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cyclotron

Paper Title Other Keywords Page
MOZAC02 A Survey of Hadron Therapy Accelerator Technologies proton, synchrotron, ion, extraction 115
 
  • S. Peggs
  • J. Flanz
    MGH-FHBPTC, Boston, Massachusetts
  • T. Satogata
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  We survey the numerous technological approaches used for hadron beam delivery for radiotherapy, including fixed cyclotrons (both normal and superconducting), superconducting cyclotrons mounted on gantries, and slow and fast cycling synchrotrons. Protons, carbon ions and antiprotons have different kinds of sources. Clinically relevant light ions and protons have quite different beam rigidities, therefore leading to quite different gantry solutions.  
slides icon Slides  
 
MOZBC02 Status of the Hadrontherapy Projects in Europe proton, ion, photon, synchrotron 127
 
  • J.-M. Lagniel
  Several new facilities for cancer therapy based on light ion accelerators are being designed and constructed in European countries (France, Germany, Italy). This talk will cover the current status of these facilities.  
slides icon Slides  
 
MOPAN057 LabVIEW and MATLAB-Based Virtual Control System for Virtual Prototyping of Cyclotron controls, ion, simulation, ion-source 281
 
  • Y. Q. Xiong
  • M. Fan, B. Qin, M. J. Wu, J. Yang
    HUST, Wuhan
  Funding: This work is supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China under Grant 10435030

A virtual control system designed to control and monitor the process of a cyclotron virtual prototyping is presented in this paper. Based on the feature of cyclotron, a distributed control structure is proposed according to the knowledge of software engineering. LabVIEW is employed to develop human machine interface(HMI), sequential control, safety interlock, and MATLAB is used to implement analysis and simulation. Dynamic data exchange (DDE) supported by Win32 Platform SDK is adopted to process data exchanging by a Server/Client mode. Any additional functions can be extended easily in this system in future.

 
 
MOPAS041 Design of Superferric Magnet for the Cyclotron Gas Stopper Project at the NSCL ion, induction, simulation, superconducting-magnet 524
 
  • S. Chouhan
  • E. Barzi
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  • G. Bollen, C. Guenaut, D. Lawton, F. Marti, D. J. Morrissey, J. Ottarson, G. K. Pang, S. Schwarz, B. Sherrill, A. Zeller
    NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan
  Funding: Michigan State University, Cyclotron-1, East Lansing, MI-48824

We present the design of a superferric cyclotron gas stopper magnet that has been proposed for use at the NSCL/MSU to stop the radioactive ions produced by fragmentation at high energies (~140 MeV/u). The magnet is a gradient dipole with three sectors ( B~2.7 T at the center and 2 T at the pole-edge. The magnet outer diameter is 3.8 m, with a pole radius of 1.1 m and B*rho=1.7 T-m). The field shape is obtained by extensive profiles in the iron. The coil cross-section is 64 cm*cm and peak field on the conductor is about 1.6 T. The upper and lower coils are in separate cryostat and have warm electrical connections. We present the coil winding and protection schemes. The forces are large and the implication on the support structure is presented.

 
 
TUYKI02 Status of the RIKEN RIB Factory factory, acceleration, ion, heavy-ion 700
 
  • Y. Yano
  A series of ring cyclotrons have been constructed/under construction to accelerate radioactive ion beams to very high energy, e.g. 350MeV/u for uranium. Status of the project will be reported. Commissioning and/or operational experience with the large superconducting ring cyclotrons will be presented. Experience with the projectile fragment separator (BigRIPS) and two new large spectrometers will also be covered.  
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TUXAB03 Self-consistent 3D Modeling of Electron Cloud Dynamics and Beam Response electron, simulation, lattice, proton 764
 
  • M. A. Furman
  • C. M. Celata, M. Kireeff Covo, K. G. Sonnad, J.-L. Vay, M. Venturini
    LBNL, Berkeley, California
  • R. H. Cohen, A. Friedman, D. P. Grote, A. W. Molvik
    LLNL, Livermore, California
  • P. Stoltz
    Tech-X, Boulder, Colorado
  Funding: Work supported by the U. S. DOE under Contracts DE-AC02-05CH11231 and W-7405-Eng-48, and by the US-LHC Accelerator Research Project (LARP).

