WEPAF —  MC6 Poster Session   (02-May-18   09:00—12:00)

Paper	Title	Page
WEPAF001	A Diagnostic Test Bench for the LIGHT Accelerator	1808
	A. Jeff, A. Benot-Morell, M. Caldara, P. Nadig A.D.A.M. SA, Meyrin, Switzerland
	The LIGHT ac­cel­er­a­tor is the first com­pact Linac that will de­liver pro­ton beams up to 230 MeV for can­cer treat­ment. The ac­cel­er­a­tor is only 24m long and is being built to be mod­u­lar and ca­pa­ble of chang­ing pro­ton beam en­ergy and in­ten­sity pulse-to-pulse at up to 200Hz. The LIGHT pro­to­type is cur­rently being com­mis­sioned by AVO / ADAM at CERN, while the first full in­stal­la­tion is fore­seen in 2019. Here we pre­sent the de­sign and im­ple­men­ta­tion of a move­able di­ag­nos­tic test bench which is used to mea­sure a full set of beam prop­er­ties at each com­mis­sion­ing step. Pa­ra­me­ters mea­sured in­clude beam cur­rent, pulse length, en­ergy, po­si­tion, trans­verse pro­file and emit­tance. The com­pact in­stru­ments, the elec­tron­ics and the con­trols that equip the test bench are the same as those who will be per­ma­nently in­stalled along the ac­cel­er­a­tor after the com­mis­sion­ing. The first re­sults ob­tained with the test bench for beams up to 16 MeV are shown here. We demon­strate that the cho­sen in­stru­men­ta­tion achieves a very high sen­si­tiv­ity, dy­namic range, re­li­a­bil­ity and im­mu­nity to EM noise. Pro­ce­dures for on-line cal­i­bra­tion of the in­stru­ments are also dis­cussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF001
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WEPAF003	Beamline Architect	1812
	J.D. Kunz, C.M. Conrad, L.M. Romero Anderson University, Anderson, USA
	Funding: Indiana Space Grant Fellowship Program 2015-2018, subaward number 4103-82252 Beam­line Ar­chi­tect is a new par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tor sim­u­la­tion tool. Cur­rently, two of the most widely used tools in this field are G4beam­line and COSY In­fin­ity. While these codes are fast and quite ac­cu­rate, some­times their in­ter­faces can be time-con­sum­ing for stu­dents to learn, par­tic­u­larly un­der­grad­u­ate stu­dents or stu­dents whose pri­mary field is not ac­cel­er­a­tor physics. With­out Beam­line Ar­chi­tect, each code has its own high-level lan­guage that must be man­u­ally writ­ten into a file and then ex­e­cuted on the com­mand line. More­over, some­times the use of both sim­u­la­tion tools is war­ranted in order to check for con­sis­tency be­tween the codes. Writ­ing the codes by hand or trans­lat­ing be­tween soft­ware can some­times be cum­ber­some, even for ex­perts. Fur­ther­more, knowl­edge of an ad­di­tional lan­guage, such as Python, is re­quired in order to an­a­lyze the out­puts of the codes (which may be in dif­fer­ent for­mats from one an­other). Beam­line Ar­chi­tect is a tool that pro­vides a graph­i­cal user in­ter­face to G4beam­line and COSY In­fin­ity. This lets the user build a par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tor chan­nel in 3D with or with­out using code. The chan­nel may then be saved, ex­ported, trans­lated, or run. Any out­put data will be plot­ted in Beam­line Ar­chi­tect using Python, since it is both flex­i­ble aes­thet­i­cally and quite stan­dard in the par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tor com­mu­nity. For un­der­grad­u­ate and non-ac­cel­er­a­tor stu­dents, Beam­line Ar­chi­tect al­lows a hands-on ex­pe­ri­ence with ac­cel­er­a­tor sim­u­la­tions. Some ap­pli­ca­tions for these stu­dents in­clude health physics ra­di­a­tion dosime­try prob­lems, med­ical imag­ing me­chan­ics, se­cu­rity scan­ner sim­u­la­tions, and (of course) ac­cel­er­a­tor chan­nel de­sign for par­ti­cle physics ex­per­i­ments. For ex­perts, Beam­line Ar­chi­tect pro­vides vi­sual con­fir­ma­tion of the chan­nel and a faster, more con­sis­tent way of cross-ref­er­enc­ing re­sults be­tween the codes.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF003
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WEPAF005	A Fast Beam Interlock System for the Advanced Photon Source Particle Accumulator Ring	1815
	J.C. Dooling, M. Borland, K.C. Harkay, R.T. Keane, B.J. Micklich, C. Yao ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Of- fice of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. A fast beam in­ter­lock sys­tem for the Ad­vanced Pho­ton Source (APS) Par­ti­cle Ac­cu­mu­la­tor Ring (PAR) based on the de­tec­tion of Cerenkov light is pro­posed for high-charge op­er­a­tions as­so­ci­ated with the APS Up­grade (APS-U). Light is gen­er­ated from lost elec­trons pass­ing through high-pu­rity, fused-sil­ica fiber optic cable. The cable acts as both ra­di­a­tor and light pipe to a Pb-shielded pho­to­mul­ti­plier tube. Re­sults from a pro­to­type in­stal­la­tion along the PAR south wall have shown ex­cel­lent sen­si­tiv­ity, lin­ear­ity, and re­pro­ducibil­ity after 10,000 hours of op­er­a­tion to date with lit­tle change in the op­ti­cal trans­mis­sion of the fiber. High sen­si­tiv­ity al­lows more ac­cu­rate mea­sure­ment of low-level loss than pos­si­ble with cur­rent mon­i­tors. The ra­di­a­tor and de­tec­tor pro­vide a much faster re­sponse than the in­stalled gamma or neu­tron de­tec­tors. A faster, more ac­cu­rate re­sponse to elec­tron loss will be im­por­tant as we run with higher charge and con­sider op­er­at­ing at in­creased en­ergy for APS-U. Ini­tial cal­i­bra­tion mea­sure­ments of the pro­to­type sys­tem with ra­di­a­tion mon­i­tors for var­i­ous loss sce­nar­ios are dis­cussed. Com­par­i­son of the sce­nar­ios with sim­u­la­tions are pre­sented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF005
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WEPAF006	Fast Photodetector Bunch Duration Monitor for the Advanced Photon Source Particle Accumulator Ring	1819
	J.C. Dooling, J.R. Calvey, K.C. Harkay, B.X. Yang, C. Yao ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. A fast pho­tode­tec­tor is used to mon­i­tor the bunch du­ra­tion in the Ad­vanced Pho­ton Source (APS) Par­ti­cle Ac­cu­mu­la­tor Ring (PAR). The Bunch Du­ra­tion Mon­i­tor (BDM) di­ag­nos­tic pro­vides an ac­cu­rate mea­sure of the PAR bunch length. PAR BDM data show good agree­ment with streak cam­era mea­sure­ments. The BDM is based on the metal-semi­con­duc­tor-metal (MSM) pho­tode­tec­tor Hama­matsu G4176-03 MSM with spec­i­fied rise and fall times of 30 ps. The BDM has suf­fi­cient fre­quency re­sponse to re­solve the PAR bunch near ex­trac­tion where, under low-charge con­di­tions, min­i­mum rms pulse du­ra­tions of 200-300 ps are ob­served. Beam from the PAR is in­jected into the Booster; for ef­fi­cient cap­ture, in­jected rms bunch du­ra­tion from the PAR must be less than 600 ps. The MSM de­tec­tor ex­hibits a ring­ing re­sponse to fast input sig­nals. To over­come this, the BDM out­put is de-con­volved with the im­pulse re­sponse func­tion of the de­tec­tor-am­pli­fier cir­cuit. Turn-by-turn bunch du­ra­tion data is pre­sented ver­sus charge and time in the PAR cycle. Charge cal­i­bra­tion is used to de­ter­mine fit pa­ra­me­ters for bunch du­ra­tion mea­sure­ments in peak-de­tec­tion mode. Ob­ser­va­tions rel­e­vant to APS Up­grade high-charge stud­ies are pre­sented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF006
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WEPAF007	A Scheme for Asynchronous Operation of the APS-U Booster Synchrotron	1823
	U. Wienands, T.G. Berenc, T. Fors, F. Lenkszus, N. Serenopresenter, G.J. Waldschmidt ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by US DOE The APS-U 6-GeV MBA stor­age ring will have 42 pm beam emit­tance and rel­a­tively tight ac­cep­tance. This re­quires lim­it­ing the beam emit­tance out of the Booster syn­chro­tron which is achieved by op­er­at­ing the Booster off-mo­men­tum, thus ma­nip­u­lat­ing the damp­ing par­ti­tions. How­ever, the much higher charge for the APS-U strongly fa­vors in­ject­ing on mo­men­tum into the Booster for max­i­mum ac­cep­tance. An rf-fre­quency ramp­ing scheme is pro­posed to allow in­ject­ing on mo­men­tum and then mov­ing the beam off mo­men­tum. The ramp is ad­justed from cycle to cycle to vary the total time taken by the beam from in­jec­tion to ex­trac­tion, thus align­ing the Booster bunch with any cho­sen MBA stor­age ring bucket. The two rf sys­tems will not be locked at any time of the cycle. The pro­posed scheme is com­pat­i­ble with the ex­ist­ing syn­chro­niza­tion of the APS in­jec­tor cycle to the 60-Hz line volt­age which in­duces a vari­a­tion in the start time of the ac­cel­er­a­tion cycle. The scheme re­moves the need to re­align the Booster ring for total path length while op­ti­miz­ing its op­er­a­tion for high charge ac­cel­er­a­tion. A fer­rite tuner is being con­sid­ered for dy­namic tun­ing of the rf cav­i­ties.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF007
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WEPAF009	Optimising Response Matrix Measurements for LOCO Analysis	1826
	Y.E. Tan AS - ANSTO, Clayton, Australia
	The Lin­ear Op­tics from Closed Orbit (LOCO) method is a com­mon tool for de­ter­min­ing stor­age ring lat­tice func­tions and re­quires a mea­sured BPM to Cor­rec­tor re­sponse ma­trix. For very large rings with many cor­rec­tors, such mea­sure­ments can be time con­sum­ing. The fol­low­ing study in­ves­ti­gates how the num­ber of cor­rec­tors and the sig­nal-to-noise ratio (SNR) af­fects the LOCO analy­sis re­sults. For the Aus­tralian Syn­chro­tron, the re­sults show that four dis­trib­uted cor­rec­tors per plane with a SNR of >1000 is suf­fi­cient to fit the be­ta­tron func­tions to an ac­cu­racy of less than 0.2%.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF009
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WEPAF010	Fast Glitch Detection of Coupled Bunch Instabilities and Orbit Motions	1829
	W.X. Cheng, B. Bacha, K. Ha, Y. Li BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by DOE contract No: DE-SC0012704 Dur­ing high cur­rent op­er­a­tion at NSLS-II stor­age ring, ver­ti­cal beam size spikes have been no­ticed. The spikes are be­lieved due to ion in­sta­bil­ity as­so­ci­ates with vac­uum ac­tiv­i­ties lo­cal­ized in the ring. A new tool has been de­vel­oped using gated BPM turn-by-turn (TBT) data to de­tect beam cen­troid glitches. When one turn orbit de­vi­ates out­side the pre­de­fined win­dow, a global event will be gen­er­ated. This al­lows syn­chro­nized data ac­qui­si­tion of TBT beam po­si­tions around the ring. Bunch by bunch data is ac­quired at the same time to an­a­lyze the pos­si­ble cou­pled bunch in­sta­bil­i­ties (CBI). Be­sides CBI mainly due to ion bursts, fast orbit glitches have been cap­tured with the new tool. Sources of the glitches can be iden­ti­fied.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF010
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WEPAF011	Developments of Bunch by Bunch Feedback System at NSLS-II Storage Ring	1833
	W.X. Cheng, B. Bacha, Y. Li BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA D. Teytelman Dimtel, San Jose, USA
	Funding: Work supported by DOE contract No: DE-SC0012704 Trans­verse bunch-by-bunch (BxB) feed­back sys­tem has been con­structed and in op­er­a­tion since the very be­gin­ning of NSLS-II stor­age ring com­mis­sion­ing. As the total beam cur­rent con­tin­ues in­creas­ing in the past years, the sys­tem has been op­er­at­ing sta­ble and re­li­able. Ad­vanced BxB di­ag­nos­tic func­tions have been de­vel­oped using the sys­tem. Con­tin­u­ous tune mea­sure­ment is re­al­ized with a di­ag­nos­tic sin­gle bunch. Cou­pled bunch in­sta­bil­ity growth rate is able to be mea­sured with the tran­sient ex­ci­ta­tion. The BxB feed­back sys­tem is also ca­pa­ble to ex­cite a small frac­tion of total bunches for lat­tice mea­sure­ment dur­ing high cur­rent op­er­a­tions. We pre­sent the most re­cent de­vel­op­ments and op­er­a­tion ex­pe­ri­ence on the BxB feed­back sys­tem at NSLS-II.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF011
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WEPAF012	Improvements of NSLS-II X-ray Diagnostic Beamlines	1837
	W.X. Cheng, B. Bacha, B.N. Kosciuk, D. Padrazo Jr BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by DOE contract No: DE-SC0012704 There are two X-ray di­ag­nos­tic beam­lines (XDB) de­vel­oped at NSLS-II stor­age ring to mea­sure emit­tance, en­ergy spread, and other ma­chine pa­ra­me­ters. The first beam­line uti­lizes a soft bend­ing mag­net ra­di­a­tion has been in op­er­a­tion since 2014. The tung­sten pin­hole orig­i­nally lo­cated in the air had cor­ro­sion issue. The beam­line has been im­proved by ex­tend­ing the vac­uum to the imag­ing sys­tem. The sec­ond X-ray pin­hole beam­line using three-pole wig­gler (TPW) ra­di­a­tion has been con­structed and com­mis­sioned re­cently. En­ergy spread is able to be pre­cisely mea­sured due to large dis­per­sion at the source point. A gated cam­era is equipped with the new beam­line to ac­quire pro­files within one turn. Re­cent op­er­a­tion ex­pe­ri­ence and beam mea­sure­ments will be pre­sented in this paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF012
