Undulator Installed at ANKA	electron, vacuum, undulator, radiation	968
	S. Casalbuoni T. Baumbach, A. Bernhard, D. Wollmann University of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe A. W. Grau, M. Hagelstein, B. K. Kostka, R. Rossmanith FZK, Karlsruhe E. Mashkina, E. Steffens University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, Physikalisches Institut II, Erlangen F. Zimmermann CERN, Geneva
	The beam heat load in the cold bore superconductive undulator installed at ANKA has been monitored for almost two years. The possible sources of the observed heat load as synchrotron radiation from upstream magnets, image currents, photo-excited electrons and ions will be discussed and compared with the experimental results.

TUPMN044	Status of R&D Efforts Toward the ERL-based Future Light Source in Japan	laser, gun, linac, radiation	1016
	T. Kasuga T. A. Agoh, A. Enomoto, S. Fukuda, K. Furukawa, T. Furuya, K. Haga, K. Harada, S. Hiramatsu, T. Honda, K. Hosoyama, M. Izawa, E. Kako, H. Kawata, M. Kikuchi, Y. Kobayashi, M. Kuriki, T. Mitsuhashi, T. Miyajima, S. Nagahashi, T. Naito, T. Nogami, S. Noguchi, T. Obina, S. Ohsawa, M. Ono, T. Ozaki, S. Sakanaka, H. Sasaki, S. Sasaki, K. Satoh, M. Satoh, T. Shioya, T. Shishido, T. Suwada, M. Tadano, T. Takahashi, Y. Tanimoto, M. Tawada, M. Tobiyama, K. Tsuchiya, T. Uchiyama, K. Umemori, S. Yamamoto KEK, Ibaraki R. Hajima, H. Iijima, N. Kikuzawa, E. J. Minehara, R. Nagai, N. Nishimori, M. Sawamura JAEA/ERL, Ibaraki H. Hanaki, H. T. Tomizawa JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken A. Ishii, I. Ito, H. Kudoh, N. Nakamura, H. Sakai, S. Shibuya, K. Shinoe, H. Takaki ISSP/SRL, Chiba M. Katoh, A. Mochihashi, M. Shimada UVSOR, Okazaki
	Energy Recovery Linacs (ERL), based on superconducting accelerators, are one of the most promising synchrotron light sources in future. The KEK and the JAEA, in collaboration with the ISSP, the UVSOR, and the SPring-8, are considering to realize together the ERL-based next-generation light source in Japan. To establish key technologies for that, active R&D efforts started. The R&D program includes the developments of ultra-low-emittance photocathode guns and of superconducting cavities, as well as experimental proofs of accelerator-physics issues at the ERL test facility, which will be built at the KEK campus. We are currently working on constructing a prototype photocathode gun, on designing superconducing cavities, and on designing a prototype ERL. The current plan of the prototype ERL comprises a full injector linac, one or two cryomodules for the main linac, and the beam return loop, which can be operated at beam energies from 60 to 160 MeV. The up-to-date R&D status will be reported.

TUPMN047	W-band Electromagnetic Wave Undulator for AIST 800 MeV Electron Storage Ring TERAS	undulator, electron, photon, storage-ring	1025
	H. Toyokawa R. Kuroda AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki H. Ohgaki Kyoto IAE, Kyoto
	An electromagnetic-wave undulator based on a quasi-optical resonator operated in higher order TE mode is proposed to generate monochromatic X-rays. We plan to install it to an 800MeV electron storage ring TERAS of AIST. Mode propagation in the resonator was analysed with an electromagnetic-wave simulation code MAFIA and HFSS. Design parameters for the undulator operated in W-band (95 GHz) was presented. The peak electric field along the electron orbit was estimated to be 130 kV/m when we fed 1 kW of 95 GHz electromagnetic wave. The estimated X-ray flux density was 1 x 10¹¹ photons/sec/mrad²/A for 3.4 keV X-rays.

TUPMN052	Completion of the Australian Synchrotron Storage Ring RF System Commissioning	klystron, controls, storage-ring, vacuum	1040
	S. Takama R. T. Dowd, A. Jackson, G. LeBlanc, K. Zingre ASP, Clayton, Victoria Y. Hirata, H. Kamikubo, Y. Nobusada, H. Suzuki Toshiba, Yokohama
	The installation and commissioning of the Australian Synchrotron Storage Ring RF System (SR RF System) was completed. SR RF System consists of four sets of 500MHz 150kW-CW klystron and 750kV normal conducting cavity. After the cavity aging, the RF System achieved 48 hours continuous operation in November 2006. The paper will present the design and commissioning results.

TUPMN058	The Operation Status of HLS (Hefei Light Source)	radiation, synchrotron-radiation, damping, feedback	1058
	W. Li G. Feng, L. Liu, B. Sun, J. H. Wang, L. Wang, H. Xu, K. Xuan USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui S. C. Zhang USTC, Hefei, Anhui
	National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, University of Science and Technology of China, P. R.China HLS(Hefei Light Source) is a dedicated synchrotron radiation research facility, spectrally strongest in Vacuum Ultra Violet and Soft X-ray. Designed and constructed in 1980's, accepted to regular service in 1991. From 1999 to 2004, the National Synchrotron Radiation Lab carried out its Phase II Project, in which quite a few sub-systems of HLS storage ring were upgraded and 8 new beamline were constructed. After the project, the performance of HLS is improved considerably. In this paper, the operation status and performance of storage ring in recent years were presented. With some measures, the operation beam intensity is about 300mA, beam lifetime is higher than before, orbit stability is met requirement of users, and the capability to provide synchrotron radiation exceeds the design value.

TUPMN072	Current Status of Lattice Design and Accelerator Physics Issues of the 3 GeV Taiwan Synchrotron Light Source	emittance, lattice, dynamic-aperture, dipole	1085
	C.-C. Kuo H.-P. Chang, H. C. Chao, P. J. Chou, W. T. Liu, G.-H. Luo, H.-J. Tsai, M.-H. Wang NSRRC, Hsinchu
	In the past years, we have been conducting a design work for a synchrotron light facility with low emittance storage ring in the intermediate energy range in NSRRC. A number of design options with different lattice structure types, circumferences, etc., are compared. We present one design case with 24-cell DBA structure and 486 m circumference. The associated accelerator physics issues are discussed.

TUPMN075	BEAM LIFETIME ESTIMATION FOR TAIWAN 3GEV SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE	lattice, scattering, emittance, electron	1094
	W. T. Liu H.-P. Chang, H. C. Chao, P. J. Chou, C.-C. Kuo, G.-H. Luo, H.-J. Tsai, M.-H. Wang NSRRC, Hsinchu
	The demanding design features of Taiwan Photon Source (TPS), low emittance and small gap undulator vacuum vessels, cause Touschek scattering and gas scattering to play a major limitation role for beam lifetime. We calculate the Touschek lifetime based on the tracking procedure determining energy acceptance. The nonlinear synchrotron oscillation due to large second-order momentum compaction factor is included in the energy acceptance calculations. Small vertical ID gaps are imposed in the tracking procedure. Besides, the gas scattering lifetime is estimated with varying gas pressure. The possible improvement solutions for lifetime will be addressed.

TUPMN093	A Kilohertz Picosecond X-Ray Pulse Generation Scheme	kicker, storage-ring, photon, damping	1133
	W. Guo M. Borland, K. C. Harkay, C.-X. Wang, B. X. Yang ANL, Argonne, Illinois
	The duration of the x-ray pulse generated at a synchrotron light source is typically tens of picoseconds. Shorter pulses are highly desired by the users. In electron storage rings, the vertical beam size is usually orders of magnitude less than the bunch length due to radiation damping; therefore, a shorter pulse can be obtained by slitting the vertically tilted bunch. Zholents proposed tilting the bunch using rf deflection. We found that tilted bunches can also be generated by a dipole magnet kick. A vertical tilt is developed after the kick in the presence of non-zero chromaticity. The tilt was successfully observed and a 4.2-ps pulse was obtained fom a 27-ps electron bunch at the Advanced Photon Source. Based on this principle we propose a short-pulse generation scheme that produces picosecond x-ray pulses at a repetition rate of 1~2 kHz, which can be used for pump-probe experiments. The tilt phenomenon can also be utilized for machine parameter measurement.

TUPMN097	A Possibility for Using an APPLE Undulator to Generate a Photon Beam with Transverse Optical Modes	radiation, undulator, polarization, optics	1142
	S. Sasaki I. McNulty ANL, Argonne, Illinois T. Shimada JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken
	Funding: Work supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. Photons that carry orbital angular momentum are of great interest to the optics and laser communities. This exotic property of photon beams was recently demonstrated in the x-ray regime* and may be useful to probe angular momentum in matter**. However, by comparison to the visible light regime, it is difficult to fabricate efficient achromatic optics to generate these optical modes in x-rays. In spite of these inconveniences, there has been no investigation of the possibility of using a synchrotron light source to directly generate an x-ray beam with transverse optical modes. In this paper, we investigate use of an APPLE-type undulator for generating Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) and Hermite-Gaussian (HG) mode beams. We find that the second harmonic radiation in the circular mode corresponds to an LG beam with l=1, and the second harmonic in the linear mode corresponds to an HG beam with l=1. The combination of an APPLE undulator and conventional monochromator optics may provide an opportunity for a new type of experimental research in the synchrotron radiation community. Detailed discussion will be presented in the conference. We thank C. Quitmann for insightful comments. M. Padgett, J. Courtial, L. Allen, Physics Today, p. 35, May, 2004. A. G. Peele et al., Optics Letters, 27, 1752 (2002).* M. VanVeenendaal and I. McNulty, Phys. Rev. Lett., submitted.

TUPMN101	A Study of the Minimum Wall Thickness for an Extruded Aluminum Vacuum Chamber	vacuum, undulator, insertion, insertion-device	1151
	E. Trakhtenberg G. E. Wiemerslage ANL, Argonne, Illinois
	Funding: Work at Argonne National Laboratory is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under contract # DE-Ac02-06CH11357. Multiple vacuum chambers for the insertion devices with 1-mm wall thickness were developed at Argonne for the APS and many other synchrotron radiation facilities.* Using the extrusion for the insertion device vacuum chamber (ID VC) for the DESY FEL project with a 9.5-mm inner diameter, we decreased the wall thickness to 0.6, 0.5, and 0.4 mm to test the vacuum integrity for a thin wall in these extrusions. A special ultrasonic transducer with a 1/8" diameter was required to do the job. Also some additional short samples, machined exactly as the experimental piece, were used to verify wall thickness mechanically. Experimental setup and test results are presented. * Trakhtenberg E., Wiemerslage G., Den Hartog P. "New insertion device vacuum chambers at the Advanced Photon Source", PAC 2003 Particle Accelerator Physics Conference; Portland, OR.