We present recent advances in the modeling of beam-electron-cloud dynamics, including surface effects such as secondary electron emission, gas desorption, etc, and volumetric effects such as ionization of residual gas and charge-exchange reactions. Simulations for the HCX facility with the code WARP/POSINST will be described and their validity demonstrated by benchmarks against measurements. The code models a wide range of physical processes and uses a number of novel techniques, including a large-timestep electron mover that smoothly interpolates between direct orbit calculation and guiding-center drift equations, and a new computational technique, based on a Lorentz transformation to a moving frame, that allows the cost of a fully 3D simulation to be reduced to that of a quasi-static approximation.

 
slides icon Slides  
 
TUPAN008 Spiral FFAG for Protontherapy extraction, injection, lattice, magnet-design 1404
 
  • J. Pasternak
  • B. Autin
    CERN, Geneva
  • J. Fourrier, E. Froidefond
    LPSC, Grenoble
  • F. Meot
    CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette
  • D. Neuveglise, T. Planche
    Sigmaphi, Vannes
  High rep rate of the FFAG accelerator and compactness of the spiral type of the design makes it a good candidate as medical machine for protontherapy and for biological research. The variable energy extraction with various methods is discussed. The principle of the lattice design together with the injection scheme and the beam dynamics simulations are presented. The spiral magnet design undertaken in the frame of the RACCAM project is briefly described.  
 
TUPAN080 Screening of Cyclotron Magnetic Field in C400 Axial Injection Beam-line injection, shielding, insertion, simulation 1559
 
  • N. Yu. Kazarinov
  • V. Aleksandrov, V. Shevtsov, A. Tuzikov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region
  • Y. Jongen
    IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve
  The screening of the optical elements placed at the horizontal part of the axial injection beam-line of the C400 cyclotron for hadron therapy is performed. An influence of the injection channel shielding elements on magnetic field distribution in the median plane of the C400 cyclotron was studied. The 3D ANSYS model is used for this purpose.  
 
TUPAN081 Axial Injection Beam-Line of C400 Cyclotron for Hadron Therapy ion, quadrupole, injection, emittance 1562
 
  • N. Yu. Kazarinov
  • V. Aleksandrov, V. Shevtsov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region
  • Y. Jongen
    IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve
  The axial injection beam-line of the C400 cyclotron for hadron therapy is presented. The influence of the strong magnetic field from the cyclotron on particles dynamics is taking into account during simulation. The effect of the beam space charge neutralization due to residual gas in the beam-line on parameters of the injected beam is evaluated.  
 
TUPAN110 On Feasibility Study of 8 MeV H- Cyclotron to Charge the Electron Cooling System for HESR extraction, ion, electron, ion-source 1631
 
  • N. Yu. Kazarinov
  • A. I. Papash
    NASU/INR, Kiev
  • V. V. Parkhomchuk
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk
  A compact cyclotron to accelerate negative Hydrogen ions up to 8 MeV is considered the optimal solution to the problem of charging the high voltage terminal of the Electron Cooling System for High Energy Storage Ring at GSI (HESR Project, Darmstadt). Physical as well as technical parameters of the accelerator are estimated. Different types of commercially available cyclotrons are compared as a possible source of a 1 mA H- beam for HESR. An original design based on the application of well-established technical solutions for commercial accelerators is proposed.  
 
TUPAS044 Design of a High Temperature Oven for an ECR Source for the Production of Uranium Ion Beams ion, ion-source, injection, plasma 1742
 
  • T. J. Loew
  • S. R. Abbott, M. L. Galloway, D. Leitner, C. M. Lyneis
    LBNL, Berkeley, California
  VENUS is the superconducting electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source at the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab's 88-Inch Cyclotron. To generate neutral atoms for ionization, the source utilizes a resistively-heated high temperature oven that is located in a magnetic field of up to 4 Tesla and operates at temperatures up to about 2000°C. However, temperatures between 2100-2300°C are required to produce the desired 280eμA of high charge state uranium ion beams, and increased thermal and structural effects, combined with elevated chemical reactivity significantly reduce the oven's ability to operate in this envelope. The oven has been redesigned with higher thermal efficiency, improved structural strength and chemically compatible species in order to produce the desired high intensity, high charge state uranium beams. Aspects of the engineering development are presented.  
 