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WEPAF013	Database for the Management of NSLS-II Active Interlock System	1841
	J. Choi, R.P. Fliller, K. Ha, Y. Tian BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: DOE Contract No. DE-SC0012704 NSLS-II is op­er­at­ing the ac­tive in­ter­lock (AI) sys­tem to pro­tect the ma­chine com­po­nents from the syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion from the ac­ci­den­tally mis-steered elec­tron beam. For the sys­tem­atic man­age­ment, a re­la­tional data­base is ded­i­cated to the AI sys­tem and work­ing as the data provider as well as the archiver. The paper shows how the data­base is struc­tured and used for the AI sys­tem.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF013
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WEPAF014	Commissioning the Superconducting Magnetic Inflector System for the Muon g-2 Experiment	1844
	N.S. Froemming CENPA, Seattle, Washington, USA K.E. Badgley, H. Nguyen, D. Stratakis Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA J.D. Crnkovic BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA L.E. Kelton UKY, Kentucky, USA M.J. Syphers Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
	The Fer­mi­lab muon g-2 ex­per­i­ment aims to mea­sure the muon anom­alous mag­netic mo­ment with a pre­ci­sion of 140 ppb - a four­fold im­prove­ment over the 540 ppb pre­ci­sion ob­tained in the BNL muon g-2 ex­per­i­ment. Both of these high-pre­ci­sion ex­per­i­ments re­quire an ex­tremely uni­form mag­netic field in the muon stor­age ring. A su­per­con­duct­ing mag­netic in­flec­tor sys­tem is used to in­ject beam into the stor­age ring as close as pos­si­ble to the de­sign orbit while min­i­miz­ing dis­tur­bances to the stor­age-re­gion mag­netic field. The Fer­mi­lab ex­per­i­ment is cur­rently in its first data-tak­ing run, where the Fer­mi­lab in­flec­tor sys­tem is the re­fur­bished BNL in­flec­tor sys­tem. This dis­cus­sion re­views the Fer­mi­lab in­flec­tor sys­tem re­fur­bish­ment and com­mis­sion­ing.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF014
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WEPAF015	Commissioning the Muon g-2 Experiment Electrostatic Quadrupole System	1848
	J.D. Crnkovic, V. Tishchenko BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA K.E. Badgley, H. Nguyen, E. Ramberg Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA E. Barlas Yucel, M. Yucel Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey J.M. Grange ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA A.T. Herrod Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom A.T. Herrod The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom J.L. Holzbauer, W. Wu UMiss, University, Mississippi, USA H.D. Sanders APP, Freeville, New York, USA H.D. Sanders Sanders Pulsed Power LLC, Batavia, Illinois, USA N.H. Tran BUphy, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
	The Fer­mi­lab Muon g-2 ex­per­i­ment aims to mea­sure the muon anom­aly with a pre­ci­sion of 140 parts-per-bil­lion (ppb) - a four­fold im­prove­ment over the 540 ppb pre­ci­sion ob­tained by the BNL Muon g-2 ex­per­i­ment. These high pre­ci­sion ex­per­i­ments both re­quire a very uni­form muon stor­age ring mag­netic field that pre­cludes the use of ver­ti­cal-fo­cus­ing mag­netic quadrupoles. The Fer­mi­lab Elec­tro­sta­tic Quadru­pole Sys­tem (EQS) is the re­fur­bished and up­graded BNL EQS, where this overview de­scribes the Fer­mi­lab EQS and its re­cent op­er­a­tions.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF015
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WEPAF016	Application of Quad-Scan Measurement Techniques to Muon Beams in the Muon g-2 Experiment	1852
	J. Bradley Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom J.D. Crnkovic BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA B.E. Drendel, D. Stratakis Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA N.S. Froemmingpresenter CENPA, Seattle, Washington, USA
	De­ter­mi­na­tion of the prop­er­ties of a beam dur­ing trans­port is a vital process for most ac­cel­er­a­tor-re­lated ex­per­i­ments; for ex­am­ple Fer­mi­lab's Muon g-2 ex­per­i­ment re­quires large num­bers of muons to be stored in a stor­age ring of 7 meter ra­dius, and the trans­mis­sion frac­tion has been shown to de­pend strongly on the prop­er­ties of the beam, specif­i­cally the Twiss pa­ra­me­ters. The cur­rent equip­ment in the muon cam­pus beam­lines al­lows only mea­sure­ment of beam pro­files which lim­its how well prop­a­ga­tion can be pre­dicted, how­ever by using the well-stud­ied quad-scan tech­nique it is pos­si­ble to ob­tain all of the Twiss pa­ra­me­ters at a point using these pro­files. Ex­per­i­men­tal quad-scans of muon beams have not yet been re­ported, this paper in­tro­duces the quad-scan tech­nique and then goes on to dis­cuss the analy­sis of one such ex­per­i­ment and the re­sults ob­tained, show­ing that such a tech­nique is ap­plic­a­ble in the muon g-2 ex­per­i­ment to ob­tain the Twiss pa­ra­me­ters with­out re­quir­ing in­stal­la­tion of new equip­ment.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF016
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WEPAF017	Correction of ID-Induced Transverse Linear Coupling at NSLS-II	1856
	Y. Hidaka, Y. Li, T.V. Shaftan, T. Tanabe, Y. Tian, G.M. Wang BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: The study is supported by U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Size­able life­time jumps have been ob­served spo­rad­i­cally since March 2016 at NSLS-II. These jumps were found to co­in­cide with in­ser­tion de­vice (ID) gap mo­tions. Par­tic­u­larly, one of the in-vac­uum un­du­la­tors (IVUs) at Cell 17 was dis­cov­ered to have large lo­cal­ized skew quadru­pole com­po­nent vari­a­tion with gap. To allow the ma­chine to op­er­ate sta­bly in the low-emit­tance mode, a global cou­pling feed­for­ward sys­tem has been re­cently im­ple­mented and suc­cess­fully de­ployed. After in­stal­la­tion of a new ad­di­tional skew quadru­pole, cou­pling com­pen­sa­tion of this ID is now per­formed by a local cou­pling feed­for­ward sys­tem. Fur­ther­more, the max­i­mum gap limit of all the ex­ist­ing IVUs has been de­creased from 40 mm to 25 mm to limit the skew com­po­nent vari­a­tion dur­ing user op­er­a­tion.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF017
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WEPAF018	Proposed BPM-Based Bunch Crabbing Angle Monitor	1860
	P. Thieberger, M.G. Mintypresenter, C. Montag BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the US Department of Energy. A tilted bunch tra­vers­ing a but­ton beam pro­file mon­i­tor will pro­duce sig­nals on op­po­site pickup elec­trodes that will have dif­fer­ent de­grees of dis­tor­tion de­pend­ing on the tilt angle. In par­tic­u­lar, the zero-cross­ing time dif­fer­ence be­tween the two sig­nals will be ap­prox­i­mately pro­por­tional to the tilt angle. We per­form sim­u­la­tions to study this ef­fect as a pos­si­ble di­ag­nos­tic tool for mea­sur­ing the crab­bing an­gles in a fu­ture elec­tron-ion col­lider.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF018
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WEPAF019	Fast Readout Algorithm for Cylindrical Beam Position Monitors Providing Good Accuracy for Particle Bunches with Large Offsets	1864
	P. Thieberger, D.M. Gassner, R.L. Hulsart, R.J. Michnoff, T.A. Miller, M.G. Mintypresenter, Z. Sorrell BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA A.C. Bartnik Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the US Department of Energy. A sim­ple, an­a­lyt­i­cally cor­rect al­go­rithm is de­vel­oped for cal­cu­lat­ing 'pen­cil' beam co­or­di­nates using the sig­nals from an ideal cylin­dri­cal beam po­si­tion mon­i­tor (BPM) with four pickup elec­trodes (PUEs) of in­fin­i­tes­i­mal widths. The al­go­rithm is then ap­plied to sim­u­la­tions of re­al­is­tic BPMs with fi­nite width PUEs. Sur­pris­ingly small de­vi­a­tions are found. Sim­ple em­pir­i­cally de­ter­mined cor­rec­tion terms re­duce the de­vi­a­tions even fur­ther. Fi­nally, the al­go­rithm is used to study the im­pact of beam-size upon the pre­ci­sion of BPMs in the non-lin­ear re­gion. As an ex­am­ple of the data ac­qui­si­tion speed ad­van­tage, a FPGA-based BPM read­out im­ple­men­ta­tion of the new al­go­rithm has been de­vel­oped and char­ac­ter­ized
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF019
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WEPAF022	Application of Machine Learning to Minimize Long Term Drifts in the NSLS-II Linac	1867
	R.P. Fliller, C. Gardner, P. Marino, R.S. Rainer, M. Santana, G.J. Weiner, X. Yangpresenter, E. Zeitler BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy Ma­chine Learn­ing has proven it­self as a use­ful tech­nique in a va­ri­ety of ap­pli­ca­tions from image recog­ni­tion to play­ing Go. Ar­ti­fi­cial Neural Net­works have cer­tain ad­van­tages when used as a feed­for­ward sys­tem, such as the pre­dicted cor­rec­tion re­lies on a model built from data. This al­lows for the Ar­ti­fi­cial Neural Net­work to com­pen­sate for ef­fects that are dif­fi­cult to model such as low level RF ad­just­ments to com­pen­sate for long term drifts. The NSLS-II linac suf­fers from long terms drifts from a num­ber of sources in­clud­ing ther­mal drifts and kly­stron gain vari­a­tions. These drifts have an ef­fect on the in­jec­tion ef­fi­ciency into the booster, and if left unchecked, por­tions of the bunch train may not be in­jected into the booster, and the stor­age ring bunch pat­tern will ul­ti­mately suf­fer. In this paper, we dis­cuss the ap­pli­ca­tion of Ar­ti­fi­cial Neural Net­works to com­pen­sate for long term drifts in the NSLS-II lin­ear ac­cel­er­a­tor. The Ar­ti­fi­cial Neural Net­work is im­ple­mented in python al­low­ing for rapid de­vel­op­ment of the net­work. We dis­cuss the de­sign and train­ing of the net­work, along with re­sults of using the net­work in op­er­a­tion.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF022
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WEPAF024	Turn-by-Turn Position Measurements at CNAO with the Libera Spark HR Prototype	1870
	M. Cargnelutti, M. Žnidarčič I-Tech, Solkan, Slovenia G.M.A. Calvi, A. Parravicini, E. Rojatti, C. Viviani CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy
	CNAO in Pavia is one of the first cen­ters for hadron­ther­apy in Eu­rope, treat­ing pa­tients since 2011. The cen­ter is an in­ter­na­tional ref­er­ence for a whole new con­cept of ma­chines being con­structed for this pur­pose. The syn­chro­tron BPM elec­tron­ics is based on ana­log boards that com­pute the ratio be­tween dif­fer­ence and sum sig­nals from the shoe­box pickup, later ac­quired by dig­i­tal cards. Al­though the sys­tem op­er­ates re­li­ably, it just cal­cu­lates the po­si­tion with 1kHz rate, while the rev­o­lu­tion fre­quency ranges from 0.5 to 3 MHz. To ex­tend the mea­sure­ment pos­si­bil­i­ties for these new hadron syn­chro­trons, In­stru­men­ta­tion Tech­nolo­gies is de­vel­op­ing a data ac­qui­si­tion sys­tem ca­pa­ble of ac­quir­ing the pickup sig­nals with 125M­Sps ADCs and cal­cu­lat­ing bunch­by­bunch po­si­tions of the ac­cel­er­ated beam. The first pro­to­type was tested at CNAO: the turn­by­turn beam po­si­tion was an­a­lyzed off line, at dif­fer­ent en­er­gies and po­si­tions with both Pro­tons and Car­bon ions beam. This paper will pre­sents the re­sults achieved with the sys­tem and com­pares them with the mea­sure­ments of the cur­rent sys­tem.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF024
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WEPAF025	Fast Intensity Monitor Based on Channeltron Electron Multiplier	1873
	G.M.A. Calvi, V. Lante, L. Lanzavecchia, G. Magro, A. Parravicini, E. Rojatti, C. Viviani CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy
	The paper con­cerns the Fast In­ten­sity Mon­i­tor (FIM) de­signed for the CNAO (Cen­tro Nazionale di Adroter­apia On­co­log­ica), the Ital­ian fa­cil­ity of On­co­log­i­cal Hadron­ther­apy. The FIM de­tec­tor has been de­signed with the pur­pose of hav­ing a con­tin­u­ous and non-de­struc­tive mea­sure­ment of the beam in­ten­sity in the High En­ergy Beam Trans­fer (HEBT) line. The pas­sage of the beam through a thin alu­minum foil pro­duces sec­ondary elec­trons whose yield de­pends on beam species (pro­tons or car­bon ions), in­ten­sity and en­ergy. Sec­ondary elec­trons are fo­cused on the Chan­nel­tron Elec­tron Mul­ti­plier (CEM) input, mul­ti­plied and sensed over a pre­ci­sion re­sis­tor. In order to min­i­mize the per­tur­ba­tion to the beam, the foil is grounded and the read out elec­tron­ics is float­ing. This makes elec­tron­ics de­sign harder but it is a key point to make FIM use pos­si­ble con­tin­u­ously even dur­ing pa­tients treat­ment. Mea­sure­ments per­formed with the FIM are dis­cussed and checked against ref­er­ence de­tec­tors.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF025
