Keyword: extraction
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MOAB3 Commissioning Results of the New BPM Electronics of the ESRF Booster Synchrotron booster, electronics, injection, controls 24
 
  • M. Cargnelutti
    I-Tech, Solkan, Slovenia
  • K.B. Scheidt
    ESRF, Grenoble, France
  
  The 75 BPM stations of the Booster Synchrotron of the ESRF have been equiped with new RF electronics from December 2014. This new BPM system is based on the commercial Libera-Spark system and now provides beam position data at various output rates, and with a possible time resolution even below that of the orbit-turn time (1 us). All modules are situated inside the Booster tunnel and powered by an Ethernet cable. This implies that the RF cables from the BPM blocks are less then 3 m and only a single trigger signal in daisy chain is sufficient to keep the 75 stations in turn-by-turn phase over the full energy ramping (200 MeV to 6 GeV) time of typically 50 ms. The high sensitivity of the system yields excellent performance at very low beam currents down to 1 0uA. Full results of the system, including the application as a high quality betatron tune monitor, will be presented.  
slides icon Slides MOAB3 [5.781 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOAB3  
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MOBB1 Status of the Proton Beam Commissioning at the MedAustron Ion Beam Therapy Centre injection, proton, acceleration, synchrotron 28
 
  • A. Garonna, M. Kronberger, T.K.D. Kulenkampff, C. Kurfürst, F. Osmić, L.C. Penescu, M.T.F. Pivi, C. Schmitzer, P. Urschütz, A. Wastl
    EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
  
  The MedAustron accelerator, located in Wiener Neustadt (Austria), will deliver clinical beams of protons (60-250 MeV) and carbon ions (120-400 MeV/n) to three ion beam therapy irradiation rooms (IR). Clinical beams and proton beams up to 800 MeV will be provided in a fourth IR, dedicated to non-clinical research. A slow-extracted proton beam of maximum clinical energy has been delivered for the first time in IR3 in October 2014, thus providing the technical proof-of-principle of the accelerator chain. The recent related beam commissioning efforts included setting up of the multi-turn injection into the synchrotron at 7 MeV, the acceleration on first harmonic up to 250 MeV, the slow extraction on the third integer resonance with a betatron core and the matching of the High Energy Beam Transfer line. The accelerator optimization phase leading to IR3 medical commissioning of proton beams is ongoing. The main characteristics of the MedAustron accelerator system will be presented, along with the results obtained during the commissioning process.  
slides icon Slides MOBB1 [6.596 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOBB1  
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MOPWA010 Emittances of the Core and of the Halo emittance, linac, space-charge, simulation 99
 
  • M. Valette, P.A.P. Nghiem
    CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  In high intensity accelerators, the beam is often space charge dominated. The density profile then takes a shape very different from a Gaussian one, with a more or less sharp core and a more or less compact halo. Furthermore, the core and the halo can be differently focused and thus differently oriented in the phase spaces. In these conditions, classically characterizing the beam by a global set of rms values, namely Emittance and Twiss parameters, is no more meaningful. This paper extends the core-halo limit defined ealier in 1D real space * to the 2D phase space, allowing to define for the very first time Emittances and Twiss parameters for the core and the halo separately. Applications to the IFMIF accelerators are given as an example of more appropriate beam characterization for high intensity linacs.
* P. A. P. Nghiem et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 104, 074109 (2014) 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPWA010  
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MOPWA060 THE COUPLING IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT OF THE FAST EXTRACTION KICKER IN CSNS/RCS * impedance, kicker, coupling, proton 262
 
  • L. Huang, Y.D. Liu, S. Wang
    IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
  
  Rapid Cycling Synchrotron of the China Spallation Neutron Source is a high intensity proton accelerator. In order to high intensity beam operation, the beam coupling impedance of the extracted kickers must be controlled. The measurement of longitudinal and transverse coupling impedance of the extraction kicker is described.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11175193, 11275221) 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPWA060  
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MOPJE045 Fixed Points in Presence of Space Charge in Circular Particle Accelerators space-charge, vacuum, simulation, resonance 389
 
  • M. Giovannozzi, S.S. Gilardoni, A. Huschauer
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • S. Machida, C.R. Prior, S.L. Sheehy
    STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  
  Recent measurements performed in the framework of the multi-turn extraction (MTE) studies showed a dependence of the position of beamlets obtained by crossing a stable transverse resonance on the total beam intensity. This novel observation has triggered a number of studies aiming at understanding the source of the observed effect. In this paper the results of numerical simulations performed in different conditions are discussed in detail.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPJE045  
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MOPJE048 Electron-Cloud Studies for Transversely Split Beams electron, resonance, simulation, injection 399
 
  • N. Pradhan, S.S. Gilardoni, M. Giovannozzi, G. Iadarola, G. Rumolo
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • N. Pradhan
    UMiss, University, Mississippi, USA
  
  Recently, resonance crossing has been proposed as a means of manipulating the transverse beam distribution. This technique has application, among other topics, to injection and extraction schemes. Moreover, the transversely split beams might also be used as a mitigation measure of electron-cloud effects. The results of detailed numerical simulations are discussed in this paper, possibly opening new options for scrubbing of beam pipes in circular accelerators.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPJE048  
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MOPJE059 Tests of Wakefield-Free Steering at ATF2 wakefield, emittance, cavity, alignment 438
 
  • A. Latina, J. Pfingstner, D. Schulte
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • E. Adli
    University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
  • N. Fuster-Martínez
    IFIC, Valencia, Spain
  • J. Snuverink
    JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
  
