EPAC08 - List of Keywords (diagnostics)

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diagnostics

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPC004	First Results from the Upgraded PITZ Facility	gun, laser, electron, cathode	70
	J. W. Baehr, S. Lederer DESY, Hamburg G. Asova INRNE, Sofia C. H. Boulware, H.-J. Grabosch, M. Hänel, Ye. Ivanisenko, S. Khodyachykh, S. A. Korepanov, M. Krasilnikov, B. Petrosyan, S. Rimjaem, T. A. Scholz, R. Spesyvtsev, L. Staykov, F. Stephan DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen L. Hakobyan YerPhI, Yerevan R. Richter BESSY GmbH, Berlin J. Roensch Uni HH, Hamburg K. Rosbach Humboldt University Berlin, Institut für Physik, Berlin A. Shapovalov MEPhI, Moscow
	During autumn and winter 2007 a general reconstruction of the PITZ facility was performed. A new spectrometer based on a dipole magnet with 180 degree deflection angle was inserted in the facility. The new spectrometer contains two screen stations for the measuring of the longitudinal phase space and the slice emittance. A new "Conditioning Test Stand" (CTS) was added to the facility. Using this CTS a new electron gun having an improved cooling system is under conditioning. A new photocathode laser system (developed by MBI) was installed and commissioned. The goal is to reach rise and fall times of the laser pulses of 2 ps. The system of laser diagnostic was upgraded. The results reached using this upgraded facility are reported. This concerns the conditioning results of the new gun. Furthermore, a gun will be characterised using the new diagnostics beamline and the new photocathode laser. Results of the commissioning and first measurements of the new diagnostics components will be reported.

MOPC057	R&D Energy Recovery Linac at Brookhaven National Laboratory	gun, linac, electron, klystron	193
	V. Litvinenko, D. Beavis, I. Ben-Zvi, M. Blaskiewicz, A. Burrill, R. Calaga, P. Cameron, X. Chang, K. A. Drees, G. Ganetis, D. M. Gassner, H. Hahn, L. R. Hammons, A. Hershcovitch, H.-C. Hseuh, A. K. Jain, A. Kayran, J. Kewisch, R. F. Lambiase, D. L. Lederle, G. J. Mahler, G. T. McIntyre, W. Meng, T. C. Nehring, B. Oerter, C. Pai, D. Pate, D. Phillips, E. Pozdeyev, T. Rao, J. Reich, T. Roser, T. Russo, K. Smith, J. E. Tuozzolo, D. Weiss, N. Williams, K. Yip, A. Zaltsman BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York H. Bluem, M. D. Cole, A. J. Favale, D. Holmes, J. Rathke, T. Schultheiss AES, Medford, NY J. R. Delayen, L. W. Funk, H. L. Phillips, J. P. Preble Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia
	Collider Accelerator Department at BNL is in the final stages of developing the 20-MeV R&D energy recovery linac with super-conducting 2.5 MeV RF gun and single-mode super-conducting 5-cell RF linac. This unique facility aims to address many outstanding questions relevant for high current (up to 0.5 A of average current), high brightness energy-recovery linacs with novel Zigzag-type merger. We present the performance of the R&D ERL elements and detailed commissioning plan.

MOPC065	Wake Field Simulations for Structures of the PITZ RF Photoinjector: Emittance growth estimations	emittance, simulation, gun, electron	217
	E. Arevalo, W. Ackermann, E. Gjonaj, W. F.O. Müller, S. Schnepp, T. Weiland TEMF, Darmstadt
	One of the main concerns in the design of electron guns is the generation of low-emittance beams. One source of emittance growth is the beam-surrounding effect, which can be estimated from the wake potentials along the beam path. For the calculation of these potentials an accurate knowledge of the short range wake fields induced in the different parts of the gun with geometrical discontinuities is necessary. The computation of these wake fields is a challenging problem, as an accurate resolution for both the small bunch and the large model geometry is needed. Here with the help of numerical wake-potential calculations we analytically estimate the emittance growth for the RF electron gun of the Photoninjector Test Facility at DESY Zeuthen (PITZ).

MOPC080	Status of the FERMI@Elettra Photoinjector	gun, laser, electron, controls	247
	M. Trovo, L. Badano, S. Biedron, D. Castronovo, F. Cianciosi, P. Craievich, G. D'Auria, M. B. Danailov, M. Ferianis, S. V. Milton, G. Penco, L. Pivetta, L. Rumiz, D. Wang ELETTRA, Basovizza, Trieste H. Badakov, A. Fukasawa, B. D. O'Shea, J. B. Rosenzweig UCLA, Los Angeles, California M. Eriksson, D. Kumbaro, F. Lindau MAX-lab, Lund
	The new FERMI@Elettra photoinjector is presently undergoing high-power testing and characterization at MAX-Lab in Lund Sweden. This effort is a collaboration between Sincrotrone Trieste, MAX-Lab and UCLA. The 1.6-cell RF gun cavity and the focusing solenoid were successfully designed and built by the Particle Beam Physics Laboratory at UCLA, delivered to Sincrotrone Trieste at the beginning of 2008, and installed in the linac tunnel at MAX-Lab. Use of the MAX-Lab facility will allow the FERMI project to progress significantly with the photoinjector while waiting for the completion of the new linac building extension at Sincrotrone Trieste. We report here on the high-power conditioning of the RF cavity and the first beam tests. Furthermore, a preliminary characterization of the 5 MeV beam will also be presented.

MOPC140	Status of the Multipurpose Fully Superconducting ECR Ion Source	plasma, ion, injection, extraction	400
	G. Ciavola, L. Celona, S. Gammino, F. Maimone, D. Mascali INFN/LNS, Catania H. A. Koivisto JYFL, Jyvaskyla R. Lang, J. Maeder, J. Rossbach, P. Spaedtke, K. Tinschert GSI, Darmstadt
	The MSECRIS source has been designed with the aim to exceed the highest currents of highly charged heavy ions available up to now. It is based on a minimum B trap made of a hexapole and three solenoids. The design magnetic field is 2.7 T for the hexapole and 4.5 T for the mirror field, in order to permit to operate not only at 28 GHz but also at higher frequency, thus increasing the plasma density and finally the beam current. Such high level of magnetic field is a challenge because of the forces arising on the superconducting coils and it largely exceeds the highest magnetic field available for existing ECRIS. A description of the source and of its preliminary results will be given. The source has been built in the frame of the European collaboration EURONS/JRA07-ISIBHI and it is now installed at the EIS testbench of GSI.

MOPD001	SRF Capabilities at ACCEL in view of ILC/XFEL	vacuum	445
	M. Pekeler, S. Bauer, M. Peiniger, H. Vogel, P. vom Stein ACCEL, Bergisch Gladbach
	In the last decade, ACCEL has manufactured a variety of prototype SRF cavities but also more than 100 TESLA shape 1.3 GHz 9 cell cavities and more than 100 SNS 805 MHz 6-cell cavities. For the ILC R&D at FNAL, we have delivered 12 ILC 9-cell 1.3 GHz cavities and are currently producing 12 additional such cavities. ACCEL is prepared for the industrial production of cavities, couplers and also the module assembly for the XFEL. We have internally evaluated the needs and costs for an in house production of the XFEL cavities. Within an industrial study we have analysed the coupler production for the XFEL, developed a series production adapted XFEL coupler design based on the TTF-III coupler and determined the costs for the series production. ACCEL participated also in a module assembly study and investigated the costs for manpower and infrastructure to manufacture the needed modules for the XFEL within the forseen time of three years. Last year ACCEL was contracted by DESY to built up an industrial plant for electropolishing 1.3 GHz 9 cell cavities. This plant is in routine operation since November 2007 and we have sucessfully electropolished the first series of 10 cavities for DESY.

MOPD009	Status of the Superconducting Cavity Development for ILC at MHI	superconducting-RF, linac	463
	K. Sennyu, H. Hara, M. Matsuoka, T. Yanagisawa MHI, Kobe
	We report on the activities and achievements at MHI in the field of the superconducting cavity development for ILC. We describe especially the new procedures of cavity production for mass production.

MOPP035	ILC Siting in Dubna Region (Russia) and ILC activity in JINR	site, collider, linear-collider, laser	622
	G. Shirkov, Ju. Boudagov, Yu. N. Denisov, I. N. Meshkov, A. N. Sissakian, G. V. Trubnikov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region
	The report presents the development of investigations on ILC siting in the Dubna region and ILC technical activity at JINR. Russia is one of candidates now for ILC hosting in the Dubna region. International intergovernmental status of JINR, stable geological and plain relief conditions comfortable location, well developed infrastructure create powerful advantages of JINR among other possible sites. Shallow layout of tunnels and experimental halls could significantly reduce the cost of conventional facilities and siting. Besides JINR physicists take part in several fields of activity in ILC: works on photo injector prototype, participation in design and construction of cryomodules, laser metrology, etc.

MOPP044	Cavity Diagnostic System for the Vertical Test of the STF Baseline 9-cell Cavity at KEK	monitoring, electron, controls, survey	643
	Y. Yamamoto, H. Hayano, E. Kako, S. Noguchi, M. Satoh, T. Shishido, K. Umemori, K. Watanabe KEK, Ibaraki S.-I. Moon POSTECH, Pohang, Kyungbuk H. Sakai, K. Shinoe ISSP/SRL, Chiba Q. J. Xu IHEP Beijing, Beijing
	Four 9-cell cavities, which are TESLA-type 9-cell cavities, were developed and tested in KEK for the future ILC project. A simple cavity diagnostic system was introduced to search the heating spot and to detect the x-ray emission. It is composed of the carbon resistors and the PIN photo diodes. They were attached on the equator of the cell, around the HOM couplers and on the end flanges. They were very effective to search the heating spot and to detect the x-ray emission during the vertical tests. All cavities eventually had the heating spot around the equator in the final state of the vertical test. It is conceivable that the quality of the electron beam welding was somewhat poor, when the dumbbells were connected. On this February, a new vertical test facility will be completed in STF (Superconducting RF Test Facility). Six 9-cell cavities will be tested by using the new system for S0 plan, which goal is the higher accelerating gradient for ILC. The new temperature and x-ray mapping system and new DAQ system will be introduced. This paper reports the recent status in the new vertical test facility in KEK-STF.

MOPP109	Status of the 100 MeV Preinjector for the ALBA Synchrotron	linac, gun, single-bunch, electron	811
	A. Falone, D. Einfeld, M. Pont ALBA, Bellaterra D. Jousse, J.-L. Pastre, F. Rodriguez, A. S. Setty THALES, Colombes A. Sacharidis EuroMev, Buc
	A turn key 100 MeV linac has been constructed by THALES in order to inject electrons into the booster synchrotron of ALBA. The linac will be commissioned in May 2008. This paper will remind the main features of the linac* and will give results obtained during the commissioning tests. The energy and emittance measurements will be done on the transfer line conceived and realized by CELLS. * D. Einfeld "Status of ALBA", PAC07, Albuquerque, USA, June 2007. ** A. Setty "Beam dynamics of the 100 MeV preinjector for the spanish synchrotron ALBA", PAC07, Albuquerque, USA, June 2007.