TUPMS014	Commissioning of the Booster Injector Synchrotron for the HIGS Facility at Duke University	booster, extraction, injection, electron	1209
	S. F. Mikhailov O. Anchugov, N. Gavrilov, G. Y. Kurkin, Yu. Matveev, D. Shvedov, N. Vinokurov BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk M. D. Busch, M. Emamian, S. M. Hartman, Y. Kim, J. Li, V. Popov, G. Swift, P. W. Wallace, P. Wang, Y. K. Wu FEL/Duke University, Durham, North Carolina C. R. Howell TUNL, Durham, North Carolina
	Funding: This work is supported by the US DoE grant #DE-FG02-01ER41175 A booster synchrotron has been built and recently commissioned at Duke University Free Electron Laser Laboratory (DFELL) as part of the High Intensity Gamma-ray Source (HIGS) facility upgrade. HIGS is developed collaboratively by the DFELL and Triangular Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL). The booster will provide top-off injection into the Duke FEL storage ring in the energy range of 0.27 - 1.2 GeV. When operating the Duke storage ring to produce high energy Compton gamma ray beams above 20 MeV, continuous electron beam loss occurs. The lost electrons will be replenished by the booster injector operating in the top-off mode. The compactness of the booster posed a challenge for its development and commissioning. The booster has been successfully commissioned in 2006. This paper reports experience of commissioning and initial operation of the booster.

TUPMS017	Accelerator Physics Research and Light Source Development Programs at Duke University	booster, storage-ring, electron, wiggler	1215
	Y. K. Wu
	Funding: This work is supported by the US AFOSR MFEL grant #FA9550-04-01-0086 and by U. S. DoE grant DE-FG05-91ER40665. The Duke Free-Electron Laser Laboratory (DFELL) has recently completed two major accelerator/light source development projects - we successfully commissioned the world's first distributed optical klystron FEL (DOK-1 FEL) and a new 0.27-1.2 GeV booster synchrotron. The DOK-1 FEL has a much improved FEL gain compared with traditional optical klystrons. This allows the DOK-1 FEL to become a versatile light source for UV-VUV operation and as a driver for a high-intensity Compton gamma-source. The top-off booster injector for the Duke storage ring is part of the upgrade project of High Intensity Gamma-ray Source (HIGS), a facility jointly developed by the DFELL and Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL). The accelerator and light source development has created new opportunities for the accelerator physics research. In this paper, we will report our recent progress in accelerator and light source development as well as the ongoing accelerator physics research programs to meet the new challenges in the areas of beam dynamics and beam instability.

TUPMS023	Measurement of Permanent Magnet Material Demagnetization Due to Irradiation by High Energy Electrons	radiation, electron, undulator, permanent-magnet	1230
	A. Temnykh
	Funding: Work supported by the National Science Foundation under contract PHY 0202078 The design of insertion device depends on the properties of the permanent magnet material used. While magnetic material properties such as coercive force, residual induction and magnetization variation with temperature are provided by manufacturer, demagnetization caused by radiation can be only roughly estimated based on very few published data. To obtain data which can be reliably used in ERL insertion device design, we irradiated two materials of very different coercive forces and measured their demagnetization as function of radiation dose. For irradiation we used 5GeV electron beam from Cornell 12GeV Synchrotron. Radiation dose was measured using the calorimetric technique. One of the materials was similar to what we plan to use in construction of ERL undulators. Detailed information on experimental setup, radiation dose measurement techniques, results and analysis will be presented.

TUPMS024	Development of a 100 mm Period Hybrid Wiggler for the Australian Synchrotron Project	wiggler, multipole, electron, background	1233
	J. Kulesza K. I. Blomqvist MAX-lab, Lund A. Deyhim, E. A. Johnson, D. J. Waterman Advanced Design Consulting, Inc, Lansing, New York C. Glover ASP, Clayton, Victoria
	Funding: Australian Synchrotron Project This paper summarizes the final magnetic measurement for a hybrid wiggler installed at the Australian Synchrotron Project (ASP). This device uses an anti-symmetric, hybrid design with a period of 100 mm and 40 full-strength Vanadium-Permendur poles surrounded by Neodynium-Iron-Boron magnets. It is designed to operate at two gaps with critical energies of 11.4 (14mm) and 9.6 keV (18.16mm) and to have a maximum gap with the field strength By ≤ 50 G. The wiggler's drive mechanism is capable of moving from minimum to maximum gap in 96 seconds. End terminations are designed to maintain the electron trajectory on-axis. The straightness of the electron orbit is controlled by moving the poles vertically and horizontally. The integrated multipoles are controlled over the interval \|x\| < 25 mm and all gap sizes by moving the side magnets, installing correction magnets at the wiggler entrance and exit and using correction coils. All adjustments have been made using threaded fasteners. No shims have been used.

TUPMS026	Design of Control Instrumentation of two In-Vacuum Undulators IVU25s	controls, vacuum, synchrotron-radiation, undulator	1236
	J. Kulesza N. Chen SSRF, Shanghai A. Deyhim Advanced Design Consulting, Inc, Lansing, New York
	Funding: Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics This paper summarizes the primary controller that is based on Schneider Premium PLC for two in-vacuum undulators to be installed at SSRF. The PLC controls a single gap stepper motor and driver, both made by Parker-Hannifin. Position feedback is derived from a TR Electronics linear absolute LTS-240 encoder mounted across the gap. The encoder resolution is programmable down to .1 um per count. Since the encoder is absolute there will be no need to home the gap axis. The advantage of linear encoders is the measurement is more direct and is not subject to wind-up and deflection that a rotary encoder would see on the end of a ball screw. Two encoders are planned, one on each end of the magnet array. One encoder will be the primary feedback for the axis and the other will detect deflection errors and girder taper. Four limits are provided as well as 4 kill switches. The 4 switches (2 limits and 2 kills) at min gap are optical and the 4 outer switches (2 limits and 2 kills) are mechanical. The limits prevent further motion in the direction they protect but allow the axis to be driven in the other direction (off the switch).

TUPMS044	Design of a 980 MeV Energy Recovery Linac	linac, recirculation, quadrupole, synchrotron-radiation	1287
	R. A. Bosch J. Bisognano, M. D. Medley UW-Madison/SRC, Madison, Wisconsin
	Funding: This research was supported by National Science Foundation grant no. DMR-0537588. A 980-MeV energy recovery linac with radiofrequency (rf) of 1.5 GHz is designed. Electrons are accelerated by two passages through a 480-MeV superconducting linac, and decelerated by two subsequent passages. Recirculation is accomplished with six 60-degree bending magnets. The threshold current for beam breakup instability exceeds 100 mA. Gaussian bunches with normalized transverse emittances of 0.1 mm-mrad and rms length of 1.85 ps may be compressed by a factor of 180 (to a bunch length of 10 fs) with only a slight increase in transverse normalized emittance. Bunch charges up to 8 pC may be compressed at 980 MeV without excessive degradation from coherent synchrotron radiation, allowing operation with beam currents up to 12 mA.

TUPMS045	Improvements to the Aladdin Synchrotron Light Source	insertion, insertion-device, quadrupole, undulator	1290
	K. Jacobs J. Bisognano, R. A. Bosch, D. Eisert, M. V. Fisher, M. A. Green, R. G. Keil, K. J. Kleman, R. A. Legg, G. C. Rogers, J. P. Stott UW-Madison/SRC, Madison, Wisconsin
	Funding: Work supported by the U. S. National Science Foundation under Award No. DMR-0537588. Aladdin is an IR to soft x-ray synchrotron light source operated by the University of Wisconsin at Madison. As part of the ongoing program of upgrades and improvements, several changes have recently been made to the ring. It had previously been determined that physical apertures (BPMs) at the QF quadrupoles were limiting beam lifetime when the ring was operated in its low emittance configuration. Increasing the size of these apertures has resulted in a significant increase in lifetime. Also as part of the aperture opening process, a number of ring components were redesigned and replaced, lowering the ring impedance. This has led to an increase in the threshold beam current for microwave instability. Another modification was the design and installation of discrete trim coils on the quadrupole pole-tips to facilitate using the quads as steering correctors. Details of these and other improvements will be presented.

TUPMS050	Simulation of Ultra-Short Pulses in a Storage Ring	electron, simulation, shielding, lattice	1305
	X. Huang
	Simulation study was performed with the tracking code Elegant [M. Borland, APS Report LS-287] to show beam quality evolution for a short, intense electron bunch after being injected to the SPEAR3 storage ring. The electron bunch with an intensity of 1mA (0.78nC) and a length of nearly 1ps (FWHM) is found to degrade rapidly due to coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) which causes large uneven longitudinal phase space distortion. The bunch length remains short and the longitudinal line density remains smooth for about 10 turns. For such a beam to circulate in the ring, a total of 10MV rf power is needed to compensate for the energy loss. * M. Borland, APS Report LS-287

TUPMS051	Low Alpha Mode for SPEAR3	lattice, sextupole, injection, electron	1308
	X. Huang W. J. Corbett, Y. Nosochkov, J. A. Safranek, J. J. Sebek, A. Terebilo SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	In the interest of obtaining shorter bunch length for shorter X-ray pulses, we have developed a low-alpha operational mode for SPEAR3. In this mode the momentum compaction factor is reduced by a factor of 21 or more from the usual achromat mode by introducing negative dispersion at the straight sections. We successfully stored 100~mA with the normal fill pattern at a lifetime of 30hrs. The bunch length was measured to be 6.9ps, compared to 17ps in the normal mode. In this paper we report our studies on the lattice design and calibration, orbit stability, higher order alpha measurement, lifetime measurement and its dependence on the sextupoles, injection efficiency and bunch lengths.

TUPMS072	Longitudinal Beam Parameter Tolerances of NSLS II	emittance, photon, controls, radiation	1338
	W. Guo G. L. Carr, S. Krinsky, J. Rose BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
	Funding: National Synchrotron Light Source II A notable feature of the proposed National Synchrotron Light Source II is that the vertical emittance is close to the diffraction limit of 1 Angstrom. With such a small emittance, the brightness is strongly affected by the longitudinal parameters, such as the momentum spread. Various effects are discussed and tolerances on the longitudinal parameters will be given. The lower level RF feedback system will be designed based on these tolerances.

TUPAN004	Slow Kicker Magnet System with Energy Recover Pulse Power Supply with Extended Flat Top	power-supply, controls, kicker, proton	1395
	P. A. Elkiaer S. L. Birch, E. P. Quinn, S. P. Stoneham STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon C. E. Hansen, N. Hauge, C. Nielsen, E. Steinmann Danfysik A/S, Jyllinge A. Morris STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon
	Danfysik has developed a novel Slow Kicker Magnet Power Supply ERMPPS with associated magnet achieving high stability, long flatness top and low energy consumption. Two Slow Kicker Magnet Systems has been built to RAL, one low and one high energy supply. The magnets are laminated window frame type. The RAL synchrotron produces high energy protons at 50 Hz rate. The Slow Kickers operate at 10 Hz, directing a portion of the extracted protons to a second beam line. The flat top width is 600 μs with a flat top and peak-peak stability better than 100 ppm. The rise and fall time is 12 msec. The power supply has been developed with following highlights: High accuracy with adjustable output current, wide range micro-step set able flattop and rise time width, energy recovery, digital flattop and rise time regulation loop in FPGA and variable repetition frequency down to one shoot operation. The flat top- and rise time width settings are bounded by the actual load and internal component values. The paper describes power supply topology, the digital regulation principia and the magnet construction. Performance measurements electrical as well as magnetic measurements are presented.

TUPAN013	FAIR Synchrotron Operation with Low Charge State Heavy Ions	ion, beam-losses, vacuum, lattice	1416
	C. Omet D. Hoffmann, P. J. Spiller GSI, Darmstadt
	Funding: Work supported by EU, contract No. 515876 Beam loss caused by charge changing process in connection with dynamic vacuum effects may limit the maximum number of accelerated heavy ions with low charge states in the existing synchrotron SIS18 and the planned SIS100/SIS300 of the FAIR project. With the aim to stabilize the vacuum dynamics and to control ionization beam loss, a substantial upgrade program has been defined for SIS18 and is presently realized. For SIS100, a new lattice design concept has been developed, where each lattice cell acts as a charge seperator and thereby enables the local control of beam loss. Simulation, conducted with the code STRAHLSIM, of the time dependent evolution of beam loss, dynamic residual gas pressure and the effect of the proposed dedicated ion catcher systems will be presented.