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WEPAF026	Beam Induced Fluorescence Measurements of 100 keV Deuterons in LIPAc Accelerator	1877
SUSPL052	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	R. Varela, A. Guirao, L.M. Martínez, J. Mollá, I. Podadera CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain T. Akagi, R. Ichimiya, Y. Ikeda, M. Sugimoto QST, Aomori, Japan B. Bolzon, N. Chauvin CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France P. Cara Fusion for Energy, Garching, Germany H. Dzitko F4E, Germany J. Knaster IFMIF/EVEDA, Rokkasho, Japan
	Funding: Work partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under project FIS2013-40860-R The LIPAc ac­cel­er­a­tor will be a lin­ear CW deuteron ac­cel­er­a­tor ca­pa­ble of de­liv­er­ing a 9 MeV, 125 mA beam which aims to val­i­date the tech­nol­ogy that will be used in the fu­ture high power ac­cel­er­a­tor-dri­ven neu­tron source, IFMIF. In sum­mer 2017 a cam­paign of mea­sure­ments was done dur­ing the in­jec­tor com­mis­sion­ing, in which a Flu­o­res­cence Pro­file Mon­i­tor based on an In­ten­si­fied CID cam­era (ICID) was used to mea­sure the beam trans­verse pro­file at the ex­trac­tion of the ion source. In this con­tri­bu­tion we re­view the de­sign of the ICID, its per­for­mance and dis­cuss the mea­sure­ments car­ried out. The per­for­mance of ICID mon­i­tors for its use in fu­ture ac­cel­er­a­tors will be as­sessed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF026
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WEPAF027	Low Q Cavity BPM Study for the Beam Position Measurement of Nanosecond Spaced Electron Bunches	1881
	L. Yang, X. Hepresenter, L.W. Zhang CAEP/IFP, Mainyang, Sichuan, People's Republic of China S.S. Cao, Y.B. Leng, L.Y. Yu, R.X. Yuan SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
	Funding: National natural science foundation of China, 11705184 Low Q cav­ity BPM is a key to dis­tin­guish closely spaced elec­tron bunches al­low­ing pre­cise beam han­dling for XFEL fa­cil­i­ties op­er­at­ing in a multi-bunch mode at high rep­e­ti­tion rate up to hun­dreds MHz. The in­ter-bunch sig­nal pol­lu­tion issue be­comes sig­nif­i­cant when bunch sep­a­ra­tion is down to nanosec­ond and causes the po­si­tion de­tec­tion to be in­creas­ingly over­es­ti­mated. Solely re­ly­ing on ex­treme low Q to achieve suf­fi­cient decay within bunch in­ter­val leads to ap­pre­cia­ble in­ter­fer­ence from non-sig­nal modes due to strong over­cou­pling of an­tenna de­sign is re­quired. The error im­posed on mea­sured po­si­tion raises a chal­lenge to meet the goal of high res­o­lu­tion. Al­ter­na­tively, a con­cept is pro­posed to re­move the dom­i­nant part of sig­nal pol­lu­tion at the mo­ment of sam­pling by in­ten­tion­ally shift­ing the phase of the last bunch sig­nal 90de­gree re­spect to that of cur­rent bunch sig­nal, where sig­nal sam­pling is nor­mally taken for nanosec­ond spaced bunches. This quad­ra­ture phase shift is de­fined by prop­erly choos­ing the op­er­a­tional fre­quency of di­pole mode re­gard­ing to the bunch fre­quency. A low Q cav­ity BPM pro­to­type to iden­tify tech­ni­cal chal­lenges and ver­ify this con­cept is under de­vel­op­ment in the R&D plan for fu­ture XFEL with high rep­e­ti­tion rate
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF027
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WEPAF030	HEPS High-Level Software Architecture Plan	1884
	C.P. Chu, Y.S. Qiao, C.H. Wang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China H.H. Lv SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Work supported by the Chinese Academy of Science and the HEPS-TF Project. The High En­ergy Pho­ton Source (HEPS) is a planned ul­tra-low emit­tance syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion based light source which re­quires high pre­ces­sion con­trol sys­tems for both ac­cel­er­a­tor and beam­lines. Such kind of ac­cel­er­a­tors will re­quire ex­tremely so­phis­ti­cated high-level con­trol soft­ware for both ac­cel­er­a­tor and beam­line op­er­a­tion to achieve not only the de­manded pre­ci­sion but also high re­li­a­bil­ity. This paper out­lines the high-level ap­pli­ca­tion soft­ware ar­chi­tec­ture de­sign in­clud­ing re­la­tional data-bases, soft­ware plat­forms, and ad­vanced con­trols with ma­chine learn­ing (ML) tech­niques. Early plan for beam-line con­trol is also re­ported. For bet­ter qual­ity con­trol and easy main­te­nance, the high-level ap­pli­ca­tions will be built upon ma­tured soft­ware plat­forms. Also, the HEPS High-Level Soft­ware team will col­lab­o­rate with EPICS com­mu­nity for im­prov­ing the soft­ware plat­forms.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF030
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WEPAF032	An Alternative Fast Orbit Feedback Design of HEPS	1888
	X.Y. Huang, J.S. Cao, Y.Y. Du, F. Liu, Y.H. Lu, Y.F. Ma, Y.F. Sui, S.J. Wei, Q. Ye, X.E. Zhang, D.C. Zhu IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	The High En­ergy Pho­ton Source (HEPS) is a fourth gen­er­a­tion light source in China and will be built in this year. The emit­tance of HEPS stor­age ring is ap­proach­ing dif­frac­tion limit and the cir­cum­stance of the ring is about 1.3 kilo­me­tres. To sta­bi­lize the elec­tron beam, fast orbit feed­back (FOFB) sys­tem is pre­req­ui­site. In this paper, the re­quire­ments on the HEPS beam sta­bil­ity are dis­cussed and an al­ter­na­tive FOFB de­sign based on DBPM are in­tro­duced with al­go­rithm and ar­chi­tec­ture.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF032
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WEPAF034	A Supersonic Gas Jet-Based Beam Profile Monitor Using Fluorescence for HL-LHC	1891
	H.D. Zhang, A.S. Alexandrova, R. Schnuererpresenter, C.P. Welsch Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom M. Ady, E. Barrios Diaz, N. Chritin, O.R. Jones, R. Kersevan, T. Marriott-Dodington, S. Mazzoni, A. Rossi, G. Schneider, R. Veness CERN, Geneva, Switzerland A.S. Alexandrova, A. Salehilashkajani, R. Schnuererpresenter, C.P. Welsch, H.D. Zhang The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom P. Forck, S. Udrea GSI, Darmstadt, Germany P. Smakulski WRUT, Wroclaw, Poland
	Funding: The HL-LHC project, the Helmholtz Association under contract VH-NG-328, the EU's 7th Framework Programme under grant agreement no 215080 and the STFC Cockcroft core grant No. ST/G008248/1. The High-Lu­mi­nos­ity Large Hadron Col­lider (HL-LHC) pro­ject aims to in­crease the ma­chine lu­mi­nos­ity by a fac­tor of 10 as com­pared to the LHC's de­sign value. To achieve this goal, a spe­cial type of elec­tron lens is being de­vel­oped. It uses a hol­low elec­tron beam which co-prop­a­gates with the hadron beam to act on any halo par­ti­cles with­out per­turb­ing the core of the beam. The over­lap­ping of both beams should be care­fully mon­i­tored. This con­tri­bu­tion pre­sents the de­sign prin­ci­ple and de­tailed char­ac­ter­is­tics of a new su­per­sonic gas jet-based beam pro­file mon­i­tor. In con­trast to ear­lier mon­i­tors, it re­lies on flu­o­res­cence light emit­ted by the gas mol­e­cules in the jet fol­low­ing in­ter­ac­tion with the pri­mary hadron beams. A ded­i­cated pro­to­type has been de­signed and built at the Cock­croft In­sti­tute and is being com­mis­sioned. De­tails about mon­i­tor in­te­gra­tion, achiev­able res­o­lu­tion and dy­namic range will be given.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF034
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WEPAF035	Coherent Diffraction Radiation Imaging as an RMS Bunch Length Monitor	1895
	J. Wolfenden, R.B. Fiorito, C.P. Welsch Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom R.B. Fiorito, C.P. Welsch, J. Wolfenden The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom T.H. Pacey, T.H. Pacey UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom A.G. Shkvarunets UMD, College Park, Maryland, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by the EU under Grant Agreement No. 624890 and the STFC Cockcroft Institute core Grant No. ST/G008248/1. High-res­o­lu­tion bunch length mea­sure­ment is of the ut­most im­por­tance for cur­rent and fu­ture gen­er­a­tions of light sources and linacs. It is also key to the op­ti­mi­sa­tion of the final beam qual­ity in plasma-based ac­cel­er­a­tion. We pre­sent progress in the de­vel­op­ment of a novel RMS bunch length mon­i­tor based on imag­ing the co­her­ent dif­frac­tion ra­di­a­tion (CDR) pro­duced by a non-in­va­sive cir­cu­lar aper­ture. Due to the bunch lengths in­volved, the ra­di­a­tion pro­duced is in the THz range. This has led to the de­vel­op­ment of a novel THz imag­ing sys­tem, which can be ap­plied to low en­ergy elec­tron beams. For high en­ergy beams the imag­ing sys­tem can be used as a sin­gle shot tech­nique. Sim­u­la­tion re­sults show that the pro­file of a CDR image of a beam is sen­si­tive to bunch length and can thus be used as a di­ag­nos­tic. The as­so­ci­ated ben­e­fits of this imag­ing dis­tri­b­u­tion method­ol­ogy over the typ­i­cal an­gu­lar dis­tri­b­u­tion mea­sure­ment are dis­cussed. Plans for ex­per­i­ments con­ducted at the Swiss­FEL (PSI, Switzer­land), along with plans for fu­ture high en­ergy sin­gle shot mea­sure­ments are also pre­sented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF035
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WEPAF036	Energy Independence in Optical Transition Radiation Imaging	1898
	J. Wolfenden, R.B. Fiorito, C.P. Welsch Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom R.B. Fiorito, C.P. Welsch, J. Wolfenden The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
	Funding: This work was supported by the EU under Grant Agreement No. 624890 and the STFC Cockcroft Institute core Grant No. ST/G008248/1. The ex­ploita­tion of op­ti­cal tran­si­tion ra­di­a­tion (OTR) in imag­ing-based di­ag­nos­tics for charged par­ti­cle beams is a well-es­tab­lished tech­nique. Sim­u­la­tions of the ex­pected OTR trans­verse beam pro­files are there­fore im­por­tant in both the de­sign of such imag­ing sys­tems and the analy­sis of the data. Sim­u­lat­ing OTR im­ages is rel­a­tively straight­for­ward for low en­ergy elec­tron beams. How­ever, in the near fu­ture elec­tron ma­chines will be using high-en­ergy and low-emit­tance beams. Using such pa­ra­me­ters can be chal­leng­ing to sim­u­late, and can be lim­it­ing in their ac­count of prac­ti­cal fac­tors, e.g. chro­matic aber­ra­tions. In this work we show sys­tem­at­i­cally that the use of low-en­ergy pa­ra­me­ters in high-en­ergy OTR image sim­u­la­tions in­duces lit­tle de­vi­a­tion in the re­sult­ing trans­verse beam pro­files. Sim­u­la­tions there­fore be­come much eas­ier to per­form, and fur­ther analy­sis may be per­formed. This opens up ex­cit­ing op­por­tu­ni­ties to per­form sim­u­la­tions quicker and with re­duced de­mands on the com­pu­ta­tion re­quire­ments. It will be shown in this con­tri­bu­tion how this ap­proach will en­able en­hanced ways to op­ti­mize OTR di­ag­nos­tics.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF036
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WEPAF041	Use of Dimension-Reduction Techniques With Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms to Improve the Vertical Emittance and Orbit at CESR	1901
SUSPL064	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	W.F. Bergan, I.V. Bazarov, C.J. Duncan, D. L. Rubin Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA D. Liarte, J.P. Sethna Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: DOE DE-SC0013571 NSF DGE-1650441 In order to re­duce the ver­ti­cal emit­tance at the Cor­nell Elec­tron Stor­age Ring (CESR), we first mea­sure and cor­rect the ver­ti­cal orbit, dis­per­sion, and cou­pling. How­ever, due to the fi­nite res­o­lu­tion of our op­tics mea­sure­ments, we still re­tain a sig­nif­i­cant resid­ual emit­tance. In order to cor­rect this fur­ther, we made use of the the­ory of sloppy mod­els, ac­cord­ing to which cer­tain high-di­men­sion­al­ity sys­tems can be mod­eled with sig­nif­i­cantly fewer "eigen­pa­ra­me­ters" that still con­tain most of the ef­fect on the de­sired ob­jec­tive, in this case, the emit­tance.* How­ever, we noted that using these knobs for tun­ing often re­sulted in in­creased ver­ti­cal orbit er­rors. In an at­tempt to con­strain these, we have ap­plied multi-ob­jec­tive ge­netic al­go­rithms to this prob­lem. We have found that it can be more ef­fi­cient to run such al­go­rithms using our eigen­pa­ra­me­ters as the genes to be var­ied, as op­posed to the raw mag­net val­ues. When run­ning with the first 8 such knobs as genes, we can get ei­ther or­bits or beam sizes as good as we ob­tain with our reg­u­lar emit­tance-tun­ing al­go­rithm which uses all the cor­rec­tor mag­nets. *K.S. Brown and J.P. Sethna, Phys. Rev. E 68, 021904 (2003).