MOPP116	Commissioning of the Cornell ERL Injector RF Systems	klystron, controls, linac, factory	832
	S. A. Belomestnykh, J. Dobbins, R. P.K. Kaplan, M. Liepe, P. Quigley, J. J. Reilly, C. R. Strohman, V. Veshcherevich CLASSE, Ithaca
	Two high power 1300 MHz RF systems have been developed for the Cornell University ERL Injector. The first system, based on a 16 kWCW IOT transmitter, is to provide RF power to a buncher cavity. The second system employs five 120 kWCW klystrons to feed 2-cell superconducting cavities of the injector cryomodule. The sixth, spare klystron is used to power a deflecting cavity in a pulsed mode for beam diagnostics. A digital LLRF control stem was designed and implemented for precise regulation of the cavities’ field amplitudes and phases. All components of these systems have been recently installed and commissioned. The results from the first turn-on of the systems are presented.

MOPP153	Cavity Diagnostics Using Rotating Mapping System for L-band ERL Superconducting Cavity	radiation, electron, linac, quadrupole	907
	H. Sakai, K. Shinoe ISSP/SRL, Chiba T. Furuya, T. Takahashi, K. Umemori KEK, Ibaraki M. Sawamura JAEA/ERL, Ibaraki
	We are developing the L-band superconducting cavity for Energy Recovery Linac in Japan. In order to survey the electron emission and the heating spot of the cavity inner surface in detail, cavity diagnostics with the rotating mapping system was applied for the vertical tests of our cavities. Two types of sensor, one of which is the carbon resistor and the other is the Si PIN photo diode, was equipped to detect the temperature rise and electron emission. These two sensor arrays were arranged along the cavity axis and set on the rotating mechanics with servo motor. By rotating the sensor arrays around the cavity axis, a lot of information is obtained all over the cavity surface in detail. It is preferable that the number of sensors will be reduced compared with the usual cavity mapping system by using this rotating mapping system. We have already fabricated the Nb single cell cavities which is optimised for ERL operation and then performed the vertical test of Nb ERL single cell cavities. This paper reports the results of the mapping system with Nb single cell ERL-shape cavities.

TUOAM02	The Status of the Daresbury Energy Recovery Linac Prototype	gun, linac, laser, radiation	1001
	D. J. Holder, P. A. McIntosh, S. L. Smith STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire N. Bliss STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire A. R. Goulden STFC/DL/SRD, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire
	This paper provides an update on the progress with the building and commissioning of the Energy Recovery Linac Prototype (ERLP). The past year has seen a number of notable achievements as well as a number of obstacles to overcome. The detailed results from the gun commissioning work are described elsewhere at this conference. ERLP is a 35 MeV technology demonstrator being built as part of the UK's R&D programme to develop its next-generation light source (NLS). It is based on a combination of a DC photocathode electron gun, a superconducting injector linac and a main linac operating in energy recovery mode. These drive an IR-FEL, an inverse Compton Back-Scattering (CBS) x-ray source and a terahertz beamline. The priorities for ERLP are to gain experience of operating a photoinjector gun and superconducting linacs; to produce and maintain high-brightness electron beams; to achieve energy recovery from an FEL-disrupted beam; the development of an electro-optic longitudinal profile monitor and to study challenging synchronisation issues. ERLP will also act as an injector for what will be the world's first non-scaling, Fixed-Field Alternating Gradient (FFAG) accelerator called EMMA.
	Slides

TUZM01	Recent Development of Diagnostics on 3rd Generation Light Sources	emittance, feedback, electron, injection	1016
	G. Rehm Diamond, Oxfordshire
	A Review of the most performing diagnostics on 3rd generation light sources will be given. Starting with the target performance specification of recent 3rd generation light sources, the demands for diagnostics will be highlighted. Topics include beam position monitors and their integration, emittance measurement by imaging of the stored beam or interference methods and diagnostic requirements for top-up operation. A survey on recent developments and the achieved performances at different accelerators will be presented.
	Slides

TUOCM01	First Measurements of the Longitudinal Bunch Profile at SLAC Using Coherent Smith-Purcell Radiation at 28GeV	radiation, background, linear-collider, collider	1026
	V. Blackmore, G. Doucas, B. Ottewell, C. Perry OXFORDphysics, Oxford, Oxon R. Arnold, S. Molloy, M. Woods SLAC, Menlo Park, California M. F. Kimmitt University of Essex, Physics Centre, Colchester
	Coherent Smith-Purcell radiation has been demonstrated as a technique for measuring the longitudinal profile of charged particles bunches in the low to intermediate energy range. However, with the advent of the International Linear Collider, the need has arisen for a non-invasive method of measuring the bunch profile at extremely high energies. Smith-Purcell radiation has been used for the first time in the multi-GeV regime to measure the longitudinal profile of the 28GeV SLAC beam. The experiment has both successfully determined the bunch length, and has also demonstrated its sensitivity to bunch profile changes. The challenges associated with this technique, and its prospects as a diagnostic tool are reported here.
	Slides

TUPC002	Design of a Tomography Module for the PITZ Facility	quadrupole, emittance, space-charge, electron	1038
	G. Asova, K. Floettmann DESY, Hamburg D. J. Holder, B. D. Muratori STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire S. Khodyachykh, S. A. Korepanov, M. Krasilnikov, S. Rimjaem, F. Stephan DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen
	The goal of the Photo Injector Test Facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ) is to develop sources of high phase-space density electron beams that are required for the successful operation of SASE FELs. This requires detailed characterization of the sources and therefore the development of suitable advanced diagnostics. As part of the ongoing upgrade towards higher beam energies, new diagnostics components are being installed. An example is a tomography module for transverse phase space reconstruction which is designed to operate in the energy range between 15 and 40 MeV. The module consists of four observation screens with three FODO cells between them. A number of upstream quadrupoles are used to match the beam envelope parameters to the optics of the FODO lattice. This contribution presents the final design of the tomography module. Data from numerical simulations are used to illustrate the expected performance and to compare it to a simplified setup of two quadrupoles. The quality of the reconstruction is revised with the help of different algorithms.

TUPC004	The Diagnostic Line of Elettra Booster 100MeV Pre-injector	controls, bunching, booster, pick-up	1044
	S. Bassanese, L. Badano, M. Bossi, A. Carniel, G. Ciani, S. Di Mitri, M. Ferianis, G. Mian, G. Penco, M. Veronese ELETTRA, Basovizza, Trieste
	In order to fully characterize the beam of the new 100MeV linac pre-injector for the Elettra Booster, a standard diagnostic set-up has been designed which includes strip line BPMs, scintillating screens and current transformers. During the initial tuning of the pre-injector, a thermo-ionic gun followed by a 500MHz pre bunching cavity, an S-band bunching structure and two LIL accelerating sections, some extra diagnostics have been used to get a deeper understanding of the pre-injector operating point. In particular some prototypes of the FERMI@elettra diagnostics, installed on the same booster pre-injector, have been used to better characterize the beam transverse and longitudinal beam axis. An improved resolution screen system, equipped with a YAG screen, has been used as well as a wideband longitudinal pick-up. The measurement results as well as the tuning procedure are here presented.

TUPC006	A CompactRIO-based Beam Loss Monitor for the SNS RF Test Cave	beam-losses, radiation, controls, power-supply	1050
	W. Blokland, G. Armstrong ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
	An RF Test Cave has been built at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) to be able to test RF cavities without interfering the SNS accelerator operations. In addition to using thick concrete wall to minimize radiation exposure, a Beam Loss Monitor (BLM) must abort the operation within 100 μsec when the integrated radiation within the cave exceeds a threshold. We choose the CompactRIO platform to implement the BLM based on its performance, cost-effectiveness, and rapid development. Each in/output module is connected through an FPGA to provide point-by-point processing. Every 10 μsec the data is acquired analyzed and compared to the threshold. Data from the FPGA is transferred using DMA to the real-time controller, which communicates to a gateway PC to talk to the SNS control system. The system includes diagnostics to test the hardware and integrates the losses in real-time. In this paper we describe our design, implementation, and results.

TUPC008	Beam Diagnostics with IR Light Emitted by Positron at DAΦNE	positron, radiation, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation	1056
	A. Bocci, A. Clozza, A. Drago, A. G. Grilli, A. Marcelli, A. R. Raco, R. S. Sorchetti INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma) A. De Sio, L. Gambicorti, E. Pace Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze E. P. Emanuele Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze M. P. Piccinini Università Roma Tre, Roma J. P. Piotrowski Vigo System Sa, Warsaw
	Real-time beam diagnostics is mandatory in accelerators and represents one of the most challenging issues of modern storage rings and future FEL's. Recently, compact mid-IR fast uncooled photo-detectors have been used at DAΦNE to monitor single e^- bunches using the SINBAD IR beamline installed on the e^- ring. Electron bunches have a FWHM of 150-300 ps and are separated by 2.7 ns. Detectors performances are then suitable for a compact and low cost bunch-by-bunch longitudinal diagnostic device. To improve the DAΦNE diagnostic a bending magnet SR port on the e⁺ ring has been set-up with a HV chamber, a gold-coated plane mirror and a ZnSe window. To collect the SR light and focus radiation on IR detectors allowing the diagnostic of e⁺ a compact optical system has been installed in air after the window. Here we will present the status of the apparatus, the source characteristics, the optical setup and the complete acquisition system. This IR port will allow comparison in the ns time domain between data collected on both rings, and could be also used to improve DAΦNE diagnostics, i.e., identify and characterize bunch instabilities and/or increase the current in the e⁺ ring. M. Cestelli Guidi et al. J. Opt. Soc. Amer. A 22, 2810 (2005). **A. Bocci et al. NIM-A, 580, 190 (2007).

TUPC010	Single Bunch Studies at the Australian Synchrotron	impedance, single-bunch, storage-ring, synchrotron	1062
	R. T. Dowd, M. J. Boland, G. LeBlanc, M. J. Spencer, Y. E. Tan ASP, Clayton, Victoria
	Studies using a single high charge electron bunch have been conducted at the Australian Synchrotron to characterise the impedance of the machine at various stages of commissioning and insertion device configuration. This paper will present the results of these studies and show the time evolution of machine impedance with increasing number of insertion devices.

TUPC011	Micron Size Laser-wire System at the ATF Extraction Line	laser, electron, simulation, optics	1065
	A. Aryshev, G. A. Blair, S. T. Boogert, G. E. Boorman, A. Bosco, L. Corner, L. Deacon, N. Delerue, B. Foster, F. Gannaway, D. F. Howell, V. Karataev, L. J. Nevay, M. Newman, R. Senanayake, R. Walczak JAI, Egham, Surrey H. Hayano, N. Terunuma, J. Urakawa KEK, Ibaraki
	The ATF extraction line laser-wire system has recently been upgraded allowing the measurement of micron scale transverse size electron beams. We report on the hardware upgrades, including focusing lens, laser and mechanical systems. First measurements using the new system from recent operation at the ATF in KEK are presented.