TUPAN050	Status of the Induction Acceleration System	induction, power-supply, acceleration, ion	1502
	Y. Shimosaki Y. Arakida, T. Iwashita, T. Kono, E. Nakamura, K. Takayama, M. Wake KEK, Ibaraki T. S. Dixit GUAS/AS, Ibaraki N. Nagura, K. Okazaki, K. Otsuka Nippon Advanced Technology Co. Ltd., Ibaraki-prefecture K. T. Torikai NIRS, Chiba-shi
	Single proton bunch confined by the barrier voltage was accelerated by the induction step-voltage from 500 MeV to 6 GeV at the KEK-PS on March 2006. We will present the status with the information about troubles and counter-measures for the induction acceleration system. K. Takayama, presented in PAC07.

TUPAN055	Present Status of J-PARC Ring RF Ring RF Systems	power-supply, radio-frequency, acceleration, controls	1511
	M. Yoshii S. Anami, E. Ezura, K. Hara, Y. Hashimoto, C. Ohmori, A. Takagi, M. Toda KEK, Ibaraki K. Haga, K. Hasegawa, M. Nomura, A. Schnase, F. Tamura, M. Yamamoto JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken
	The RCS high frequency accelerating systems are prepared for beam commissioning in September 2007. Installations of cavities, power supplies and amplifiers have been carried out. The systems have been checked for operation and interoperability. For the MR high frequency accelerating system, the examination of the whole system and its final adjustment are done aiming at installation in October 2007. Here, we report on various issues which had been found and solved during the examination and installation period. masahito.yoshii@kek.jp

TUPAN063	High Power Test of MA Cavity for J-PARC RCS	impedance, linac, acceleration, power-supply	1532
	M. Yamamoto S. Anami, E. Ezura, K. Hara, C. Ohmori, A. Takagi, M. Toda, M. Yoshii KEK, Ibaraki K. Hasegawa, M. Nomura, A. Schnase, F. Tamura JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken
	We have been testing the RF cavities for the J-PARC RCS, we can operate the cavities without sever problems. Before some MA cores were damaged, then we found such cores have low ribbon resistance. After that we have tested the cavities loaded with improved ribbon resistance.

TUPAN117	Progress on Dual Harmonic Acceleration on the ISIS Synchrotron	acceleration, beam-losses, proton, power-supply	1649
	A. Seville D. J. Adams, C. W. Appelbee, D. Bayley, N. E. Farthing, I. S.K. Gardner, M. G. Glover, B. G. Pine, J. W.G. Thomason, C. M. Warsop STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon
	The ISIS facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK is currently the most intense pulsed, spallation, neutron source. The accelerator consists of a 70 MeV H^- linac and an 800 MeV, 50 Hz, rapid cycling, proton synchrotron. The synchrotron beam intensity is 2.5·10¹³ protons per pulse, corresponding to a mean current of 200 μA. The synchrotron beam is accelerated using six, ferrite loaded, RF cavities with harmonic number 2. Four additional, harmonic number 4, cavities have been installed to increase the beam bunching factor with the potential of raising the operating current to 300μA. The dual harmonic system has now been used operationally for the first time, running reliably throughout the last ISIS user cycle of 2006. This paper reports on the hardware commissioning, beam tests and improved operational results obtained so far with dual harmonic acceleration.

TUPAS001	Studies of Space Charge Loss Mechanisms on the ISIS Synchrotron	simulation, resonance, space-charge, emittance	1652
	C. M. Warsop D. J. Adams, B. G. Pine STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon
	The ISIS Facility is the pulsed neutron and muon source based at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK. Operation centres on the 50 Hz Synchrotron, which accelerates ~3·10¹³ protons per pulse from 70 to 800 MeV, providing a mean power of about 0.2 MW. As commissioning of a second harmonic RF system is completed, it is expected that the main loss mechanisms will be related to transverse space charge forces, which are particularly strong during the multi-turn injection and trapping processes. Here, we describe progress in ongoing studies to understand more about what drives loss and thus limits intensity. Results from simulations and application of relevant theory are presented, concentrating on the effects thought most important for the ISIS ring. Progress on work looking at the half integer resonance and image effects in the rectangular vacuum vessels is reported, along with work for experimental studies.

TUPAS032	Prospects of Diagnostics with Optical Diffraction Radiation in Hadron Colliders	radiation, target, collider, synchrotron-radiation	1721
	T. Sen V. E. Scarpine, R. Thurman-Keup Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
	Optical diffraction radiation has been observed and recently used to measure the beam size of electrons at KEK. This non-invasive technique also holds promise for imaging beams close to the interaction point in hadron colliders. In this paper we consider the feasibility of this technique for the Tevatron and the LHC.

TUPAS040	Momentum Spread Reduction at Beam Extraction from the Fermilab Booster at Slipstacking Injection to the Main Injector	booster, extraction, injection, emittance	1733
	A. I. Drozhdin W. Pellico, X. Yang Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
	In order to reduce the momentum spread of the beam at extraction from the Booster to the Main Injector with slip stacking injection, the bunch rotation at the end of the cycle is applied. However, the fast RF voltage reduction often causes beam loading issues to Booster RF cavities, and the reliability of extracted beam becomes a problem. An alternative solution is investigated - modulating the RF voltage with twice of the synchrotron frequency introduces bunch length oscillation, and the beam is extracted at the time when the bunch length reaches maximum and the momentum spread becomes minimal.

TUPAS066	Interaction Region Design for a Super-B Factory	background, radiation, interaction-region, factory	1805
	M. K. Sullivan M. E. Biagini, P. Raimondi INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma) J. Seeman, U. Wienands SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	Funding: Work supported by US DOE contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 We present a preliminary design of an interaction region for a Super-B Factory with luminosity of 1x10³⁶ cm²/s. The collision has a ± 17 mrad crossing angle and the first magnetic element starts 30 cm from the collision point. We show that synchrotron radiation backgrounds are controlled and are at least as good as the backgrounds calculated for the PEP-II accelerator. How the beams get into and out of a shared beam pipe is illustrated along with the control of relatively high synchrotron radiation power from the outgoing beams. The high luminosity makes radiative bhabha backgrounds significantly higher than that of the present B-Factories and this must be addresed in the initial design.

WEOAC01	Secondary Electron Yield and Rectangular Groove Chamber Tests in PEP-II	electron, radiation, synchrotron-radiation, vacuum	1997
	M. T.F. Pivi R. E. Kirby, T. W. Markiewicz, T. O. Raubenheimer, J. Seeman, L. Wang SLAC, Menlo Park, California F. Le Pimpec PSI, Villigen
	Funding: Work supported by the Director, Office of Science, High Energy Physics, U. S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. Possible remedies for the electron cloud in the Damping Ring of the International Linear collider includes conditioning of the surface and chamber with grooves. We installed chambers in PEP-II to test the secondary electron yield (SEY) of coated TiN and TiZrV NEG samples and study the effect of electron and photon conditioning in situ. We have also installed vacuum chambers with rectangular groove profile in straight sections to test this possible mitigation technique. In this paper, we will describe the PEP-II test layout, results and impact on impedance.

WEOBC02	Vertical Instability at IPNS RCS	proton, acceleration, beam-losses, extraction	2022
	S. Wang F. R. Brumwell, J. C. Dooling, K. C. Harkay, R. Kustom, G. E. McMichael, M. E. Middendorf, A. Nassiri ANL, Argonne, Illinois
	Funding: This work is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy under contract no. W-31-109-ENG-38. The Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS) Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) accelerates 3.2x 10¹² protons from 50 MeV to 450 MeV at 30 Hz. During the 14.2 ms acceleration period, the RF frequency varies from 2.21 MHz to 5.14 MHz. The beam current is limited by a vertical instability. By analyzing turn-by-turn Beam Position Monitor (BPM) data, large amplitude mode 0 and mode 1 vertical beam centroid oscillations were observed in the later part of the acceleration cycle. The oscillations develop in the tail of the bunch, build up and remain localized in the later part of the bunch. This vertical instability was compared with a head-tail instability that was intentionally induced in the RCS by adjusting the trim-sextupoles to make the horizontal chromaticity positive (below transition). It appears that our vertical instability is not typical head-tail instability. More data analysis and experiments were performed to characterize the instability.
	Slides

WEPMN005	The SSRF Booster Cavity System	booster, vacuum, controls, electron	2053
	K. Dunkel B. A. Aminov CRE, Wuppertal J. Hottenbacher, C. Piel ACCEL, Bergisch Gladbach
	In February 2007 a system consisting out of two 5 cell 500MHz cavities has been delivered to SSRF to accelerate the electrons in their booster ring. The two cavities are controlled by a low level RF system, which forms part of the delivery. The paper will describe the general layout of the booster RF system and the architecture of the low level RF system controlling one amplifier and two cavities. Results of the commissioning phase will be presented and compared with expected and guaranteed values of the system.

WEPMN007	Introducing a Homepage for Information Retrieval and Backup of the Ground Vibration Measurements and Mechanical Vibrations of the Superconducting Modules at DESY	site, ground-motion, background, synchrotron-radiation	2059
	R. Amirikas M. Kubczigk DESY, Hamburg
	Funding: Work supported by the Commission of the European Communities under the 6th Framework Program Structuring the European Research Area, contract number RIDS-011899. In this paper, we will introduce our homepage (http://vibration.desy.de) which is used for the storage and dissemination of our ground motion measurement data of 20 sites around the world and the XFEL/ILC superconducting module data. This homepage is open to the scientific community and the data can be utilized for planning of future accelerator facilities and design of future prototypes of module vessels containing cold mass.

WEPMN017	RF System for the Elettra New Full Energy Booster Injector	booster, storage-ring, linac, extraction	2083
	A. Fabris M. Bocciai, L. Bortolossi, M. Ottobretti, C. Pasotti, M. Rinaldi, M. Svandrlik ELETTRA, Basovizza, Trieste
	The Elettra new full energy injector will be based on a 100 MeV linac and a 2.5 GeV booster synchrotron and it will replace the existing 1.2 linac injector. This paper presents the design, construction and the test results of the RF system for the booster synchrotron. The analysis of the foreseen operating scenario is also described. The system must be as simple and reliable as possible, taking into consideration the high availability required for the possible top-up mode of operation. It has also to be consistent with the other upgrades of the facility, as the upgrade of the storage ring RF system. The booster RF system will use a 500 MHz 5-cell copper cavity powered by a 60 kW klystron based power plant. The low level electronics has been in-house developed, starting from the system in operation in the storage ring, increasing the performances and developing the new features required by the use of a five-cell cavity, instead of a single cell one, and by the ramped operation. The commissioning of the new injector is scheduled to start in summer 2007, while the first Elettra operation for users with the new full energy injector is expected for the first quarter of 2008.

