HB2012 - List of Keywords (target)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOP238	Beam Position Monitor System of the ESS Linac	linac, LLRF, quadrupole, controls	133
	H. Hassanzadegan, A. Jansson ESS, Lund, Sweden A.J. Johansson Lund University, Lund, Sweden
	The pulsed ESS linac will include about 100 BPMs, mostly with a European XFEL style button design, 6 BPMs with a special design for the Medium Energy Beam Transport, as well as 8 stripline BPMs foreseen for the Drift Tubes. The required accuracy and resolution of the position measurement are 100 μm (rms) and 20 μm (rms) respectively with the 50 mA 2.86 ms nominal pulse. In addition to the position measurement, the BPM system needs to measure the beam phase in the nominal pulse as well as several diagnostics pulse modes with a minimum duration and intensity of 5 μs and 5 mA respectively. After a study of the possible electronics platforms, MTCA.4 is now considered as the main prototyping platform for the high performance sub-systems at ESS. It is foreseen to prototype a Rear Transition Module for IQ-based RF signal measurements intended for both the BPM and LLRF systems. The requirements and specifications of the BPM system are presented and the plan for the continuation of the project is described in this paper.

MOP241	An Experiment on Hydrodynamic Tunnelling of the SPS High Intensity Proton Beam at the HiRadMat Facility	simulation, proton, collider, linear-collider	141
	J. Blanco, F. Burkart, N. Charitonidis, I. Efthymiopoulos, D. Grenier, C. Maglioni, R. Schmidt, C. Theis, D. Wollmann CERN, Geneva, Switzerland E. Griesmayer CIVIDEC Instrumentation, Wien, Austria N.A. Tahir GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	The LHC will collide proton beams with an energy stored in each beam of 362 MJ. To predict damage for a catastrophic failure of the protections systems, simulation studies of the impact of an LHC beam on copper targets were performed. Firstly, the energy deposition of the first bunches in a target with FLUKA is calculated. The effect of the energy deposition on the target is then calculated with a hydrodynamic code, BIG2. The impact of only a few bunches leads to a change of target density. The calculations are done iteratively in several steps and show that such beam can tunnel up to 30-35 m into a target. Similar simulations for the SPS beam also predict hydrodynamic tunnelling. An experiment at the HiRadMat (High Radiation Materials) at CERN using the proton beam from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) is performed to validate the simulations. The particle energy in the SPS beam is 440 GeV and has up to 288 bunches. Significant hydrodynamic tunnelling due to hydrodynamic effects are expected. First experiments are planned for July 2012. Simulation results, the experimental setup and the outcome of the tests will be reported at this workshop.

MOP244	CERN High-Power Proton Synchrotron Design Study for LAGUNA-LBNO Neutrino Production	proton, linac, synchrotron, status	154
	R. Steerenberg, M. Benedikt, I. Efthymiopoulos, F. Gerigk, Y. Papaphilippou CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Within the framework of the LAGUNA-LBNO project, CERN has started design studies in view of producing neutrinos for future long base line neutrino experiments. These design studies foresee a staged approach in the increase of the primary proton beam power, used for the neutrino production. The first step consists of exploring the feasibility of a CERN SPS beam power upgrade from the existing 500 kW, presently available to CNGS, to 750 kW. This beam should then be transferred to a new to be built neutrino beam line that is dimensioned for a beam power of 2 MW. The 2 MW proton beam is to be provided at a subsequent stage by a 30 - 50 GeV High-Power Proton Synchrotron (HP-PS), which is a major part of the design studies. This paper will provide an overview of the project and then focus on the preliminary ideas for the HP-PS design study.

MOP262	Observations of Space Charge Effects in the Spallation Neutron Source Accumulator Ring	simulation, coupling, space-charge, accumulation	223
	R.E. Potts ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA S.M. Cousineau, J.A. Holmes ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	Funding: ORNL/SNS is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The Spallation Neutron Source accumulator ring was designed to allow independent control of the transverse beam distribution in each plane. However, at high beam intensities, nonlinear space charge forces can strongly influence the final beam distribution and compromise our ability to independently control the transverse distributions. In this study we investigate the evolution of the beam at intensities of up to ~8x10¹³ ppp through both simulation and experiment. Specifically, we analyze the evolution of the beam distribution for beams with different transverse aspect ratios and tune splits. We present preliminary results of simulations of our experiments.

TUO3A02	Status and Results of the UA9 Crystal Collimation Experiment at the CERN-SPS	collimation, proton, ion, vacuum	245
	S. Montesano, W. Scandale CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The UA9 experimental setup was installed in the CERN-SPS in 2009 to investigate the feasibility of the halo collimation assisted by bent crystals. Two-millimeter-long silicon crystals, with bending angles of about 150 microrad, are used as primary collimators instead than a standard amorphous target. Studies are performed with stored beams of protons and lead ions at 270 Z GeV. The loss profile is precisely measured in the area near to the crystal-collimator setup and in the downstream dispersion suppressor. A strong correlation of the losses in the two areas is observed and a steady reduction of dispersive losses is recorded at the onset of the channeling process. The loss map in the accelerator ring is is also reduced. These observations strongly support our expectation that the coherent deflection of the beam halo by a bent crystal should enhance the collimation efficiency in hadron colliders, such as LHC. for the UA9 Collaboration
	Slides TUO3A02 [5.936 MB]