  Charge-dependent effects on the orbit and on the beam size affect the performance of the Accelerator Test Facility (ATF2) in a non-negligible way. Until now small beam sizes have only been achieved running with a beam charge significantly smaller than the nominal value. These detrimental effects on the beam have been attributed to wakefields, in the cavity BPMs, in the multi-Optical Transition Radiation (OTR) systems as well as in other components of the beamline. The successful tests of a Wakefield-free Steering (WFS) algorithm at FACET have encouraged performing tests of the same correction scheme at ATF2. The performance of the algorithm has been simulated in detail, including several realistic imperfection scenarios, including charge-dependent BPMs resolution, and incoming injection error and position jitters, which are described in this paper. Tests of WFS have been performed at ATF2 during December 2014. The results are discussed here.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPJE059  
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MOPJE065 Contribution of Optical Aberrations to Spot-size Increase with Bunch Intensity at ATF2 emittance, damping, optics, simulation 455
 
  • M. Patecki, R. Tomás, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • K. Kubo, S. Kuroda, T. Naito, T. Okugi, T. Tauchi, N. Terunuma
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • M. Patecki
    Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
  • G.R. White
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  A primary goal of ATF2 (Accelerator Test Facility) is to demonstrate a low vertical beam size at the interaction point (IP) of about 37 nm. Measurements over the past years indicate that the ATF2 vertical beam size strongly rises with bunch intensity. Several different origins of this increase are considered, e.g. wakefields occurring between the ATF damping ring and the IP, and/or intrabeam scattering (IBS) causing the increase of transverse emittances and energy spread in the damping ring with the increase of the bunch intensity. In this paper we address the second possibility. Past measurements and simulations of the IBS effects in the ATF are used to model the intensity-dependent initial emittances and energy spread at the entrance of the final focus. Particle tracking simulations predict the IP vertical beam size growth expected from the known optical aberrations for initial beam parameters corresponding to varying bunch intensities. Comparing simulation results with emittance measurements at different locations allows us to draw some conclusions about the impact of IBS in the damping ring on the IP spot size, and about possible single-bunch wakefields in the ATF2.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPJE065  
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MOPJE071 New Electron Cloud Detectors for the CERN Proton Synchrotron photon, electron, detector, proton 476
 
  • C. Yin Vallgren, P. Chiggiato, S.S. Gilardoni, H. Neupert, M. Taborelli
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Electron cloud (EC) has already been observed during normal operation of the PS using classical shielded button pick-up detectors in drift sections. In the context of the LHC Injector Upgrade (LIU project), similar measurements are also needed for the combined function magnets of the machine, where the access to the vacuum chamber is strongly limited by the presence of the yoke. Two new electron cloud detectors have been studied, developed, and installed during the Long Shutdown (LS1) in one of such magnets. The first is based on current measurement by using a shielded button-type pick-up with a special geometry to reach the bottom surface of the vacuum pipe embedded in the magnet. The second one relies on a newly developed measurement method based on detection of the photons, which are emitted by cathodoluminescence from the electron cloud impinging on the vacuum chamber walls. Part of the emitted photons is collected through a quartz window by a Micro-Channel Plate Photomultiplier Tube (MCP-PMT). First results obtained during machine development runs show the feasibility of the photon detection scheme. The results are discussed and compared with pick-up measurements.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPJE071  
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MOPHA012 A New FPGA Based Timing System at ELSA timing, FPGA, injection, booster 802
 
  • D. Proft, W. Hillert
    ELSA, Bonn, Germany
  
  At the electron stretcher facility ELSA a beam intensity upgrade from 20 mA to 200 mA is in progress. Investigations showed, that the maximum beam current is currently limited by excitation of beam instabilities. For separated characterization of single bunch instabilities from multi-bunch ones, a high beam current stored in a single revolving bunch is required. These high beam currents can only be achieved by accumulation of many shots from the injector. The existing timing system is not capable of single bunch injection and accumulation in the main stretcher ring. Therefore a new FPGA based timing system, synchronized to the RF system of the accelerator, has been developed which will completely supersede the existing one. Simultaneously the ‘‘slow'' timing system, providing trigger signals for the typically 6 s long accelerator cycle, is also modernized using a similar FPGA based solution to achieve a much better duty cycle during standard operation. In this contribution the FPGA designs laying the focus on the single bunch accumulation will be presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPHA012  
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MOPHA015 Measurement of Momentum Compaction Factor via Depolarizing Resonances at ELSA resonance, polarization, electron, experiment 811
 
  • J.F. Schmidt, W. Hillert, M. Schedler, J.-P. Thiry
    ELSA, Bonn, Germany
  
  Funding: DFG
Measuring beam depolarization at energies in close proximity to a depolarizing integer resonance is an established method to determine the beam energy of a circular accelerator. This technique offers high accuracy due to the small resonance widths. Thus, also other accelerator parameters related to beam energy can be measured based on this method. This contribution presents a measurement of the momentum compaction factor with a high precision of 10-4. It was performed at the 164 m stretcher ring of the Electron Stretcher Facility ELSA at Bonn University, which provides a polarized electron beam of up to 3.2 GeV. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPHA015  
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MOPHA035 Beam Optics Measurements at FLASH2 undulator, linac, optics, FEL 863
 
  • M. Scholz, M. Vogt, J. Zemella
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  FLASH2 is a newly build second beamline at FLASH, a soft X-ray FEL at DESY, Hamburg. Unlike the existing beamline FLASH1, it is equipped with variable gap undulators. This beamline is currently being commissioned. Both undulator beamlines of FLASH are driven by a common linear accelerator. Fast kickers and a septum are installed at the end of the linac to distribute the electron bunches of every train between FLASH1 and FLASH2. A specific beam optics in the extraction arc with horizontal beam waists in the bending magnets is mandatory in order to mitigate effects from coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR). We performed various beam optics measurements to ensure that the conditions for FEL operation at FLASH2 are fulfilled. Here we will show results of measurements.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPHA035  
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MOPHA050 Online Spill Intensity Monitoring for Improving Extraction Quality at CNAO electron, proton, ion, electronics 907
 