THPMN020 Design Studies of the 300 AMeV Superconducting Cyclotron for Hadrontherapy ion, extraction, proton, light-ion 2748
 
  • M. M. Maggiore
  • L. Calabretta, D. Campo, L. A.C. Piazza, D. Rifuggiato
    INFN/LNS, Catania
  A design study of a compact superconducting cyclotron for hadrontherapy is carrying out at Laboratori Nazionali del Sud of Catania. This machine is able to accelerate light ions with a charge to mass ratio of 0,5 up to the maximum energy of 300 AMeV. Light ions like Carbon will be extracted by an electrostatic deflector at the energy of 3,6 GeV. The range of this beam is of 174 mm in water and is enough to threat all the tumors of the head and neck district. Despite the machine is able to accelerate also the ionised hydrogen molecule up to 300 AMeV, an extraction by stripping allow us to deliver a proton beam with energy of 250 MeV. The range in water of proton beam with this energy being 370 mm. The main parameters of the cyclotron and the main features of the beam dynamics will be presented.  
 
THPAN008 TRIUMF Extraction and 500 MeV Beamline Optics scattering, optics, emittance, extraction 3238
 
  • Y.-N. Rao
  • A. Baartman
    TRIUMF, Vancouver
  The beamline 2A, one of TRIUMF cyclotron primary extraction beamlines, is 60m in length. It is now routinely operating up to 70uA (proton beam) at 500MeV for ISAC. ISAC requires a diffuse spot of specific size on the radioactive beam production target at the end of 2A. To help achieve this, we developed a program aimed at obtaining a better understanding and more accurate description of 2A optics and the extracted beam from the cyclotron. The beam envelopes along 2A were measured with profile monitors and compared with theoretical predictions. During the course of this work, we discovered that the transfer matrix, involved in the optics calclations, between the stripping foil and the beamline entrance was incorrect. After correcting this error, we obtained good agreement between the measured and calculated envelopes. We report on the details of this work as well as on a measurement of the beam characteristics as a function of stripper foil thickness.  
 
THPAN056 Design Study of Compact Cyclotron Magnets in Virtual Prototyping Environment magnet-design, resonance, focusing, controls 3354
 
  • B. Qin
  • M. Fan, Y. Q. Xiong, Y. Xu, J. Yang
    HUST, Wuhan
  Funding: This work is supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China under Grant 10435030.

An intelligent magnet design, modelling and optimization method with the aid of beam dynamics analysis and three dimensional magnetic field calculation is introduced. The whole procedure is implemented in an integrated virtual prototyping environment built with python language. As a case study, the main magnet design of a 16MeV H- compact cyclotron is illustrated. Both the field isochronism and transversal focusing of the beam can be fulfilled, and the mechanical analysis is performed to validate the feasibility in mechanics.

 
 
THPAS039 Status Report on the NSCL RF Fragment Separator kicker, collimation, ion, secondary-beams 3585
 
  • M. Doleans
  • V. Andreev, B. Arend, D. Bazin, A. Becerril Reyes, R. Fontus, P. Glennon, D. Gorelov, P. F. Mantica, J. Ottarson, H. Schatz, B. Sherrill, J. Stoker, O. Tarasov, J. Vincent, J. Wagner, X. Wu, A. Zeller
    NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan
  The RF Fragment Separator (RFFS) proposed in* is now under construction and should be operational by May 2007. The RFFS is an additional purification system for secondary beams at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory after the existing A1900 fragment separator and will primarily be used to purify beams of rare neutron deficient isotopes. The RFFS uses a transverse electric field of an rf kicker to separate unwanted particles from the desired ion beam, a pi/2 phase advance cell to rotate the beam in phase space before the beam reaches a collimating aperture for purification and a final pi phase advance cell to transport the desired beam to the experiment. The final design for the rf kicker and the focusing system is presented and a status report on the building and commissioning effort is given.