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF041
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WEPAF042	Measurement of Beam yz Crabbing Tilt Due to Wake Fields Using Streak Camera at CESR	1905
	S. Wang, D. L. Rubinpresenter Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: This research was supported by NSF PHYS-1068662, PHYS-1416318 and DMR-1332208. Trans­verse ver­ti­cal wake fields can in­crease the ver­ti­cal emit­tance and dis­tort the phase space of a bunch in a stor­age ring. Re­cently, we ob­served charge-de­pen­dent ver­ti­cal beam size growth with a sin­gle scraper in­serted through the top of the stor­age ring vac­uum cham­ber. This ap­par­ent growth was due in large part to the yz cou­pling (ver­ti­cal crab­bing) in­duced by the wake field from the asym­met­ric scraper con­fig­u­ra­tion. Here, we re­port a di­rect mea­sure­ment of a small beam yz crab­bing tilt using a streak cam­era. The recorded im­ages (pro­jected beam pro­files in yz plane) are an­a­lyzed with three dif­fer­ent meth­ods, which yield con­sis­tent beam yz tilts. We found the di­rectly-mea­sured cur­rent-de­pen­dent beam tilts by the streak cam­era are con­sis­tent with the beam tilts cal­cu­lated from a wake field model.
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WEPAF043	Commissioning and Long-Term Results of a Fully-Automated Pulse-Based Optical Timing Distribution System at Dalian Coherent Light Source	1909
	H.P.H. Cheng, A. Berlin, E. Cano, A. Dai, J. Derksen, D. Forouher, W. Nasimzada, M. Neuhaus, P. Schiepel, E. Seibel, K. Shafak Cycle GmbH, Hamburg, Germany Z. Chen, H.L. Ding, Z.G. He, Y.H. Tian, G.R. Wu DICP, Dalian, People's Republic of China F.X. Kärtner Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY) and Center for Free Electron Science (CFEL), Hamburg, Germany B. Liu, X.Q. Liu SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
	New gen­er­a­tion light sources such as X-ray free-elec­tron lasers* and at­to­science cen­ters** re­quire high de­mand for tim­ing syn­chro­niza­tion, on the order of few fem­tosec­onds or below, to gen­er­ate ul­tra­short X-ray pulses that en­ables at­tosec­ond tem­po­ral and sub­atomic spa­tial res­o­lu­tion. The chal­lenge in achiev­ing this sci­en­tific dream lies in part in a re­li­able, high-pre­ci­sion tim­ing dis­tri­b­u­tion sys­tem that can syn­chro­nize var­i­ous op­ti­cal and mi­crowave sources across multi-km dis­tances with good long-term sta­bil­ity. It was shown that the pulsed-op­ti­cal tim­ing dis­tri­b­u­tion sys­tem can de­liver sub-fs long-term tim­ing pre­ci­sion be­tween re­motely syn­chro­nized lasers and mi­crowave sources in lab­o­ra­tory en­vi­ron­ment.*** We pre­sent the lat­est re­sults from the com­mis­sion­ing of China's first multi-link pulse-based op­ti­cal tim­ing dis­tri­b­u­tion sys­tem (TDS) in­stalled at Dalian Co­her­ent Light Source. Long term op­er­at­ing re­sults of the fully-au­to­mated po­lar­iza­tion-main­tain­ing TDS, as well as lessons learned and rec­om­men­da­tions for fu­ture im­prove­ments, are pre­sented, in­clud­ing per­for­mance of the tim­ing-sta­bi­lized PM fiber links, mi­crowave end-sta­tions and ul­tra­fast laser syn­chro­niza­tion end-sta­tions. *http://www.xfel.eu/news/2017/europeanxfelgeneratesitsfirstlaserlight **G. Mourou and T. Tajima, Science, 331, pp. 41-42, 2011. ***M. Xin et al., Light Sci. Appl., 6, e16187, 2017.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF043
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WEPAF044	Automatic Tuning of PETRA, its Injector Complex, and Prospects of Autonomous Operation of PETRA IV	1912
	I.V. Agapov, H. Ehrlichmann, J. Keil, G.K. Sahoo, R. Wanzenberg DESY, Hamburg, Germany Y.-C. Chae ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	We pre­sent the progress in tun­ing au­toma­tion of the PETRA in­jec­tion com­plex. The OCELOT op­ti­mizer has been ported to the PETRA con­trol sys­tem and proof-of-prin­ci­ple tests of trans­mis­sion ef­fi­ciency op­ti­miza­tion done. We fur­ther argue that the next steps in tun­ing and au­toma­tion are im­pos­si­ble with­out re­think­ing the ar­chi­tec­ture of the high level con­tol sys­tem. A pos­si­ble ap­proach to the new sys­tem is then sketched.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF044
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WEPAF046	RF Electronics for the Measurement of Beam Induced Higher Order Modes (HOM) Implemented in the MicroTCA.4 Form Factor	1916
	S. Jabłoński, N. Baboi, U. Mavrič, H. Schlarb DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	Higher order modes (HOM) ex­cited in RF ac­cel­er­at­ing cav­i­ties by a par­ti­cle beam can be used for elec­tron beam di­ag­nos­tics. Phase of a mono­pole HOM pro­vides in­for­ma­tion about the beam phase rel­a­tive to the ex­ter­nally in­duced RF field in a cav­ity (BPhM) [1]. Fur­ther­more, the am­pli­tude of a di­pole mode is pro­por­tional to the beam po­si­tion in the cav­ity, hence it can be used for beam po­si­tion mon­i­tor­ing (BPM). In this paper we pre­sent a pro­to­type of an in­stru­ment im­ple­mented in the Mi­coTCA.4 form fac­tor for the mea­sure­ment of the HOMs at FLASH and Eu-XFEL. The pro­to­type con­sists of an ana­log mod­ule, which is used for fil­ter­ing and con­di­tion­ing of the se­lected modes, and a dig­i­tal mod­ule re­spon­si­ble for dig­i­ti­za­tion and sig­nal pro­cess­ing. We pre­sent the in­stru­ments per­for­mance and dis­cuss its in­flu­ence on the pre­ci­sion of the HOM-based di­ag­nos­tics.
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WEPAF047	Status and Commissioning of the Wire Scanner System for the European XFEL	1919
	T. Lensch, S. Liu DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The Eu­ro­pean-XFEL (E-XFEL) is an X-ray Free Elec­tron Laser fa­cil­ity lo­cated in Ham­burg (Ger­many). The su­per­con­duct­ing ac­cel­er­a­tor for up to 17.5 GeV elec­trons will pro­vide pho­tons si­mul­ta­ne­ously to sev­eral user sta­tions. Cur­rently 12 Wire Scan­ner sta­tions are used to image trans­verse beam pro­files in the high en­ergy sec­tions. These scan­ners pro­vide a slow scan mode which is cur­rently used to mea­sure beam emit­tance and beam halo dis­tri­b­u­tions. When op­er­at­ing with long bunch trains (>100 bunches) also fast scans are planned to mea­sure beam sizes in an al­most non­de­struc­tive man­ner. This paper de­scribes the cur­rent in­stal­la­tions and the lat­est de­vel­op­ments of the sys­tem at Eu­ro­pean-XFEL. Fur­ther­more, the com­mis­sion­ing sta­tus of the sys­tem and first re­sults of beam halo stud­ies will be shown.
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WEPAF048	High Resolution and Low Charge Button and Strip-Line Beam Position Monitor Electronics Upgrade at Flash	1923
	B. Lorbeer, N. Baboi, H.T. Duhme, Re. Neumann DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	His­tor­i­cally the FLASH (Free Elec­tron Laser in Ham­burg) fa­cil­ity at DESY (Deutsches Elek­tro­nen-Syn­chro­tron) in Ger­many has fore­seen op­er­a­tion in a charge range from 1nC-3nC for which a VME based BPM(Beam Po­si­tion Mon­i­tor) sys­tem has been in op­er­a­tion since 2005. For a cou­ple of years the stan­dard ma­chine op­er­a­tion has been set­tled at a few hun­dreds of pC with the ten­dency for smaller charges down to 100pC and smaller. The avail­abil­ity and res­o­lu­tion per­for­mance of the BPM sys­tem at charges below 300pC in many lo­ca­tions along the ma­chine was un­sat­is­fac­tory. In the last cou­ple of years a new BPM elec­tronic sys­tem based on the utca stan­dard has been de­vel­oped to over­come these lim­i­ta­tions. A sub­stan­tially im­proved ver­sion of the ana­log fron­tend and dig­i­tal elec­tron­ics has been de­vel­oped in 2016 and tested suc­cess­fully. Dur­ing shut­down works at FLASH in sum­mer 2017 all old but­ton and strip-line BPM elec­tron­ics has been re­placed with the new type of elec­tron­ics. This paper sum­ma­rizes the fea­tures and per­for­mance of the new BPM sys­tem, com­pares the beam jit­ter free res­o­lu­tion of old and new BPM sys­tem and high­lights its high sin­gle shot res­o­lu­tion of bet­ter than 10um at a charge of 15pC.
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WEPAF049	Energy Beam Position Monitor Button Array Electronics for the European XFEL	1927
	B. Lorbeer, B. Beutner, H.T. Duhme, L. Fröhlich, D. Lipka, D. Nölle DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The Eu­ro­pean XFEL(X-Ray Free Elec­tron Laser) at DESY(Deutsches Elek­tro­nen-Syn­chro­tron) in Ham­burg/Sch­ene­feld started com­mis­sion­ing in early 2017. Be­fore the pulsed elec­tron beam is ac­cel­er­ated to its final en­ergy of 14 GeV, the en­ergy of the bunch can be com­pressed in three bunch com­pres­sion chi­canes at 130 MeV, 700 MeV and 2400 MeV. The vac­uum cham­ber in these sec­tions is ta­pered from 40 mm round beam pipe to a 40 cm rec­tan­gu­lar shaped vac­uum sec­tion. A cus­tom made but­ton array type of BPM(Beam po­si­tion Mon­i­tor) is in­stalled in this sec­tion with 26 but­ton elec­trode feed-throughs. The ana­log and dig­i­tal read­out elec­tron­ics for this mon­i­tor and the first ex­pe­ri­ence with the cal­i­bra­tion and op­er­a­tional as­pects of this sys­tem are pre­sented in this poster.
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WEPAF050	Simulations of 3D Charge Density Measurements for Commissioning of the PolariX-TDS	1930
SUSPF104	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	D. Marx, R.W. Aßmann, R.T.P. D'Arcy, B. Marchetti DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The pro­to­type of a novel X-band trans­verse de­flec­tion struc­ture, the Po­lar­iz­able X-band (Po­lariX) TDS*, is cur­rently being pre­pared for in­stal­la­tion in the FLASH­For­ward beam­line** at DESY in early 2019. This struc­ture will have the novel fea­ture of vari­able po­lar­iza­tion of the de­flect­ing mode, al­low­ing bunches to be streaked at any trans­verse angle, rather than at just one angle as in a con­ven­tional cav­ity. By com­bin­ing screen pro­files from sev­eral streak­ing an­gles using to­mo­graphic re­con­struc­tion tech­niques, the full 3D charge den­sity of a bunch can be ob­tained***. It is planned to per­form this mea­sure­ment for the first time dur­ing com­mis­sion­ing of the struc­ture. In this paper, sim­u­la­tions of this mea­sure­ment are pre­sented and the ef­fects of jit­ter are dis­cussed. *P Craievich et al. paper THPAL068, this conference **A Aschikhin et al. Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. A., vol.806, pp.175-183, 2018 ***D Marx et al. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., vol.874, p.012077, 2017
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WEPAF051	LLRF Operation and Performance at the European XFEL	1934
	M. Omet, V. Ayvazyan, J. Branlard, Ł. Butkowski, M. Hierholzer, M. Killenberg, D. Kostin, L. Lilje, S. Pfeiffer, H. Schlarb, Ch. Schmidt, V. Vogel, N. Walker DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The Eu­ro­pean X-ray Free-Elec­tron Laser (XFEL) at Deutsches Elek­tro­nen-Syn­chro­tron (DESY), Ham­burg, Ger­many is a user fa­cil­ity pro­vid­ing ul­tra­short hard and soft X-ray flashes with a high bril­liance. All LLRF sta­tions of the in­jec­tor, cov­er­ing the nor­mal con­duct­ing RF gun, A1 (8 1.3 GHz su­per­con­duct­ing cav­i­ties (SCs)) and AH1 (8 3.9 GHz SCs), were suc­cess­fully com­mis­sioned by the end of 2015. The com­mis­sion­ing of LLRF sta­tions A2 to A23 (32 1.3 GHz SCs each) in the XFEL ac­cel­er­a­tor tun­nel (XTL) was con­cluded in June 2017. SASE light was pro­duced in SASE un­du­la­tor sec­tion SA1 and de­liv­ered to the first users in Sep­tem­ber 2017, mark­ing the be­gin­ning of reg­u­lar user op­er­a­tion. The cur­rent state of the LLRF sys­tems, the ex­pe­ri­ence gained dur­ing op­er­a­tion and the per­for­mance achieved in terms of sta­bil­ity and en­ergy reach are pre­sented.
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WEPAF052	High QL and High Gradient CW Operation of Tesla SCRF 9-Cell Cavity	1937
	K.P. Przygoda, V. Ayvazyan, Ł. Butkowski, M. Hierholzer, R. Rybaniec, H. Schlarb, Ch. Schmidt, J.K. Sekutowicz DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	In the paper we would like to pre­sent Tesla SCRF 9-Cell cav­ity op­er­ated at CW regime with ex­tremely high QL at gra­di­ents above 23 MV/m. The de­sign hard­ware and firmware com­po­nents as well as de­vel­oped high level soft­ware pro­ce­dures al­lows au­to­matic pro­ce­dure of cav­ity trip from low to high gra­di­ent op­er­a­tion. The mi­cro­phon­ics as well as a pen­doro­mo­tive ef­fects are sensed, iden­tify and ap­plied for cav­ity de­tun­ing cor­rec­tion. The RF and piezo feed­backs per­for­mance are demon­strated and pre­lim­i­nary re­sults are briefly dis­cussed.