  • M. Caldara
    University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
  • J. Bosser, G.M.A. Calvi, L. Lanzavecchia, A. Parravicini, C. Viviani
    CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy
  • E. Rojatti
    UniPV, Pavia, Italy
  
  The CNAO Foundation is the first Italian center for deep hadrontherapy with Protons and Carbon Ions, performing treatments since September 2011. The extracted beam energy and intensity can vary over a wide range (60-250 MeV for Protons and 120-400 MeV/u for Carbon Ions, 4e6/1010 pps); the beam intensity uniformity during the slow extraction process is a fundamental requirement for achieving accurate and fast treatments. CNAO developed an online Fast Intensity Monitor (FIM), not perturbing the extracted beam, capable of measuring beam intensity with a bandwidth of 50kHz and a resolution of 1%. It consists of a thin (0.8 μm) metallic foil that emits secondary electrons when traversed by the beam. The electrons are multiplied by a Channeltron device, polarized at high voltage versus ground. The Channeltron output current is amplified and converted in a Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) signal, which is then decoupled and transmitted to the equipment room, where an FPGA implements a servo-spill. The work presents the detector, the floating electronics, the preliminary measurements with beam and the integration in a closed loop on the synchrotron air-core quadrupole obtaining promising results.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPHA050  
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MOPHA051 Scintillating Fibers used as Profile Monitors for the CNAO HEBT Lines detector, proton, ion, vacuum 910
 
  • E. Rojatti
    UniPV, Pavia, Italy
  • J. Bosser, M. Haguenauer, P. Poilleux
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • J. Bosser, G.M.A. Calvi, L. Lanzavecchia, A. Parravicini, M. Pullia, C. Viviani
    CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy
  • M. Caldara
    University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
  
  The CNAO (Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica) Foundation is the first Italian center for deep hadrontherapy with Protons and Carbon Ions. Several beam monitors exploiting the scintillation process have been designed to check the beam quality in the extraction lines, in order to guarantee patients safety. The SFH (Scintillating Fibers Harp), the QPM (Qualification Profile Monitor), and the SFP (Scintillating Fibers plus Photodiodes) are made up by two orthogonal scintillating fibers harps with not dead area for the horizontal and the vertical beam profiles measurement. The QPM and the SFH are both installed on the beam line and they use a CCD camera for the signal acquisition. The SFP is a SFH upgrade project aimed to replace the camera with two Photodiodes arrays coupled to the fibers in vacuum. The WD (Watch Dog) detector, not already installed, has been designed to check the beam position through the intensity of the beam tails. It uses two couples of scintillating fibers displaced transversally to the beam direction, coupled to four APDs (Avalanche Photodiodes). This work describes the beam detectors, their achieved performances and the most recent beam measurements.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPHA051  
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MOPTY021 Measurement of Clock Jitter in Beam Diagnostic System simulation, diagnostics, beam-diagnostic, injection 981
 
  • Y. Yang, Y.B. Leng, Y.B. Yan
    SSRF, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
  
  Low clock jitter can improve the performance of beam diagnostic system. This paper presents a procedure for the direct measurement of low-level clock jitter. High resolution spectrum analyzer or broadband high sampling rate oscilloscope is not demanded by using this method. Simulation will be introduced.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPTY021  
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MOPTY083 Progress towards Electron-beam Feedback at the Nanometre Level at the Accelerator Test Facility (ATF2) at KEK feedback, cavity, kicker, electron 1133
 
  • P. Burrows, D.R. Bett, N. Blaskovic Kraljevic, T. Bromwich, G.B. Christian, M.R. Davis, C. Perry
    JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • D.R. Bett
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Ultra-low latency beam-based digital feedbacks have been developed by the Feedback On Nanosecond Timescales (FONT) Group and tested at the Accelerator Test Facility (ATF2) at KEK in a programme aimed at beam stabilisation at the nanometre level at the ATF2 final focus. Three prototypes were tested: 1) A feedback system based on high-resolution stripline BPMs was used to stabilise the beam orbit in the beamline region c. 50m upstream of the final focus. 2) Information from this system was used in a feed-forward mode to stabilise the beam locally at the final focus. 3) A final-focus local feedback system utilising cavity BPMs was deployed. In all three cases the degree of beam stabilisation was observed in high-precision cavity BPMs at the ATF2 interaction point. Latest results are reported on stabilising the beam position to below 100 nanometres.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-MOPTY083  
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TUPJE069 Fast Injection System R&D for the APS Upgrade kicker, high-voltage, injection, impedance 1797
 
  • F. Lenkszus, J. Carwardine, A.R. Cours, G. Decker, L.H. Morrison, X. Sun, J. Wang, F. Westferro, A. Xiao, C. Yao
    ANL, Argonne, Ilinois, USA
  • A. Krasnykh
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: Results in this report are derived from work performed at Argonne National Laboratory. Argonne is operated by UChicago Argonne, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The MBA upgrade for the APS will operate with bunch swap out and on axis injection. The planned 324 bunch fill pattern places difficult demands on the injection and extraction kickers. The present concept uses dual stripline kickers driven by high Voltage pulsers. Minimizing perturbation on adjacent bunches requires very fast rise and fall times with relatively narrow ~20 nsec, 15 kV pulses. To achieve these requirements we have initiated a multifaceted R&D program. The R&D includes the HV pulser, stripline kicker and HV feedthrough. We have purchased a commercial dual channel HV pulser and are evaluating its performance and reliability. In addition, we are investigating the feasibility of using nonlinear ferrite loaded coaxial cables (shockwave transmission line) to sharpen the leading and trailing edges of high voltage pulses. We are also developing a prototype kicker and high voltage feedthrough. The requirements for injection and extraction, progress on prototype development and results of our HV pulser investigations will be reported. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-TUPJE069  
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TUPMA056 Analysis of Possible Beam Losses in the NSLS II BSR Transfer Line booster, radiation, storage-ring, shielding 1959
 