* D. Gorelov, V. Andreev, D. Bazin, M. Doleans, T. Grimm, F. Marti, J. Vincent and X. Wu, "RF-Kicker System for Secondary Beams at NSCL/MSU" PAC2005, Knoxville, Tennessee, 16th-20th, May 2005

 
 
THPAS040 The Cyclotron Gas Stopper Project at the NSCL ion, extraction, simulation, space-charge 3588
 
  • G. K. Pang
  • G. Bollen, S. Chouhan, C. Guenaut, D. Lawton, F. Marti, D. J. Morrissey, J. Ottarson, S. Schwarz, A. Zeller
    NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan
  • M. Wada
    RIKEN, Saitama
  Funding: Work supported by DOE Grant # DE-FG02-06ER41413

Gas stopping is the method of choice to convert high-energy beams of rare isotopes produced by projectile fragmentation into low-energy beams. Fast ions are slowed down in solid degraders and stopped in a buffer gas in a stopping cell, presently linear. They have been successfully used for first precision experiments with rare isotopes*,** but they have beam-rate limitations due to space charge effects. Their extraction time is about 100 ms inducing decay losses for short-lived isotopes. At the NSCL a new gas stopper concept*** is under development, which avoids these limitations and fulfills the needs of next-generation rare isotope beam facilities. It uses a gas-filled cyclotron magnet. The large volume, and a separation of the regions where the ions stop and where the maximum ionization is observed are the key to a higher beam-rate capability. The longer stopping path due to the magnetic field allows a lower pressure to be used, which decreases the extraction times. The concepts of the cyclotron gas stopper will be discussed and the results from detailed simulation and design work towards the realization of such a device at the NSCL will be summarized.

* G. Bollen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 (2006) 152501 ** R. Ringle Phys. Rev. C Submitted*** G. Bollen et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. A550 (2005) 27

 
 
FRPMN020 Beam Profile Measurements Based on Light Radiation of Atoms Excited by the Particle Beam synchrotron, diagnostics, proton, quadrupole 3955
 
  • J. Dietrich
  • C. Boehme
    UniDo/IBS, Dortmund
  • A. H. Botha, J. L. Conradie, P. F. Rohwer
    iThemba LABS, Somerset West
  • T. Weis
    DELTA, Dortmund
  Funding: Supported by BMBF and NRF, project-code SUA06/003

Diagnostics of intense particle beams requires development of new nondestructive beam monitoring methods. There are several kinds of diagnostic devices based on registration of products of accelerated beam particles interaction with atoms and molecules of residual gas in an accelerator vacuum chamber. Usually these devices used as beam profile monitors, which register electrons or/and ions produced in collisions of beam particles with residual gas. Some attempts were performed in application of light radiation of excited atoms. However, up to now this direction in the beam diagnostics was not developed properly. Nondestructive method of beam diagnostic system based on light radiation of atoms excited by the beam particles has the advantages - insensitivity to external magnetic and electric fields and, as a consequence, to the beam space charge fields. It allows to get higher spatial and time resolution. Measurements under different conditions at COSY-Juelich and in a cyclotron beamline at I'Themba LABS are presented and the pro and contra of the method is discussed

 
 
FRPMN055 Proton Beam Energy Measurement Using Semiconductor Detectors at the 45MeV Test Beam Line of PEFP proton, vacuum, radiation, energy-calibration 4126
 
  • K. R. Kim
  • Y.-S. Cho, I.-S. Hong, H. S. Kim, B.-S. Park, S. P. Yun
    KAERI, Daejon
  • H. J. Kim, J. H. So
    Kyungpook National University, Daegu
  Funding: This research was supported by MOST (Ministry of Science and Technology) of Korea as a sub-project of PEFP (Proton Engineering Frontier Project).

The test beam line was installed at the MC-50 cyclotron of KIRAMS (Korea Institute of Radiological And Medical Sciences). It has been supporting many pilot and feasibility studies on the development of beam utilization technologies of PEFP (Proton Engineering Frontier Project). The energy measurement with high accuracy is very important for the some experiments such as radiation hardness test of semiconductor devices, nuclear physics, detector test, etc. SSB and Si(Li) detector was used as del-E and E detector and the thickness of detectors are 2mm and 5mm each. The available energy range is 10MeV~39MeV and the flux was controlled not to be exceed 1·10+05/cm2-sec using a 0.5mm diameter collimator.