TUPC012	MICE: The International Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment: Diagnostic Systems	emittance, factory, dipole, quadrupole	1068
	A. D. Bross Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois T. L. Hart IIT, Chicago, Illinois
	The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment will make detailed measurements of muon ionization cooling using a new constructed low-energy muon beam at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory. The experiment is a single-particle experiment and utilizes many detector techniques from High-Energy Physics experiments. To characterize and monitor the muon beam line, newly developed scintillating fiber profile monitors will employed. In order to monitor the purity of the beam and tag the arrival time of individual muons, a dual Aerogel Cerenkov system and a plastic scintillator time-of-flight system will be used. The 4-momenta of the muons will be measured by two identical spectrometer systems (one before and one after the cooling apparatus) which employ a fiber tracker that utilizes 350 micron diameter scintillator fiber. An additional time-of-flight system and electron and muon calorimeters are used to tag outgoing muons. We will discuss the design of the MICE diagnostic systems, the operation and give the first results from beam measurements in the MICE experimental hall. A. Bross on behalf of the MICE collaboration.

TUPC013	A Compact and Versatile Diagnostic Tool for CNAO Injection Line	ion, emittance, injection, proton	1071
	J. Bosser, G. Balbinot, S. Bini, M. Caldara, V. Chimenti, L. Lanzavecchia, A. Parravicini CNAO Foundation, Milan A. Clozza, V. Lollo INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma)
	CNAO, the first Italian center for deep hadrontherapy, is presently in its final step of construction. It will provide treatments with active scanning both with proton and carbon ion beams. Commissioning of the injection lines will be started by the time of the presentation of this report. CNAO beams are generated by two ECR sources, which are both able to produce both particle species. The beam energy in the Low Energy Beam Transfer (LEBT) line is 8 keV/u. A compact and versatile tank has been designed that contains a complete set of diagnostic tools. It is only 390mm long; it houses two horizontal and two vertical plates to suppress beam halo, measure emittance and eventually to limit beam size. It also comprises two wire scanners, for vertical and horizontal beam transverse profile, as well as a Faraday Cup for current measurement. Synchronous profile and intensity measurements and phase space distribution reconstruction can be performed with one tank monitors. Five identical tanks are installed in the LEBT, as consequence of a standardization strategy to facilitate monitoring and make maintenance easier. Expected performances and preliminary beam measurements are presented.

TUPC014	SSRF Injector Diagnostics Commissioning Results	booster, linac, emittance, radiation	1074
	Y. Z. Chen, J. Chen, Z. C. Chen, Y. B. Leng, Y. B. Yan, W. M. Zhou SINAP, Shanghai
	This paper presents Injector beam diagnostics layout of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF) which includes the 150MeV LINAC, booster(3.5GeV) and beam transport lines. The different beam diagnostics monitors for beam current, beam position and beam profile are briefly described. The beam diagnostics data acquisition architecture is introduced. Commissioning Results of the 150Mev LINAC are presented, as well as the commissioning status of the booster .

TUPC017	Beam Instrumentation System Development and Commissioning in SSRF	booster, linac, storage-ring, feedback	1080
	Y. B. Leng, J. Chen, Y. Z. Chen, Z. C. Chen, G. Q. Huang, D. K. Liu, Y. B. Yan, K. R. Ye, C. X. Yin, J. Yu, L. Y. Yu, R. Yuan, G. B. Zhao, L. Y. Zhao, W. M. Zhou, Y. Zou SINAP, Shanghai
	In recent months the first beams have been stored in the Storage Ring of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF). The brief introduction will be given of the beam diagnostics system development. The initial commissioning results including beam profile monitors, beam position monitors (BPMs), DC current monitors (DCCT), and synchrotron radiation monitor (SRM) will be reported in this paper.

TUPC020	Development of Non-destructive Beam Current Measurement for the iThemba LABS Cyclotrons	cyclotron, pick-up, proton, target	1089
	Z. Kormány ATOMKI, Debrecen J. L. Conradie, J. L.G. Delsink, D. T. Fourie, J. V. Pilcher, P. F. Rohwer iThemba LABS, Somerset West K. Juhasz University of Debrecen, Debrecen
	The 200 MeV separated-sector cyclotron and its two 8 MeV solid-pole injector cyclotrons at iThemba LABS deliver beams of light and heavy ions, as well as polarized protons, with variable energy for nuclear physics research, a low-intensity proton 200 MeV beam for proton therapy and a high-intensity 66 MeV proton beam for neutron therapy and the production of radioisotopes. The intensity of the 66 MeV proton beam has recently been increased to 250 μA. This necessitated development of non-destructive beam diagnostic equipment, amongst others, for beam current measurement at various positions in the different beamlines. It was decided to determine the beam current by digitizing and analyzing the signals from capacitive phase probes on-line, instead of using more costly DC beam-current transformers. It was also important to design the phase probes with as low as possible inductance in their support to the diagnostic vacuum chambers to eliminate ringing in the probe signals. The design of the probes, the analyses of the probe signals and the results that were obtained with the equipment will be presented.

TUPC022	Non-destructive Beam Position and Profile Measurements Using Light Emitted by Residual Gas in a Cyclotron Beam Line	proton, cyclotron, vacuum, controls	1095
	J. Dietrich FZJ, Jülich C. Boehme UniDo/IBS, Dortmund A. H. Botha, J. L. Conradie, M. A. Crombie, J. H. Du Toit, D. T. Fourie, H. W. Mostert, P. F. Rohwer, P. A. van Schalkwyk iThemba LABS, Somerset West T. Weis DELTA, Dortmund
	Non-destructive beam position and profile measurements were made in the transfer beam line between an 8 MeV solid-pole injector cyclotron and a 200 MeV separated-sector cyclotron that is used for nuclear physics research, radioisotope production and proton and neutron therapy. Light emitted from the beam induced ionization of residual gas particles was measured using a multi-cathode photomultiplier tube (PMT). The PMT was mounted outside the vacuum system on a diagnostic chamber and light passing through a glas window was focused on the photocathode array by means of a lens. The anode currents of the PMT were measured with computer-controlled electronic equipment recently developed for measuring the currents of multi-wire beam profile monitors. Software was developed to control the measurement processes, remove offset values and further process the data digitally. The measured beam positions and profiles were compared with those determined with a multi-wire beam profile monitor for a 3.14 MeV proton beam. It was necessary to shield the PMT from gamma rays generated on nearby slits. The design of the measuring equipment is discussed and the results of the measurements are presented.

TUPC024	Video Profile Monitors Development for the CTF3 Probe Beam Linac	linac, laser, emittance, collider	1101
	W. Farabolini, G. Adroit, P. Girardot, R. Granelli, F. Harrault, C. L.H. Lahonde-Hamdoun, T. Lerch, F. Orsini CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette
	The innovative CLIC concept is currently under study in the CLIC Test Facility (CTF3) at CERN where the acceleration of a probe beam will be demonstrated. This probe beam, delivered by a linac called CALIFES, is composed of short bunches (0.75 ps, 0.6 nC) at 170 MeV with normalized emittance lower than 20 mm.mrad. Measurements of longitudinal charges distribution, transverse emittance and energy spectrum rely on Video Profile Monitors (VPM) after appropriate manipulations of the beam (deflecting cavity, quad scan and analysis dipole). We report the design, development and tests of these new VPMs based on selectable YAG/OTR screens, optical line and CCD camera. Two selectable magnifications (1.75 and 0.33) are available via motorized lens mounts to comply both with resolution (20 μm) and field of view (10x10mm²). Study of optical line characteristics have been realised with Apilux software and Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) were measured. A grid pattern can be inserted at the screens position to check optical characteristics during operations. Tilt of the CCD plan in order to compensate the screen tilt of 15° has not proven to improve the depth of field and was not implemented.

TUPC030	Transverse Electron Beam Size Effect on the Bunch Profile Determination with Coherent Radiation Diagnostics	optics, radiation, electron, free-electron-laser	1113
	O. Grimm, H. Delsim-Hashemi, J. Rossbach Uni HH, Hamburg V. Balandin, N. Golubeva DESY, Hamburg
	Longitudinal diagnostics of electron bunches can be done by measurement of coherent radiation (e.g., in the form of transition radiation) and subsequent extraction of the form factor. By measuring short wavelengths, fine structures in the bunch can be resolved. However, the form factor depends on the three-dimensional charge density distribution, and the usual practice of considering only a one-dimensional line charge in interpreting the radiation spectra is questionable, as the finite transverse extend of the electron bunch can reduce the form factor magnitude at short wavelengths. An experimental study of this issue using a two stage single shot spectrometer has been carried out at the FLASH free-electron laser at DESY, Hamburg. The coherent transition radiation spectra for two beam optics settings were recorded and compared. In one setting the transverse beam size at the transition radiation target screen has been blown up by a factor of about 3.5 compared to the second setting. The ratio of these two spectra shows a suppression of radiation intensity at short wavelengths, as expected from a theoretical calculation. In this paper the result of this study is presented.

TUPC032	Phase Space Tomography Using the Cornell ERL DC Gun	emittance, quadrupole, gun, electron	1119
	F. E. Hannon Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia I. V. Bazarov, B. M. Dunham, Y. Li, X. G. Liu Cornell University, Department of Physics, Ithaca, New York
	The brightness and quality of electron beams in linac-based light sources are ultimately limited by the properties of the beam in the injector. It is thus important to have knowledge of the phase space distribution in addition to the rms emittance to provide an insight into high beam brightness formation mechanisms. A tomography technique has been used to reconstruct the transverse phase space of the electron beam delivered from the Cornell University ERL DC gun. The tomography diagnostic utilised three solenoid magnets directly after the DC gun and a view-screen. The injector was operated at 250keV in the emittance dominated regime, and the results showed good agreement to the phase space measured using a slit-screen method and that generated from simulation with the particle tracking code ASTRA. Comparison of various reconstruction methods is provided.

TUPC034	Beam Instrumentations for the J-PARC RCS Commissioning	injection, proton, linac, synchrotron	1125
	N. Hayashi, S. Hiroki, R. Saeki, K. Satou, R. Toyokawa, K. Yamamoto, M. Yoshimoto JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken D. A. Arakawa, S. Hiramatsu, M. Tejima KEK, Ibaraki S. Lee, T. Toyama J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken
	A 3-GeV Rapid-Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) has been commissioned recently. During its beam commissioning, various beam diagnostic instrumentation has been used. The multi-wire profile monitor (MWPM) is used to establish injection and H0 dump line, which transports un-stripped H^- or H0 beam to the dump. The electron catcher confirms that the beam hits a charge exchange carbon foil and the specified current monitor limits the beam current to the H0 dump. Single pass BPMs which detect linac frequency (324MHz) and ionization profile monitors (IPM) help to check the one pass orbit without circulation of the beam. The beam position monitor (BPM) can measure both COD and turn-by-turn position. Tune monitor system consists of exciter and its own BPM. The exciter shakes the beam and coherent oscillation is measured at BPM. Dedicated BPMs, Fast CT (FCT) and Wall Current Monitor (WCM) are used for RF feedback or feedforward control. It will describe the performance of each instruments and how they are contributed to the successful beam commissioning.