  • S. Seletskiy, R.P. Fliller, W. Guo, S.L. Kramer, Y. Li, B. Podobedov, T.V. Shaftan, W.H. Wahl, F.J. Willeke
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  
  The NSLS-II accelerators are installed within 0.8 – 1 m thick radiation shielding walls. The safety considerations require attenuating the radiation generated from possible electron beam losses to a level of <0.5mrem/h at the outer surface of the bulk shield walls. Any operational losses greater than specified level shall be addressed by installing supplemental shielding near the loss point. In this paper we discuss simulation studies that identified potential beam loss locations. Results of these studies were used for identification of imposed radiation risks and for specification of the supplemental shielding design necessary to mitigate those risks.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-TUPMA056  
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TUPTY039 LHC Transfer Lines and Injection Tests for Run 2 injection, kicker, operation, septum 2098
 
  • C. Bracco, J.L. Abelleira, R. Alemany-Fernández, M.J. Barnes, W. Bartmann, E. Carlier, L.N. Drøsdal, M.A. Fraser, K. Fuchsberger, B. Goddard, J. Jentzsch, V. Kain, N. Magnin, M. Meddahi, J.S. Schmidt, L.S. Stoel, J.A. Uythoven, F.M. Velotti, J. Wenninger
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  The transfer lines for both rings of the LHC were successfully re-commissioned with beam in preparation for the start-up of Run 2. This paper presents an overview of the transfer line and sector tests performed to bring the LHC back into operation after a two-year period of shutdown for consolidation and upgrade. The tests enabled the debugging of critical software and hardware systems and validated changes made to the transfer and injection systems. The beam-based measurements carried out to validate the optics and machine configuration are summarised along with the performance of the hardware systems.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-TUPTY039  
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TUPTY050 Considerations for the Beam Dump System of a 100 TeV Centre-of-mass FCC hh Collider kicker, septum, collider, optics 2132
 
  • T. Kramer, M.G. Atanasov, M.J. Barnes, W. Bartmann, J. Borburgh, E. Carlier, F. Cerutti, L. Ducimetière, B. Goddard, A. Lechner, R. Losito, G.E. Steele, L.S. Stoel, J.A. Uythoven, F.M. Velotti
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  A 100 TeV centre-of-mass energy frontier proton collider in a new tunnel of 80–100 km circumference is a central part of CERN’s Future Circular Colliders (FCC) design study. One of the major challenges for such a machine will be the beam dump system, which for each ring will have to reliably abort proton beams with stored energies in the range of 8 Gigajoule, more than an order of magnitude higher than planned for HL-LHC. The transverse proton beam energy densities are even more extreme, a factor of 100 above that of the presently operating LHC. The requirements for the beam dump subsystems are outlined, and the present technological limitations are described. First concepts for the beam dump system are presented and the feasibility is discussed, highlighting in particular the areas in which major technological progress will be needed. The potential implications on the overall machine and other key subsystems are described, including constraints on filling patterns, interlocking, beam intercepting devices and insertion design.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-TUPTY050  
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TUPWI021 Progress on a 30 - 350 MeV Normal-Conducting Scaling FFAG for Proton Therapy proton, lattice, ion, injection 2285
 
  • J.M. Garland, R.B. Appleby, H.L. Owen, S.C. Tygier
    UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
  
  Funding: Work supported by the STFC (UK) under grant no. ST/K002503/1
We present our progress on a new design for a 30 - 350 MeV scaling FFAG for proton therapy and tomography - NORMA (NOrmal-conducting Racetrack Medical Accelerator) which allows the realisation of proton computed tomography (pCT) and utilises normal conducting magnets in both a circular and racetrack configuration which are designed using advanced optimisation algorithms developed in PyZgoubi. The ring and racetrack configurations have average circumferences of around 60 and 70 m respectively, peak magnetic fields of < 1.8 T, average orbit excursions < 50 cm and dynamic aperture calculations of > 50 mm.mrad using a novel technique. The racetrack design has a total magnet-free straight length of 4.9 m at two opposing points, designed to ease injection and extraction systems. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-TUPWI021  
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WEPWA010 A High Intensity Proton Source for the European Spallation Source Facility plasma, proton, emittance, site 2509
 
  • L. Celona, L. Allegra, L. Andò, A.C. Caruso, G. Castro, F. Chines, G. Gallo, S. Gammino, A. Longhitano, S. Marletta, D. Mascali, L. Neri, S. Passarello, G. Torrisi
    INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
  • A. Longhitano
    ALTEK, San Gregorio (CATANIA), Italy
  • G. Torrisi
    Universitá Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
  
  Along the last twentyfive years, INFN-LNS has gained a relevant role in R&D of plasma-based ion sources. The laboratory is currently involved in the Proton Source and Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) line prototype construction for the European Spallation Source. ESS – based on a 2.0 GeV, 62.5 mA proton accelerator for neutron production – will be a fundamental instrument for research and application. The proton source is required to produce at least 90 mA beam (as total drain current) at 0.25 π.mm.mrad emittance, 2.86 ms pulse duration, 14 Hz repetition rate. We will illustrate the advanced design of the machine, including the innovations in plasma heating schemes, the final layout of the LEBT – based on detailed beam transport studies, a new vacuum scheme and the final chopper strategy – and the first steps of the devices installation at the INFN-LNS test-bench site.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPWA010  
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WEPWA049 Low Energy Beam Tracking Under Scattering for a Cold Electron Source in Manchester electron, scattering, emittance, experiment 2615
 