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WEPAF053	Status and Commissioning of the European XFEL Beam Loss Monitor System	1940
	T. Wamsat, T. Lensch, P.A. Smirnov DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The Eu­ro­pean XFEL MTCA based Beam Loss Mon­i­tor Sys­tem (BLM) is com­posed of about 450 mon­i­tors, which are part of the Ma­chine Pro­tec­tion Sys­tem (MPS). The BLMs de­tect losses of the elec­tron beam, in order to pro­tect ac­cel­er­a­tor com­po­nents from dam­age and ex­ces­sive ac­ti­va­tion, in par­tic­u­lar the un­du­la­tors, since they are made of per­ma­nent mag­nets. Also each cold ac­cel­er­at­ing mod­ule is equipped with a BLM to mea­sure the sud­den onset of field emis­sion (dark cur­rent) in cav­i­ties. In ad­di­tion some BLMs are used as de­tec­tors for wire- scan­ners. Ex­pe­ri­ence from the al­ready run­ning BLM sys­tem in FLASH2 which is based on the same tech­nol­ogy, led to a fast im­ple­men­ta­tion of the sys­tem in the XFEL. Fur­ther firmware and server de­vel­op­ments re­lated to alarm gen­er­a­tion and han­dling are on­go­ing. The BLM sys­tems struc­ture, the cur­rent sta­tus and the dif­fer­ent pos­si­bil­i­ties to trig­ger alarms which stop the elec­tron beam will be pre­sented.
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WEPAF054	Online Multi Objective Optimisation at Diamond Light Source	1944
	M. Apollonio, R. Bartolini, R.T. Fielder, I.P.S. Martin DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom R. Bartolini JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom G. Henderson Oxford University, Physics Department, Oxford, Oxon, United Kingdom J. Rogers Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
	At Di­a­mond Light Source we have de­vel­oped an Op­ti­miza­tion Pack­age cur­rently used on­line to im­prove the per­for­mance of the ma­chine, usu­ally mea­sured in terms of life­time, in­jec­tion ef­fi­ciency or beam dis­tur­bance at in­jec­tion. The tool is flex­i­ble in that con­trol vari­ables in order to op­ti­mise ob­jec­tives (or their func­tions) can be eas­ily spec­i­fied by means of EPICS process vari­ables (PV), mak­ing it suit­able for vir­tu­ally any sort of op­ti­miza­tion. At pre­sent three dif­fer­ent al­go­rithms can be used to per­form op­ti­miza­tions in a multi-ob­jec­tive fash­ion: Multi-Ob­jec­tive Ge­netic Al­go­rithm (MOGA), Par­ti­cle Swarm Op­ti­mizer (MOPSO) and Sim­u­lated An­neal­ing (MOSA). We pre­sent a se­ries of tests aimed at char­ac­ter­iz­ing the al­go­rithm as well as im­prov­ing the per­for­mance of the ma­chine it­self.
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WEPAF055	Time-Synchronized Beam Diagnostics at SPEAR3	1948
SUSPF102	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	Q. Lin, Z.H. Sun Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China P. Boussina, W.J. Corbett, D.J. Martin, J.A. Safranek, K. Tian SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA D. Teytelman Dimtel, San Jose, USA
	The SPEAR3 tim­ing sys­tem sup­plies a 10Hz trig­ger pulse syn­chro­nous with charge in­jec­tion into the main stor­age ring. In the past the 10Hz pulse train has been used to study in­jected charge tran­sients as seen by vis­i­ble-light syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion di­ag­nos­tics and turn-by-turn BPMs. More re­cently the 10Hz pulse has been used to syn­chro­nize the bunch-by-bunch feed­back data ac­qui­si­tion sys­tem with other trig­gered di­ag­nos­tic sys­tems. The suite of mea­sure­ment sys­tems can be used to study in­jected beam dy­nam­ics, grow/damp in­sta­bil­ity tran­sients and drive/damp physics.
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WEPAF056	A Graphical User Interface for Transverse Bunch-by-Bunch Feedback at SPEAR3	1951
	K. Tian, W.J. Corbett, D.J. Martin, J.J. Sebek SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA Q. Linpresenter Donghua University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China D. Teytelman Dimtel, San Jose, USA
	Re­cently a trans­verse bunch-by-bunch feed­back kicker was in­stalled in SPEAR3 to con­trol beam in­sta­bil­i­ties, re­move un­wanted satel­lite bunches and test res­o­nant bunch ex­ci­ta­tion schemes for short pulse x-ray pro­duc­tion. In con­junc­tion with DIM­TEL pro­cess­ing elec­tron­ics, the feed­back sys­tem can suc­cess­fully sta­bi­lize un­de­sir­able beam modes and opens up the po­ten­tial for more ad­vanced in­ves­ti­ga­tions of bunch-by-bunch beam dy­nam­ics. To stream­line the process, a graph­i­cal user in­ter­face was de­vel­oped that al­lows the user to 'script' beam physics mea­sure­ments from a sin­gle panel. At the press of a but­ton the panel au­to­mat­i­cally down­loads the mea­sure­ment pa­ra­me­ters, ac­quires the raw data and pro­vides graph­i­cal dis­plays of the beam re­sponse with cal­cu­lated meta­data. In this paper we pre­sent the in­ter­face for­mat and ex­am­ples of au­to­mated mea­sure­ments.
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WEPAF057	Electron Beam Diagnostics Concept for the ELI LUX Project	1954
	K.O. Kruchinin, D. Kocon, A.Y. Molodozhentsev, L. Pribyl ELI-BEAMS, Prague, Czech Republic A. Lyapin JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
	Nowa­days the pop­u­lar­ity of Laser Wake­field Ac­cel­er­a­tors (LWFA) is in­creas­ingly grow­ing. Al­though the qual­ity of the beams pro­duced by LWFA is still lower than pro­vided by con­ven­tional ac­cel­er­a­tors, they have great po­ten­tial to be con­sid­ered as a new basis for fu­ture FELs and even col­lid­ers. Laser Un­du­la­tor X-ray (LUX) source is being com­mis­sioned at ELI-beam­lines in Czech Re­pub­lic. The goal of this ma­chine is to pro­vide pho­ton beam in so called "water win­dow" wave­length re­gion for user ex­per­i­ments. Pos­si­ble up­grade of the fa­cil­ity to­wards the LWFA based FEL is also con­sid­ered. The elec­tron beam di­ag­nos­tics is ab­solutely cru­cial for achiev­ing the aim of LUX. Spe­cific prop­er­ties of the beam pro­duced by cur­rent LWFA, such as low charge, poor beam sta­bil­ity, big beam di­ver­gence and en­ergy spread, re­quire re­think­ing and adap­ta­tion of the con­ven­tional di­ag­nos­tic tools and, in some cases, de­vel­op­ment of new ones. Ide­ally, they have to be com­pact, sta­ble, non-in­va­sive and allow mea­sure­ments in sin­gle-shot mode. In this re­port we will pre­sent an overview and de­sign con­sid­er­a­tions for the LUX elec­tron beam main di­ag­nos­tics. We will also dis­cuss the hard­ware sta­tus and fu­ture plans.
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WEPAF058	Detection of X-Rays and Charged Particles via Detuning of the Microwave Resonator	1958
	S.P. Antipov Euclid TechLabs, LLC, Solon, Ohio, USA S.V. Kuzikov Euclid Beamlabs LLC, Bolingbrook, USA S. Stoupin Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA A.A. Vikharev IAP/RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
	Funding: DOE SBIR Crit­i­cally cou­pled mi­crowave res­onator is a finely bal­anced sys­tem, re­flec­tion at the res­o­nance is vir­tu­ally zero. Small changes in di­elec­tric prop­er­ties of res­onator parts de­stroy this bal­ance, small re­flec­tion can be de­tected from the res­onator. This mea­sure­ment is used in elec­tron para­mag­netic res­o­nance stud­ies. In this paper we dis­cuss two ac­cel­er­a­tor - re­lated ap­pli­ca­tions of this tech­nol­ogy. First is re­lated to beam halo mea­sure­ment tak­ing ad­van­tage of high sen­si­tiv­ity of the mi­crowave mea­sure­ment. High en­ergy par­ti­cles cross­ing the di­a­mond in­side of a tuned res­onator in­duce a weak con­duc­tiv­ity in the sens­ing ma­te­r­ial. This small change re­sults in res­onator de­cou­pling pro­vid­ing a sig­nal pro­por­tional to a num­ber of par­ti­cles cross­ing the di­a­mond plate. Sec­ond ap­pli­ca­tion con­sid­ered is the x-ray flux mon­i­tor­ing. In this case it is x-ray in­duced pho­to­con­duc­tiv­ity which al­ters res­onator cou­pling and pro­duces a sig­nal. In­ter­est­ingly, sens­ing di­elec­tric ma­te­r­ial em­bed­ded in a res­onator can be a di­a­mond or kap­ton win­dow, re­frac­tive lens or part of a sil­i­con mono­chro­ma­tor. Thus an in­evitable x-ray ab­sorp­tion on op­ti­cal el­e­ments of the beam­line is used to mon­i­tor x-ray flux on­line.
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WEPAF059	A Low Cost Beam Position Monitor System	1961
	C.-J. Jing Euclid TechLabs, LLC, Solon, Ohio, USA J.G. Power, J.H. Shao ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA C. Yin University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
	A Beam Po­si­tion Mon­i­tor (BPM) sys­tem is es­sen­tial to beam di­ag­nos­tics for al­most all par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tors. How­ever, a typ­i­cal BPM sys­tem con­tains cus­tomized hard­ware and com­pli­cated pro­cess­ing elec­tron­ics which con­sid­er­ably drive the cost for large fa­cil­i­ties where hun­dreds of them may be used. It also lim­its its use in the small scale ac­cel­er­a­tor fa­cil­i­ties. In the paper, we pre­sent a low cost BPM sys­tem which con­sists of a com­mer­cial avail­able CF flange based sig­nal pickup de­vice, a low cost in­te­grated cir­cuit ad­ja­cent to the pickup to fil­ter, sam­ple, dig­i­tize, and broad­cast the sig­nals out of the pickup elec­trodes. The dig­i­tal sig­nal is trans­mit­ted out for post pro­cess­ing through noise-pro­tected Wi-Fi router. We will briefly dis­cuss the work­ing prin­ci­ple and ex­per­i­men­tal progress to date.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF059
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WEPAF060	Non-Invasive Bunch Length Diagnostics for High Intensity Beams	1964
	S.V. Kuzikov, S.P. Antipov Euclid TechLabs, LLC, Solon, Ohio, USA S.V. Kuzikov, A.A. Vikharev IAP/RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
	Mod­ern par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tors uti­lize pho­toin­jec­tors and com­pres­sion schemes to pro­duce short high peak cur­rent elec­tron bunches for var­i­ous ap­pli­ca­tions like x-ray free elec­tron lasers, high gra­di­ent beam dri­ven ac­cel­er­a­tion and oth­ers. Bunch length de­tec­tion is a de­sired di­ag­nos­tics for such ma­chines. In this paper we de­scribe a non-in­va­sive, real-time de­tec­tor which can be retro­fit­ted into an ex­ist­ing beam­line and mea­sure the bunch length in real time using in­ter­fer­o­met­ric meth­ods. Dif­frac­tion ra­di­a­tion is the mech­a­nism to be used to pro­duce a mea­sur­able sig­nal with­out in­ter­cept­ing the beam. This be­came pos­si­ble as sen­si­tiv­ity of py­rode­tec­tors im­proved over the years, while peak beam power grew. For high peak cur­rent beams there is a pos­si­bil­ity of a sin­gle shot mea­sure­ment. This can be done with a pair of closely placed vac­uum breaks that cre­ate a spa­tial cor­re­la­tion of the gen­er­ated sig­nals which can be mea­sured by a pyro-de­tec­tor array or a THz cam­era. The bunch length is de­ter­mined from the cor­re­la­tion data using an it­er­a­tive beam pro­file re­cov­ery al­go­rithm.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF060
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WEPAF062	Machine Learning Methods for Optics Measurements and Corrections at LHC	1967
	E. Fol, F.S. Carlierpresenter, J.M. Coello de Portugal, A. Garcia-Tabares, R. Tomás CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The ap­pli­ca­tion of ma­chine learn­ing meth­ods and con­cepts of ar­ti­fi­cial in­tel­li­gence can be found in var­i­ous in­dus­try and sci­en­tific branches. In Ac­cel­er­a­tor Physics the ma­chine learn­ing ap­proach has not found a wide ap­pli­ca­tion yet. This paper is de­voted to eval­u­a­tion of ma­chine learn­ing meth­ods aim­ing to im­prove the op­tics mea­sure­ments and cor­rec­tions at LHC. The main sub­jects of the study are de­voted to recog­ni­tion and analy­sis of faulty beam po­si­tion mon­i­tors and pre­dic­tion of quadru­pole er­rors using clus­ter­ing al­go­rithms, de­ci­sion trees and ar­ti­fi­cial neural net­works. The re­sults pre­sented in this paper clearly show the suit­abil­ity of ma­chine learn­ing meth­ods for the op­tics con­trol at LHC and the po­ten­tial for fur­ther in­ves­ti­ga­tion on ap­pro­pri­ate ap­proaches.