TUPC042	Limitations of Electro-optic Longitudinal Electron Bunch Length Measurements	simulation, laser, resonance, coupling	1149
	S. P. Jamison STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire G. Berden FOM Rijnhuizen, Nieuwegein W. A. Gillespie, P. J. Phillips University of Dundee, Nethergate, Dundee, Scotland A. MacLeod UAD, Dundee
	Electro-optic (EO) techniques are becoming increasingly important in ultrafast electron bunch longitudinal diagnostics and have been implemented at various accelerator labs. A crucial aspect of any implementation is a robust assessment of its resolution capabilities. However the assessments of the temporal limitations often differ between groups and the assumptions employed in deriving these limitations are frequently not addressed. With EO measurements of intense CTR pulses and ultrafast Coulomb fields, it may also be necessary to reconsider the validity of the usual interpretation of the EO effect as a phase retardation proportional to the Coulomb field. From a generic analysis of various sources of the temporal limitations we present a summary of the capability of various EO techniques which can be applied to specific implementations with differing laser and bunch parameters. As well as specifying the quantitative limitations and their scaling with experimental parameters, the qualitative effects of distortion in the measured profile are also summarised. Additional limitations, which arise from a breakdown of the phase-retardation interpretation of the EO effect, are discussed.

TUPC045	Setup and Commissioning of the Diagnostics Beamline for the SRF Photoinjector Project at Rossendorf	laser, electron, gun, cathode	1158
	T. Kamps, D. Böhlick, M. Dirsat, T. Quast, J. Rudolph, M. Schenk BESSY GmbH, Berlin A. Arnold, F. Staufenbiel, J. Teichert FZD, Dresden G. Klemz, I. Will MBI, Berlin D. Lipka DESY, Hamburg
	A superconducting radio frequency photo electron injector (SRF injector) has been developed by a collaboration of BESSY, DESY, FZD and MBI and is in operation since late 2007. After the initial commissioning in late 2007 with a Copper photocathode a Caesium-Telluride cathode was installed early 2008 to allow for high charge production. The longitudinal and transverse electron beam parameters are measured in a compact diagnostics beamline. This paper describes results from beam commissioning of the main diagnostic tools. Special emphasis is given on the bunch length measurement system for the 15 ps FWHM electron bunches. The system is based on the conversion of the electron pulses into radiation pulses by Cherenkov radiation. These radiation pulses are transported in a novel fully-reflective, relay imaging optical beamline to a streak camera, where the temporal properties of the pulses are measured. Results from beam measurements at 2pC (Copper cathode) and 1nC (Cesium-Telluride cathode) bunch charge are presented and discussed.

TUPC067	Development of the Methods of Beam Energy Spread Determination in the VEPP-4M Collider	collider, photon, simulation, electron	1209
	O. I. Meshkov, V. A. Kiselev, N. Yu. Muchnoi, S. V. Sinyatkin, V. V. Smaluk, V. N. Zhilich, A. N. Zhuravlev BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk
	The nearest experimental program of the VEPP-4M electron-positron collider and the KEDR detector includes a scan of the energy area below J/psi meson to search narrow resonances. The monitoring of beam energy spread is important for that. In this report we discuss the application of several diagnostics for beam energy spread measurement. The data obtained with Compton Back-Scattering (CBS) technique are compared with the value of the spread derived from the betatron motion of the beam. Similar experiments were carried out before. They demonstrated the necessity to improve the algorithm of beam energy spread derivation using CBS technique. New set of experiments was aimed on the examination of the improved algorithm. The measurements by all the methods were done at the same accelerator run, i.e., the different diagnostics are compared directly. The value of the energy spread was determined for a fixed collider energy E= 1855 MeV. The beam energy spread was changed by the wiggler current variation.

TUPC071	Computer-assisted Electron Beam Centroid Characterization at AIRIX Facility	electron, beam-transport, extraction, target	1212
	O. Mouton, M. Caron, D. Collignon, H. Dzitko, B. Gouin, G. Grandpierre, D. Guilhem, L. Hourdin, C. Noel, O. Pierret CEA, Bruyères-le-Châtel
	AIRIX is a high current accelerator designed for flash X-ray radiography. The electron beam produced into a vacuum diode (2 kA, 3.5 to 3.8 MV, 60 ns) is extracted from a velvet cold cathode. For a beam characterisation we have seen* how to calculate the mean beam divergence (X'(0),Y'(0)), the RMS beam size (XRMS(0), YRMS(0)) as well as the 2D transverse beam emittance (ex(0),ey(0)). To have a complete initial characterization of the beam, we have to further calculate the centroid initial position (xc, yc) and its initial divergence (xc', yc'). In this aim, we use experimental results at BPM's located downstream the initial position of the cathode, and we also use the TRAJENV code coupled with the MINUIT minimization library. In this paper, we propose to describe both experimental and theoretical approaches leading to the full beam characterization (beam size, centroid position and divergence) at the diode output. *O. Mouton & al. "Computer assisted Electron Beam Characterization at AIRIX Facility," PAC'07, Albuquerque (USA).

TUPC072	Design and Fabrication of an X-band Traveling Wave Deflection Mode Cavity for Longitudinal Characterization of Ultra-short Electron Beam Pulses	electron, dipole, simulation, betatron	1215
	A. Y. Murokh, R. B. Agustsson, S. Boucher, P. Frigola RadiaBeam, Marina del Rey D. Alesini INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma) R. J. England, J. B. Rosenzweig, G. Travish UCLA, Los Angeles, California V. Yakimenko BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
	An X-band Traveling wave Deflector mode cavity (XTD) has been developed at Radiabeam Technologies to perform longitudinal characterization of the sub-picosecond ultra-relativistic electron beams. The device is optimized for the 100 MeV electron beam parameters at the Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) at Brookhaven National Laboratory, and is scalable to higher energies. An XTD is designed to operate at 11.424 GHz, and features short filling time, femtosecond resolution, and a small footprint. RF design, fabrication procedure, and commissioning plans are presented. An experimental program at ATF to utilize the deflector for compressed beam characterization is discussed, including proposed measurements of the phase space filamentation due to non-linear processes in a chicane compressor.

TUPC073	A Real-time Bunch Length Terahertz Interferometer	radiation, electron, optics, linac	1218
	G. Andonian, G. Travish UCLA, Los Angeles, California S. Boucher, P. Frigola, A. Y. Murokh RadiaBeam, Marina del Rey
	With the recent development of advanced photoinjectors and next generation light sources, the progression towards high-current, ultra-short beams is very important. The measurement of these short pulses, with sub-picosecond resolution is essential for successful beam operation and optimization. This paper describes the development of a real-time, shot-to-shot bunch length diagnostic utilizing a novel beam auto-correlation technique.

TUPC074	Beam Transverse Size Effects on the Transition Radiation Energy Spectrum	electron, radiation, photon, luminosity	1221
	G. L. Orlandi ENEA C. R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma)
	A theoretical model for the transition radiation emission by a relativistic electron bunch is here presented. Such a model, based on an extension of the virtual quanta method to the case of high density charged beams, predicts the existence of beam transverse size effects on the short wavelength part of the transition radiation energy spectrum. The relevance of such effects to the transition radiation based beam diagnostics of an electron linear accelerator is discussed. The physical consistency of the proposed theoretical model for the transition radiation emission is demonstrated on the basis of the constraints imposed by the temporal causality and Huygens-Fresnel principles. Further arguments in favour of such a thesis, which concern the relativistic nature of the radiative mechanism, are discussed. A possible experiment, devoted to a crosscheck of the theoretical results in an electron linear accelerator, is also proposed.

TUPC077	The 100-MeV Beam Diagnostic Station for the FERMI Linac	laser, electron, emittance, undulator	1230
	G. Penco, S. Di Mitri, S. Spampinati ELETTRA, Basovizza, Trieste
	In order to transversally match the beam coming out from the injector to the FERMI@Elettra linac lattice, a beam diagnostic station will be placed at 100 MeV. It is equipped with quadrupoles and Optical Transition Radiation (OTR) screens to measure and correct the beam Twiss parameters and to evaluate the transverse emittances through a three-screen technique. Moreover, the second OTR screen is placed close to the laser heater undulator to guarantee that the eletron/photon interaction is achieved at the beam waist. Design optimization studies and simulation results are presented in this paper.

TUPC078	The Gun Spectrometer Design for the FERMI@Elettra Project	gun, quadrupole, space-charge, simulation	1233
	G. Penco, D. Castronovo, M. Trovo, D. Zangrando ELETTRA, Basovizza, Trieste
	In the FERMI linac layout the first spectrometer has been located close to the exit of the photoinjector gun at about 5 MeV. The main purpose of this equipment is measuring the energy and energy spread of the beam. Combining the spectrometer with Yag screens and Cerenkov radiators allows the investigation and characterization of eventual deterioration of the longitudinal profile due to the space charge forces and microbunching instabilities. The design specification of the magnet and multi-particle tracking code simulation results are presented in this paper.

TUPC079	Beam Emittance Measurement for the New Full Energy Injector at ELETTRA	emittance, booster, quadrupole, simulation	1236
	G. Penco, L. Badano, S. Bassanese, G. Ciani, P. Craievich, S. Di Mitri, M. Ferianis, M. Predonzani, M. Veronese ELETTRA, Basovizza, Trieste A. A. Lutman DEEI, Trieste
	An emittance measurement station was set up and operated with the quadrupole scan technique to characterize the electron beam transverse phase space at the Elettra laboratory. The diagnostic station, based on a YAG:Ce scintillation screen imaged by a CCD digital camera, was installed at the end of the 100 MeV booster pre-injector together with a beam longitudinal structure monitor. This equipment plays an important role for the bunching system optimization and for the optical matching of the injection transfer line to the booster ring. Experimental results and comparison with multi-particle tracking codes simulation are presented in this paper.

TUPC082	Research and Development Program on Beam Position Monitors for NSLS-II Project	vacuum, emittance, storage-ring, synchrotron	1245
	I. Pinayev, R. Alforque, A. Blednykh, P. Cameron, V. Ravindranath, S. Sharma, O. Singh BNL, Upton, New York
	The NSLS-II Light Source which is planned to be built at Brookhaven National Laboratory is designed for horizontal emittances below 1 nm and will provide users with ultra-bright synchrotron radiation sources. In order to utilize fully the very small emittances and electron beam sizes, submicron stability of the electron orbit in the storage ring needs to be provided. This can only be achieved with high stability beam position monitors. The research program presently carried is aimed for characterization of commercially available RF BPM receivers and on the development of high stability mechanical supports for BPM modules. The details of the program and preliminary results are presented.

TUPC083	A Diagnostics Plate for the IFMIF-EVEDA Accelerator	emittance, radiation, dipole, quadrupole	1248
	I. Podadera Aliseda, B. Brañas, J. M. Carmona, A. Ibarra, C. Oliver CIEMAT, Madrid P.-Y. Beauvais, J. Marroncle, A. Mosnier CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette
	The IFMIF-EVEDA accelerator will be a 9 MeV, 125 mA cw deuteron accelerator which aims to validate the technology that will be used in the future IFMIF accelerator. It is essential then to implement the necessary instrumentation for the commissioning, operation and correct characterization of the beam properties of the accelerator prototype. To achieve this goal, a complete set of instrumentation will be installed in the last part of the accelerator, just before the beam dump, in the so-called Diagnostics Plate (DP). It must allow the measurement of the main parameters of the beam: current, phase, position, transverse profile, energy, transverse halo, transverse emittance and longitudinal profile. The main challenges of such a measurement are the high damage power of the low-energy cw 125 mA beam, which precludes the use of interceptive instrumentation. In addition, the DP will not only be used during operation but also during the commissioning of the different accelerating structures at 5 and 9 MeV. In this contribution, the requirements imposed to the instrumentation, the type of techniques that will be used and a first conceptual design will be presented.