WEPMN038	Development of the Beam Chopper Timing System for Multi-Turn Injection to the J-PARC RCS	injection, linac, controls, extraction	2125
	F. Tamura S. Anami, E. Ezura, K. Hara, C. Ohmori, A. Takagi, M. Toda, M. Yoshii KEK, Ibaraki K. Hasegawa, M. Nomura, A. Schnase, M. Yamamoto JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken
	Multi-turn injection using charge exchange is employed for the J-PARC Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS). To improve the bunching factor of the beam in the ring, the momentum offset injection scheme is used. In each turn, the bunch trains from the linac are injected into the RF buckets with a momentum offset. The bunch train is called the "intermediate pulse". The intermediate pulses are generated in the low energy section of the linac by the RF chopper and pre-chopper. Since the pulse must be synchronized to the RF voltage in the ring, the timing signals for the choppers are generated by the low-level RF (LLRF) system of the RCS and the signals are sent to the chopper control. The RF chopper and the pre-choppers require different pulse widths. Thanks to the direct digital synthesis (DDS) in the LLRF system, precise zero-cross signals for the reference of the chopper pulses are generated without difficulties. The cable route from the RCS LLRF system to the linac chopper control system is more than one kilometer. Thus, the chopper pulses are sent via optical cables. We developed the chopper timing module. We describe the details of the hardware and the preliminary test results.

WEPMN076	Digital Master Oscillator Results for the ISIS Synchrotron	lattice, controls, target, proton	2203
	C. W. Appelbee A. Daly STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon A. Seville STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon
	Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in Oxfordshire is home to an 800MeV synchrotron particle accelerator called ISIS. Its main function is to direct a beam of protons into a heavy metal target to produce neutrons for scientists to analyse condensed matter. A second harmonic system is being developed to upgrade the beam current from 200uA to 300uA in order to drive a second target station. This is being achieved by the inclusion of four second harmonic cavities to increase the width of the RF bucket. In the past the six fundamental cavities were driven by an analogue master oscillator but the extra cavities will bring more difficultly in the phasing of the system. This could be more easily and precisely controlled by embedding a Direct Digital Synthesis core into an FPGA chip as the heart of a new digital Master Oscillator. This paper describes the results of the setting up and performance of the prototype instrument and the implications it has for the synchrotron.

WEPMS056	High Current, Large Aperture, Low HOM, Single Crystal Nb 2.85GHz Superconducting Cavity	damping, simulation, electron, higher-order-mode	2472
	Q. S. Shu F. H. Lu, I. M. Phipps, J. L. Shi, J. T. Susta AMAC, Newport News, Virginia R. P. Redwine, D. Wang, F. Wang MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
	Funding: Footnotes: The project was funded by the US Department of Energy under contract DE-FG02-05ER84346 There is an increasing demand for High beam Current, high Radio-Frequency (RF) power S-band cavities in existing and new accelerator projects to produce a very brilliant, broadband, teraherz coherent synchrotron radiation source (CRS). To achieve this goal, the RF cavities must be upgraded to a gap voltage of 1.5 MV in the limited space available in the machine with a high gradient superconducting cavity. At the present time there are no cavities and accessories designed to support the high beam currents of up to 100 mA and at the same time provide a high gap voltage at such a high S-band frequency. AMAC proposed a High Current, Large Aperture, Low HOM, Single Crystal Nb 2.85GHz Superconducting Cavity with high RF Power Coupler and HOM absorber device. Comprehensive simulation and optimization to determine the SRF cavity parameters to meet the requirements, provided two alternate designs for the RF input couplers, performed a detailed Higher Order Modes (HOM) analysis, and proposed an HOM absorber concept to dampen the modes exited in the cavity due to the high beam current and high bunch intensity.

THXC01	LHC Beam Instrumentation	coupling, beam-losses, feedback, pick-up	2630
	O. R. Jones
	The LHC will have very tight tolerances on all beam parameters. Their precise measurement is therefore very important for controlling and understanding the machine. With over two orders of magnitude higher stored beam energy than previous colliders, machine protection is also an issue, with any beam losses having to be closely monitored. This presentation will aim to give an overview of the beam instrumentation foreseen for the LHC together with the requirements for initial and nominal operation. A summary of the main systems will be followed by a discussion of areas where there have been recent advances, such as in the measurement of tune, chromaticity and coupling.
	Slides

THYC02	Coherent Radiation Diagnostics for Short Bunches	radiation, diagnostics, synchrotron-radiation, electron	2653
	O. Grimm
	Electron bunches less than a few picoseconds emit lots of coherent radiation (CSR, CTR, CDR, etc.) most of which is at terahertz frequencies. This is becoming the diagnostic of choice for bunch compressors in linacs (chicanes). However, at these frequencies the transmission of the radiation can be very challenging. Signifiicant advances, with examples of real measurements at TTF2, will be described.
	Slides

THOBC02	Absolute Bunch Length Measurements at the ALS by Incoherent Synchrotron Radiation Fluctuation Analysis	radiation, photon, synchrotron-radiation, electron	2661
	F. Sannibale D. Filippetto INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma) G. V. Stupakov SLAC, Menlo Park, California M. S. Zolotorev LBNL, Berkeley, California
	Funding: This work is supported by the Director, Office of Science, High Energy Physics, U. S. Dept. of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH1121 By analysing the pulse to pulse intensity fluctuations of the radiation emitted by a charge particle in the incoherent part of the spectrum, it is possible to extract information about the spatial distribution of the beam. At the Advanced Light Source (ALS) of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, we have developed and tested a simple scheme based on this principle that allows for the absolute measurement of the bunch length. A description of the method and the experimental results are presented.
	Slides

THIAKI04	Recent Activities in Accelerator Construction and STF Cryomodule	vacuum, proton, power-supply, linac	2677
	T. Semba Y. Chida, Y. Itou, T. Tagawa, Y. Tsujioka, T. Yoshinari Hitachi Ltd., Ibaraki-ken N. Shibata Hitachi High-Technologies Corp., Ibaraki-ken
	Hitachi has been involved with construction of various accelerator systems for over forty years, from small apparatuses for laboratory use to the large systems for national projects. Our recent results are: SRC (Superconducting Ring Cyclotron) sector magnets of RIKEN RI Beam Factory, J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) magnets and power-supplies in JAEA, etc. And also, we have been developed capacities on manufacturing superconducting and cryogenic equipments. These are the key technologies in fundamental science researches. For these two years, we have been practically participated to construct STF (Superconducting RF Test Facility) cryomodule as an R&D equipment for the future ILC. Its two 6-meter long cryostats are designed to contain maximum eight 9-cell cavities in total. After the high-accuracy manufacturing of large vacuum vessels and cryogenic components, we assembled the entire cryomodules with specially designed jigs. Cavities and some related parts were installed by KEK. Through this work, we shared the valuable experience of manufacturing and assembling process. This paper describes our recent activities in accelerator construction and STF cryomodule.
	Slides

THIAKI05	European Industries Potential Capabilities on Superconducting RF Accelerator Modules	superconducting-RF, linac, vacuum, RF-structure	2680
	H. Vogel
	European Industry has been supporting accelerator projects in the past and will be supporting future projects. Larger numbers of superconducting accelerator modules with guaranteed performance parameters have been supplied for example for LEP at CERN and superconducting cavities have been supplied also with guarantees for CEBAF at Jefferson Lab, the proton linear accelerator for the Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, and for the rf system for LHC. A significant number of cavities have been supplied in support of the TTF/ILC activities. With a view to the future European X-FEL linear accelerator it is expected that turn-key accelerator modules will be requested from industry. A review of the European Industries supplies in the past and present will be given to show their capabilities for the future ILC.
	Slides

THICKI02	Design of Large-sized Accelerator Tunnel	alignment, controls, civil-engineering, heavy-ion	2697
	T. Kato A. Tamura Nikken Sekkei Civil Ltd, Tokyo
	There are several key points in designing the underground tunnel where large-sized accelerator is installed. The following two points are very important. (1) Transformation of the tunnel should be minimal. (2) Level of integrity and durability of the tunnel structure should be high. In order to accomplish minimal transformation of the tunnel and stable operation of the accelerator, we recommend not to provide the expansion joints in the tunnel concrete. As the result of structural analysis which we performed on temperature change inside the tunnel without expansion joints, we confirmed that there was few incidence of harmful cracks and transformation.
	Slides

THPMN004	A Synchrotron Based Particle Therapy Accelerator	vacuum, injection, extraction, quadrupole	2713
	S. P. Møller T. Andersen, F. Bødker, A. Baurichter, P. A. Elkiaer, C. E. Hansen, N. Hauge, T. Holst, I. Jensen, L. K. Kruse, S. M. Madsen, M. Sager, S. V. Weber Danfysik A/S, Jyllinge K. Blasche BTE Heidelberg, Ingeniurburo, Schriesheim B. Franczak GSI, Darmstadt
	Danfysik and Siemens have entered a cooperation to market and build Particle Therapy* systems for cancer therapy. The accelerators will consist of an injector (7 MeV/u proton and light ions), a compact and simple synchrotron and a choice of fixed-angle horizontal and semi-vertical beamlines together with gantry systems. The optimized lattice configuration, including the design of injection and extraction systems, provides large transverse phase space acceptance with minimum magnet apertures. The resulting synchrotron will have light magnets, low values of peak power for pulsed operation and minimum dc power consumption. The beam can be accelerated to the maximum magnetic rigidity of 6.6 Tm in less than 1 s. A beam of 48-250 MeV protons and 88-430 MeV/u carbon ions can be slowly extracted during up to 10s. The intensity for protons and carbon ions will be well beyond the needs of scanning beam applications. The design and performance specs of the synchrotron will be described in detail including simulations. Design and manufacture of the subsystems are in progress. *Particle Therapy is a work in progress and requires country-specific regulatory approval prior to clinical use.

THPMN014	Commissioning of the Linac for the Heidelberg Heavy Ion Cancer Therapy Centre (HIT)	rfq, linac, ion, diagnostics	2734
	M. T. Maier W. Barth, W. B. Bayer, L. A. Dahl, L. Groening, C. M. Kleffner, B. Schlitt, K. Tinschert, H. Vormann, S. Yaramyshev GSI, Darmstadt U. Ratzinger, A. Schempp IAP, Frankfurt am Main
	A clinical facility for cancer therapy using energetic proton and ion beams (C, He and O) is under construction and will be installed at the Radiologische Universitätsklinik in Heidelberg, Germany. It consists of two ECR ion sources, a 7 MeV/u linac injector, and a 6.5 Tm synchrotron to accelerate the ions to final energies of 50-430 MeV/u. The linac comprises a 400 keV/u RFQ and a 7 MeV/u IH-DTL operating at 216.8 MHz. The commissioning of the linac with beam was performed in three steps for the LEBT, the RFQ, and the IH-DTL. For this purpose a versatile beam diagnostic test bench has been used consisting of a slit-grid emittance measurement device, transverse pick-ups providing for time of flight energy measurements, SEM-profile grids, and different devices for beam current measurements. In this contribution the procedure and the results of the successful commissioning in the year 2006 of the linear accelerator are reported.

THPMN046	Conceptual Design of the PEFP Rapid Cycling Synchrotron	extraction, injection, lattice, proton	2817
	B. Chung Y.-S. Cho KAERI, Daejon Y. Y. Lee BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
	*Funding: This work was supported by the 21C Frontier R&D program sponsored by Ministry of Science and Technology, Korean Government** The Proton Engineering Frontier Project (PEFP) is a research project to develop a 100 MeV, 20 mA pulsed proton linear accelerator to be used in basic/applied scientific R&D programs and industrial applications. The PEFP proposes the 1.0 GeV synchrotron accelerator as an extension of the PEFP linac, which is a 30 Hz rapid-cycling synchrotron (RCS) with the injection energy of 100 MeV. The target beam power is 87 kW at 1.0GeV in the first stage. The high intensity RCS is one of the important challenges for the spallation neutron source. The conceptual lattice design of the RCS as well as the simulations of an injection system is described in this paper.