TUO1B05	The Design and Commissioning of the Accelerator System of the Rare Isotope Reaccelerator - ReA3 at Michigan State University	cryomodule, rfq, ion, linac	269
	X. Wu, B. Arend, C. Compton, A. Facco, M.J. Johnson, D. Lawton, D. Leitner, F. Montes, S. Nash, J. Ottarson, G. Perdikakis, J. Popielarski, J.A. Rodriguez, M.J. Syphers, W. Wittmer, Q. Zhao NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Sciences under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661 The National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL) at Michigan State University (MSU) is currently constructing its new rare isotope reaccelerator facility: ReA3, which will provide unique low-energy rare isotope beams by stopping fast rare isotopes in gas stopping systems, boosting the charge state in an Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) and reaccelerating them in a superconducting linac. The rare isotope beams will be producted intially by Coupled Cyclotron Facility (CCF) at NSCL and later by Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), currently being designed and constructed at MSU. The accelerator system consists of a Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT), a room temperature RFQ and a linac utilizing superconducting QWRs. An achromatic High Energy Beam Transport (HEBT) will deliver the reaccelerated beams to the mutiple target stations. Beams from ReA3 will range from 3 MeV/u for heavy nuclei such as uranium to about 6 MeV/u for ions with A<50. The commissioning of the EBIT, RFQ and two cryomodules of the linac is currently underway. The ReA3 accelerator system design and status of commissioning will be presented.
	Slides TUO1B05 [6.046 MB]

TUO3B05	Beam Dynamics of the 13 MeV/50 mA Proton Linac for the Compact Pulsed Hadron Source at Tsinghua University	rfq, proton, DTL, simulation	289
	Q.Z. Xing, X. Guan, C. Jiang, C.-X. Tang, X.W. Wang, H.Y. Zhang, S.X. Zheng TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China J.H. Billen, J. Stovall, L.M. Young TechSource, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA G.H. Li NUCTECH, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Work supported by the Major Research plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 91126003) We present the start-to-end simulation result on the high-current proton linac for the Compact Pulsed Hadron Source (CPHS) at Tsinghua University. The CPHS project is a university-based proton accelerator platform (13 MeV, 16 kW, peak current 50 mA, 0.5 ms pulse width at 50 Hz) for multidisciplinary neutron and proton applications. The 13 MeV proton linac contains the ECR ion source, LEBT, RFQ, DTL and HEBT. The function of the whole accelerator system is to produce the proton beam, accelerate it to 13 MeV, and deliver it to the target where one uniform round beam spot is obtained with the diameter of 5 cm.
	Slides TUO3B05 [7.715 MB]

TUO1C01	Recent Developments on High Intensity Beam Diagnostics at SNS	electron, proton, cathode, simulation	292
	W. Blokland ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	Funding: ORNL/SNS is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The Spallation Neutron Source Ring accumulates 0.6 μs long proton bunches of up to 1.6·10¹⁴ protons with a typical peak current of over 50 A during a 1 ms cycle. To qualify the beam, we perform different transverse profile measurements that can be done at full intensity. The electron beam scanner performs a non-invasive measurement of the transverse and longitudinal profiles of the beam in the ring. Electrons passing over and through the proton beam are deflected and projected on a fluorescent screen. Analysis of the projection yields the transverse profile while multi transverse profiles offset in time yield the longitudinal profile. Progress made with this system will be discussed as well as temperature measurements of the stripping foil and other transverse measurements.
	Slides TUO1C01 [15.498 MB]

TUO1C02	Online Monitoring System for the Waste Beam in the 3-GeV RCS of J-PARC	injection, monitoring, proton, linac	297
	P.K. Saha, H. Harada, S. Hatakeyama, N. Hayashi, H. Hotchi, K. Yamamoto, M. Yoshimoto JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
	We have established two independent methods for monitoring the waste beam of only about 0.4% in the 3 GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron of the Japan Proton Accelerator. Although using conventional monitor systems, the measurement technique made it possible for clearly measuring such a waste beam even with significantly low error. One of the method uses a current transformer to measure the waste beam as a whole, while the other one uses a multi-wire profile monitor for clearly measuring beam profiles of both un-stripped and partially stripped components of the waste beam. While the raw signal measured by a CT (current transformer) contains a large noise, an FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation) analysis made it possible to clearly identify the beam signal corresponding to the frequency of the intermediate pulse. The waste beam was measured to be (0.38±0.03)%. Being non destructive, the 1st method is efficiently operating for online monitoring of the waste beam during the RCS user operation so as to directly know the the stripper foil condition and would have great importance for higher power operation.
	Slides TUO1C02 [2.687 MB]

TUO3C05	Beam Commissioning Plan for CSNS Accelerators	DTL, linac, injection, optics	334
	S. Wang, S. Fu, H.F. Ouyang, J. Peng IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11175193) The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is now under construction, and the beam commissioning of ion source will start from the end of 2013, and will last several years for whole accelerator. The commissioning plan for CSNS accelerators will be presented in the presentation, including the commissioning correlated parameters, the goal at different commissioning stages and some key commissioning procedures for each part of accelerators. The detailed schedule for commissioning will be also given.
	Slides TUO3C05 [3.574 MB]

WEO3A03	Extraction, Transport and Collimation of the PSI 1.3 MW Proton Beam	proton, extraction, cyclotron, neutron	373
	D. Reggiani PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	With an average operating beam power of 1.3 MW the PSI proton accelerator complex is currently leading the race towards the high intensity frontier of particle accelerators. This talk gives an overview of the extraction of the 590 MeV beam from the ring cyclotron and its low loss transport to the meson production targets M and E as well as to the SINQ spallation neutron source. Particular regard is given to the collimator system reshaping the beam which leaves the 40 mm thick graphite target E before reaching SINQ. Since 2011, up to 8 second long beam macro-pulses are regularly diverted to the new UCN spallation source by means of a fast kicker magnet. The switchover from the SINQ to the UCN beam line as well as the smooth beam transport up to the UCN spallation target constitute the subject of the last part of the talk.
	Slides WEO3A03 [2.728 MB]