TUPC094	Longitudinal Bunch Profile Monitoring via Single Shot Diagnostic with Linear Response	electron, laser, monitoring, polarization	1278
	U. Schmidhammer, V. De Waele, J.-P. Larbre, J.-L. Marignier, H. Monard, M. Mostafavi CLIO/ELISE/LCP, Orsay N. Bourgeois, J.-R. Marquès LULI, Palaiseau
	A new approach of electro-optic (EO) spectral encoding allows for the non-invasive characterization of the longitudinal electron bunch distribution at the ELYSE laser triggered ps pulse radiolysis facility: the transverse electric field of the relativistic bunch is encoded to the temporally dispersed spectrum of a supercontinuum whose wavelength dependent polarisation state is then analyzed with balanced detection. This method combines the spectral bandwidth of the probe that corresponds to a Fourier transform limit < 5 fs with a direct signal response of the detection scheme. As a result, the field amplitude within the EO crystal can be determined in an absolute, undistorted manner with a time window several times longer than the electron pulse. For a time window easily tunable between 0.5 to 100 ps the possible time resolution is ~ 70 fs respectively 1 ps. The diagnostic allows bunch monitoring at the 100 pC level even for low beam energy and brightness. The influence of the accelerator conditions on the charge profile and its stability was able to be studied for the 8 MeV bunches at ELYSE with a 0.5 mm thick ZnTe crystal in a distance of 4 mm to the beam centre.

TUPC095	Beam Diagnostics for Commissioning the HEBT and Gantry Sections of the HIT Medical Accelerator	ion, extraction, medical-accelerators, controls	1281
	M. Schwickert, A. Reiter GSI, Darmstadt
	The HIT medical accelerator at Heidelberg, Germany, is the first dedicated heavy-ion cancer therapy facility in Europe, consisting of a two-stage injector Linac followed by a compact synchrotron. It features three treatment places: two horizontal beam lines, where treatment will be carried out from 2008 using proton and carbon beams, and the first 360° rotating heavy-ion Gantry structure. The accelerator sections of this facility were designed and constructed by GSI, which thereafter was in charge of the commissioning. By now, the required medical beam quality has been achieved in both horizontal beam lines, and beam commissioning of the Gantry structure has started. In this contribution we describe the technical layout of beam diagnostic devices and present measurement data taken in high-energy beam transport lines and patient treatment places.

TUPC097	Beam Diagnostics for the Prototype of the Cryogenic Storage Ring CSR	ion, pick-up, electron, vacuum	1287
	T. Sieber, K. Blaum, M. Grieser, M. Lange, F. Laux, T. M. Sorg, A. Wolf, R. von Hahn MPI-K, Heidelberg
	The Cryogenic Storage Ring CSR at the MPI-K Heidelberg will be a 35m circumference, electrostatic ring, which is mainly dedicated to Molecular- and Atomic Physics experiments. To reach the low pressures (10^-15 mbar), which are necessary to achieve the required long liftetimes of the stored ions, the complete ring has to be operated at a temperature below 4K (2K in sections), which means, that it will be installed inside a large cryostat. To prove the novel cryogenics and vacuum concept of the CSR, we have built up a prototype, which is basically a segment of the CSR, housing an electrostatic ion trap. The ion trap is in the first instance used for vacuum measurements and equipment tests in the XHV range, in a later stage, it shall be an experimental facility of its own. Test operation of the Prototype is currently starting. Since the boundary conditions in the CSR are highly demanding for the beam diagnostics system, we have to perform some tests of the CSR diagnostics devices in our Prototype setup. The Poster will describe these devices and present first experimental results.

TUPC102	Cooled Beam Diagnostics on LEIR	ion, electron, pick-up, controls	1296
	G. Tranquille, C. Bal, C. Carli, M. Chanel, V. Prieto, R. S. Sautier, J. Tan CERN, Geneva
	Electron cooling is central in the preparation of dense bunches of lead beams for the LHC. Ion beam pulses from the LINAC3 are transformed into short high-brightness bunches using multi-turn injection, cooling and accumulation in the Low Energy Ion Ring, LEIR. The cooling process must therefore be continuously monitored in order to guarantee that the lead ions have the required characteristics in terms of beam size and momentum spread. In LEIR a number of systems have been developed to perform these measurements. These include Schottky diagnostics, ionisation profile monitors and scrapers. Along with their associated acquisition and analysis software packages these instruments have proved to be invaluable for the optimisation of the electron cooler.

TUPC104	On Application of Cherenkov Radiation in Presence of Dispersive Anisotropic Materials to Diagnostics of Ultrarelativistic Beams	radiation, plasma, vacuum	1302
	A. V. Tyukhtin Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg
	One of the main methods of diagnostics of charge particles and beams is based on application of Cherenkov radiation. The attractive idea is application of modern metamaterials for these goals. It has been noted that anisotropic dispersive materials can give some important preferences. However imperfection of Cherenkov diagnostics is low sensibility with respect to energies of ultra-relativistic particles having large Lorentz factor. In this work, it will be shown that this limitation can be overcome with help of using special anisotropic dispersive media (they can be produced in the form of artificial metamaterials). Properties of Cherenkov radiation in the presence of such material will be analyzed. The case of unbounded material and the case of waveguide loaded with such material will be considered. It will be shown that the convenient method of determination of Lorentz factor can be based on measurement of frequencies of harmonics generated in the waveguide. This technique allows obtaining good sensibility for very large magnitudes of Lorentz factor. Other possibilities of application of anisotropic and left-handed metamaterials to beam diagnostics will be discussed as well. A. V. Tyukhtin, S. P. Antipov, A. Kanareykin, P. Schoessow. Proc. of PAC07, Albuquerque, NM, USA, p.4156 (2007).

TUPC105	Slice Emittance Measurements at SPARC Photoinjector with a RF Deflector	emittance, quadrupole, linac, dipole	1305
	C. Vaccarezza, D. Alesini, E. Chiadroni, G. Di Pirro, M. Ferrario, L. Ficcadenti, D. Filippetto, G. Gatti, B. Marchetti, E. Pace INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma) A. Cianchi Università di Roma II Tor Vergata, Roma A. Mostacci Rome University La Sapienza, Roma
	The SPARC photoinjector is a R&D facility performing beam dynamics studies and driving a SASE-FEL. The RF deflector, completely designed and built by the SPARC team, allows measurements of the longitudinal properties of the beam bunch. Using it and the well know technique of the quadrupoles scan, the slice emittance has been measured in different conditions and benchmarked with the simulations.

TUPC108	DITANET–A European Training Network on Novel Diagnostic Techniques for Future Particle Accelerators	ion, storage-ring, antiproton, instrumentation	1314
	C. P. Welsch KIP, Heidelberg C. P. Welsch GSI, Darmstadt
	Beam diagnostics systems are essential constituents of any particle accelerator; they reveal the properties of a beam and how it behaves in a machine. Without an appropriate set of diagnostic elements, it would simply be impossible to operate any accelerator complex let alone optimize its performance. Future accelerator projects will require innovative approaches in particle detection and imaging techniques to provide a full set of information about the beam characteristics. The European Training Network DITANET covers the development of advanced beam diagnostic methods for a wide range of existing or future accelerators, both for electrons and ions. The developments in profile, current, and position measurement techniques stretch beyond present technology and will mark the future state of the art. This contribution presents the scientific challenges that will be addressed within the next four years, together with the networks' structure.

TUPC110	Bunch Diagnostics with Coherent Infrared Undulator Radiation at FLASH	undulator, radiation, electron, background	1320
	A. Willner, H. Delsim-Hashemi, O. Grimm, J. Rossbach Uni HH, Hamburg B. Schmidt DESY, Hamburg
	The operation of the FLASH free electron laser at DESY, Hamburg, requires a high electron beam quality, one important parameter being the longitudinal charge distribution. As a new tool for investigations using coherent radiation techniques, FLASH has been equipped with an electromagnetic undulator. The device is tunable up to a maximum K-Value of 44, corresponding to 200 um wavelength at an electron energy of 500 MeV. The emitted radiation has been characterized in a first measurement campaign using a dispersive spectrometer based on reflective blazed gratings and a pyroelectric detector, operated in a Nitrogen-purged atmosphere. This paper will summarize the measurements and the results obtained from a longitudinal diagnostics analysis.

TUPC111	Overview of the Diagnostics Systems of PETRA III	feedback, pick-up, emittance, laser	1323
	G. Kube, K. Balewski, A. Brenger, H. T. Duhme, V. Gharibyan, J. Klute, K. Knaack, I. Krouptchenkov, T. Lensch, J. Liebing, D. Lipka, R. Neumann, R. Neumann, G. Priebe, F. Schmidt-Foehre, H.-Ch. Schroeder, R. Susen, S. Vicins, M. Werner, Ch. Wiebers, K. Wittenburg DESY, Hamburg
	Since mid-2007, the existing storage ring PETRA at DESY is reconstructed towards a dedicated third generation hard x-ray light source operating at 6 GeV with 100 mA stored current. The reconstruction includes the total rebuilding of one-eights of the storage ring. In this part the FODO lattice of the arcs is replaced by double-bend achromat cells, resulting in straight sections for 14 insertion device beamlines. Damping wigglers with a total length of 80 m are installed to reduce the emittance down to the design value of 1 nm rad. In order to fully benefit from this low emittance, beam stability is a crucial issue. For the achievement of the required performance and to allow a safe machine operation a number of beam instrumentation is required. Here the diagnostics system for the electron beam is presented with special emphasis on the essential instruments, i.e. the high resolution BPM system, profile monitors, feedback systems, and the machine protection system.

TUPC114	Results from the Optical Replica Experiments in FLASH	laser, electron, undulator, radiation	1332
	V. G. Ziemann, G. Angelova UU/ISV, Uppsala J. Boedewadt, S. Khan, A. Winter Uni HH, Hamburg M. Hamberg, M. Larsson, P. M. Salen, P. van der Meulen FYSIKUM, AlbaNova, Stockholm University, Stockholm F. Loehl, E. Saldin, H. Schlarb, E. Schneidmiller, M. V. Yurkov DESY, Hamburg A. Meseck BESSY GmbH, Berlin
	We present experimental results from the optical replica synthesizer, a novel device to diagnose sub-ps electron bunches by creating a coherent optical pulse in the infrared that has the envelope of the electron bunch and analyzing the latter by frequency resolved optical gating methods. Such a device was recently installed in FLASH at DESY. During an experiment period the spatial and temporal overlap of a several ps long electron bunch and a 200 fs laser pulse were achieved within an undulator. Coherent transition radiation due to the induced micro-bunching was observed on a silver-coated silicon screen and varying the timing between electrons and laser pulse produced two-dimensional images of the slices as a function of the longitudinal position within the electron bunch. In a second experiment the strongly compressed electron bunch is modulated by a laser pulse lengthened to about 2 ps and replica pulses that are emitted from a second undulator are observed and diagnosed by frequency resolved optical gating methods.