  • R.B. Appleby, W. Bertsche, O. Mete, G.X. Xia
    UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
  • M.A. Harvey, M. Jones, A.J. Murray
    The University of Manchester, The Photon Science Institute, Manchester, United Kingdom
  • B. Kyle
    University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
  
  High quality electron beams, with high spatial and temporal resolution, have an important use in electron diffraction experiments to probe and study the constituents of matter. A cold electron source is being developed based on electron ionisation from an atom cloud trapped by using AC magneto-optical methods in the University of Manchester. The technique will produce bunches of electrons well suited for high precision and single shot electron diffraction. In this paper issues of modelling at low energies for this state of art electron source with very low energy spread are presented, with a focus on newly developed tools to model the scattering in the meshes used to support the extraction electric fields. The dependence on emittance growth on mesh wire thickness is studied.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPWA049  
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WEPJE011 High Reliability, Long Lifetime, Continuous Wave H− Ion Source ion, ion-source, electron, plasma 2695
 
  • P. Barrows, G.E. Becerra
    PNL, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
  
  Funding: Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II
Phoenix Nuclear Labs (PNL) is developing a high-current, long-lifetime negative hydrogen (H−) ion source in partnership with Fermilab as part of an ion beam injector for future Intensity Frontier particle accelerators. In this application, continuous output with long lifetime and high reliability and efficiency are critical. Existing ion sources at Fermilab rely on plasma-facing electrodes and are limited to lifetimes of a few hundred hours, while requiring relatively high gas loads on downstream components. PNL's H− ion source uses an electrodeless microwave plasma generator which has been extensively developed in PNL's positive ion source systems, demonstrating 1000+ hours of operation and >99% continuous uptime. A magnetic filter preferentially blocks energetic electrons produced in the plasma, while allowing cold electrons and fast neutrals through toward a cesiated surface converter to produce the desired H− ions, which are extracted into a low energy beam using electrostatic lenses. The design specifications are 5-10 mA of continuous H− current at 30 keV with <0.2 pi-mm-mrad beam emittance. Construction and testing of the H− ion source is underway at PNL. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPJE011  
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WEPMA055 The Magnet and Power Supply System for the Compact-ERL quadrupole, recirculation, power-supply, operation 2899
 
  • K. Harada, T. Kume, S. Nagahashi, N. Nakamura, S. Sakanaka, A. Ueda
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  The recirculation loop of the cERL (compact Energy Recovery LINAC) was constructed in 2013. In this paper, we show the magnet and the power supply system for the recirculation loop of the cERL. The recirculation loop consists of the eight main bending magnets, sixty quadrupole magnets and ten small bending magnets for the three chicanes of the injection, extraction and circumference adjuster. The four power supplies are used for the chicane bending magnets, sixty for the quadrupoles, forty-eight for the horizontal correctors, and thirty-three for the vertical correctors. The EPICS (Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System) was used for the control of the power supplies.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPMA055  
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WEPMN058 Transverse Impedance Measurements and DC Breakdown Tests on the First Stripline Kicker Prototype for the CLIC Damping Rings impedance, simulation, coupling, kicker 3058
 
  • C. Belver-Aguilar, A. Faus-Golfe
    IFIC, Valencia, Spain
  • M.J. Barnes, H.A. Day
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • A. Faus-Golfe
    LAL, Orsay, France
  • F. Toral
    CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
  
  A first stripline kicker prototype for beam extraction from the CLIC Damping Rings (DRs) has been designed at IFIC and CIEMAT, with excellent field homogeneity, good power transmission and low beam coupling impedance. The prototype has been built by the company Trinos Va\-cuum Projects, and laboratory tests and measurements have been carried out at CERN to characterize, without beam, the electromagnetic response of the striplines. In this paper, we present the measurements of the transverse beam coupling impedance, using the coaxial wire method, and a comparison with simulations. Furthermore, results of DC breakdown tests, using High Vol\-ta\-ge (HV) power supplies, are also reported.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPMN058  
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WEPMN067 Upgrade of the TCDQ Diluters for the LHC Beam Dump System vacuum, controls, PLC, survey 3079
 
  • M.G. Atanasov, W. Bartmann, J. Borburgh, C. Boucly, C. Bracco, L. Gentini, B. Moles, W.J.M. Weterings
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  The TCDQ diluters are installed as part of the LHC beam dump system to protect the Q4 quadrupole and other downstream elements during a beam dump that is not synchronised with the abort gap, or in case of erratic firing of the extraction kickers. These diluter elements installed during Run 1 were compatible with beam up to 60 % of the nominal intensity, which was insufficient for the second run of the LHC. This paper describes the requirements for the upgrade done during the First Long Shutdown (LS1), to make the TCDQ compatible with the full 7 TeV LHC beam at intensities required for the future runs of the machine. Subsequently the mechanical design changes, implementation and commissioning of the TCDQ are reported.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPMN067  
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WEPMN068 Upgrade of the CERN SPS Extraction Protection Elements TPS septum, kicker, vacuum, proton 3083
 
  • J. Borburgh, B. Balhan, M.J. Barnes, C. Baud, M.A. Fraser, V. Kain, F.L. Maciariello, G.E. Steele, F.M. Velotti
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  In 2006 the protection devices upstream of the septa in both extraction channels of the CERN SPS to the LHC were installed. Since then, new beam parameters have been proposed for the SPS beam towards the LHC in the framework of the LIU project. The mechanical parameters and assumptions on which these protection devices presently have been based, need validation before the new upgraded versions can be designed and constructed. The paper describes the design assumptions for the present protection device and the testing program for the TPSG4 at HiRadMat to validate them. Finally the requirements and the options to upgrade both extraction protection elements in the SPS are described.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPMN068  
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WEPTY063 Co-Linear X-Band Energy Booster (XCEB) Cavity and RF System Details cavity, electron, impedance, linac 3421
 