WEO3B01	FRIB Accelerator Beam Dynamics Design and Challenges	ion, linac, solenoid, rfq	404
	Q. Zhao, A. Facco, F. Marti, E. Pozdeyev, M.J. Syphers, J. Wei, X. Wu, Y. Yamazaki, Y. Zhang FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661. The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) will be a new national user facility for nuclear science. This cw, high power, superconducting (SC), heavy ion driver linac consists of a frontend to provide various highly charged ions at 0.5 MeV/u, three SC acceleration segments connected by two 180° bending systems to achieve an output beam energy of ≥200 MeV/u for all varieties of stable ions, and a beam delivery system to transport multi-charge-state beams to a fragmentation target at beam power of up to 400 kW. The linac utilizes four types of low-beta resonators with one frequency transition from 80.5 to 322 MHz after Segment 1, where ion charge state(s) is boosted through a stripper at ≤20 MeV/u. The beam dynamics design challenges include simultaneous acceleration of multi-charge-state beams to meet beam-on-target requirements, efficient acceleration of high intensity, low energy heavy ion beams, limitation of uncontrolled beam loss to <1 W/m, accommodation of multiple charge stripping scenarios, etc. We present the recent optimizations on linac lattice, the results of end-to-end beam simulations with machine errors, and the simulation of beam tuning and fault conditions.
	Slides WEO3B01 [7.899 MB]

WEO3B05	Using Step-Like Nonlinear Magnets for Beam Uniformization at IFMIF Target	neutron, multipole, octupole, controls	424
	Z. Yang, J.Y. Tang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China N. Chauvin, P.A.P. Nghiem CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
	Uniform beam distribution and minimum beam halo on target are often required in high intensity beam applications to prolong the target lifetime, ease cooling and obtain better irradiation effect. In this report, step-like nonlinear magnets instead of standard multipole magnets have been studied for the application at IFMIF. Although the preliminary results are still below the very critical requirement of spot uniformity at the IFMIF target, they are quite permissive. The method demonstrates significant advantages over the conventional combination of octupole and duodecapole on very low beam loss, better uniformity and very low cost. Further studies are needed to fully meet the IFMIF specifications.
	Slides WEO3B05 [1.487 MB]

WEO1C06	Measurement and Simulation of Luminosity Leveling in LHC via Beam Separation	luminosity, simulation, emittance, beam-beam-effects	451
	S. Paret, J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA R. Alemany-Fernandez, R. Calaga, R. Giachino, W. Herr, D. Jacquet, G. Papotti, T. Pieloni, L. Ponce, M. Schaumann CERN, Geneva, Switzerland R. Miyamoto ESS, Lund, Sweden
	Funding: This work supported by the US LHC Accelerator Research Program and the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Leveling of the luminosity in LHC by means of separating the beams colliding at an interaction point is examined. An experiment in which the separation of the beams was stepwise increased to up to 2.5 times the beam width is presented. The luminosity at all IPs and emittance of the beams were measured to detect possible side effects of the collision with an offset. Strong-strong simulations that closely follow the experimental setup are discussed and compared with the measurements. Finally, potential alternatives for luminosity leveling are briefly described.
	Slides WEO1C06 [1.031 MB]

WEO3C04	Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment Target Material Radiation Damage Studies Using Energetic Protons of the Brookhaven Linear Isotope Production (BLIP) Facility	proton, lattice, neutron, radiation	471
	N. Simos BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA P. Hurh Fermilab, Batavia, USA Z. Kotsina NCSR Demokritos, Attiki, Greece
	One of the future multi-MW accelerators is the LBNE Experiment where Fermilab plans to produce a beam of neutrinos with a 2.3 MW proton beam as part of a suite of experiments associated with ProjectX. Specifically, the LBNE Neutrino Beam Facility aims for a 2⁺ MW, 60-120 GeV pulsed,high intensity proton beam produced in the ProjectX accelerator intercepted by a low Z solid target to facilitate the production of low energy neutrinos. The multi-MW level LBNE proton beam will be characterized by intensities of the order of 1.6·10⁺¹⁴ p/pulse, σ_radius of 1.5-3.5 mm and a 9.8 μs pulse length. These parameters are expected to push many target materials to their limit thus making the target design very challenging. Recent experience from operating high intensity beams on targets have indicated that several critical design issues exist namely thermal shock,heat removal, radiation damage,radiation accelerated corrosion effects,and residual radiation within the target envelope. A series of experimental studies on radiation damage and thermal shock response conducted at BNL and focusing on low-Z materials have unraveled potential issues regarding the damageability from energetic particle beams which may differ significantly from thermal reactor experience. Irradiation damage results for low-Z materials associated with the LBNE and other high power experiments will be presented.
	Slides WEO3C04 [3.965 MB]

WEO3C06	Understanding Ion Induced Radiation Damage in Target Materials	ion, heavy-ion, radiation, controls	476
	M. Tomut, C.L. Hubert GSI, Darmstadt, Germany M. Tomut INFIM, Bucharest, Romania
	Successful operation of next generations of radioactive beam facilities depends on the target survival in conditions of intense radiation field and thermo-mechanical solicitations induced by the driving ion beam. Material property degradation due to ion- beam induced damage will limit target lifetime, either by affecting target performance or, by reducing the material resilience. Similar problems are faced by beam protection elements at LHC. Understanding the mechanism of radiation damage induced by ion beam in these materials provides valuable knowledge for lifetime prediction and for the efforts to mitigate performance degradation. On their way through the target material, energetic heavy ions induce a trail of ionizations and excitations, resulting in formation of ion tracks consisting of complex defect structures. We give a review on the ion-induced damage creation in high power target materials, on the structural and thermo-mechanical property degradation and on their recovery in high temperature irradiation experiments.
	Slides WEO3C06 [4.439 MB]