TUPC138	Development of a New Low-Level RF-Control-System for the S-DALINAC	controls, klystron, electron, linac	1389
	A. Araz, U. Bonnes, R. Eichhorn, M. Konrad, M. Platz, A. Richter TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt U. Laier GSI, Darmstadt R. Stassen FZJ, Jülich
	The Superconducting DArmstadt electron LINear ACcelerator S-DALINAC has a maximum energy of 130 MeV and beam currents of up to 60 μA. To reach this energy conveniently in cw, superconducting cavities with a high Q at a frequency of 3 GHz are used. In order to achieve minimal energy spread, the amplitude and phase the cavities have to be controlled strictly in order to compensat the impact of microphonic perturbations. The existing analog rf control system based on a self-exited loop, converts the 3 GHz signals down to the base band. This concept will also be followed by the new digital system currently under design. It is based on an FPGA in the low frequency part, giving a great flexibility in the control algorithm and providing additional diagnostics. For example it is possible to change the operational mode between self-exited loop and generator driven resonator within a second. We will report on the design concept, the status and the latest results measured with a prototype, including different control algorithms as well as beam loading effects.

TUPC145	FPGA Implementation of Multichannel Detuning Computation for SC Linacs	controls, linac, resonance, feedback	1410
	K. P. Przygoda, J. Andryszczak, W. Jalmuzna, A. Napieralski, T. Pozniak TUL-DMCS, Łódź
	The paper presents a multi-cavity system for active compensation of SC cavities' deformations in linear accelerators like Free Electron Laser. Described system consists of digital controller, analog amplifiers and mechanical actuators. The previously developed control algorithms were implemented in SIMCON 3.1 board and allow online calculations of Lorentz force detuning only for one cavity. The recent development in the field is based on serial pipelined computations which allow a real time detuning measurements of 8 and more cavities. Moreover, the SIMCON DSP board was used for 10 ns latency computations. The new approach enables integrating the algorithm dedicated for cavity shape control with the LLRF control system using optical transmission. Furthermore the 8-channels amplifiers have been successfully added to the compensation system for driving the piezoelectric actuators. The system is tested in FLASH at DESY. The accelerating modules ACC 3, 5 and 6 with high operating gradients cavities have been taken into account. The multilayer piezostacks from PI and NOLIAC are used for the compensation purpose of cavities' deformations.

TUPC146	Real Time, Distributed, Hardware-software Simulation of Multicavity RF Station for LLRF System Development in FLASH and XFEL	simulation, klystron, controls, resonance	1413
	P. Pucyk, S. Simrock DESY, Hamburg W. Jalmuzna TUL-DMCS, Łódź
	The paper describes the implementation of distributed (FPGA, DSP, GPP) system for simulation of multiple TESLA cavities together with high power distribution chain. The applied models simulate the system behavior with the performance close to the response time of the real RF station and cryomodules. Parametrized architecture of the simulator allows to find compromise between the features of the model and the available resources it can be implemented in. The results of driving the simulator using the FLASH LLRF system are presented and compared with the real measurements. Proposed solution is the important tool for LLRF system development and testing, and can be, in many cases, a replacement for the tests in the real superconducting test facilities reducing the development costs and time.

TUPC148	Digital LLRF for ALBA Storage Ring	controls, vacuum, resonance, storage-ring	1419
	A. Salom, F. Pérez ALBA, Bellaterra
	ALBA is a 3 GeV, 400 mA, 3rd generation Synchrotron Light Source that is in the construction phase in Cerdanyola, Spain. The RF System will have to provide 3.6 MV of accelerating voltage and restore up to 540 kW of power to the electron beam. A Digital LLRF prototype has been developed for the Storage Ring RF Cavity. The prototype is based on the IQ modulation/demodulation technique and it has been implemented using a commercial FPGA cPCI board. The prototype has been installed in the high power RF lab of CELLS and tested to control up to 80 kW on the real Storage Ring Cavity. The test results of the control loops (amplitude, phase and tuning) will be presented, as well as the hardware structure (digital boards, analogue front ends, timing, etc.) and the system interface.

TUPD008	Marx Bank Technology for Accelerators and Colliders	controls, collider, impedance, linear-collider	1449
	J. A. Casey, F. O. Arntz, M. P.J. Gaudreau, M. K. Kempkes, I. Roth Diversified Technologies, Inc., Bedford, Massachusetts
	Diversified Technologies, Inc. (DTI) has developed high power, solid-state Marx Bank designs for a range of accelerator and collider designs. We estimate the Marx topology can deliver equivalent performance to conventional designs, while reducing acquisition costs by 25-50%. In this paper DTI will describe the application of Marx based technology to two different designs: a long-pulse ILC focused design (140 kV, 160 A, 1.5 ms), and a short-pulse design (500 kV, 265 A, 3 us). These designs span the known requirements for future accelerator modulators. For the ILC design, the primary challenge is minimizing the overall size and cost of the storage capacitors in the modulator. For the short-pulse design, the primary challenge is high speed operation, to limit the energy lost in the pulse rise-time while providing a very tight (± 3%) voltage flattop. Each design demands unique choices in components and controls, including the use of electrolytic capacitors in the ILC Marx design. This paper will review recent progress in the development and testing of both of these prototype Marx designs, being built under two separate DOE Phase II SBIR grants.

TUPD034	Review of the Mechanical Engineering Challenges Associated with the SNS Power Ramp Up	vacuum, injection, ion-source, ion	1500
	G. R. Murdoch, D. W. Crisp, M. Holding, P. Ladd, K. G. Potter, R. T. Roseberry ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
	Since commissioning of the SNS in April 2006 the beam power has been steadily increasing towards the design intensity of 1.4 MW. Several areas of the accelerator have been shown to require modifications, upgrades or new designs of mechanical equipment to support the power ramp schedule. This paper presents mechanical engineering design work implemented since initial commissioning along with a review of current projects and discussion of mechanical engineering issues being addressed that are a direct result of design decisions made early in the project.

TUPD037	Design and Development of Intercepting Devices at the Spallation Neutron Source	radiation, vacuum, linac, beam-transport	1508
	R. T. Roseberry, S. Assadi, D. W. Crisp, K. R. Gawne ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
	Beam measurements in the LINAC and transport lines of the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory utilize a variety of intercepting instruments such as in-line emittance systems, wire scanners, scrapers and scintillation view screens. All of these devices require linear actuators with vacuum feedthroughs. The majority of the actuators acquired during the construction phase of the SNS were of commercial origin and have proven unable to meet long-term physics and engineering requirements. The predominant difficulties with these devices were lack of precision, reliability and longevity. Three new families of linear actuators have been developed at the SNS to address these deficiencies. The approach used in their development, has been to utilize a combination of commercially available linear motion components in custom built chassis to address the needs of a given set of applications. This approach has yielded devices that have met or exceeded expectations for accuracy, precision, radiation resistance, longevity and economy. Aspects of the underlying design of these actuators and their implementation will be presented at this conference.

TUPP012	Presentation of the New ESRF Vacuum Control Applications from an Operational Point of View	vacuum, survey, controls, ion	1550
	D. Schmied, E. Burtin, J. M. Chaize, R. Kersevan, I. Parat, P. V. Verdier ESRF, Grenoble
	The ESRF is in operation since more than ten years. Due to the aging vacuum system, we are faced to different kinds of failures such as air or water leaks, overheating of RF-liners or poor chamber alignment. In order to anticipate these failures and therefore reduce down times, we started to develop new diagnostic tools which allow us to detect much faster and with more precision any possible failures or malfunctioning of our vacuum system. Also driven by the increase of machine performances and the continuous vacuum installations, we search for new tools to safely commission such upgrades. This paper outlines our work on the development of a new vacuum user interface, which not simply reflects the actual status of our vacuum system, but which also provides us with a dynamic survey of computed vacuum signals highlighting unusual vacuum behaviours.

WEOBG02	Experimental Results of a Plasma Wakefield Accelerator Using Multiple Electron Bunches	plasma, electron, resonance, simulation	1912
	E. Kallos, T. C. Katsouleas, P. Muggli USC, Los Angeles, California W. D. Kimura STI, Washington K. Kusche, J. H. Park, I. Pogorelsky, D. Stolyarov, V. Yakimenko BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
	We present some preliminary experimental results of a plasma wakefield accelerator technique which utilizes multiple electron bunches in order to drive a plasma wave. The experiments were performed at the Accelerator Test Facility of Brookhaven National Laboratory where 5-8 equidistant bunches with a spacing which was varied between 100-250 m were fed into a 6mm-long capillary discharge plasma. By varying the time delay of the bunches with respect to the discharge different plasma densities could be tuned, and the effects of the plasma on the bunches were recorded. Such multiple bunch schemes are of great interest because they can provide increased efficiencies and high transformer ratios for advanced accelerators.
	Slides

WEZG01	Protection Controls for High Power Accelerators	controls, kicker, target, injection	1921
	J. Wenninger CERN, Geneva
	The next generation hadron accelerators will operate with MW beams or store beams with an energy of many 100 MJ. Machine protection will constrain operation, but some operational flexibility is still required for commissioning and performance optimization. This is a substantial challenge for control systems and application programs. New tools are developed to face those challenges: critical settings management, software interlocks, role based access to equipment, automatic accelerator mode recognition etc. This talk presents some of the challenges and tools. Experience with novel approaches are discussed.
	Slides

WEZG02	Commissioning of an Accelerator: Tools and Management	controls, synchrotron, optics, storage-ring	1926
	A. Nadji SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette
	During the life of an accelerator project, the commissioning is a very important and exciting phase. It is preceded by a long period of design, calculations, magnetic measurements, installation, and alignment. We want the commissioning stage to be successful and fast; that is, attaining rapidly the set goals and make the machine available for impatient users. This paper summarizes the experience of several commissioning phases for different types of accelerators such as SNS, JPARC, and LHC, as well as synchrotron light sources such as DIAMOND, SOLEIL, and SSRF. The importance of preparation for commissioning on both technical and personnel levels will be covered. We will also talk about the concept of stages, anticipation of problems, and the early involvement of many specialists in addition to accelerator physicists and future accelerator operators. Furthermore, we will outline the importance of having a command control that is practical, fast, and has the capacity to offer high level automated applications. Finally, we will discuss the indispensable role of diagnostics for the first injection and first turns of the beam.
	Slides

WEOCG02	Post-mortem Diagnostic for the Taiwan Light Source	kicker, insertion, controls, beam-losses	1932
	K. H. Hu, J. Chen, P. C. Chiu, K. T. Hsu, S. Y. Hsu, C. H. Kuo, D. Lee, C.-J. Wang, C. Y. Wu NSRRC, Hsinchu
	Analyzing the reasons of various trip events is essential to improve reliability of a synchrotron light source. To identify the causes of trip at Taiwan Light Source (TLS), various diagnostics tool were employed. These diagnostic tools can capture beam trip, interlock signals of superconducting RF system, waveform of the injection kickers, quench and interlock signals of the superconducting insertion device, and instability signals of the stored beam for post-mortem analysis. These diagnostics can be routine monitor signal and record beam trip event. Features of trip diagnostic tools are available now. System configuration experiences will be summarized in this report.
	Slides

WEPC085	Matching with Space Charge	space-charge, quadrupole, focusing, emittance	2192
	B. D. Muratori, D. J. Holder STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire
	This paper explores the possibility of performing matching in the presence of space charge to an acceptable and useful level. Space charge gives rise to a mismatch for beams at low energies. This mismatch can be very harmful for certain applications, for example the tomography diagnostic of the PITZ2 test line. In this case, the Twiss parameters at the start of the tomography section have to be as close as possible to the design ones. As can be shown by a thin lens approximation, all the Twiss parameters at the start of the tomography section are fully determined, as is the quadrupole strength, once the length of the FODO cells is chosen. With the presence of space charge it is necessary to introduce a modification to the original matching, itself performed with a standard optimizing routine. The idea is that this modification can only compensate for the linear part of space charge and it does so by changing the quadrupole strengths. The theory is verified by using an very simple test line consisting of just two quadrupoles and modeling it using GPT (General Particle Tracer). This results in modified values for the quadrupole strengths to accommodate the effect of space charge.