  • T. Sipahi, S. Biedron, S.V. Milton
    CSU, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
  
  Due to their higher intrinsic shunt impedance X-band accelerating structures offer significant gradients with relatively modest input powers. At the Colorado State University Accelerator Laboratory (CSUAL) we would like to adapt this technology to our 1.3-GHz, L-band accelerator system in order to increase our overall beam energy in a manner that does not require investment in an expensive, custom, high-power X-band klystron system. Here we provide the design details of the X-band structures that will allow us to achieve our goal of reaching the maximum practical net potential across the X-band accelerating structure while driven solely by the beam from the L-band system.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPTY063  
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WEPWI055 Commissioning and Early Operation for the NSLS-II Booster RF System booster, cavity, synchrotron, operation 3615
 
  • C. Marques, J. Cupolo, P. Davila, F. Gao, A. Goel, B. Holub, J.G. Kulpin, K. McDonald, J. Oliva, J. Papu, G. Ramirez, J. Rose, R. Sikora, C. Sorrentino, N.A. Towne
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-SC0012704.
The National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is a third generation 3GeV, 500mA synchrotron light source. We discuss the booster synchrotron RF system responsible for providing power to accelerate an electron beam from 200MeV to 3GeV. The RF system design and construction are complete and is currently in the operational phase of the NSLS-II project. Preliminary operational data is also discussed. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-WEPWI055  
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THPF001 Tomography of Horizontal Phase Space Distribution of a Slow Extracted Proton Beam in the MedAustron High Energy Beam Transfer Line simulation, proton, software, synchrotron 3673
 
  • A. Wastl
    ATI, Vienna, Austria
  • M. Benedikt
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • A. Garonna
    EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
  
  Funding: EBG MedAustron Marie Curie Strasse 5 A-2700 Wiener Neustadt www.medaustron.at
MedAustron is a synchrotron based hadron therapy and research center in Wiener Neustadt, Austria, which currently is under commissioning for the first patient treatment. The High Energy Beam Transfer Line (HEBT) consists of mul- tiple functional modules amongst which the phase-shifter- stepper PSS* is the most important module located where the dispersion from the synchrotron is zero and upstream of the switching magnet to the first irradiation room. The PSS is used to control the beam size for the downstream modules and for this scope rotates the beam in horizontal phase space by adjusting the phase advance. This functionality is used in this study to measure beam profiles for multiple phase space angles which act as input for a tomographic reconstruction. Simulation and measurement results are presented.
* M. Benedikt et al, A new concept for the control of a slow-extracted beam in a line with rotational optics, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A, Vol 430, Issues 2–3, 1999 		 
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THPF002 Space Charge Effect Estimation for Synchrotrons with Third-order Resonant Extraction space-charge, resonance, proton, injection 3677
 
  • M.T.F. Pivi, A. Garonna
    EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
  
  In proton and ion storage rings using the third-order resonance extraction mechanism, beam particles are slowly extracted from the ring when reaching the resonance stop-band. Typically at beam injection, the horizontal tune is set to a value close to the resonance value. The tune is then moved towards the resonance value to trigger beam extraction in a controlled way. The tune shift generated by space charge forces needs to be taken into account. For this, the incoherent space-charge tune shift for protons of the MedAustron accelerator main ring has been evaluated. This has been performed by multi-particle tracking using an optics model based on MADX, considering a realistic Gaussian beam distribution and exact non-linear space charge electric field forces. The MedAustron accelerator is in the beam commissioning phase and is planned to start medical commissioning at the end of 2015.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF002  
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THPF029 Preparation of an Ion Source for an Extra Low Energy Synchrotron ion, ion-source, antiproton, electron 3755
 
  • R. Gebel, O. Felden, R. Maier, S. Mey, D. Prasuhn
    FZJ, Jülich, Germany
  
  Funding: The work is supported within the framework of the Helmholtz Association’s Accelerator Research and Development (ARD) program.
ELENA* is a compact ring for cooling and further deceleration of 5.3 MeV antiprotons delivered by the CERN Antiproton Decelerator (AD) down to 100 keV. Because of the long AD cycle of 100 s, it is foreseen to use a source for protons and H− with a kinetic energy of 100 keV for commissioning and start-ups. The source, designed to provide 0.2 to 2.0μsec pulses with 3x107 ions, is based on a proven multicusp volume source used at the COSY/Jülich** injector cyclotron. The source and its auxiliaries were refurbished, upgraded to ±100 keV operation at the Forschungszentrum Jülich and have been set in operation at CERN in April 2015 for first tests of new equipments.
* V. Chohan [ed.], ELENA ring and its Transfer Lines – Design Report
Geneva 2014, DOI 10.5170/CERN-2014-002
** R. Maier Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 390 (1997) P.1.
 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF029  
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THPF036 Compact Cyclotron for 35 MeV Protons and 8 AMeV of H2+ cyclotron, proton, ion, acceleration 3776
 
  • A. Calanna, L. Calabretta
    INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
  • T. Boiesan, R.R. Johnson, L. AC. Piazza, V. Sabaiduc
    BCSI, Vancouver, BC, Canada
  