THO3B01	Proton Beam Inter-Bunch Extinction and Extinction Monitoring for the Mu2e Experiment	proton, dipole, simulation, collimation	532
	E. Prebys Fermilab, Batavia, USA
	Funding: U.S. Department of Energy The goal of the Mu2e experiment at Fermilab will be the search for the conversion of a muon into an electron in the field of a nucleus, with a precision roughly four orders of magnitude better than the current limit. The experiment requires a beam consisting of short (~200 ns FW) bunches of protons are separated by roughly 1.5 microseconds. Because the most significant backgrounds are prompt with respect to the arrival of the protons, out of time beam must be suppressed at a level of at least 10^-10 relative to in time beam. The removal of out of time beam is known as "extinction". This talk will discuss the likely sources of out of time beam and the steps we plan to take to remove it. In addition, the plan for monitoring the extinction level will be presented.
	Slides THO3B01 [6.380 MB]

THO1C01	High Intensity Operation and Control of Beam Losses in a Cyclotron Based Accelerator	cyclotron, extraction, proton, neutron	555
	M. Seidel, J. Grillenberger, A.C. Mezger PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	This presentation discusses aspects of high intensity operation in PSI's cyclotron based proton accelerator (HIPA). Major beam loss mechanisms and tuning methods to minimize losses are presented. Concept and optimization of low loss beam extraction from a cyclotron are described. Collimators are used to localize beam losses and activation. Activation levels of accelerator components are shown. An overview on instrumentation for loss monitoring and prevention of failure situations is given. Other relevant aspects include the beam trip statistics and grid to beam power conversion efficiency.
	Slides THO1C01 [3.642 MB]

THO1C05	Status and Beam Commissioning Plan of PEFP 100 MeV Proton Linac	linac, proton, DTL, site	570
	J.-H. Jang, S. Cha, Y.-S. Cho, D.I. Kim, H.S. Kim, H.-J. Kwon, Y.M. Li, B.-S. Park, J.Y. Ryu, K.T. Seol, Y.-G. Song, S.P. Yun KAERI, Daejon, Republic of Korea
	Funding: This work was supported by Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of the Korean government. The proton engineering frontier project (PEFP) is developing a 100 MeV proton linac which consists of a 50 keV injector, a 3 MeV RFQ (radio frequency quadrupole), and a 100 MeV DTL (drift tube linac). The installation of the linac was finished on March this year. The other elements including the high power RF components will be installed after completing the other part of the accelerator building. The beam commissioning is scheduled at the end of this year. This work summarized the status of the PEFP linac development and the beam commissioning plan.
	Slides THO1C05 [5.104 MB]

THO3C01	Optical Transition Radiation for Non-relativistic Ion Beams	ion, photon, radiation, electron	580
	B. Walasek-Höhne, C.A. Andre, F. Becker, P. Forck, A. Reiter, M. Schwickert, R. Singh GSI, Darmstadt, Germany A.H. Lumpkin Fermilab, Batavia, USA
	In this contribution, recent results of Optical Transition Radiation (OTR) measurements with a non-relativistic heavy-ion beam will be presented. This feasibility study was prompted by previous measurements [1] and the theoretical estimation of expected signal strengths for the GSI linear accelerator UNILAC. For this experiment, an 11.4 MeV/u Uranium beam was chosen to investigate OTR signal from several target materials and to evaluate the working regime for the used experimental setup. The OTR light was either observed directly with an Image Intensified CCD camera (ICCD) or indirectly via a spectrometer for wavelength resolved data. A moveable stripping foil allowed measurements with two different ion charge states. The theoretical q2 dependency of the OTR process predicts a six-fold increase in light yield which was confirmed experimentally. Obtained OTR beam profiles were compered to SEM-Grid data. Moreover, ICCD gating feature, as well as the emitted light spectrum ruled out contribution of any background sources with longer emission time constant e.g. blackbody radiation. [1] C. Bal et al., "OTR from Non-relativistic Electrons", Proceedings of DIPAC03, PM04, Mainz Germany.
	Slides THO3C01 [1.905 MB]

THO3C03	Beam Induced Fluorescence - Profile Monitoring for Targets and Transport	vacuum, electron, ion, cathode	586
	F. Becker, C.A. Andre, C. Dorn, P. Forck, R. Haseitl, B. Walasek-Höhne GSI, Darmstadt, Germany T. Dandl, T. Heindl, A. Ulrich TUM/Physik, Garching bei München, Germany J. Egberts, T. Papaevangelou CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France J. Marroncle CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
	Online profile diagnostic is preferred to monitor intense hadron beams at the Facility of Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR). One instrument for beam profile measurement is the gas based Beam Induced Fluorescence (BIF)-monitor. It relies on the optical fluorescence of residual gas, excited by beam particles. In front of production targets for radioactive ion beams or in plasma physics applications, vacuum constraints are less restrictive and allow a sufficient number of fluorescence photons, even at minimum ionizing energies. Unwanted effects like radiation damage and radiation induced background need to be addressed as well. A profile comparison of BIF and Ionization Profile Monitor (IPM) in nitrogen and rare gases is presented. We studied the BIF method from 10^-3 to 30 mbar with an imaging spectrograph. Preferable fluorescence transitions and fundamental limitations are discussed.
	Slides THO3C03 [7.371 MB]

THO3C06	On-line Calibration Schemes for RF-based Beam Diagnostics	pick-up, resonance, proton, diagnostics	601
	P.-A. Duperrex, U. Müller PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	RF-based beam diagnostics such as BPMs and beam current monitors rely on precise RF signal measurements. Temperature drifts and differences in the overall measurement chain gain make such measurements very challenging and calibration validity over time is an issue. Over some years, on-line calibration schemes for BPMs and current monitors have been developed. These innovative schemes are based on the use of a pilot signal at a frequency offset from the measurement frequency. Results, advantages and disadvantages of such schemes are discussed.
	Slides THO3C06 [2.742 MB]