WEPC103	Design of a Cold Vacuum Chamber for Diagnostics	electron, vacuum, synchrotron, storage-ring	2240
	S. Casalbuoni, T. Baumbach, A. W. Grau, M. Hagelstein, R. Rossmanith FZK, Karlsruhe V. Baglin, B. Jenninger CERN, Geneva R. Cimino INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma) M. P. Cox Diamond, Oxfordshire E. M. Mashkina University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Physikalisches Institut II, Erlangen E. J. Wallén MAX-lab, Lund R. Weigel Max-Planck Institute for Metal Research, Stuttgart
	Preliminary studies performed with the cold bore superconducting undulator installed in the ANKA storage ring suggest that the beam heat load is mainly due to the electron wall bombardment. Low energy electrons (few eV) are accelerated by the electric field of the beam to the wall of the vacuum chamber, induce non-thermal outgassing from the cryogenic surface and heat the undulator. In this contribution we report on the design of a cold vacuum chamber for diagnostics to be installed in the ANKA (ANgstrom source KArlsruhe) storage ring and possibly in third generation light sources. The diagnostics implemented are: retarding field analyzers to measure the electron energy and flux, temperature sensors to measure the total heat load, pressure gauges, and a mass spectrometer to measure the gas content. The aim of this device is to gain a deeper understanding on the heat load mechanisms to a cold vacuum chamber in a storage ring and find effective remedies. The outcome of the study is of relevance for the design and operation of cold bore superconducting insertion devices in synchrotron light sources.

WEPD007	Detection and Location of Electrical Insulation Faults on the LHC Superconducting Circuits during the Hardware Commissioning	pick-up, instrumentation, cryogenics, quadrupole	2413
	D. Bozzini, V. Chareyre, K. H. Mess, S. Russenschuck CERN, Geneva
	As part of the electrical quality assurance program, all superconducting circuits of the LHC have to be subjected to a (high) DC voltage, up to 1.9 kV DC, for the testing of the electrical insulation. Circuits with an insulation fault have to be repaired before powering. Fault location within a ± 3 m range over the total length of 2700 m has been achieved in order to limit the number of interconnection openings. In this paper, the methods, tooling, and procedures for the detection and location of electrical faults will be presented in view of the practical experience gained in the LHC tunnel. Three cases of faults detected and localized during the hardware commissioning phases of the LHC will be discussed.

WEPP059	Automatic Post-operational Checks for the LHC Beam Dump System	kicker, dumping, extraction, controls	2653
	E. Gallet, J. Axensalva, V. Baggiolini, E. Carlier, B. Goddard, V. Kain, M. Lamont, N. Magnin, J. A. Uythoven, H. Verhagen CERN, Geneva
	In order to ensure the required level of reliability of the LHC beam dump system a series of internal post-operational checks after each dump action must be performed. Several data handling and data analysis systems are required internally and at different levels of the LHC control system. This paper describes the data acquisition and analysis systems deployed for post-operational checks, and describes the experience from the commissioning of the equipment where these systems were used to analyse the dump kicker performance.

WEPP061	A Position Monitor for the Aborted Beam in KEKB	kicker, septum, electron, beam-losses	2659
	N. Iida, M. Kikuchi, T. Mimashi, K. Mori, M. Tejima KEK, Ibaraki
	The beams in the KEKB rings are aborted by abort kickers, Lambertson septums and dumps. First the beams are kicked by the abort kickers rapidly in the horizontal direction to outside the beam pipe and are bent slowly in the vertical direction. At the same time horizontal magnetic fields shake the beam to protect the abort window where the kicked beam passes and protect the window from heat by the high current beam. A beam position monitor is installed in front of the dump. We can get some informations of aborted beam by the monitor. In this paper a method for monitoring the beam in the high energy ring at KEKB is described.

WEPP105	First Operation Results of the Superconducting Photoinjector at ELBE	gun, cathode, laser, electron	2755
	J. Teichert, A. Arnold, A. Buechner, H. Buettig, D. Janssen, M. Justus, U. Lehnert, P. Michel, P. Murcek, R. Schurig, G. Staats, F. Staufenbiel, R. Xiang FZD, Dresden T. Kamps BESSY GmbH, Berlin G. Klemz, I. Will MBI, Berlin A. Matheisen DESY, Hamburg
	In November 2007 the first electron beam was generated from the superconducting RF photo electron gun installed at the ELBE linear accelerator facility. The injector together with a sophisticated laser system and a diagnostic beam line were developed and constructed within a collaboration of BESSY, DESY, MBI and FZD. Delivering a CW beam with up to 1 mA average current, a significant improvement of the beam quality like an increase of the bunch charge up to 1 nC and a reduced transverse emittance will be obtained. After the cool-down of the cryostat the RF properties of the 3½-cell niobium cavity like pass band mode frequencies, unloaded quality factor versus accelerating gradient, Lorentz force detuning, and He pressure influence were measured. The first beam was extracted of a Cu photo cathode using a 262 nm UV laser system with a repetition rate of 100 kHz and about 0.4 W laser power. Later, caesium telluride photo cathodes will be applied. The installed diagnostics allow beam current, energy, energy spread, transverse emittance and bunch length measurements of the beam. The results of these measurements and the operational experiences with the gun will be presented.

WEPP139	The CTF3 Two-beam Test-stand Installation and Experimental Program	dipole, acceleration, vacuum, quadrupole	2821
	V. G. Ziemann, T. J.C. Ekelöf, M. Johnson, R. J.M. Y. Ruber UU/ISV, Uppsala H.-H. Braun, S. Doebert, G. Geschonke, G. Riddone, J. P.H. Sladen, I. Syratchev, W. Wuensch CERN, Geneva
	The Two-beam Test-stand in CTF3 will be used to investigate the power-generation and accelerating structures for the Compact Linear Collider CLIC. We report on its design and construction which was recently completed and discuss the imminent commissioning phase as well as the following experimental program that initially will be devoted to the test of power generation structures in the drive-beam.

WEPP169	The MERIT High-power Target Experiment at the CERN PS	proton, target, injection, factory	2886
	H. G. Kirk, H. Park, T. Tsang BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York J. R.J. Bennett STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon O. Caretta, P. Loveridge STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon A. J. Carroll, V. B. Graves, P. T. Spampinato ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee I. Efthymiopoulos, A. Fabich, F. Haug, J. Lettry, M. Palm, H. Pereira CERN, Geneva K. T. McDonald PU, Princeton, New Jersey N. V. Mokhov, S. I. Striganov Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
	The MERIT experiment was designed as a proof-of-principle test of a target system based on a free mercury jet inside a 15-T solenoid that is capable of sustaining proton beam powers of up to 4MW. The experiment was run at CERN in the fall of 2007. We describe the results of the tests and their implications.

THPC006	Applications of a BPM-based Technique for Measuring Real Space Distributions in the Spallation Neutron Source Ring and Transport Lines	target, injection, simulation, coupling	2984
	S. M. Cousineau, T. A. Pelaia, M. A. Plum ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
	The SNS accumulator ring and associated transport lines are designed to accumulate and transport up to 1.5·10¹⁴ ppp to a liquid mercury target for neutron spallation. Since commissioning, a dedicated effort has been put forth to characterize the lattice and beam dynamics at low intensity. Toward this goal, a BPM-based technique for measuring real space beam distributions at low beam intensities was developed. Recently, this technique has been used to diagnose and localize a strong source of coupling in the lattice, to verify and troubleshoot complementary diagnostics devices, and to provide data for code benchmarking. Other potential applications of this technique include investigations of single particle dynamics and resonances, studies of injection painting techniques, and possibly measurement of quadrupole power supply errors in the ring. In this paper we present the results of applying this technique to various situations in the SNS ring and transport lines, including the first ORBIT benchmarks of the SNS ring and RTBT. T. Pelaia et al, Nucl. Instr. And Methods, in progress.

THPC020	Emittance Exchange at the Fermilab A0 Photoinjector	emittance, optics, electron, controls	3020
	T. W. Koeth Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey L. Bellantoni, H. T. Edwards, R. P. Fliller, A. H. Lumpkin, J. Ruan Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
	A transverse to longitudinal emittance exchange experiment is underway at the A0 Photoinjector at Fermilab. Our scheme employs a TM110 deflecting mode RF cavity between two magnetic doglegs proposed by Kim et. al. The beamline has been installed, characterization of the beamline is complete and data taking has begun. In this paper we report on efforts to date to observe the transverse to longitudinal emittance exchange. Measurements will be compared to analytical predictions and simulations.

THPC028	High Energy Beam Transport Line for the IFMIF-EVEDA Accelerator	quadrupole, emittance, beam-transport, dipole	3041
	C. Oliver, B. Brañas, A. Ibarra, I. Podadera Aliseda CIEMAT, Madrid N. Chauvin, A. Mosnier, D. Uriot CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette
	The IFMIF-EVEDA accelerator will be a 9 MeV, 125 mA cw deuteron accelerator which will verify the validity of the design of the future IFMIF accelerator. A transport line is necessary to handle the high current beam from the DTL exit up to the beam dump. This line must produce the beam expansion to obtain an acceptable power density at the beam dump. Therefore the design of the transport line must consider the geometry and power handling capacity of the beam dump, the space requirements for diagnostics and the restrictions on the maximum length of the line. In addition, a bending magnet is required in order to avoid excessive irradiation of the diagnostics and line elements by neutrons and gammas produced at the beam dump and to perform energy spread measurements. In this contribution, the preliminary design of the high energy beam transport line will be presented. The results of a sensitivity study to the input beam and line elements errors will also be discussed.

THPC036	Model Based Orbit Correction in a Diagnostics Deficient Region	linac, controls, dipole, beam-losses	3056
	A. P. Shishlo, A. V. Aleksandrov ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
	A method is presented for an orbit correction in a region where the number of beam position monitors is much less than the number of possible trajectory distortions points (quads). The method was developed for the Coupled Cavities Linac (CCL) part of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) linac. The orbit correction is very important in this region to minimize losses and activation, but the usual orbit correction method did not work here. The new method is based on a usage of a realistic online model. The parameters of the model were defined by multidimensional fitting procedure with a substantial array of measured trajectories in CCL. The procedure of parameters finding, model, and results are discussed.