THPMN103	New Nonscaling FFAG for Medical Applications	focusing, acceleration, extraction, quadrupole	2951
	C. Johnstone S. R. Koscielniak TRIUMF, Vancouver
	Funding: Work supported by by the Fermilab Research Association, Inc., under contract DE-AC02-76CH00300 with the U. S. Department of Energy. Fixed Field Alternating Gradient (FFAG) machines have been the subject of recent international activity due to their potential for medical applications and accelerator-based technologies. In particular, nonscaling FFAGs (where the optics are not constant and therefore do not scale with momentum) stand to offer the high current advantage of the cyclotron combined with the smaller radial aperture of the synchrotron plus variable extraction energy. Here, a hybrid design for a nonscaling FFAG accelerator has been invented which uses both edge and alternating-gradient focusing principles applied to a combined-function magnet applied in a specific configuration to stabilize tunes through an acceleration cycle which extends over a factor of 2-6 in momentum. Using normal conducting magnets, the final, extracted energy from this machine attains 400 MeV/nucleon and a normalized emittance of ~10 - 20π, and thus supports a carbon ion beam in the energy range of interest for cancer therapy.

THPMN109	Status of the ILC Main Linac Lattice Design	linac, lattice, quadrupole, synchrotron-radiation	2966
	A. Valishev N. Solyak Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois M. Woodley SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	The report describes the present design of the ILC Main Linac lattice. The topics covered include basic element layout, optical functions, and issues centered around the linac following of the Earth's curvature. Also discussed are beam parameter measurements and instrumentation requirements.

THPAN001	LOCO at the Australian Synchrotron	coupling, quadrupole, storage-ring, optics	3217
	M. J. Spencer M. J. Boland, R. T. Dowd, G. LeBlanc, Y. E. Tan ASP, Clayton, Victoria
	LOCO has been used during the commissioning of the Australian Synchrotron storage ring with a number of benefits. The LOCO (linear optics from close orbits) method compares a model response matrix to the real machine response matrix. Using this approach we are able to adjust the machine to match the ideal model. Results presented here show that LOCO has provided a high degree of control over a wide range of machine parameters.

THPAN009	Orbit Properties of Non-Scaling FFAG Accelerators Using Constant-Gradient Magnets	lattice, quadrupole, betatron, vacuum	3241
	M. K. Craddock S. R. Koscielniak TRIUMF, Vancouver
	Very high momentum compaction can be obtained in non-scaling FFAG accelerators using constant-gradient magnets with their field strengths decreasing outwards - sufficiently high that the magnet apertures (and vacuum chamber) need be little wider than in a strong-focusing synchrotron. Such machines are of great potential interest for applications in the 0.1 - 50 GeV energy range requiring higher intensities or pulse repetition rates than synchrotrons can provide. Analytic formulae have been developed for the basic orbit properties, particularly their momentum dependence, in various lattices, and give accurate enough results to provide a useful tool for choosing the magnet parameters. In this paper the dependences of orbit offset and circumference on momentum are explored for doublet lattices, and numerical results from the formulae are compared with those from lattice codes.

THPAN014	Beam Dynamics of the 100 MeV Preinjector for the Spanish Synchrotron ALBA	linac, gun, emittance, electron	3253
	A. S. Setty
	A turn key 100 MeV linac is under construction, in order to inject electrons into the booster synchrotron of ALBA [1]. The linac will deliver electron beams according to two operation modes: a single bunch mode (1 to 16 pulses - 0.25nC each) and a multi-bunch mode (112ns - 4nC). We have calculated the beam dynamics, using our in house code, PRODYN [2], from the gun to the end of the linac. The beam behaviour, such as the radial control, the bunching process, the energy spread and emittance are analysed. [1] D. Einfeld, "Status of the ALBA project", EPAC 06, Scotland, Edinburgh, June 2006.[2] D. Tronc and A. Setty, "Electrons RF auto-focusing and capture in bunchers", Linear Accelerator Conference 1988, Virginia.

THPAN030	Transverse Self-Consistent Modeling of a 3D Bunch in SIS100 with MICROMAP	simulation, lattice, space-charge, emittance	3292
	C. Benedetti G. Franchetti, I. Hofmann GSI, Darmstadt S. Rambaldi, G. Turchetti Bologna University, Bologna
	Funding: EU-DESIGN STUDY (contract 515873 - DIRACsecondary-Beams) We present the upgrade of the MICROMAP beam dynamics simulation library to include a 2 1/2 D space charge modeling of a 3D bunch using local slices in z. We discuss the parallelization technique, the performances, several tests and comparison with existing well-established analytical/numerical results in order to validate the code. An application to the SIS100 synchrotron of the FAIR project at GSI is outlined.

THPAN034	New Simulation Code for Synchrotron Radiation Based on a Real Beam Orbit	synchrotron-radiation, simulation, monitoring, alignment	3304
	T. Abe
	A computer code to simulate synchrotron-radiation power and spatial distributions has been developed based on the method by T. Abe and H. Yamamoto, where a real beam orbit is obtained by fitting measurements of beam-position monitors (BPMs) with some offset corrections for BPMs and magnet alignments. In this paper, the basic performance and application are presented. This code has been rewritten in Fortran95 so as to obtain expectable maximal speed-up by parallel computing, aiming at online alarm systems to take precautions against synchrotron-radiation damage, toward higher beam current accelerators. T. Abe and H. Yamamoto, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 7, 072802 (2004)

THPAN055	Theoretical Study of Medium Emittance Lattice at HLS	lattice, emittance, dynamic-aperture, synchrotron-radiation	3351
	H. Hao G. Feng, W. Li, L. Wang, X. Wang, H. Xu USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui S. C. Zhang USTC, Hefei, Anhui
	Funding: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 10175062 & No.17175100 A method of injection analysis of small electron storage ring is introduced, and several medium emittance lattices are proposed. By analyzing the injection, working point of the lattice is selected at the vicinity of half integer resonance lines, and emittance is around 60nmrad, the linear and nonlinear properties can be satisfied for injection and store. LIU Zu-Ping, Li Wei-Min. Progress of the NSRL Phase Two Project. In proceedings of the Second Asia Particle Accelerator Conference, Beijing, China, 2001, 235-238

THPAN058	Beam Tracking Simulations for a BPM-based Energy Spectrometer Prototype for ILC	dipole, electron, simulation, radiation	3360
	S. A. Kostromin
	T-474 at SLAC is a prototype BPM-based energy spectrometer for the ILC. A 4-dipole chicane is used with mid-chicane dispersion of 5-mm and magnetic fields of ~1 kGauss; these match the current ILC parameters. Better than 100 part-per-million (ppm) accuracy is needed for ILC energy measurements, requiring better than 50 ppm accuracy for magnetic field integral measurements. Code for beam tracking through the spectrometer chicane was developed. Magnetic field maps for dipole magnets obtained from the measurements at SLAC are used. Different aspects of the magnetic field influence to the beam deflection value are discussed. Results of the beam dynamics study using the measured magnetic fields for T-474 chicane to estimate magnetic effects on capabilities for the energy measurements are also reported.

THPAN063	Analytic Description of the Phase Slip Effect in Race-Track Microtrons	injection, electron, longitudinal-dynamics, microtron	3369
	Yu. A. Kubyshin A. V. Poseryaev, V. I. Shvedunov MSU, Moscow J. P. Rigla UPC, Barcelona
	Design of modern race-track microtrons (RTMs) requires better understanding of the longitudinal beam dynamics in these machines, in particular of the phase slip effect which is important for low energy beams. We generalize an analytical approach for the description of the synchronous particle motion and synchrotron oscillations, developed in our previous papers, by including the fringe fields of the RTM end magnets. Explicit, though approximate, formulas are derived and an algorithm for improving their accuracy is formulated. The efficiency of the analytic description is checked numerically, in particular by tracking simulations using the RTMTRace code. Explicit examples of low energy injection schemes and applications of this formalism for the injection phase fixing are given.

THPAN075	Modeling Incoherent Electron Cloud Effects	electron, emittance, radiation, simulation	3393
	F. Zimmermann E. Benedetto, G. Rumolo, D. Schulte, R. Tomas CERN, Geneva W. Fischer BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York G. Franchetti GSI, Darmstadt K. Ohmi KEK, Ibaraki M. T.F. Pivi, T. O. Raubenheimer SLAC, Menlo Park, California K. G. Sonnad, J.-L. Vay LBNL, Berkeley, California
	Incoherent effects driven by an electron cloud could seriously limit the beam lifetime in proton storage rings or blow up the vertical emittance in positron ones. Different approaches to modeling these effects each have their own merits and drawbacks. We compare the simulation results and computing time requirements from a number of dedicated codes under development over the last years, and describe the respective approximations for the beam-electron cloud interaction, the accelerator structure, and the optical lattice, made in each of these codes. Examples considered include the LHC, CERN SPS, RHIC, and the ILC damping ring. Tentative conclusions are drawn and a strategy for further codes development is outlined.

THPAN087	Study of Turn-by-Turn Vertical Beam Dynamics at Low and High Energy CESR Operation	electron, positron, synchrotron-radiation, radiation	3423
	R. Holtzapple G. W. Codner, M. A. Palmer, E. Tanke CESR-LEPP, Ithaca, New York J. S. Kern Alfred University, Alfred, New York
	Funding: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation. Presently, CESR is operated at two different beam energies, low energy (E=2GeV) for high energy physics (CESR-c), and high energy (E=5.3GeV) for synchrotron radiation production (CHESS). The electron and positron bunches vertical dynamics at these two energies are vastly different, in part due to the change in the pretzel orbit, the presence of wiggler magnets at low energy, and synchrotron radiation power at two vastly different energies. Using the 32 channel photomultiplier array, we measured the vertical beam dynamics on a turn-by-turn basis during CHESS and CESR-c operation as well as dedicated machine studies time. For these studies we quantify the electron cloud effects such as vertical tune shift and vertical beam size blow-up along the electron and positron trains at these two vastly different beam energies. In addition, the turn-by-turn capability of the PMT array allows us to study the vertical bunch dynamics over 10k turns. Design and Implementation of an Electron and Positron Multibunch Turn-by-Turn Vertical Beam Profile Monitor in CESR-PAC2007 proceedings

THPAN102	Tevatron Optics Measurements using an AC Dipole	dipole, betatron, optics, kicker	3465
	R. Miyamoto A. Jansson, M. J. Syphers Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois S. E. Kopp The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
	The AC dipole is a device that can be used to study beam optics of hadron synchrotrons. It can produce sustained large amplitude oscillations with virtually no emittance growth. A vertical AC dipole for the Tevatron was recently implemented and a maximum oscillation amplitude of 2 (4) σ beam size at 980 (150) GeV was achieved. If such large oscillations are combined with the Tevatron's BPM system (20 micron resolution), not only linear but even nonlinear optics can be measured not depending on machine models. This paper discusses how to make model independent measurements of ring-wide beta functions using the AC dipole and shows test results and comparisons to other methods. The emittance preserving nature of the AC dipole allows multiple measurements on the same beam. By repeating measurements with a small change to the optics every time, the accuracy of measurements using the AC dipole can be determined. Results of such tests are also presented.