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOP238

Beam Position Monitor System of the ESS Linac

linac, LLRF, quadrupole, controls

133

H. Hassanzadegan, A. Jansson
ESS, Lund, Sweden
A.J. Johansson
Lund University, Lund, Sweden

The pulsed ESS linac will include about 100 BPMs, mostly with a European XFEL style button design, 6 BPMs with a special design for the Medium Energy Beam Transport, as well as 8 stripline BPMs foreseen for the Drift Tubes. The required accuracy and resolution of the position measurement are 100 μm (rms) and 20 μm (rms) respectively with the 50 mA 2.86 ms nominal pulse. In addition to the position measurement, the BPM system needs to measure the beam phase in the nominal pulse as well as several diagnostics pulse modes with a minimum duration and intensity of 5 μs and 5 mA respectively. After a study of the possible electronics platforms, MTCA.4 is now considered as the main prototyping platform for the high performance sub-systems at ESS. It is foreseen to prototype a Rear Transition Module for IQ-based RF signal measurements intended for both the BPM and LLRF systems. The requirements and specifications of the BPM system are presented and the plan for the continuation of the project is described in this paper.

MOP241

An Experiment on Hydrodynamic Tunnelling of the SPS High Intensity Proton Beam at the HiRadMat Facility

simulation, proton, collider, linear-collider

141

J. Blanco, F. Burkart, N. Charitonidis, I. Efthymiopoulos, D. Grenier, C. Maglioni, R. Schmidt, C. Theis, D. Wollmann
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
E. Griesmayer
CIVIDEC Instrumentation, Wien, Austria
N.A. Tahir
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

The LHC will collide proton beams with an energy stored in each beam of 362 MJ. To predict damage for a catastrophic failure of the protections systems, simulation studies of the impact of an LHC beam on copper targets were performed. Firstly, the energy deposition of the first bunches in a target with FLUKA is calculated. The effect of the energy deposition on the target is then calculated with a hydrodynamic code, BIG2. The impact of only a few bunches leads to a change of target density. The calculations are done iteratively in several steps and show that such beam can tunnel up to 30-35 m into a target. Similar simulations for the SPS beam also predict hydrodynamic tunnelling. An experiment at the HiRadMat (High Radiation Materials) at CERN using the proton beam from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) is performed to validate the simulations. The particle energy in the SPS beam is 440 GeV and has up to 288 bunches. Significant hydrodynamic tunnelling due to hydrodynamic effects are expected. First experiments are planned for July 2012. Simulation results, the experimental setup and the outcome of the tests will be reported at this workshop.

MOP244

CERN High-Power Proton Synchrotron Design Study for LAGUNA-LBNO Neutrino Production

proton, linac, synchrotron, status

154

R. Steerenberg, M. Benedikt, I. Efthymiopoulos, F. Gerigk, Y. Papaphilippou
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Within the framework of the LAGUNA-LBNO project, CERN has started design studies in view of producing neutrinos for future long base line neutrino experiments. These design studies foresee a staged approach in the increase of the primary proton beam power, used for the neutrino production. The first step consists of exploring the feasibility of a CERN SPS beam power upgrade from the existing 500 kW, presently available to CNGS, to 750 kW. This beam should then be transferred to a new to be built neutrino beam line that is dimensioned for a beam power of 2 MW. The 2 MW proton beam is to be provided at a subsequent stage by a 30 - 50 GeV High-Power Proton Synchrotron (HP-PS), which is a major part of the design studies. This paper will provide an overview of the project and then focus on the preliminary ideas for the HP-PS design study.

MOP262

Observations of Space Charge Effects in the Spallation Neutron Source Accumulator Ring

simulation, coupling, space-charge, accumulation

223

R.E. Potts
ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
S.M. Cousineau, J.A. Holmes
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

Funding: ORNL/SNS is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.
The Spallation Neutron Source accumulator ring was designed to allow independent control of the transverse beam distribution in each plane. However, at high beam intensities, nonlinear space charge forces can strongly influence the final beam distribution and compromise our ability to independently control the transverse distributions. In this study we investigate the evolution of the beam at intensities of up to ~8x10¹³ ppp through both simulation and experiment. Specifically, we analyze the evolution of the beam distribution for beams with different transverse aspect ratios and tune splits. We present preliminary results of simulations of our experiments.

TUO3A02

Status and Results of the UA9 Crystal Collimation Experiment at the CERN-SPS

collimation, proton, ion, vacuum

245

S. Montesano, W. Scandale
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The UA9 experimental setup was installed in the CERN-SPS in 2009 to investigate the feasibility of the halo collimation assisted by bent crystals. Two-millimeter-long silicon crystals, with bending angles of about 150 microrad, are used as primary collimators instead than a standard amorphous target. Studies are performed with stored beams of protons and lead ions at 270 Z GeV. The loss profile is precisely measured in the area near to the crystal-collimator setup and in the downstream dispersion suppressor. A strong correlation of the losses in the two areas is observed and a steady reduction of dispersive losses is recorded at the onset of the channeling process. The loss map in the accelerator ring is is also reduced. These observations strongly support our expectation that the coherent deflection of the beam halo by a bent crystal should enhance the collimation efficiency in hadron colliders, such as LHC.
for the UA9 Collaboration

Slides TUO3A02 [5.936 MB]