  The design characteristics and parameters of a compact cyclotron able to accelerate H− ions up to an energy of 35 MeV and H2+ ions up to an energy of 8 AMeV are presented. This cyclotron is a 4 sector machine and its special feature is the possibility to modify the profiles of the sector hills to allow for the acceleration of the two different species. When equipped with two RF cavities and operated in harmonic mode 4, it accelerates the H− beam, which is extracted by stripping. The resulting proton beam is used for the commercial goal of radioisotope production. On the other hand, when equipped with four RF cavities, also operated in harmonic mode 4, it accelerates a high intensity H2+ beam that is of interest for the IsoDAR* experiment. Here, the presented cyclotron takes on the role of a prototype for the central region design of the final IsoDAR* cyclotron (60 A MeV H2+). By increasing the number of cavities, the energy gain per turn as well as the vertical focusing along the first orbit are increased, thereby optimizing the acceptance. Moreover, to minimize space-charge effects, the injection energy of H2+ is raised to 70 keV compared to the H− injection energy of 40 keV.
arXiv:1307.2949 Whitepaper on the DAEδALUS Program. The DAEδALUS Collaboration 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF036  
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THPF037 Upgrade of the LNS Superconducting Cyclotron ion, cyclotron, experiment, closed-orbit 3779
 
  • A. Calanna, L. Calabretta, G. Cuttone, G. Dagostino, D. Rifuggiato
    INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
  • M. Maggiore
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  • A. Radovinsky
    MIT/PSFC, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
  
  The superconducting cyclotron of the LNS-INFN has been working for about 20 years delivering ion beams from proton to gold in the wide energy range from 15 AMeV to 80 AMeV. The beam extraction is performed by means of two electrostatic deflectors and a set of magnetic channels. Recently, the experiment NUMEN has been proposed to study the nuclear matrix element for the double beta decay . The requirements on target are light ion beams (A<30), with an energy range of 15-60 AMeV and a beam power of 1-5 kW. To achieve this goal we have studied the feasibility of extraction by stripping through the existing extraction channel with an increased transversal section. In addition, a new extraction channel has been designed to increase as much as possible the number of the extracted ions and energies. To allow the realization of these new channels, a new superconducting magnet is needed. The major changes and the expected performances for the upgraded cyclotron, as well as the state-of-art of the design, are here presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF037  
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THPF046 Operation of the RHIC Injector Chain with Ions from EBIS ion, booster, emittance, injection 3804
 
  • C.J. Gardner, J.G. Alessi, E.N. Beebe, I. Blackler, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, K.A. Brown, J.J. Butler, C. Carlson, W. Fischer, D.M. Gassner, D. Goldberg, T. Hayes, H. Huang, P.F. Ingrassia, J.P. Jamilkowski, N.A. Kling, J.S. Laster, D. Maffei, M. Mapes, I. Marneris, G.J. Marr, A. Marusic, D.R. McCafferty, K. Mernick, M.G. Minty, J. Morris, C. Naylor, S. Nemesure, S. Perez, A.I. Pikin, D. Raparia, T. Roser, P. Sampson, J. Sandberg, V. Schoefer, F. Severino, T.C. Shrey, K.S. Smith, D. Steski, P. Thieberger, J.E. Tuozzolo, B. Van Kuik, A. Zaltsman, K. Zeno, W. Zhang
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Since 2012 gold and all other ions for the RHIC injector chain have been provided by an Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS). The source is followed by an RFQ, a short Linac, and a 30 m transport line. These components replace the Tandem van de Graaff and associated 840 m transfer line. They provide ions at 2 MeV per nucleon (kinetic energy) for injection into the AGS Booster. The setup and operation of Booster and AGS with various ions from the new source are reviewed. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF046  
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THPF082 Considerations on the Fast Pulsed Magnet Systems for the 2 GeV Beam Transfer from the CERN PSB to PS kicker, injection, operation, proton 3876
 
  • T. Kramer, J.L. Abelleira, W. Bartmann, J. Borburgh, L. Ducimetière, L.M.C. Feliciano, B. Goddard, L. Sermeus
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Within the scope of the LIU project the CERN PS Booster to PS beam transfer will be modified to match the requirements for the future 2 GeV proton beam energy upgrade. The paper describes considerations on the PSB extraction and recombination kickers as well as on the injection kicker(s) into the PS. Different schemes of an injection into the PS have been outlined in the past and are reviewed under the aspect of individual transfer kicker rise and fall time performances. Recent measurements on the recombination kickers are presented and subsequently homogenous rise and fall time requirements in the whole PSB to PS transfer chain are presented. The baseline option for the PS injection kicker(s) is outlined and compared to the previously presented concepts.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF082  
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THPF094 Possible Reuse of the LHC as a 3.3 TeV High Energy Booster for Hadron Injection into the FCC-hh Collider collider, injection, dipole, insertion 3919
 
  • B. Goddard, W. Bartmann, M. Benedikt, W. Herr, M. Lamont, P. Lebrun, M. Meddahi, A. Milanese, M. Solfaroli Camillocci, L.S. Stoel
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  One option for the injector into a 100 TeV centre-of-mass energy frontier proton collider (FCC-hh) in a new tunnel of 80–100 km circumference is to reuse a suitably modified LHC as 3.3 TeV High Energy Booster (HEB). The changes that would be required to the existing LHC insertions are described, including the types and numbers of new magnets and circuits. The limitations on the maximum LHC ramp rate and minimum cycle time discussed. The key question of the minimum FCC filling time achievable with technically possible upgrades is examined, together with the issues of decommissioning for the elements which would need to be removed from the machine. The potential performance reach of the modified LHC as 3.3 TeV HEB is quantified, and implications for FCC-hh discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF094  
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THPF097 Feasibility Study of a New SPS Beam Dump System kicker, quadrupole, septum, proton 3930
 