THPAS045	Method of Perturbative-PIC Simulation for Interactions between a Bunch and Its Synchrotron Radiation	radiation, simulation, synchrotron-radiation, lattice	3594
	J. Shi G. Hoffstaetter CLASSE, Ithaca
	Funding: This work is supported by the US Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-FG02-04ER41288. A self-consistant simulation method is developed for the study of coherent synchrotron radiation effects by using a perturbation expansion of retarded radiation field and the particle-in-cell method. The perturbation expansion of the radiation field is based on the fact that the time dependance of a bunch particle distribution has typically two significantly different time scales, a fast time scale related to the linear dynamics and a slow time scale of the beam-size growth due to nonlinear perturbations. Since the scale of the retardation of the radiation field is usually much shorter than the slow time scale of the particle distribution, the retardation on the slow time scale of the particle distribution is treated perturbatively while the retardation on the fast time scale is removed by transformations associated the linear lattice. With this method, the particle-radiation interaction can be calculated in configuration space without memorizing the history of the particle distribution.

THPAS074	The Effective CSR Forces for an Energy-Chirped Bunch Under Magnetic Compression	simulation, optics, dipole, electron	3654
	R. Li
	Funding: The work is supported by JSA/DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. In this study, we analyze the longitudinal effective CSR force for an energy-chirped Gaussian bunch moving relativistically on a circular orbit. With the geometry of the bunch tilt in dispersive regions (as induced by the initial energy-chirp) included in the retardation relation, the longitudinal effective CSR force thus calculated displays a variety of behaviors depending on the level of bunch compression. The variety ranges from the suppression of the longitudinal CSR force, for an undercompressed thin bunch, to an enhancement of the CSR interaction above that for a projected bunch, in a duration of path length shortly after the bunch crosses over the full compression point. The amplitude and duration of the enhancement depends on the bunch and lattice parameters. During this enhancement, the longitudinal effective CSR force depends sensitively on the particle's transverse position in the bunch. The physical picture of this phenomenon will be discussed.

THPAS090	A Multipurpose Coherent Instability Simulation Code	radiation, damping, simulation, dipole	3690
	M. Blaskiewicz
	Funding: Work performed under the United States Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH1-886 A multipurpose coherent instability simulation code has been written, documented, and released for use. TRANFT (tran-eff-tee) uses fast Fourier transforms to model transverse wakefields, transverse detuning wakes and longitudinal wakefields in a computationally efficient way. Dual harmonic RF allows for the study of enhanced synchrotron frequency spread. When coupled with chromaticity, the theoretically challenging but highly practical post head-tail regime is open to study. Detuning wakes allow for transverse space charge forces in low energy hadron beams, and a switch allowing for radiation damping makes the code useful for electrons.

FRYKI01	Radidly-Cyling Superconducting Accelerator Magnets for FAIR at GSI	dipole, cryogenics, storage-ring, antiproton	3745
	G. Moritz
	The demand for high beam intensities leads to the requirement of rapidly cycling cycling magnets for synchrotrons. An example is FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) at GSI, which will consist of two synchrotrons (SIS 100 and SIS 300) in one tunnel and several storage rings. The high field ramp rate (up to 1 T/s) and the repetition frequency of up to 1 Hz require R&D for the superconducting magnets of these rings. Persistent currents in the superconductor and eddy currents in wire, cable, iron and vacuum chamber reduce the field quality and generate cryogenic losses. A magnet lifetime of 20 years is desired, resulting in up to 108 magnet cycles. Therefore, special attention has to be paid to magnet material fatigue problems. R&D work is being done, in collaboration with many institutions, to reach the requirements mentioned above. Model dipoles were built and tested. The results of the R&D are reported. Full length dipoles for SIS 100 are under construction.
	Slides

FRPMN002	Preliminary Studies for Top-up Operations at the Australian Synchrotron	injection, diagnostics, electron, storage-ring	3856
	M. J. Boland D. J. Peake ASP, Clayton, Victoria R. P. Rassool Melbourne
	The Australian Synchrotron is now a fully commissioned synchrotron light source providing beam for users. With the facility now fully operational, the next major advancement in machine operations will be top-up mode. The advantages of running top-up are well documented by other third generation light sources; in broad terms it leads to a better quality beam for users and better experimental results. An overview will be given of the top-up runs that have been conducted and the instrumentation that was used. It has been demonstrated that top-up operation is possible, however improvements in injection efficiency and beam stability during injection are required before this can become a routine mode of operation.

FRPMN003	Measurements of Impedance and Beam Instabilities at the Australian Synchrotron	impedance, single-bunch, diagnostics, storage-ring	3859
	R. T. Dowd M. J. Boland, G. LeBlanc, M. J. Spencer, Y. E. Tan ASP, Clayton, Victoria J. M. Byrd, F. Sannibale LBNL, Berkeley, California
	In this paper we present the first measurements of machine impedance and observed beam instabilities at the Australian Synchrotron. Impedance measurements are made by studying the single bunch behaviour with beam current, using optical and X-ray diagnostic beamlines. An observed coupled-bunch instability, its cause and cure is also discussed.

FRPMN004	Storage Ring Turn-By-Turn BPMs At The Australian Synchrotron	storage-ring, coupling, injection, simulation	3865
	Y. E. Tan M. J. Boland, R. T. Dowd, G. LeBlanc, M. J. Spencer ASP, Clayton, Victoria
	The Australian Synchrotron's Storage Ring is equipped with a full compliment of 98 Libera Electron Beam Position Processors from I-Tech (EBPPs) [1]. The EBPPs are capable of measuring beam position data at turn-by-turn (TBT) rates and have long history buffers. TBT data from the EBPPs has been used to determine the linear optics of the storage ring lattice using techniques developed at other facilities. This is a useful complement to other methods of determining the linear optics such as LOCO. Characteristics of the EBPPs such as beam current dependence have been studied during commissioning and will also be presented.

FRPMN005	Design of Button Beam Position Monitor for the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Source	impedance, vacuum, storage-ring, coupling	3871
	S. R. Marques O. R. Bagnato, R. H.A. Farias, M. J. Ferreira, J. B. Gonzalez, C. Rodrigues, P. F. Tavares LNLS, Campinas
	We present the electric and mechanical design of a button beam position monitor (BPM) recently developed and installed in the UVX electron storage ring at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS). The first commissioning results will also be presented. This development started when we observed strong correlation between false stripline BPM readings and the external temperature of this BPM. Simulations indicate that the temperature gradient in the BPM body can cause deformations that could explain the false readings in some BPMs. The small dimension of the button compared to the stripline and the better thermal isolation between the button and the BPM body should contribute to minimize this problem.

FRPMN013	Precise Tune Measurements from Multiple Beam Position Monitors	storage-ring, optics, lattice, simulation	3913
	Ch. Skokos J. Laskar IMCCE, Paris Y. Papaphilippou CERN, Geneva
	Funding: Work supported by the Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship No MEIF-CT-2006-025678 One of the main limitations for precise tune measurements using kicked turn-by-turn data is the beam decoherence, which can limit the available signal to a reduced number of turns. Applying Laskar's frequency analysis, on measurements from several beam position monitors, a fast and accurate determination of the real tune is possible. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated when applied in turn-by-turn data from the ESRF storage ring and CERN's Super Proton Synchrotron. Estimates from tracking simulations and analytical considerations are further compared with the experimental results.

FRPMN015	Simulation of Synchrotron Radiation at the First Bunch Compressor of FLASH	simulation, radiation, synchrotron-radiation, vacuum	3925
	A. Paech W. Ackermann, T. Weiland TEMF, Darmstadt O. Grimm DESY, Hamburg
	Funding: This project is supported by the Helmholtz Association under contract HGF-VH-FZ-006 One method to measure the bunch shape at the FLASH facility at DESY, Hamburg is based on the observation of synchrotron radiation generated at the first bunch compressor. For the correct interpretation of the results it is mandatory to know how various parameters of the real setup, in contrast to theoretical assumptions, influence the observed spectrum. The aim of this work therefore is to calculate the generation of synchrotron radiation of a moving point charge inside the bunch compressor with the emphasis of including the effects of the vertical and horizontal vacuum chamber walls in the vicinity of the last dipole magnet. Because of the small wavelength in comparison with the chamber geometries this is a demanding task. One idea to cope with the difficulties is to use optical methods such as the uniform theory of diffraction (UTD). In this paper the applicability and limitations of the proposed method are discussed. Furthermore a comparison of simulated and new measured fields is shown.

FRPMN018	Wake Computations for Undulator Vacuum Chambers of PETRA III	vacuum, undulator, impedance, insertion	3943
	R. Wanzenberg K. Balewski DESY, Hamburg E. Gjonaj, T. Weiland TEMF, Darmstadt
	At DESY it is planned to convert the PETRA ring into a synchrotron radiation facility, called PETRA III. The wake fields of a tapered transition from the standard vacuum chamber to the small gap chamber of the insertion devices contribute significantly to the impedance budget of PETRA III. The computer codes MAFIA and PBCI have been used to determine the loss and kick parameter of the tapered transition. PBCI is a recently developed parallelized, fully 3D wake field code, which is using a purely explicit, split-operator scheme to solve the Maxwell equation in the time domain.

FRPMN020	Beam Profile Measurements Based on Light Radiation of Atoms Excited by the Particle Beam	diagnostics, proton, cyclotron, quadrupole	3955
	J. Dietrich C. Boehme UniDo/IBS, Dortmund A. H. Botha, J. L. Conradie, P. F. Rohwer iThemba LABS, Somerset West T. Weis DELTA, Dortmund
	Funding: Supported by BMBF and NRF, project-code SUA06/003 Diagnostics of intense particle beams requires development of new nondestructive beam monitoring methods. There are several kinds of diagnostic devices based on registration of products of accelerated beam particles interaction with atoms and molecules of residual gas in an accelerator vacuum chamber. Usually these devices used as beam profile monitors, which register electrons or/and ions produced in collisions of beam particles with residual gas. Some attempts were performed in application of light radiation of excited atoms. However, up to now this direction in the beam diagnostics was not developed properly. Nondestructive method of beam diagnostic system based on light radiation of atoms excited by the beam particles has the advantages - insensitivity to external magnetic and electric fields and, as a consequence, to the beam space charge fields. It allows to get higher spatial and time resolution. Measurements under different conditions at COSY-Juelich and in a cyclotron beamline at I'Themba LABS are presented and the pro and contra of the method is discussed

FRPMN033	Adiabatic Damping During Acceleration in the Induction Synchrotron	acceleration, damping, induction, beam-losses	4009
	T. S. Dixit Y. Shimosaki, K. Takayama KEK, Ibaraki
	Damping in a bunch length during the acceleration in the induction synchrotron experiment , where a single proton bunch injected from the KEK 500 MeV Booster and trapped by the barrier voltages is accelerated to 6 GeV, has been observed. Such a damping may be regarded as the adiabatic damping, as found in a conventional RF synchrotron. A technique to analytically deal with this phenomenon is well established in the RF synchrotron. A WKB solution is employed for the small amplitude synchrotron oscillation. However, a simple WKB approach is not available for the present barrier bucket acceleration, because longitudinal motion always depends on the oscillation amplitude. This paper discusses a novel technique capable of quantitatively predicting the adiabatic phenomenon which has been newly developed. The analytical results were worked out and verified using simulations for ideal conditions. Theoretical approach tells us that a bunch length in the barrier bucket acceleration never continues to shrink but achieves a constant value corresponding to the time duration between the barrier voltage pulses. K. Takayama et al., "Experimental Result of the Induction Synchrotron", appear in Phys. Rev. Lett. (2007) and in this conference.