TUO1B05

The Design and Commissioning of the Accelerator System of the Rare Isotope Reaccelerator - ReA3 at Michigan State University

cryomodule, rfq, ion, linac

269

X. Wu, B. Arend, C. Compton, A. Facco, M.J. Johnson, D. Lawton, D. Leitner, F. Montes, S. Nash, J. Ottarson, G. Perdikakis, J. Popielarski, J.A. Rodriguez, M.J. Syphers, W. Wittmer, Q. Zhao
NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Sciences under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661
The National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL) at Michigan State University (MSU) is currently constructing its new rare isotope reaccelerator facility: ReA3, which will provide unique low-energy rare isotope beams by stopping fast rare isotopes in gas stopping systems, boosting the charge state in an Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) and reaccelerating them in a superconducting linac. The rare isotope beams will be producted intially by Coupled Cyclotron Facility (CCF) at NSCL and later by Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), currently being designed and constructed at MSU. The accelerator system consists of a Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT), a room temperature RFQ and a linac utilizing superconducting QWRs. An achromatic High Energy Beam Transport (HEBT) will deliver the reaccelerated beams to the mutiple target stations. Beams from ReA3 will range from 3 MeV/u for heavy nuclei such as uranium to about 6 MeV/u for ions with A<50. The commissioning of the EBIT, RFQ and two cryomodules of the linac is currently underway. The ReA3 accelerator system design and status of commissioning will be presented.

Slides TUO1B05 [6.046 MB]

TUO3B05

Beam Dynamics of the 13 MeV/50 mA Proton Linac for the Compact Pulsed Hadron Source at Tsinghua University

rfq, proton, DTL, simulation

289

Q.Z. Xing, X. Guan, C. Jiang, C.-X. Tang, X.W. Wang, H.Y. Zhang, S.X. Zheng
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
J.H. Billen, J. Stovall, L.M. Young
TechSource, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA
G.H. Li
NUCTECH, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Funding: Work supported by the Major Research plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 91126003)
We present the start-to-end simulation result on the high-current proton linac for the Compact Pulsed Hadron Source (CPHS) at Tsinghua University. The CPHS project is a university-based proton accelerator platform (13 MeV, 16 kW, peak current 50 mA, 0.5 ms pulse width at 50 Hz) for multidisciplinary neutron and proton applications. The 13 MeV proton linac contains the ECR ion source, LEBT, RFQ, DTL and HEBT. The function of the whole accelerator system is to produce the proton beam, accelerate it to 13 MeV, and deliver it to the target where one uniform round beam spot is obtained with the diameter of 5 cm.

Slides TUO3B05 [7.715 MB]

TUO1C01

Recent Developments on High Intensity Beam Diagnostics at SNS

electron, proton, cathode, simulation

292

W. Blokland
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

Funding: ORNL/SNS is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.
The Spallation Neutron Source Ring accumulates 0.6 μs long proton bunches of up to 1.6·10¹⁴ protons with a typical peak current of over 50 A during a 1 ms cycle. To qualify the beam, we perform different transverse profile measurements that can be done at full intensity. The electron beam scanner performs a non-invasive measurement of the transverse and longitudinal profiles of the beam in the ring. Electrons passing over and through the proton beam are deflected and projected on a fluorescent screen. Analysis of the projection yields the transverse profile while multi transverse profiles offset in time yield the longitudinal profile. Progress made with this system will be discussed as well as temperature measurements of the stripping foil and other transverse measurements.

Slides TUO1C01 [15.498 MB]

TUO1C02

Online Monitoring System for the Waste Beam in the 3-GeV RCS of J-PARC

injection, monitoring, proton, linac

297

P.K. Saha, H. Harada, S. Hatakeyama, N. Hayashi, H. Hotchi, K. Yamamoto, M. Yoshimoto
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan

We have established two independent methods for monitoring the waste beam of only about 0.4% in the 3 GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron of the Japan Proton Accelerator. Although using conventional monitor systems, the measurement technique made it possible for clearly measuring such a waste beam even with significantly low error. One of the method uses a current transformer to measure the waste beam as a whole, while the other one uses a multi-wire profile monitor for clearly measuring beam profiles of both un-stripped and partially stripped components of the waste beam. While the raw signal measured by a CT (current transformer) contains a large noise, an FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation) analysis made it possible to clearly identify the beam signal corresponding to the frequency of the intermediate pulse. The waste beam was measured to be (0.38±0.03)%. Being non destructive, the 1st method is efficiently operating for online monitoring of the waste beam during the RCS user operation so as to directly know the the stripper foil condition and would have great importance for higher power operation.

Slides TUO1C02 [2.687 MB]

TUO3C05

Beam Commissioning Plan for CSNS Accelerators

DTL, linac, injection, optics

334

S. Wang, S. Fu, H.F. Ouyang, J. Peng
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Funding: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11175193)
The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is now under construction, and the beam commissioning of ion source will start from the end of 2013, and will last several years for whole accelerator. The commissioning plan for CSNS accelerators will be presented in the presentation, including the commissioning correlated parameters, the goal at different commissioning stages and some key commissioning procedures for each part of accelerators. The detailed schedule for commissioning will be also given.

Slides TUO3C05 [3.574 MB]

WEO3A03

Extraction, Transport and Collimation of the PSI 1.3 MW Proton Beam

proton, extraction, cyclotron, neutron

373

D. Reggiani
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

With an average operating beam power of 1.3 MW the PSI proton accelerator complex is currently leading the race towards the high intensity frontier of particle accelerators. This talk gives an overview of the extraction of the 590 MeV beam from the ring cyclotron and its low loss transport to the meson production targets M and E as well as to the SINQ spallation neutron source. Particular regard is given to the collimator system reshaping the beam which leaves the 40 mm thick graphite target E before reaching SINQ. Since 2011, up to 8 second long beam macro-pulses are regularly diverted to the new UCN spallation source by means of a fast kicker magnet. The switchover from the SINQ to the UCN beam line as well as the smooth beam transport up to the UCN spallation target constitute the subject of the last part of the talk.