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WEPAF063	RF Manipulations for Special LHC-Type Beams in the CERN PS	1971
	H. Damerau, S. Hancock, A. Lasheen, D. Perrelet CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Beams with spe­cial lon­gi­tu­di­nal char­ac­ter­is­tics for the Large Hadron Col­lider (LHC) have been pro­duced in the Pro­ton Syn­chro­tron (PS) and CERN. The flex­i­bil­ity of its RF sys­tems con­sist­ing of in total 25 RF cav­i­ties at fre­quen­cies from 400 kHz to 200 MHz al­lows a va­ri­ety of lon­gi­tu­di­nal beam ma­nip­u­la­tions. In par­tic­u­lar the main RF sys­tem is split into three in­de­pen­dent groups tun­able from 2.8 MHz to 10 MHz. It is used to merge, split and change the spac­ing be­tween bunches by ap­ply­ing dif­fer­ent volt­age and phase pro­grams to the three groups of cav­i­ties at dif­fer­ent har­monic num­bers si­mul­ta­ne­ously. The batch com­pres­sion, merg­ing and split­ting (BCMS) process has been op­er­a­tionally used for LHC fill­ings since 2016. To mit­i­gate is­sues with long bunch trains in the LHC in 2017, short gaps of four bunch po­si­tions have been in­tro­duced be­tween mini-batches of eight bunches (8b4e). A higher bright­ness ver­sion re­sult­ing in four mini-batches per PS ex­trac­tion has been de­liv­ered for lu­mi­nos­ity pro­duc­tion in the LHC. This paper sum­ma­rizes the op­er­a­tional ex­pe­ri­ence and in­di­cates pos­si­ble fu­ture RF ma­nip­u­la­tion schemes.
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WEPAF064	Dependable Implementation of the Beam Interlock Mechanism in CERN Power Converter Controllers	1975
	M. Di Cosmo, Q. King, R. Murillo-Garcia, D. Nisbet, B. Todd CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	At CERN a Beam In­ter­lock Sys­tem (BIS) pro­tects ac­cel­er­a­tors from ac­ci­den­tal and un­con­trolled re­lease of beam en­ergy, avoid­ing ma­chine down­time. Through­out the ac­cel­er­a­tor com­plex nu­mer­ous crit­i­cal sub­sys­tems, in­clud­ing power con­vert­ers, in­ter­act with the BIS in­di­cat­ing their readi­ness for op­er­a­tion with beam. Power con­vert­ers play a vital role in es­tab­lish­ing op­er­a­tional con­di­tions, and an un­mit­i­gated power con­verter mal­func­tion could lead to dam­age to the ma­chine. For ex­am­ple a bend­ing mag­net con­verter set at an in­cor­rect cur­rent would re­sult in an in­cor­rect field strength, and beam pass­ing through this may im­pact and dam­age the ma­chine. A fast and de­pend­able Beam In­ter­lock Mech­a­nism is re­quired be­tween power con­vert­ers and BIS, ver­i­fy­ing that volt­age and cur­rent lev­els are within tol­er­ances. This paper de­scribes the de­sign and re­al­i­sa­tion of the Beam In­ter­lock Mech­a­nism, based on CERN's Func­tion Gen­er­a­tor Con­troller (FGC), the cen­tral pro­cess­ing unit power con­verter con­trol. Par­tic­u­lar em­pha­sis is placed on the sys­tem ar­chi­tec­ture re­quired to as­sure the in­tegrity of the power con­verter pa­ra­me­ters, and the pro­tec­tion of the CERN ac­cel­er­a­tor com­plex.
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WEPAF066	The New CLIC Main Linac Installation and Alignment Strategy	1979
	H. Mainaud Durand, J. Gaydepresenter, J. Jaros, M. Sosin, A. P. Zemanek CERN, Geneva, Switzerland V. Rude ESGT-CNAM, Le Mans, France
	A com­plete so­lu­tion has been pro­posed for the pre-align­ment of the CLIC main linac in 2012 for the Con­cep­tual De­sign Re­port. Two re­cent stud­ies pro­vide new per­spec­tives for such a pre-align­ment. First in a study on Par­ti­cle Ac­cel­er­a­tor Com­po­nents' Metrol­ogy and Align­ment to the Nanome­tre scale (PAC­MAN), new so­lu­tions to fidu­cialise and align dif­fer­ent types of com­po­nents within a mi­cro­met­ric ac­cu­racy on the same sup­port were pro­posed and val­i­dated, using a stretched wire. Sec­ondly, a 5 de­gree of free­dom ad­just­ment plat­form with plug-in mo­tors showed a very ac­cu­rate and ef­fi­cient way to ad­just re­motely com­po­nents. By com­bin­ing the re­sults of both stud­ies, two sce­nar­ios of in­stal­la­tion and align­ment for the CLIC main linac are pro­posed, pro­vid­ing mi­cro­met­ric and au­tom­a­tized so­lu­tions of mi­cro­met­ric as­sem­bly, fidu­cial­i­sa­tion and align­ment in metro­log­i­cal labs or in the tun­nel. In this paper, the out­come of the two stud­ies are pre­sented; the two sce­nar­ios of in­stal­la­tion and align­ment are then de­tailed and dis­cussed.
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WEPAF067	Alignment and Monitoring Systems for Accelerators and Experiments Based on BCAM - First Results and Benefits of Systems Developed for ATLAS, LHCb and HIE-ISOLDE	1983
	J. Gayde, B. Di Girolamo, Y. Kadi, G. Kautzmann, F. Klumb, R. Lindner, D. Mergelkuhl, L. Pontecorvo, M. Raymond, P. Sainvitu, E. Thomas CERN, Geneva, Switzerland F. Blanc, P. Stefko EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
	In the last few years align­ment and mon­i­tor­ing sys­tems based on BCAM* cam­eras ac­tive sen­sors, or their HBCAM evo­lu­tion, have been de­vel­oped at the re­quest of the Tech­ni­cal Co­or­di­na­tion of LHC ex­per­i­ments and HIE-ISOLDE fa­cil­ity Pro­ject Leader. ADEPO (ATLAS DE­tec­tor PO­si­tion) has been de­signed to speed up the pre­cise clo­sure - 0.3 mm - of large de­tec­tor parts rep­re­sent­ing in total ~2500 tons. For LHCb a sys­tem has been stud­ied and in­stalled to mon­i­tor the po­si­tions of the Inner Tracker sta­tions dur­ing the LHCb di­pole mag­net cy­cles. The MATHILDE (Mon­i­tor­ing and Align­ment Track­ing for HIE-ISOLDE) sys­tem has been de­vel­oped to ful­fil the align­ment and mon­i­tor­ing needs for com­po­nents of the LINAC en­closed in suc­ces­sive Cryo-Mod­ules. These sys­tems have been in each case con­fig­ured and adapted to the ob­jec­tives and en­vi­ron­men­tal con­di­tions: low space for in­te­gra­tion; pres­ence of mag­netic fields; ex­po­sure to non-stan­dard en­vi­ron­men­tal con­di­tions such as high vac­uum and cryo­genic tem­per­a­tures. After a short de­scrip­tion of the dif­fer­ent sys­tems and of the en­vi­ron­men­tal con­straints, this paper sum­ma­rizes their first re­sults, per­for­mances and their added value. * BCAM: Brandeis CCD Angle Monitor, http://alignment.hep.brandeis.edu/Devices/BCAM/
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WEPAF068	Frequency Scanning Interferometry as New Solution for on-Line Monitoring Inside a Cryostat for the HL-LHC project	1986
	H. Mainaud Durand, T. Dijoud, J. Gaydepresenter, F. Micolon, M. Sosin CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Duquenne, V. Rude ESGT-CNAM, Le Mans, France
	Funding: Research supported by the HL-LHC project For the HL-LHC pro­ject, the cryostats of the key com­po­nents will be equipped per­ma­nently with an on-line po­si­tion mon­i­tor­ing sys­tem based on Fre­quency Scan­ning In­ter­fer­om­e­try (FSI). Such a sys­tem, based on ab­solute dis­tance mea­sure­ment, will de­ter­mine the po­si­tion of the inner triplet cold masses w.r.t. their cryo­stat and the po­si­tion of the crab cav­i­ties also in­side their cryo­stat, within an un­cer­tainty of mea­sure­ment of 0.1 mm, in a harsh en­vi­ron­ment: cold tem­per­a­ture of 2 K and high ra­di­a­tion level of the order of 1 MGy. The FSI sys­tem was val­i­dated first suc­cess­fully on one LHC di­pole cryo­stat and its as­so­ci­ated cold mass to un­dergo qual­i­fi­ca­tion tests under dif­fer­ent con­di­tions: warm, vac­uum and cold (2K). The FSI sys­tem also equips the first crab cav­i­ties pro­to­type cryo­stat. The con­fig­u­ra­tion of the FIS sys­tem cho­sen after sim­u­la­tions, the con­di­tions of tests as well as their re­sults and analy­sis are pre­sented in this paper.
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WEPAF069	Evaluation of Frequency Scanning Interferometer Performances for Surveying, Alignment and Monitoring of Physics Instrumentation	1990
	J. Gayde, S.W. Kamugasa CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Dur­ing the last three years, the per­for­mance of Fre­quency Scan­ning In­ter­fer­om­e­try, ac­cu­rate to a few mi­crome­tres, has been eval­u­ated at CERN in the frame of the PAC­MAN pro­ject. Im­prove­ments have been stud­ied and tested to make it bet­ter suited for typ­i­cal align­ment and sur­vey con­di­tions in ac­cel­er­a­tors and ex­per­i­ments. The re­sults of these de­vel­op­ments and tests, cou­pled with the multi-chan­nel ca­pa­bil­ity of the sys­tem, and its com­pact­ness which eases its in­te­gra­tion in the area to be sur­veyed, offer a wide scope of pos­si­ble ap­pli­ca­tions for in-situ large scale metrol­ogy for physics equip­ment and fa­cil­ity el­e­ments. Fur­ther­more, the fact that the sys­tem elec­tron­ics can be placed far away from the po­si­tion to be mea­sured, al­lows the sys­tem to be used in con­fined and haz­ardous spaces. This paper briefly de­scribes the sys­tem and its im­prove­ments. It gives the pre­ci­sion ob­tained for dis­tance mea­sure­ments and for the 3D point re­con­struc­tion based on FSI ob­ser­va­tions in the case of CLIC com­po­nent fidu­cial­i­sa­tion.
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WEPAF070	Commissioning of Beam Instrumentation at the CERN AWAKE Facility After Integration of the Electron Beam Line	1993
	I. Gorgisyan, C. Bracco, S. Burger, S. Döbert, S.J. Gessner, E. Gschwendtner, L.K. Jensen, S. Jensen, S. Mazzoni, D. Medina, K. Pepitone, L. Søby, F.M. Velotti, M. Wendt CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Cascella, S. Jolly, F. Keeble, M. Wing UCL, London, United Kingdom V.A. Verzilov TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	The Ad­vanced Pro­ton Dri­ven Plasma Wake­field Ac­cel­er­a­tion Ex­per­i­ment (AWAKE) is a pro­ject at CERN aim­ing to ac­cel­er­ate an elec­tron bunch in a plasma wake­field dri­ven by a pro­ton bunch*. The plasma is in­duced in a 10 m long Ru­bid­ium vapour cell using a pulsed Ti:Sap­phire laser, with the wake­field formed by a pro­ton bunch from the CERN SPS. A 16 MeV elec­tron bunch is si­mul­ta­ne­ously in­jected into the plasma cell to be ac­cel­er­ated by the wake­field to en­er­gies in GeV range over this short dis­tance. After suc­cess­ful runs with the pro­ton and laser beams, the elec­tron beam line was in­stalled and com­mis­sioned at the end of 2017 to pro­duce and in­ject a suit­able elec­tron bunch into the plasma cell. To achieve the goals of the ex­per­i­ment, it is im­por­tant to have re­li­able beam in­stru­men­ta­tion mea­sur­ing the var­i­ous pa­ra­me­ters of the pro­ton, elec­tron and laser beams such as trans­verse po­si­tion, trans­verse pro­file as well as tem­po­ral syn­chro­niza­tion. This con­tri­bu­tion pre­sents the sta­tus of the beam in­stru­men­ta­tion in AWAKE, in­clud­ing the new in­stru­ments in­cor­po­rated into the sys­tem for mea­sure­ments with the elec­tron beam line, and re­ports on the per­for­mance achieved dur­ing the AWAKE runs in 2017. * Gschwendtner E., et al. "AWAKE, the Advanced Proton Driven Plasma Wakefield Experiment at CERN", NIM A 829 (2016)76-82
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WEPAF072	Transverse Feedback System for the CERN FCC-hh Collider	1997
	W. Höfle, J. Komppula, G. Kotzian, K.S.B. Li, D. Valuch CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	For the fu­ture hadron Col­lider (FCC-hh) being stud­ied at CERN a strong trans­verse feed­back sys­tem is re­quired to damp cou­pled bunch in­sta­bil­i­ties. This sys­tem is also planned to be used for in­jec­tion damp­ing. Based on the LHC trans­verse feed­back de­sign we de­rive re­quire­ments for power and kick strength for this sys­tem for the dif­fer­ent op­tions of bunch spac­ing, 25 ns and 5 ns, and in­jec­tion en­ergy. Op­er­a­tion at high gain and close to a half in­te­ger tune is being con­sid­ered and con­strains the lay­out and sig­nal pro­cess­ing. Re­quire­ments for the pick-up res­o­lu­tion are de­rived from the need to keep the emit­tance in­crease small. The per­for­mance is eval­u­ated using nu­mer­i­cal sim­u­la­tions based on the head­tail code. Fu­ture areas of re­search and de­vel­op­ment and pos­si­ble pro­to­type de­vel­op­ments are out­lined.