FRPMN035	Crabbing Angle Measurement by Streak Camera at KEKB	luminosity, optics, synchrotron-radiation, betatron	4018
	H. Ikeda J. W. Flanagan, H. Fukuma, S. Hiramatsu, T. Mitsuhashi KEK, Ibaraki
	Crab cavities will be installed in the KEKB rings in order to increase luminosity. We measure the crabbing angle using a streak camera and show the results in this paper.

FRPMN042	Continued Study on Photoelectron and Secondary Electron Yield of TiN Coating and NEG (Ti-Zr-V) Coatings at the KEKB Positron Ring	electron, photon, simulation, positron	4054
	Y. Suetsugu H. Hisamatsu, K.-I. Kanazawa, K. Shibata KEK, Ibaraki
	In order to investigate a way to mitigate the electron-cloud instability (ECI), the secondary electron and photoelectron yields (SEY and PEY) of a TiN coating and a NEG (Ti-Zr-V) coating have been studied at the KEK B-Factory (KEKB) positron ring. Following the previous study at an arc section, the test chambers were installed a straight section, where the line density was less than 1/10 of that at the arc section. The number of electrons around the beam orbit was measured up to a stored beam current of about 1.7 A (1389 bunches). The electron current of the NEG-coated and TiN-coated chambers were about 60% and 30% of that for a copper chamber, respectively. The difference between the copper and the NEG coating was clearer than the measurement at the arc section, where the intense SR obscured the effect of SEY. The evaluated max values for the TiN coating, the NEG coating and the copper were 0.9 - 1.0, 1.0 - 1.1 and 1.3 - 1.4, respectively, which were almost consistent with the previous results. The experiments using a beam duct with ante-chambers are also briefly touched upon. Y. Suetsugu et al., NIM-PR-A, Vol.556 (2006) 399.

FRPMN052	Bunch Length Measurement in Time Domain for HLS	storage-ring, optics, radiation, electron	4108
	B. Y. Wang P. Lu, B. Sun, J. Wang, J. H. Wang, H. Xu USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui
	Funding: Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (10675118) and by Knowledge Innovation Project of CAS A simple measurement method of beam bunch length in time domain for HLS (Hefei Light Source) has been proposed. The Bunch length measurement system is composed of an optical system, a high speed photo-receiver and a wide bandwidth oscilloscope. The photo-receiver which is made by FEMTO has high sensitivity and high bandwidth, which converts the synchrotron radiation light into electronic signal. The oscilloscope which is made by Tektronix is TDS7704B, which has a high bandwidth up to 7GHz and show the bunch length in time domain. The measurement results of the bunch length and its analysis are given. We compare the results with that determined by the conventional method using a streak camera.

FRPMN074	Simulation Study of the Horizontal Head-Tail Instability Observed at Injection of the CERN Proton Synchrotron	coupling, simulation, impedance, space-charge	4210
	E. Metral G. Rumolo, R. R. Steerenberg CERN, Geneva B. Salvant EPFL, Lausanne
	For many years, a horizontal head-tail instability has been observed at the CERN Proton Synchrotron during the long 1.2 s injection flat-bottom. This slow instability has been damped using linear coupling only, i.e. with neither octupoles nor feedbacks. Using the nominal machine and beam parameters for LHC, the sixth head-tail mode number is usually observed. Several other modes were also observed in the past by tuning the chromaticity, and these observations were found to be in good agreement with Sacherer's formula. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of assessing the effect of chromaticity and linear coupling on this slow head-tail instability using the HEADTAIL simulation code, and to compare these simulations with both measurements performed over the last few years, and theoretical calculations.

FRPMN081	A Preliminary Study of Beam Instabilities in Top-up Operation at Taiwan Light Source	feedback, storage-ring, ion, vacuum	4246
	P. J. Chou H.-P. Chang, K. T. Hsu, K. H. Hu, C.-C. Kuo, G.-H. Luo, M.-H. Wang NSRRC, Hsinchu
	The storage ring of Taiwan Light Source started to operate fully in top-up mode since October 2005. The beam current has been gradually increased to 300 mA in routine user operation. Phenomena of collective effects were observed at 300 mA in top-up operation mode. Active feedback systems were implemented to stabilize the beam in top-up mode. Results of beam observation and analysis will be presented.

FRPMN082	Diagnostic and Timing Supports for Top-Up Injection Operation for the TLS	injection, diagnostics, controls, storage-ring	4252
	J. Chen P. C. Chiu, K. T. Hsu, S. Y. Hsu, K. H. Hu, C. H. Kuo, D. Lee, C.-J. Wang, C. Y. Wu NSRRC, Hsinchu
	Routine top-up operation of Taiwan Light Source (TLS) was started from October 2005 after high efficiency multi-bunch instabilities suppression system put into service. To support the top-up operation, various diagnostics and timing supports are needed. These include diagnostics for injection efficiency, filling pattern of the storage ring, tune, instability, loss pattern measurement. Timing control of the injection process are also needed. Design consideration and details of these efforts will be summary in this report. Further possible improvement will be also discussed.

FRPMN083	RF Feed-Forward Control Experiments for the 50 MeV Linear Accelerator at TLS	controls, klystron, linac, booster	4258
	K. H. Hu K. T. Hsu, J.-Y. Hwang, D. Lee, K.-K. Lin, C. Y. Wu NSRRC, Hsinchu
	Performance of an electron linear accelerator is very important for synchrotron light source application. Its performance will decide the reproducibility of filling pattern in the booster synchrotron. The filling pattern of the booster synchrotron will affect filling pattern control of the storage ring. The RF feed-forward control can improve performance of linear accelerator deistically. Design consideration and details of the implementation will be summary in this report.

FRPMN085	Application of the IEEE-1394 and the GigE Vision Digital Cameras for Diagnostics in Taiwan Light Source	controls, diagnostics, emittance, radiation	4270
	C. H. Kuo J. Chen, K. T. Hsu, S. Y. Hsu, K. H. Hu, D. Lee, C.-J. Wang, C. Y. Wu NSRRC, Hsinchu
	Digital camera has been adopted for the booster, storage ring and transport-line diagnostic recently at the Taiwan Light Source. The system provides low image distortion and lossless image transmission over long distances. The system is integrated with commercial software in the control system. The fully remote control supports various operations and application that is useful. These applications include of screen monitor equip in the booster and storage ring, wider dynamic range sensor and highly flexibility control for the emittance measurement in the transport line, booster and linac. System configuration and present status will be summarized in this report.

FRPMN089	Facility Wide Real-Time Beam Loss Monitoring & Control using FPGA Technology	beam-losses, controls, diagnostics, target	4282
	M. R.W. North
	The ISIS facility based at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, UK is currently the worlds brightest pulsed Neutron Spallation Source producing a beam to target power of 160kW. It is critical during machine operation to reduce activation of machine components by monitoring and controlling beam losses. Beam loss detection is provided using a total of 82 gas ionisation chambers distributed throughout the Injector, 800MeV Synchrotron, the Extracted Proton Beamline and the new Extracted Proton Beamline for TS2. This paper outlines the design of a new Beam Loss Display and Beam Trip Unit which uses a high speed FPGA design to provide real time monitoring, beam loss data logging and increased beam trip reaction time.

FRPMS002	Parametric Modeling of Electron Beam Loss in Synchrotron Light Sources	electron, beam-losses, scattering, simulation	3853
	B. Sayyar-Rodsari W. J. Corbett, M. J. Lee, P. Lui, J. M. Paterson SLAC, Menlo Park, California E. Hartman, C. A. Schweiger Pavilion Technologies, Inc, Austin, Texas
	Funding: DOE Phase II STTR: DE-FG02-04ER86225 Synchrotron light is used for a wide variety of scientific disciplines ranging from physical chemistry to molecular biology and industrial applications. As the electron beam circulates, random single-particle collisional processes lead to decay of the beam current in time. We report a simulation study in which a combined neural network (NN) and first-principles (FP) model is used to capture the decay in beam current due to Touschek, Bremsstralung, and Coulomb effects. The FP block in the combined model is a parametric description of the beam current decay where model parameters vary as a function of beam operating conditions (e.g. vertical scraper position, RF voltage, number of the bunches, and total beam current). The NN block provides the parameters of the FP model and is trained (through constrained nonlinear optimization) to capture the variation in model parameters as operating condition of the beam changes. Simulation results will be presented to demonstrate that the proposed combined framework accurately models beam decay as well as variation to model parameters without direct access to parameter values in the model.

FRPMS005	The Tevatron AC Dipole System	dipole, impedance, emittance, betatron	3868
	R. Miyamoto A. Jansson, M. J. Syphers Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois S. E. Kopp The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
	The AC dipole is an oscillating dipole magnet which can induce large amplitude oscillations without causing emittance growth. This makes it a good tool to measure optics of a hadron synchrotron. The vertical AC dipole for the Tevatron is powered by an inexpensive high-power audio amplifier since its operating frequency is approximately 20 kHz. The low impedance magnet is incorporated into a parallel resonant system to form an 8 Ω equivalent circuit to maximize the power output of the amplifier. The magnet used is a vertical pinger previously installed in the Tevatron making the cost relatively inexpensive. Recently, the initial system was upgraded with a more powerful amplifier and oscillation amplitudes up to 2-σ beam size were achieved at 980 GeV. The paper discusses details of the resonant circuit. It also shows test results of the system both on the bench and with the beam.

FRPMS009	Calculating the Nonlinear Tune Shifts with Amplitude using Measured BPM Data	lattice, optics, damping, resonance	3889
	P. Snopok M. Berz MSU, East Lansing, Michigan C. Johnstone Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
	An algorithm is proposed to calculate the approximate tune shifts with amplitude using only the linear transfer map of a circular accelerator and with little or no information on higher order nonlinearities. To extract information about the nonlinear dynamics, the decay rate of the average amplitude of the particle distribution after an instantaneous transversal horizontal or vertical kick is used. This method works when strong low-order resonances are not present, that is where the linear lattice rather than the nonlinear driving terms dominates the machine dynamics. Nonlinear normal form transformation and differential algebra methods are employed to establish the connection between measurement results and the nonlinear tune shifts with amplitude. Proposed algorithm is applicable to a wide range of circular accelerators.

FRPMS013	Chromaticity Tracking Using a Phase Modulation Technique	betatron, pick-up, controls, emittance	3910
	C.-Y. Tan
	Funding: Operated by Universities Research Association Inc. under Contract No. DE-AC02-76CH03000 with the United States Department of Energy. In the classical chromaticity measurement technique, chromaticity is measured by measuring the change in betatron tune as the the RF frequency is varied. This paper will describe a way of measuring chromaticity: we will phase modulate the RF with a known sine wave and then phase demodulate the betatron frequency . The result is a line in Fourier space which corresponds to the frequency of our sine wave modulation. The peak of this sine wave is proportional to chromaticity. For this technique to work, a tune tracker PLL system is required because it supplies the betatron carrier frequency. This method has been tested in both the SPS and Tevatron and we will show the results here.