Slides WEO3A03 [2.728 MB]

WEO3B01

FRIB Accelerator Beam Dynamics Design and Challenges

ion, linac, solenoid, rfq

404

Q. Zhao, A. Facco, F. Marti, E. Pozdeyev, M.J. Syphers, J. Wei, X. Wu, Y. Yamazaki, Y. Zhang
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661.
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) will be a new national user facility for nuclear science. This cw, high power, superconducting (SC), heavy ion driver linac consists of a frontend to provide various highly charged ions at 0.5 MeV/u, three SC acceleration segments connected by two 180° bending systems to achieve an output beam energy of ≥200 MeV/u for all varieties of stable ions, and a beam delivery system to transport multi-charge-state beams to a fragmentation target at beam power of up to 400 kW. The linac utilizes four types of low-beta resonators with one frequency transition from 80.5 to 322 MHz after Segment 1, where ion charge state(s) is boosted through a stripper at ≤20 MeV/u. The beam dynamics design challenges include simultaneous acceleration of multi-charge-state beams to meet beam-on-target requirements, efficient acceleration of high intensity, low energy heavy ion beams, limitation of uncontrolled beam loss to <1 W/m, accommodation of multiple charge stripping scenarios, etc. We present the recent optimizations on linac lattice, the results of end-to-end beam simulations with machine errors, and the simulation of beam tuning and fault conditions.

Slides WEO3B01 [7.899 MB]

WEO3B05

Using Step-Like Nonlinear Magnets for Beam Uniformization at IFMIF Target

neutron, multipole, octupole, controls

424

Z. Yang, J.Y. Tang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
N. Chauvin, P.A.P. Nghiem
CEA/DSM/IRFU, France

Uniform beam distribution and minimum beam halo on target are often required in high intensity beam applications to prolong the target lifetime, ease cooling and obtain better irradiation effect. In this report, step-like nonlinear magnets instead of standard multipole magnets have been studied for the application at IFMIF. Although the preliminary results are still below the very critical requirement of spot uniformity at the IFMIF target, they are quite permissive. The method demonstrates significant advantages over the conventional combination of octupole and duodecapole on very low beam loss, better uniformity and very low cost. Further studies are needed to fully meet the IFMIF specifications.

Slides WEO3B05 [1.487 MB]

WEO1C06

Measurement and Simulation of Luminosity Leveling in LHC via Beam Separation

luminosity, simulation, emittance, beam-beam-effects

451

S. Paret, J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
R. Alemany-Fernandez, R. Calaga, R. Giachino, W. Herr, D. Jacquet, G. Papotti, T. Pieloni, L. Ponce, M. Schaumann
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
R. Miyamoto
ESS, Lund, Sweden

Funding: This work supported by the US LHC Accelerator Research Program and the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
Leveling of the luminosity in LHC by means of separating the beams colliding at an interaction point is examined. An experiment in which the separation of the beams was stepwise increased to up to 2.5 times the beam width is presented. The luminosity at all IPs and emittance of the beams were measured to detect possible side effects of the collision with an offset. Strong-strong simulations that closely follow the experimental setup are discussed and compared with the measurements. Finally, potential alternatives for luminosity leveling are briefly described.

Slides WEO1C06 [1.031 MB]

WEO3C04

Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment Target Material Radiation Damage Studies Using Energetic Protons of the Brookhaven Linear Isotope Production (BLIP) Facility

proton, lattice, neutron, radiation

471

N. Simos
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
P. Hurh
Fermilab, Batavia, USA
Z. Kotsina
NCSR Demokritos, Attiki, Greece

One of the future multi-MW accelerators is the LBNE Experiment where Fermilab plans to produce a beam of neutrinos with a 2.3 MW proton beam as part of a suite of experiments associated with ProjectX. Specifically, the LBNE Neutrino Beam Facility aims for a 2⁺ MW, 60-120 GeV pulsed,high intensity proton beam produced in the ProjectX accelerator intercepted by a low Z solid target to facilitate the production of low energy neutrinos. The multi-MW level LBNE proton beam will be characterized by intensities of the order of 1.6·10⁺¹⁴ p/pulse, σ_radius of 1.5-3.5 mm and a 9.8 μs pulse length. These parameters are expected to push many target materials to their limit thus making the target design very challenging. Recent experience from operating high intensity beams on targets have indicated that several critical design issues exist namely thermal shock,heat removal, radiation damage,radiation accelerated corrosion effects,and residual radiation within the target envelope. A series of experimental studies on radiation damage and thermal shock response conducted at BNL and focusing on low-Z materials have unraveled potential issues regarding the damageability from energetic particle beams which may differ significantly from thermal reactor experience. Irradiation damage results for low-Z materials associated with the LBNE and other high power experiments will be presented.

Slides WEO3C04 [3.965 MB]

WEO3C06

Understanding Ion Induced Radiation Damage in Target Materials

ion, heavy-ion, radiation, controls

476

M. Tomut, C.L. Hubert
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
M. Tomut
INFIM, Bucharest, Romania

Successful operation of next generations of radioactive beam facilities depends on the target survival in conditions of intense radiation field and thermo-mechanical solicitations induced by the driving ion beam. Material property degradation due to ion- beam induced damage will limit target lifetime, either by affecting target performance or, by reducing the material resilience. Similar problems are faced by beam protection elements at LHC. Understanding the mechanism of radiation damage induced by ion beam in these materials provides valuable knowledge for lifetime prediction and for the efforts to mitigate performance degradation. On their way through the target material, energetic heavy ions induce a trail of ionizations and excitations, resulting in formation of ion tracks consisting of complex defect structures. We give a review on the ion-induced damage creation in high power target materials, on the structural and thermo-mechanical property degradation and on their recovery in high temperature irradiation experiments.