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WEPAF073	Ultra-Wideband Transverse Intra-Bunch Feedback: Beginning Development of a Next Generation 8GSa/s System	2001
	J.E. Dusatko, J.D. Fox SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Funding: US Department of Energy DE-AC02-76SF00515, US LHC Accelerator Research Program, CERN LHC Injector Upgrade Project and the US-Japan Cooperative Program in High Energy Physics. Build­ing on the suc­cess of our 4GSa/s wide­band trans-verse feed­back sys­tem, we have begun de­vel­op­ment of a next gen­er­a­tion ul­tra-wide­band feed­back proces­sor which dou­bles the ef­fec­tive sam­pling rate to 8GSa/s. This higher sam­pling rate and pro­por­tional in­crease in ana­log band-width en­able en­hanced flex­i­bil­ity and di­ag­nos­tics for ac­cel­er­a­tor trans­verse feed­back such as con­trol of higher-or­der modes, more de­tailed di­ag­nos­tic in­for­ma­tion, im-proved SNR and two chan­nel pro­cess­ing of total charge and orbit sig­nals, with mul­ti­ple pick­ups. Though tar­geted for on­go­ing trans­verse in­tra-bunch in­sta­bil­ity stud­ies at the CERN SPS with a 1.7ns bunch length, the in­creased per­for­mance paves the way for in­sta­bil­ity con­trol and di­ag­nos­tics ap­pli­ca­tions for other ma­chines such as the HL-LHC and FCC. This paper dis­cusses the be­gin­ning de­vel­op­ment process in­clud­ing an eval­u­a­tion of the high-est speed AtoD and DtoA data con­verter de­vices at time of this writ­ing and se­lec­tion of the de­vices used in our de­sign. It then de­scribes the ar­chi­tec­ture of the full 8GSa/s pro­to­type feed­back proces­sor and the de­sign ap­proach, which in­volves using both cus­tom and com­mer­cial com­po­nents en­abling rapid and flex­i­ble de­vel­op­ment.
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WEPAF074	Non-invasive Beam Diagnostics with Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation	2005
	T. Lefèvre, M. Bergamaschi, O.R. Jones, R. Kieffer, S. Mazzoni CERN, Geneva, Switzerland L.Y. Bartnik, M.G. Billing, Y.B.P. Bordlemay Padilla, J.V. Conway, M.J. Forster, J.P. Shanks, S. Wang Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA M. Bergamaschi, P. Karataev Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom V.V. Bleko, A.S. Konkov, J.S. Markova, A. Potylitsyn TPU, Tomsk, Russia L. Bobb DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom K. Lekomtsev JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
	Based on re­cent mea­sure­ments of in­co­her­ent Cherenkov Dif­frac­tion Ra­di­a­tion (ChDR) per­formed on the Cor­nell Elec­tron Stor­age Ring, we pre­sent here a con­cept for the cen­ter­ing of charged par­ti­cle beams when pass­ing close to di­elec­tric ma­te­r­ial. This would find ap­pli­ca­tions as beam in­stru­men­ta­tion in di­elec­tric cap­il­lary tubes, typ­i­cally used in novel ac­cel­er­at­ing tech­nolo­gies, as well as in col­li­ma­tors using bent crys­tals for high-en­ergy, high-in­ten­sity hadron beams, such as the Large Hadron Col­lid-er or Fu­ture Cir­cu­lar Col­lider. As a charged par­ti­cle beam trav­els at a dis­tance of a few mm or less from the sur­face of a di­elec­tric ma­te­r­ial, in­co­her­ent ChDR is pro­duced in­side the di­elec­tric. The pho­tons are emit­ted at a large and well-de­fined angle that al­lows their de­tec­tion with a lim­ited con­tri­bu­tion of back­ground light. A set of ChDR de­tec­tors dis­trib­uted around a di­elec­tric would en­able both the beam po­si­tion and tilt angle to be mea­sured with a good res­o­lu­tion.
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WEPAF075	Availability Allocation to Particle Accelerators Subsystems by Complexity Criteria	2009
	O. Rey Orozko, A. Apollonio, M. Jonker, J.A. Uythoven CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	In the early de­sign stages of an ac­cel­er­a­tor, an ef­fec­tive al­lo­ca­tion method is needed to trans­late an over­all ac­cel­er­a­tor avail­abil­ity goal into avail­abil­ity re­quire­ments for its sub­sys­tems. Dur­ing the al­lo­ca­tion process, many fac­tors are con­sid­ered to ob­tain so-called ‘com­plex­ity weights', which are at the basis of the sys­tem avail­abil­ity al­lo­ca­tion. Some of these fac­tors can be mea­sured quan­ti­ta­tively while other have to be as­sessed qual­i­ta­tively. Based on our analy­sis of fac­tors af­fect­ing avail­abil­ity, we list six cri­te­ria for com­plex­ity re­sult­ing in an avail­abil­ity al­lo­ca­tion of ac­cel­er­a­tor sub­sys­tems. Sys­tem ex­perts de­ter­mine the scales of fac­tors and re­la­tion­ships be­tween sub­sys­tems. In this paper, we con­sider four avail­abil­ity ap­por­tion­ment tech­niques to al­lo­cate com­plex­ity weights to sub­sys­tems. Fi­nally, we apply this method to the Com­pact Lin­ear Col­lider (CLIC) and we pro­pose an­other ap­pli­ca­tion of the com­plex­ity weights to the Large Hadron Col­lider (LHC).
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF075
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WEPAF076	Availability Studies Comparing Drive Beam and Klystron Options for the Compact Linear Collider	2013
	O. Rey Orozko, S. Döbert, M. Jonker CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The ini­tial pro­posal for the Com­pact Lin­ear Col­lider (CLIC) is based on a two beam-scheme to ac­cel­er­ate the main col­lid­ing beams. For low col­li­sion en­er­gies, the main beam could also be ac­cel­er­ated by pow­er­ing the ac­cel­er­at­ing struc­tures with kly­strons in­stead of the two-beam scheme. This paper stud­ies the fea­si­bil­ity of this new al­ter­na­tive in terms of ma­chine avail­abil­ity. An im­ple­mented bot­tom-up avail­abil­ity model con­sid­ers the com­po­nents fail­ure modes to es­ti­mate the over­all avail­abil­ity of the sys­tem. The model is de­fined within a Com­mon Input For­mat scheme and the Avail­Sim3 soft­ware pack­age is used for avail­abil­ity sim­u­la­tions. This paper gives an overview of the sys­tems af­fect­ing the beam pow­er­ing avail­abil­ity and makes rec­om­men­da­tions for avail­abil­ity im­prove­ments.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF076
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WEPAF077	Performance Evaluation of Linac4 During the Reliability Run	2016
	O. Rey Orozko, A. Apollonio, S.S. Erhard, G. Guidoboni, B. Mikulec, J.A. Uythoven CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Linac4 will re­place Linac2 as the first el­e­ment in the CERN pro­ton in­jec­tor chain from 2020 on­wards, fol­low­ing the sec­ond LHC long shut­down (LS2). With more than three times higher en­ergy and num­ber of compo-nents than Linac2, beam avail­abil­ity is one of the main chal­lenges of Linac4. In­tended as a smooth tran­si­tion from com­mis­sion­ing to op­er­a­tion, a Linac4 Re­li­a­bil­ity Run was started in July 2017 and is fore­seen to last until mid-May 2018. The goal is to achieve the tar­get avail­abil­ity of 95 %. This im­plies con­sol­i­dated rou­tine op­er­a­tion and iden­ti­fi­ca­tion of re­cur­ring prob­lems. This paper in­tro­duces the sched­ule and op­er­a­tional as­pects of the Linac4 Re­li­a­bil­ity Run, in­clud­ing the de­vel­oped tools and meth­ods for avail­abil­ity track­ing. The paper also sum­ma­rizes the lessons learned dur­ing the first pe­riod of the Linac4 Re­li­a­bil­ity Run with re­spect to fault track­ing and pro­vides an in-depth analy­sis of the fail­ure modes and ob­served avail­abil­ity.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF077
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WEPAF078	Machine Learning Applied at the LHC for Beam Loss Pattern Classification	2020
	G. Valentino University of Malta, Information and Communication Technology, Msida, Malta B. Salvachuapresenter CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Beam losses at the LHC are con­stantly mon­i­tored be­cause they can heav­ily im­pact the per­for­mance of the ma­chine. One of the high­est risks is to quench the LHC su­per­con­duct­ing mag­nets in the pres­ence of losses lead­ing to a long ma­chine down­time in order to re­cover cryo­genic con­di­tions. Smaller losses are more likely to occur and have an im­pact on the ma­chine per­for­mance, re­duc­ing the lu­mi­nos­ity pro­duc­tion or re­duc­ing the life­time of ac­cel­er­a­tor sys­tems due to ra­di­a­tion ef­fects, such as mag­nets. Un­der­stand­ing the char­ac­ter­is­tics of the beam loss, such as the beam and the plane, is cru­cial in order to cor­rect them. Reg­u­larly dur­ing the year, ded­i­cated loss map mea­sure­ments are per­formed in order to val­i­date the beam halo clean­ing of the col­li­ma­tion sys­tem. These loss maps have the par­tic­u­lar ad­van­tage that they are per­formed in well con­trolled con­di­tions and can there­fore be used by a ma­chine learn­ing al­go­rithm to clas­sify the type of losses dur­ing the LHC ma­chine cycle. This study shows the re­sult of the beam loss clas­si­fi­ca­tion and its ret­ro­spec­tive ap­pli­ca­tion to beam loss data from the 2017 run.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF078
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WEPAF079	A Smart Framework for the Availability and Reliability Assessment and Management of Accelerators Technical Facilities	2024
	L. Serio, A. Castellano, U. Gentile CERN, Geneva, Switzerland F. Antonello, P. Baraldi, E. Zio Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
	CERN op­er­ates and main­tains a large and com­plex tech­ni­cal in­fra­struc­ture serv­ing the ac­cel­er­a­tor com­plex and ex­per­i­ments de­tec­tors. A per­for­mance as­sess­ment and en­hance­ment frame­work based on data min­ing, ar­ti­fi­cial in­tel­li­gence and ma­chine-learn­ing al­go­rithms is under de­vel­op­ment with the ob­jec­tive of struc­tur­ing, col­lect­ing and an­a­lyz­ing sys­tems and equip­ment op­er­a­tion and fail­ure data, to guide the iden­ti­fi­ca­tion and im­ple­men­ta­tion of ad­e­quate cor­rec­tive, pre­ven­tive and con­sol­i­da­tion in­ter­ven­tions. The frame­work is de­signed to col­lect and struc­ture the data, iden­tify and an­a­lyze the as­so­ci­ated dri­ving events. It de­vel­ops dy­nam­i­cally func­tional de­pen­den­cies and logic trees, de­scrip­tive and pre­dic­tive mod­els to sup­port op­er­a­tion and main­te­nance ac­tiv­i­ties to im­prove the re­li­a­bil­ity and avail­abil­ity of the in­stal­la­tions. To val­i­date the per­for­mance of the frame­work and qual­ity of the al­go­rithms sev­eral case stud­ies are being car­ried out. We re­port on the de­sign, im­ple­men­ta­tion and on the pre­lim­i­nary re­sults in­ferred on his­tor­i­cal and live stream data from CERN's tech­ni­cal in­fra­struc­ture. Pro­posal for the full de­ploy­ment and ex­pected long-term ca­pa­bil­i­ties will also be dis­cussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF079
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WEPAF080	Beam Size Measurements Based on Movable Quadrupolar Pick-ups	2028
	A. Sounas, M. Gąsior, T. Lefèvre, A. Mereghetti, J. Olexa, S. Redaelli, G. Valentino CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Mea­sure­ments with quadrupo­lar pick-ups (PU) have at­tracted par­tic­u­lar in­ter­est as non-in­ter­cept­ing di­ag­nos­tics for de­ter­min­ing the trans­verse beam size. They are based on pro­cess­ing the sig­nals of an elec­tro­mag­netic PU for the ex­trac­tion of the sec­ond-or­der mo­ment, which con­tains in­for­ma­tion about the beam size. De­spite the sim­plic­ity of the con­cept, quadrupolo­lar mea­sure­ments have al­ways been highly chal­leng­ing in re­al­ity. This comes from the fact that the quadrupo­lar mo­ment con­sti­tutes only a very small part of the total PU sig­nal dom­i­nated by the in­ten­sity and the po­si­tion sig­nals. There­fore, the beam size in­for­ma­tion can eas­ily be lost due to small im­per­fec­tions in the sig­nal pro­cess­ing chain, such as asym­me­tries in the elec­tron­ics and ca­bles. In this paper, we pre­sent a new method for quadrupo­lar mea­sure­ments using mov­able PUs. Through po­si­tion and aper­ture scans, our tech­nique min­i­mizes the par­a­sitic beam po­si­tion sig­nal and takes into ac­count im­per­fec­tions of the PU, ca­bles and elec­tron­ics, thus en­abling an ef­fi­cient auto-cal­i­bra­tion of the mea­sure­ment sys­tem. Pre­lim­i­nary stud­ies, using col­li­ma­tors with em­bed­ded elec­tro­sta­tic PUs in the LHC at CERN, have shown very promis­ing re­sults.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF080
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WEPAF081	An Enhanced Quench Detection System for Main Quadrupole Magnets in the Large Hadron Collider	2032