  • F.M. Velotti, J.L. Abelleira, M.J. Barnes, C. Bracco, E. Carlier, F. Cerutti, K. Cornelis, R. Folch, B. Goddard, V. Kain, M. Meddahi, R.F. Morton, J.A. Osborne, F. Pasdeloup, V. Senaj, G.E. Steele, J.A. Uythoven, H. Vincke
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  The CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) presently uses an internal beam dump system with two separate blocks to cleanly dispose of low and high energy beams. In view of the increased beam power and brightness needed for the LHC Injector Upgrade project for High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), the performance of this internal beam dump system has been reviewed for future operation. Different possible upgrades of the beam dumping system have been investigated. The initially considered solution for the SPS Beam Dump System is to design a new, dedicated external system, with a dump block in a shielded cavern separated from the machine ring. Unfortunately this solution is not feasible with the present technology. In this paper, the design requirements and the possible solutions are investigated, including considering a new internal beam dump in the Long Straight Section 5 (LSS5).  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF097  
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THPF121 Out of Time Beam Extinction in the Mu2e Experiment dipole, simulation, experiment, proton 3996
 
  • E. Prebys, S.J. Werkema
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: This project is supported by the US Department of Energy under contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 .
The Mu2e Experiment at Fermilab will search for the conversion of a muon to an electron in the field of an atomic nucleus with unprecedented sensitivity. The experiment requires a beam consisting of proton bunches approximately 200ns FW long, separated by 1.7 microseconds, with no out-of-time protons at the 10-10 fractional level. Satisfying this "extinction" requirement is very challenging. Simulations show that the formation of the bunches will result in an extinction of roughly 10-5. The remaining extinction will be accomplished by a system of resonant magnets and collimators, configured such that only in-time beam is delivered to the experiment. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF121  
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THPF125 MARS Tracking Simulations for the Mu2e Slow Extracted Proton Beam scattering, septum, simulation, beam-losses 4010
 
  • V.P. Nagaslaev, I.L. Rakhno
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Particle tracking taking into account interactions with fields and materials is necessary for proper evaluation of the resonant extraction losses and geometry optimization for the extraction beam line. This paper describes the tracking simulations for the Mu2e Resonant Extraction and discusses the geometry choices made based on these simulations.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF125  
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THPF141 Design of a Compact All-Permanent Magnet ECR Ion Source Injector for ReA at MSU NSCL ion, ECR, ion-source, injection 4054
 
  • A.N. Pham, P. Glennon, A. Lajoie, D. Lawton, D. Leitner, G. Machicoane, J. Ottarson, M. Portillo, J. Wenstrom
    NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Michigan State University and the National Science Foundation Grant PHYS-1102511.
The design of a compact all-permanent magnet electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source injector for the ReAccelerator Facility (ReA) at the Michigan State University (MSU) National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL) is currently being carried out. The ECR ion source injector will augment the electron beam ion trap (EBIT) charge breeder as an off-line stable ion beam injector for the ReA linac. The objective of the ECR ion source injector will be to provide CW beams of heavy ions from hydrogen to masses up to 136Xe within the ReA charge-to-mass ratio (Q/A) operational range from 0.2 to 0.5. The ECR ion source will be mounted on a high-voltage platform that can be adjusted to provide the required 12 keV/u injection energy into a room temperature radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) for further acceleration. The beam line consists of a 30 kV tetrode extraction system, mass analyzing section, and optical matching section for injection into the existing ReA Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) line. The design of the ECR ion source and the associated beam line are discussed. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF141  
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THPF143 Saddle Antenna RF Ion Sources for Efficient Positive and Negative Ions Production plasma, ion, operation, electron 4060
 
  • V.G. Dudnikov, R.P. Johnson
    Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
  • G. Dudnikova
    UMD, College Park, Maryland, USA
  • B. Han, S.N. Murray, T.R. Pennisi, C. Piller, M. Santana, M.P. Stockli, R.F. Welton
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported in part by US DOE Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 and by STTR grant DE-SC0011323.
Existing RF Surface Plasma Sources (SPS) for accelerators have specific efficiencies for H+ and H− ion generation ~3-5 mA/cm2 kW, where about 50 kW of RF power is typically needed for 50 mA beam current production. The Saddle Antenna (SA) SPS described here was developed to improve H− ion production efficiency, reliability and availability. In SA RF ion source the efficiency of positive ion generation in the plasma has been improved to 200 mA/cm2 kW. After cesiation, the current of negative ions to the collector was increased from 1 mA to 10 mA with RF power ~1.5 kW in the plasma (6 mm diameter emission aperture) and up to 30 mA with ~4 kW RF. Continuous wave (CW) operation of the SA SPS has been tested on the test stand. The general design of the CW SA SPS is based on the pulsed version. Some modifications were made to improve the cooling and cesiation stability. CW operation with negative ion extraction was tested with RF power up to 1.8 kW from the generator (~1.2 kW in the plasma) with production up to Ic=7 mA. Long term operation was tested with 1.2 kW from the RF generator (~0.8 kW in the plasma) with production of Ic=5 mA, Iex ~15 mA (Uex=8 kV, Uc=14 kV). 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF143  
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THPF147 Increasing the Beam Brightness of a Duoplasmatron Proton Ion Source emittance, brightness, ion, ion-source 4070
 
  • Y.K. Batygin, I.N. Draganic, C.M. Fortgang
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the United States Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Agency, under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396
The LANSCE accelerator facility operates with two independent ion injectors for H+ and H− particle beams. The H+ ion beam is formed using a duoplasmatron source followed by a 750 keV Cockroft-Walton accelerating column. Formation of an optimal plasma meniscus is an important feature for minimizing beam emittance and maximizing beam brightness. An experimental study was performed to determine optimal conditions of extracted H+ beam for maximizing beam brightness. Study was based on measurements of beam emittance versus variable beam current and extraction voltage. Measurements yielded 0.52 as the best ratio of beam perveance to Child - Langmuir perveance for maximizing beam brightness. As a result of optimization, beam brightness was increased by a factor of 2. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2015-THPF147  
Export • reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)