Slides WEO3C06 [4.439 MB]

THO3B01

Proton Beam Inter-Bunch Extinction and Extinction Monitoring for the Mu2e Experiment

proton, dipole, simulation, collimation

532

E. Prebys
Fermilab, Batavia, USA

Funding: U.S. Department of Energy
The goal of the Mu2e experiment at Fermilab will be the search for the conversion of a muon into an electron in the field of a nucleus, with a precision roughly four orders of magnitude better than the current limit. The experiment requires a beam consisting of short (~200 ns FW) bunches of protons are separated by roughly 1.5 microseconds. Because the most significant backgrounds are prompt with respect to the arrival of the protons, out of time beam must be suppressed at a level of at least 10^-10 relative to in time beam. The removal of out of time beam is known as "extinction". This talk will discuss the likely sources of out of time beam and the steps we plan to take to remove it. In addition, the plan for monitoring the extinction level will be presented.

Slides THO3B01 [6.380 MB]

THO1C01

High Intensity Operation and Control of Beam Losses in a Cyclotron Based Accelerator

cyclotron, extraction, proton, neutron

555

M. Seidel, J. Grillenberger, A.C. Mezger
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

This presentation discusses aspects of high intensity operation in PSI's cyclotron based proton accelerator (HIPA). Major beam loss mechanisms and tuning methods to minimize losses are presented. Concept and optimization of low loss beam extraction from a cyclotron are described. Collimators are used to localize beam losses and activation. Activation levels of accelerator components are shown. An overview on instrumentation for loss monitoring and prevention of failure situations is given. Other relevant aspects include the beam trip statistics and grid to beam power conversion efficiency.

Slides THO1C01 [3.642 MB]

THO1C05

Status and Beam Commissioning Plan of PEFP 100 MeV Proton Linac

linac, proton, DTL, site

570

J.-H. Jang, S. Cha, Y.-S. Cho, D.I. Kim, H.S. Kim, H.-J. Kwon, Y.M. Li, B.-S. Park, J.Y. Ryu, K.T. Seol, Y.-G. Song, S.P. Yun
KAERI, Daejon, Republic of Korea

Funding: This work was supported by Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of the Korean government.
The proton engineering frontier project (PEFP) is developing a 100 MeV proton linac which consists of a 50 keV injector, a 3 MeV RFQ (radio frequency quadrupole), and a 100 MeV DTL (drift tube linac). The installation of the linac was finished on March this year. The other elements including the high power RF components will be installed after completing the other part of the accelerator building. The beam commissioning is scheduled at the end of this year. This work summarized the status of the PEFP linac development and the beam commissioning plan.

Slides THO1C05 [5.104 MB]

THO3C01

Optical Transition Radiation for Non-relativistic Ion Beams

ion, photon, radiation, electron

580

B. Walasek-Höhne, C.A. Andre, F. Becker, P. Forck, A. Reiter, M. Schwickert, R. Singh
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
A.H. Lumpkin
Fermilab, Batavia, USA

In this contribution, recent results of Optical Transition Radiation (OTR) measurements with a non-relativistic heavy-ion beam will be presented. This feasibility study was prompted by previous measurements [1] and the theoretical estimation of expected signal strengths for the GSI linear accelerator UNILAC. For this experiment, an 11.4 MeV/u Uranium beam was chosen to investigate OTR signal from several target materials and to evaluate the working regime for the used experimental setup. The OTR light was either observed directly with an Image Intensified CCD camera (ICCD) or indirectly via a spectrometer for wavelength resolved data. A moveable stripping foil allowed measurements with two different ion charge states. The theoretical q2 dependency of the OTR process predicts a six-fold increase in light yield which was confirmed experimentally. Obtained OTR beam profiles were compered to SEM-Grid data. Moreover, ICCD gating feature, as well as the emitted light spectrum ruled out contribution of any background sources with longer emission time constant e.g. blackbody radiation.
[1] C. Bal et al., "OTR from Non-relativistic Electrons", Proceedings of DIPAC03, PM04, Mainz Germany.

Slides THO3C01 [1.905 MB]

THO3C03

Beam Induced Fluorescence - Profile Monitoring for Targets and Transport

vacuum, electron, ion, cathode

586

F. Becker, C.A. Andre, C. Dorn, P. Forck, R. Haseitl, B. Walasek-Höhne
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
T. Dandl, T. Heindl, A. Ulrich
TUM/Physik, Garching bei München, Germany
J. Egberts, T. Papaevangelou
CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
J. Marroncle
CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

Online profile diagnostic is preferred to monitor intense hadron beams at the Facility of Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR). One instrument for beam profile measurement is the gas based Beam Induced Fluorescence (BIF)-monitor. It relies on the optical fluorescence of residual gas, excited by beam particles. In front of production targets for radioactive ion beams or in plasma physics applications, vacuum constraints are less restrictive and allow a sufficient number of fluorescence photons, even at minimum ionizing energies. Unwanted effects like radiation damage and radiation induced background need to be addressed as well. A profile comparison of BIF and Ionization Profile Monitor (IPM) in nitrogen and rare gases is presented. We studied the BIF method from 10^-3 to 30 mbar with an imaging spectrograph. Preferable fluorescence transitions and fundamental limitations are discussed.

Slides THO3C03 [7.371 MB]

THO3C06

On-line Calibration Schemes for RF-based Beam Diagnostics

pick-up, resonance, proton, diagnostics

601

P.-A. Duperrex, U. Müller
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

RF-based beam diagnostics such as BPMs and beam current monitors rely on precise RF signal measurements. Temperature drifts and differences in the overall measurement chain gain make such measurements very challenging and calibration validity over time is an issue. Over some years, on-line calibration schemes for BPMs and current monitors have been developed. These innovative schemes are based on the use of a pilot signal at a frequency offset from the measurement frequency. Results, advantages and disadvantages of such schemes are discussed.

Slides THO3C06 [2.742 MB]