	J. Spasic, D.O. Calcoen, R. Denz, V. Froidbise, S. Georgakakis, T. Podzorny, A.P. Siemko, J. Steckert CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	To fur­ther im­prove the per­for­mance and re­li­a­bil­ity of the quench de­tec­tion sys­tem (QDS) for main quadru­pole mag­nets in the Large Hadron Col­lider (LHC), there is a planned up­grade of the sys­tem dur­ing the long shut­down pe­riod of the LHC in 2019-2020. While im­prov­ing the al­ready ex­ist­ing func­tion­al­i­ties of quench de­tec­tion for quadru­pole mag­nets and field-bus data ac­qui­si­tion, the en­hanced QDS will in­cor­po­rate new func­tion­al­i­ties to strengthen and im­prove the sys­tem op­er­a­tion and main­te­nance. The new func­tion­al­i­ties com­prise quench heater su­per­vi­sion, in­ter­lock loop mon­i­tor­ing, power cy­cling pos­si­bil­ity for the whole QDS and its data ac­qui­si­tion part, mon­i­tor­ing and syn­chro­niza­tion of trig­ger sig­nals, and mon­i­tor­ing of power sup­plies. In ad­di­tion, the sys­tem will have two re­dun­dant power sup­ply feeds. Given that the en­hanced QDS units will re­place the ex­ist­ing QDS units in the LHC tun­nel, the units will be ex­posed to el­e­vated lev­els of ion­iz­ing ra­di­a­tion. There­fore, it is nec­es­sary to de­sign a ra­di­a­tion tol­er­ant de­tec­tion sys­tem. In this work, an overview of the de­sign so­lu­tion for such en­hanced QDS is pre­sented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF081
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WEPAF082	A Systematic Analysis of the Prompt Dose Distribution at the Large Hadron Collider	2036
	O. Stein, K. Bilko, M. Brugger, S. Danzeca, D. Di Francesca, R. Garcia Alia, Y. Kadi, G. Li Vecchi, C. Martinella CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Dur­ing the op­er­a­tion of the Large Hadron Col­lider (LHC) the con­tin­u­ous par­ti­cle losses cre­ate a mixed par­ti­cle ra­di­a­tion field in the LHC tun­nel and the ad­ja­cent cav­erns. Ex­posed elec­tron­ics and ac­cel­er­a­tor com­po­nents show dose de­pen­dent ac­cel­er­ated aging ef­fects. In order to achieve an op­ti­mal life­time as­so­ci­ated to ra­di­a­tion dam­age, the po­si­tion of the equip­ment is cho­sen in de­pen­dency of the am­pli­tude of the ra­di­a­tion fields. Based on the con­tin­u­ous analy­sis of the data from more than 3900 ion­i­sa­tion cham­ber beam loss mon­i­tors the evo­lu­tion of the ra­di­a­tion lev­els is mon­i­tored dur­ing the ac­cel­er­a­tor op­er­a­tion. Nor­mal­is­ing the ra­di­a­tion fields with ei­ther the in­te­grated lu­mi­nos­ity or the in­te­grated in­ten­si­ties al­lows ex­trap­o­lat­ing the ra­di­a­tion lev­els of fu­ture ac­cel­er­a­tor op­er­a­tion. In this paper, the gen­eral ra­di­a­tion lev­els in the arcs and the in­ser­tion re­gions at the LHC and their evo­lu­tion will be pre­sented. The changes in the prompt dose dis­tri­b­u­tion along the LHC be­tween the op­er­a­tion in 2016 and 2017 will be dis­cussed. The im­pact of dif­fer­ent ac­cel­er­a­tor set­tings on the local dose dis­tri­b­u­tion will be ad­dressed as well.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF082
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WEPAF083	Distributed Optical Fiber Radiation Sensing at CERN	2039
	G. Li Vecchi, M. Brugger, S. Danzeca, D. Di Francesca, R. Ferraro, Y. Kadi, O. Steinpresenter CERN, Geneva, Switzerland S. Girard Univ-Lyon Laboratoire H. Curien, UMR CNRS 5516, Saint Etienne, France
	The CERN's ac­cel­er­a­tor tun­nels are as­so­ci­ated with very com­plex mixed field ra­di­a­tion en­vi­ron­ments. Ra­di­a­tion de­grades elec­tronic com­po­nents and di­rectly af­fects their life­times caus­ing fail­ures that con­tribute to the ma­chine down­time pe­ri­ods. In our con­tri­bu­tion, we will re­port on the de­vel­op­ment and first em­ploy­ment of a Dis­trib­uted Op­ti­cal Fiber Ra­di­a­tion Sen­sor (DOFRS) at CERN. The most in­ter­est­ing fea­ture of DOFRS tech­nol­ogy is to pro­vide an on­line and spa­tially dis­trib­uted map of the dose lev­els in large ma­chines with spa­tial res­o­lu­tion of the order of one meter. This fiber based dose sen­sor will pro­vide valu­able in­for­ma­tion in ad­di­tion to the cur­rently in­stalled ac­tive and pas­sive dosime­ters. After demon­strat­ing the work­ing prin­ci­ple of DOFRS*, the first op­er­a­tional pro­to­type was in­stalled in the Pro­ton Syn­chro­tron Booster dur­ing last 2016/17 end-of-the-year tech­ni­cal stop. The DOFRS has been ac­quir­ing data suc­cess­fully since the be­gin­ning of 2017 op­er­a­tions. The per­for­mances that were achieved by the first pro­to­type will be dis­cussed in the final con­tri­bu­tion. The DOFRS mea­sure­ments will also be bench-marked to the re­sults pro­vided by other punc­tual dosime­ters. *I. Toccafondo et al., 'Distributed Optical Fiber Radiation Sensing in a Mixed-Field Radiation Environment at CERN,' J. Lightw. Technol. 35, 3303, 3310, 2017.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF083
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WEPAF084	Commissioning the ELENA Beam Diagnostics Systems at CERN	2043
	G. Tranquille, S. Burger, M. Gąsior, P. Grandemange, T.E. Levens, O. Marqversen, L. Søby CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The Extra Low EN­ergy An­tipro­ton ring (ELENA) at CERN en­tered the com­mis­sion­ing phase in No­vem­ber 2016 using H− ions and an­tipro­tons to setup the ma­chine at the dif­fer­ent en­ergy plateaus. The low in­ten­si­ties and en­ergy of the ELENA beam gen­er­ate very weak sig­nals mak­ing beam di­ag­nos­tics very chal­leng­ing. With a cir­cu­lat­ing beam cur­rent of less than 1 μA and an en­ergy where the beam an­ni­hi­lates in less than a few mi­crons of mat­ter, spe­cial care was taken dur­ing the de­sign phase to en­sure an op­ti­mal per­for­mance of these mea­sure­ment de­vices once in­stalled on the ring and trans­fer lines. A year on we pre­sent the per­for­mance of the var­i­ous de­vices that have been de­ployed to mea­sure the beam pa­ra­me­ters from the ex­trac­tion point of the An­tipro­ton De­cel­er­a­tor (AD), through the ELENA ring and in the ex­per­i­men­tal lines.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF084
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WEPAF085	Upgrade of the CERN SPS Beam Position Measurement System	2047
	M. Wendt, M. Barros Marin, A. Boccardi, T.B. Bogey, V. Kain, C. Moran Guizan, A. Topaloudis CERN, Geneva, Switzerland I. Degl'Innocenti Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
	The CERN Super Pro­ton Syn­chro­tron (SPS) is a fast cy­cling hadron ac­cel­er­a­tor de­liv­er­ing pro­tons with mo­menta of up to 450 GeV/c for the Large Hadron Col­lider (LHC), fixed tar­get ex­per­i­ments and other users such as the AWAKE plasma ac­cel­er­a­tion ex­per­i­ment, and also used to ac­cel­er­ate heavy ions. This paper pre­sents the up­grade ini­tia­tive for the SPS beam po­si­tion mea­sure­ment sys­tem in the frame of the CERN LHC In­jec­tor Up­grade (LIU) pro­ject. The new SPS beam po­si­tion read-out elec­tron­ics will be based on log­a­rith­mic am­pli­fiers, using sig­nals pro­vided by the 216 ex­ist­ing beam po­si­tion mon­i­tors, the ma­jor­ity of which are based on split-plane 'shoe­box' tech­nol­ogy. It will need to cover a dy­namic range suf­fi­cient to man­age the wide range of SPS beam in­ten­si­ties and bunch for­mat­ting schemes to pro­vide turn-by-turn and av­er­aged beam or­bits along the SPS ac­cel­er­a­tion cy­cles. In order to avoid long coax­ial ca­bles, the front-end elec­tron­ics in­clud­ing the digi­ti­sa­tion, will be lo­cated in­side the ac­cel­er­a­tor tun­nel, with op­ti­cal trans­mis­sion to sur­face pro­cess­ing elec­tron­ics. This rep­re­sents an ad­di­tional chal­lenge in terms of ra­di­a­tion tol­er­ance of elec­tron­ics com­po­nents and ma­te­ri­als.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF085
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WEPAF086	Latest Developments and Updates of the ESS Linac Simulator	2051
	J.F. Esteban Müller, E. Laface ESS, Lund, Sweden
	A fast and ac­cu­rate on­line model is re­quired for op­ti­mal com­mis­sion­ing and re­li­able op­er­a­tion of the high-power pro­ton linac at the Eu­ro­pean Spal­la­tion Source. The Open XAL frame­work, ini­tially de­vel­oped at SNS, is used at ESS for the de­vel­op­ment of high-level physics ap­pli­ca­tions. The on­line model we use, known as ESS Linac Sim­u­la­tor (JELS), ex­tends the Open XAL model with sev­eral fea­tures. This paper de­scribes the lat­est up­dates car­ried out to JELS. Two new el­e­ments have been im­ple­mented: a so­le­noid field map for the LEBT and a DTL Tank el­e­ment that au­to­mat­i­cally cal­cu­lates each gap phase. All cal­cu­la­tions are now done in the lab­o­ra­tory frame, in agree­ment with Open XAL con­ven­tion. A thor­ough bench­mark of the model against TraceWin, which is the tool used for the lat­tice de­sign, is also pre­sented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF086
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WEPAF087	The First Experience and Results of Beam Diagnostics Deployment at the ESS Accelerator	2054
	V. Grishin, E.C. Bergman, B. Cheymol, C.S. Derrez, T.J. Grandsaert, H. Hassanzadegan, A. Jansson, H. Kocevar, Ø. Midttun, S. Molloy, J. Norin, T.J. Shea, C.A. Thomas ESS, Lund, Sweden W. Ledda Vitrociset s.p.a, Roma, Italy F. Senée, O. Tuske CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
	The Eu­ro­pean Spal­la­tion Source (ESS) will pro­duce neu­trons for sci­ence by sub­ject­ing a tung­sten tar­get to the high-in­ten­sity pro­ton beam from a su­per­con­duct­ing lin­ear ac­cel­er­a­tor. A com­plete suite of beam di­ag­nos­tics will en­able tun­ing, mon­i­tor­ing and pro­tec­tion of the ac­cel­er­a­tor dur­ing com­mis­sion­ing, stud­ies and op­er­a­tion. As an ini­tial step to­ward neu­tron pro­duc­tion, the Ion Source and the 75 keV Low En­ergy Trans­port Line is in­stalled on the ESS site in Lund, Swe­den. To sup­port the com­mis­sion­ing and char­ac­ter­i­za­tion of this first beam-pro­duc­ing sys­tem, a sub­set of the full di­ag­nos­tics suite is de­ployed. This in­cludes the fol­low­ing equip­ment: a fara­day cup, cur­rent trans­form­ers, an emit­tance mea­sure­ment unit, beam-in­duced flu­o­res­cence mon­i­tors, and a doppler-shift spec­troscopy sys­tem. All as­pects of the de­ploy­ment ex­pe­ri­ence, from ac­cep­tance test­ing through in­stal­la­tion, ver­i­fi­ca­tion, and com­mis­sion­ing will be pre­sented. *Beam Instrumentation
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WEPAF088	Machine Protection Features of the ESS Beam Current Monitor System	2058
	H. Hassanzadegan, E. Bargalló, S.G. Gabourin, T. Korhonen, S. Kövecses de Carvalho, A. Nordt, T.J. Shea ESS, Lund, Sweden M. Mohammednezhad Sigma Connectivity Engineering, Lund, Sweden M. Werner DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The BCM sys­tem of the Eu­ro­pean Spal­la­tion Source in­cludes sev­eral ma­chine pro­tec­tion fea­tures to en­sure that the ac­tual beam pa­ra­me­ters will be con­sis­tent with the se­lected beam and des­ti­na­tion modes. Dif­fer­en­tial cur­rent mea­sure­ments with sev­eral ACCT pairs are fore­seen to de­tect beam losses par­tic­u­larly in the low-en­ergy linac where Beam Loss Mon­i­tors can­not be used. The ACCTs will also be used to check that no beam will be pre­sent in the sec­tions down­stream of a tem­po­rary beam dump. These mea­sure­ments will then be used to stop the beam shortly after an ab­nor­mal con­di­tion has been de­tected by the BCM sys­tem. This will re­quire some cus­tomized in­ter­faces with the Tim­ing Sys­tem and the Ma­chine Pro­tec­tion Sys­tem as well as an op­ti­cal in­ter­face for dif­fer­en­tial cur­rent mea­sure­ment over large dis­tances. Au­to­matic set­ting of the ma­chine pro­tec­tion thresh­olds and mask­ing/un­mask­ing of the in­ter­locks based on the beam and des­ti­na­tion modes are among the tech­ni­cal com­plex­i­ties. This paper gives an overview of the de­sign in­clud­ing the most re­cent up­dates and dis­cusses in more de­tails the ma­chine pro­tec­tion fea­tures of the BCM sys­tem.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF088
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WEPAF090	CS-Studio Operator Training at ReA3	2061
	T. Summers, D.B. Crisp NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA A.C.C. Villaripresenter FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-1565546 In the past year, Con­trol Sys­tem Stu­dio (CS-Stu­dio) has be­come the pre­dom­i­nant graph­i­cal user in­ter­face tool at ReA3, the 3 MeV/u rare iso­tope beam Reac­cel­er­a­tor at Michi­gan State Uni­ver­sity's Na­tional Su­per­con­duct­ing Cy­clotron Lab­o­ra­tory. CS-Stu­dio is a set of con­trol sys­tem in­ter­face tools that in­clude op­er­a­tor in­ter­faces, his­tory plots, an alarm han­dler, save/re­store, scan­ning, and more. Be­com­ing an ef­fec­tive user of these tools takes con­sid­er­able time and train­ing. This con­tri­bu­tion will de­scribe the chal­lenges and strate­gies for train­ing op­er­a­tors on the gen­eral use of the CS-Stu­dio tools. It will de­scribe the use of a sim­u­lated user in­ter­face en­vi­ron­ment for train­ing op­er­a­tors at any time with­out af­fect­ing the op­er­at­ing fa­cil­ity.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-WEPAF090
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