FRPMS014	Chromaticity Measurement Using a Continuous Head-Tail Kicking Technique	emittance, betatron, impedance, simulation	3916
	C.-Y. Tan V. H. Ranjbar Tech-X, Boulder, Colorado
	Funding: Operated by Universities Research Association Inc. under Contract No. DE-AC02-76CH03000 with the United States Department of Energy. In the classical head-tail chromaticity measurement technique, a single large kick is applied transversely to the beam. The resulting phase difference between the head and the tail is measured and the chromaticity extracted. In the continuous head-tail kicking technique, a very small transverse kick is applied to the beam and the asymptotic phase difference between the head and the tail is found to be a function of chromaticity. The advantage of this method is that since the tune tracker PLL already supplies the small transverse kicks, no extra modulation is required.

FRPMS028	Simulations of Electron Cloud Effects on the Beam Dynamics for the FNAL Main Injector Upgrade	electron, emittance, injection, simulation	3985
	K. G. Sonnad C. M. Celata, M. A. Furman, D. P. Grote, J.-L. Vay, M. Venturini LBNL, Berkeley, California
	Funding: Work supported by the U. S. DOE under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The Fermilab main injector (MI) is being considered for an upgrade as part of the high intensity neutrino source (HINS) effort. This upgrade will involve a significant increasing of the bunch intensity relative to its present value. Such an increase will place the MI in a regime in which electron-cloud effects are expected to become important. We have used the electrostatic particle-in-cell code WARP, recently augmented with new modeling capabilities and simulation techniques, to study the dynamics of beam-electron cloud interaction. This study involves a systematic assesment of beam instabilities due to the presence of electron clouds.

FRPMS040	BPM signal conditioning for a wide range of single bunch current operation in Duke storage ring	single-bunch, storage-ring, pick-up, booster	4042
	J. Li P. Wang, Y. K. Wu FEL/Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
	Funding: Supported by US DoE grant #DE-FG02-01ER41175. The beam position monitor system of the Duke storage ring has been in operation since 1998. Recently, by injecting at higher energy with a booster synchrotron, the single bunch current threshold is much more increased. This makes the BPM system do not work properly and rises the risk to damaged the BPM signal processing modules. To get reliable orbit data and protect the BPM modules, we carefully studied the BPM signal, and then found a way to overcome this problem. This paper will report the study results and the solution method.

FRPMS042	Electron Beam Diagnostics for Compact 1.2 GeV Booster Synchrotron	booster, diagnostics, linac, storage-ring	4051
	V. Popov M. D. Busch, S. M. Hartman, J. Li, S. F. Mikhailov, P. W. Wallace, P. Wang, Y. K. Wu FEL/Duke University, Durham, North Carolina G. Y. Kurkin BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk
	Funding: Supported by US DoE grant #DE-FG02-01ER41175. First operational experience has been gained with the linac and booster diagnostic system during the commissioning of the booster synchrotron at Duke University. Beam charge measurements are provided by Faraday cups, Integrated Current Transformers (ICT) and Modular Parametric Current Transformer (MPCT). Beam position monitoring is based on BPM system delivered from Bergoz company. Betatron tune measurements use synchrotron radiation (SR) and are different for two modes of operation: stored beam and energy ramping. Transverse profile and temporal beam structure monitoring employ insertable screens, CCD cameras, striplines and dissector. The diagnostics provided good understanding of electron beam behavior and allowed to adjust important beam parameters within design specifications. An overview of the diagnostic instrumentation of the Duke linac and booster synchrotron is given along with measurement examples and discussion of operational experience.

FRPMS044	A Tune Measurement System for Low Current and Energy Ramping Operation of a Booster Synchrotron	booster, electron, betatron, storage-ring	4063
	Y. K. Wu J. Li, S. F. Mikhailov, V. Popov, P. Wang FEL/Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
	Funding: This work is supported by the US AFOSR MFEL grant #FA9550-04-01-0086 and by U. S. DOE grant DE-FG05-91ER40665. The betatron tune measurement system is one of the most important diagnostics for any circular accelerator. During the commissioning of a booster synchrotron newly developed for top-off injection into the Duke storage ring, a versatile tune measurement system employing a photomultiplier tube (PMT) and a space filter has been developed to provide reliable measurements for low current operation at a few micro-amperes of beam-current. Using the turn-by-turn technique, this tune measurement system is being used as a live tune monitor during the booster energy ramping. This system has also be used to measure chromaticity and other important beam parameters. In this paper, we describe the tune measurement system in detail and report our most recent experimental results using this system.

FRPMS047	Design and Implementation of an Electron and Positron Multibunch Turn-by-Turn Vertical Beam Profile Monitor in CESR	electron, background, positron, radiation	4081
	M. A. Palmer B. Cerio, R. Holtzapple, J. S. Kern Alfred University, Alfred, New York J. Dobbins, D. L. Hartill, C. R. Strohman CLASSE, Ithaca E. Tanke CESR-LEPP, Ithaca, New York M. E. Watkins CMU, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
	Funding: This work is supported by the National Science Foundation. A fast vertical beam profile monitor has been implemented at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR). Readout is based on the Hamamatsu H7260K multianode photomultiplier. This device has a 32 channel linear anode array with 1 mm channel pitch and sub-nanosecond rise time. It provides the ability to probe individual electron and position bunches which are separated by 14 ns within the trains in CESR. A custom 72 MHz digitizer unit allows synchronous multibunch and turn-by-turn data acquisition. An on-board digital signal processor provides local data processing capability. This system provides the capability to probe a range of single bunch and multibunch beam dynamics issues as well as machine stability issues. In this paper we describe the profile monitor hardware, data acquisition system, calibration of the profile monitor, and data analysis software.

FRPMS059	Generation and Analysis of Subpicosecond Double Electron Bunch at the Brookhaven Accelerator Test Facility	electron, simulation, linac, radiation	4132
	X. P. Ding M. Babzien, K. Kusche, V. Yakimenko BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York D. B. Cline UCLA, Los Angeles, California W. D. Kimura STI, Washington F. Zhou SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	Funding: U. S.DOE of Science Two compressed electron beam bunches from a single 60-MeV bunch have been generated in a reproducible manner during compression in the magnetic chicane - "dog leg" arrangement at ATF. Measurements indicate they have comparable bunch lengths (~100-200 fs) and are separated in energy by ~1.8 MeV with the higher-energy bunch preceding the lower-energy bunch by 0.5-1 ps. Some simulation results for analyzing the double-bunch formation process are also presented.

FRPMS071	Relative Bunch Length Monitor for the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) using Coherent Edge Radiation	radiation, electron, dipole, synchrotron-radiation	4189
	H. Loos T. Borden, P. Emma, J. C. Frisch, J. Wu SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	Funding: This work was supported by U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC03-76SF00515 The ultra-short bunches of the electron beam for LCLS are generated in two 4-dipole bunch compressors located at energies of 250 MeV and 4.3 GeV. Although an absolute measurement of the bunch length can be done by using a transverse deflecting cavity in an interceptive mode, a non-interceptive single shot method is needed as a relative measurement of the bunch length used in the continuous feedback for beam energy and peak current. We report on the design and implementation of two monitors measuring the integrated power of coherent edge radiation from the last dipole in each chicane. The first monitor is installed in early 2007 and we compare its performance with the transverse cavity measurement and other techniques.

FRPMS073	Picosecond Bunch Length and Energy-z Correlation Measurements at SLAC's A-Line and End Station A	linac, feedback, simulation, electron	4201
	S. Molloy V. Blackmore OXFORDphysics, Oxford, Oxon P. Emma, J. C. Frisch, R. H. Iverson, D. J. McCormick, M. Woods SLAC, Menlo Park, California M. C. Ross Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois S. Walston LLNL, Livermore, California
	Funding: US DOE Contract #DE-AC02-76FS00515 We report on measurements of picosecond bunch lengths and the energy-z correlation of the bunch with a high energy electron test beam to the A-line and End Station A (ESA) facilities at SLAC. The bunch length and the energy-z correlation of the bunch are measured at the end of the linac using a synchrotron light monitor diagnostic at a high dispersion point in the A-line and a transverse RF deflecting cavity at the end of the linac. Measurements of the bunch length in ESA were made using high frequency diodes (up to 100 GHz) and pyroelectric detectors at a ceramic gap in the beamline. Modelling of the beam's longitudinal phase space through the linac and A-line to ESA is done using the 2-dimensional tracking program LiTrack, and LiTrack simulation results are compared with data. High frequency diode and pyroelectric detectors are planned to be used as part of a bunch length feedback system for the LCLS FEL at SLAC. The LCLS also plans precise bunch length and energy-z correlation measurements using transverse RF deflecting cavities.

FRPMS077	High Current Effects in the PEP-II SLAC B-factory	luminosity, impedance, optics, vacuum	4225
	A. Novokhatski S. A. Heifets, D. Teytelman SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	Funding: Work supported by US DOE contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. Wake fields defining beam stability affect also the beam optics and beam properties in high current machines. We present observations and analysis of the optical effects in the PEP-II SLAC B-factory, which has the record in achievement of high electron and positron currents. We study the synchronous phase and the bunch length variation along the train of bunches, overall bunch lengthening and effects of the wakes on the tune and on the Twiss parameters. This analysis is being used in upgrades of PEP II and may be applied to future B-factories and damping rings for Linear Colliders.

FRPMS078	Numerical Study of RF-Focusing Using Fokker-Plank Equation	simulation, focusing, electron, damping	4228
	A. Novokhatski
	Funding: Work supported by US DOE contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 Based on numerical solution of the Fokker-Plank Equation we study the effect of longitudinal damping on the modulation of the bunch length in a storage ring with high RF voltage and momentum compaction

FRPMS082	Precise Calculation of Traveling-Wave Periodic Structure	emittance, acceleration, dipole, higher-order-mode	4249
	L. Wang Z. Li, A. Seryi SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	Funding: Work supported by the U. S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 The effects of the round edge beam hole on the frequency and wake field are studied using variational method, which allows for rounded iris disk hole without any approximation in shape treatment. The frequency and wake field of accelerating mode and dipole mode are studied for different edge radius cases, including the flat edge shape that is often used to approximately represent the actual structure geometry. The edge hole shape has weak effect on the frequency, but much effect on the wake field. Our study shows that the amounts of wake fields are not precise enough with the assumption of the flat edge beam hole instead of round edge.

FRPMS083	Coherent Synchrotron Radiation and Space Charge for a 1-D Bunch on an Arbitrary Planar Orbit	space-charge, radiation, synchrotron-radiation, vacuum	4255
	R. L. Warnock
	Funding: Supported in part by Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. Realistic modeling of coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) and the space charge force in single-pass systems and rings usually requires at least a two-dimensional (2-D) description of the charge/current density of the bunch. Since that leads to costly computations, one often resorts to a 1-D model of the bunch for first explorations. This paper provides several improvements to previous 1-D theories, eliminating unnecessary approximations and physical restrictions.

FRPMS088	Intrabeam Scattering and Touschek Lifetime for the Optical Stochastic Cooling experiment at the MIT-Bates South Hall Ring	emittance, undulator, damping, insertion	4279
	F. Wang W. A. Franklin, C. Tschalaer, D. Wang, J. van der Laan MIT, Middleton, Massachusetts
	A proof-of-principal experiment of Optical Stochastic Cooling (OSC) at the MIT-Bates South Hall electron storage ring (SHR) has been proposed. To produce convincing cooling results, the ring will be run near 300 MeV. Beam emittances growth caused by Intrabeam scattering (IBS) is a major concern for the design of experiment. Touschek scattering imposes a dominant limit on beam lifetime. Evaluation of these effects is part of the design optimization process. Simulation analyses of cooling for a viable OSC experiment are presented.