THPC087	Electron Traps and Advanced Turbulence Diagnostic	electron, laser, cathode, controls	3191
	M. Cavenago INFN/LNL, Legnaro, Padova G. Bettega, F. Cavaliere, R. Pozzoli, M. Rome INFN-Milano, Milano
	In the electron trap Eltrap both trapped and propagating beam (along the magnetic field axis z) up to 20 kV can be studied. Beam structures in x and y (transverse plane) were successfully detected. Main diagnostic and axial control of instabilities was based on electrostatic. The addition of an external electron source, controlled by a laser, makes ns electron bunches now possible. A system to dump the electron beam off axis is also described. Faster diagnostic and control methods can be tested. In particular, Thompson scattering diagnostic of beam structures can be tested, considering that a wavelength shift (even if modest) is present. Nonlinear dynamics modeling of injection process is also described.

THPC116	Commissioning of the iGp Feedback System at DAΦNE	feedback, single-bunch, betatron, controls	3251
	A. Drago INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma) J. D. Fox SLAC, Menlo Park, California D. Teytelman Dimtel, San Jose M. Tobiyama KEK, Ibaraki
	The iGp (Integrated Gigasample Processor) is an innovative digital bunch-by-bunch feedback system developed by a KEK/SLAC/INFN-LNF joint collaboration. The processing unit can sample at 500 MHz and compute the bunch-by-bunch output signal for up to 5000 bunches. The feedback firmware code is implemented inside just one FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) chip, a Xilinx Virtex-II. The FPGA implements two 16 taps FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filter that are realtime programmable through the operator interface. At DAΦNE, the Frascati PHI-Factory, two iGp units have been commissioned in the April 2007. The iGp systems have plugged in the previous betatron feedback systems. This insertion has been very fast and has shown no problems involving just a substitution of the old, less flexible, digital unit, letting unchanged the baseband analog frontend and the analog backend. The commissioning has been very simple, due to the complete and powerful EPICS operator interface, working well in local and remote operations. The software includes also tools for analyzing post processor data. A description of the commissioning with the operations done to find the best feedback setup are reported.

THPC117	Measurements and Analysis of Beam Transfer Functions in the Fermilab Recycler Ring Using the Transverse Digital Damper System	feedback, pick-up, kicker, antiproton	3254
	N. Eddy, J. L. Crisp, M. Hu Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
	The Fermilab Recycler Ring Transverse Digital Damper System was designed to facilitate Beam Transfer Function measurements using a Network Analyzer connected to auxiliary system ports for timing and diagnostic purposes. The Digital Damper System has the capability for both open and closed loop measurements. The Beam Transfer Function measurements provide direct measurements of the machine impedance, beam stability, and beam parameters such as betatron tune and chromaticity. An overview of the technique is presented along with analysis and results from open and closed loop measurements in the Fermilab Recycler Ring.

THPC138	Bunch-by-Bunch Online Diagnostics at HLS	feedback, kicker, injection, storage-ring	3309
	J. H. Wang, Y. B. Chen, L. J. Huang, W. Li, L. Liu, M. Meng, B. Sun, L. Wang, Y. L. Yang, Z. R. Zhou USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui
	The design goal for the bunch-by-bunch analogue transverse feedback system at the Hefei Light Source (HLS) is to cure the transverse coupled bunch instabilities. The prototype implemented bunch-by-bunch feedback in 2006. Then we changed the circuit and replaced some components by ones of higher performance in order to get better effect. Diagnostic techniques are important tools to determine instabilities and to confirm the performance of the feedback systems. In addition to transverse feedback this system can provide online beam diagnostics and analysis in transverse and longitudinal directions. The diagnostic functions can record the response of every bunch while the feedback system manipulates the beam. The experimental results are presented.

THPC143	A Wide Range Electrons, Photons, Neutrons Beam Facility	electron, linac, photon, positron	3321
	B. Buonomo, G. Mazzitelli, F. Murtas, L. Quintieri INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma) P. Valente INFN-Roma, Roma
	The DAΦNE Beam Test Facility is in operation since the 2003 and has been continuously improved and upgraded in order to take into account the many different requests coming from the high energy and accelerator community. The facility was initially optimized to produce single electron and positron in the 25-750 MeV energy rage, manly for high energy detector calibration and testing; it can now provide beam in a wider range of intensity, up to 10¹⁰ electrons/pulse, typically needed for accelerator diagnostic tests. In the last two years the facility has also been modified in order to produce tagged photons, and the possibility to deliver tagged neutrons in the MeV energy range is under study. The main results obtained, the performance and the most significant characteristics of the facility diagnostics and operation are presented, as well as the users experience collected during these years of operation.

THPC145	Reliability Analysis of the LHC Machine Protection System: Terminology and Methodology	injection, simulation, beam-losses, hadron	3327
	S. Wagner Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH), Laboratory for Safety Analysis, Zurich R. Schmidt, J. Wenninger CERN, Geneva
	The trade-off between LHC machine safety and beam availability is one of the main issues related to the LHC MPS. Several studies have addressed it for different subsystems. They are followed by a project aiming at the development of a methodology which combines agent-based modeling and fault-tree analysis thus allowing a global analysis of the entire MPS. During this project, the need for a clarification and specification of the terminology has become apparent. Besides involving basic terms like safety, reliability and availability, the analysis must take into account the implementation of common design principles such as redundancy, fault tolerance, 'fail-safe' and self-monitoring. These terms and in particular their interrelations easily cause confusion. Since the traceability of the analysis depends on a consistent understanding of the underlying terminology, a terminology frame is being compiled. The paper specifies the most relevant terms and their interrelations. General standard definitions are taken as basis for a specification related to the MPS and its analysis respectively. The developed analysis methodology building on this terminology frame is introduced.

THPC150	The Use of Software in Safety Critical Interlock Systems of the LHC	monitoring, superconducting-magnet, proton	3342
	A. Castaneda, F. B. Bernard, P. Dahlen, I. Romera, B. Todd, D. Willeman, M. Zerlauth CERN, Geneva
	This paper will provide an overview of the software development and management techniques applied to interlock systems in the CERN accelerator complex. Despite the in essence hardware based approach, software and configuration data is present in various forms and has to be treated with special care when aiming at safe, reliable and available protection systems. Several techniques and methods deployed in the LHC machine protection systems are highlighted, regarding data management and version tracking, hardware choices, commissioning procedures, testing methods and first operational experiences with the systems in CERN's accelerator complex.

THPC152	Electro-optic Bunch Arrival Time Measurement at FLASH	laser, electron, acceleration, linac	3348
	V. R. Arsov, M. Felber, E.-A. Knabbe, F. Loehl, B. Lorbeer, F. Ludwig, K.-H. Matthiesen, H. Schlarb, B. Schmidt, P. Schmüser, S. Schulz, B. Steffen, A. Winter, J. Zemella DESY, Hamburg
	The operation of the next generation free electron lasers such as FLASH and the planned European XFEL requires drift free synchronization and femto-second stability. For this purpose an optical synchronization system has been developed, based on a mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser, whose pulses are distributed over length stabilized fiber links. In order to evaluate the performance of the optical distribution system and the bunch arrival time monitors (BAM) an independent reference is needed. The measurement of the electro-optic (EO) response in a GaP crystal offers such a possibility. The method is destruction free and allows simultaneous determination of the peak current and the charge center of mass arrival time with femto-second precision. The measurements are performed with a 0.175 mm thick GaP crystal using 3 ps linearly chirped pulses from a Ti:Sa oscillator. The EO signal is encoded to the chirped pulse and spectrally resolved near crossed polarizers. Comparison of the EO and BAM timings provides a check of the relative accuracy of both methods, including the accuracy of the optical timing distribution system.

THPC160	An Optical Cross-correlation Scheme to Synchronize Distributed Laser Systems at FLASH	laser, controls, polarization, electron	3366
	S. Schulz, V. R. Arsov, M. Felber, F. Loehl, B. Lorbeer, F. Ludwig, K.-H. Matthiesen, H. Schlarb, B. Schmidt, A. Winter DESY, Hamburg P. Schmüser, J. Zemella Uni HH, Hamburg B. Steffen PSI, Villigen
	The soft X-ray free-electron laser FLASH and the planned European XFEL generate X-ray light pulses in the femto-second range. For time-resolved pump-probe experiments, future operation modes by means of laser seeding and for special diagnostic measurements it is crucial to synchronize various laser systems to the electron beam with an accuracy better than 30 fs. For this purpose an optical synchronization system at the telecommunication wavelength of 1550 nm is currently being installed and tested at FLASH. We developed a background-free optical cross-correlation scheme to synchronize two mode-locked laser systems of different center wavelengths and repetition rates with an accuracy better than 10 fs. The scheme was tested by linking a commercial 81 MHz Ti:Sa oscillator (center wavelength 800 nm), used for electro-optical diagnostics at FLASH, to a locally installed 40.5 MHz erbium-doped fiber laser, operating at 1550 nm. Later, this laser will be replaced by an actively length-stabilized fiber-link distributing the pulses from the 216 MHz master laser oscillator of the machine to lock the diagnostics laser to the optical synchronization system.

THPP004	EMMA - the World's First Non-scaling FFAG	extraction, acceleration, injection, kicker	3380
	T. R. Edgecock STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon C. D. Beard, J. A. Clarke, C. Hill, S. P. Jamison, A. Kalinin, K. B. Marinov, N. Marks, P. A. McIntosh, B. D. Muratori, H. L. Owen, Y. M. Saveliev, B. J.A. Shepherd, R. J. Smith, S. L. Smith, S. I. Tzenov, E. Wooldridge STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire J. S. Berg, D. Trbojevic BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York N. Bliss, C. J. White STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire M. K. Craddock UBC & TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia J. L. Crisp, C. Johnstone Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois Y. Giboudot Brunel University, Middlesex E. Keil CERN, Geneva D. J. Kelliher, S. Machida STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon S. R. Koscielniak TRIUMF, Vancouver F. Meot CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette T. Yokoi OXFORDphysics, Oxford, Oxon
	EMMA - the Electron Model of Many Applications - is to be built at the STFC Daresbury Laboratory in the UK and will be the first non-scaling FFAG ever constructed. EMMA will be used to demonstrate the principle of this type of accelerator and study their features in detail. The design of the machine and its hardware components are now far advanced and construction is due for completion in summer 2009.

THPP006	Injection and Extraction for the EMMA NS-FFAG	extraction, injection, quadrupole, dipole	3386
	B. D. Muratori, S. L. Smith, S. I. Tzenov STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire C. Johnstone Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
	EMMA (Electron Machine with Many Applications) is a prototype non-scaling electron FFAG to be hosted at Daresbury Laboratory. NS-FFAGs related to EMMA have an unprecedented potential for medical accelerators for carbon and proton hadron therapy. It also represents a possible active element for an ADSR (Accelerator Driven Sub-critical Reactor). This paper will summarize the design of the extraction and injection transfer lines of the NS-FFAG. In order to operate EMMA, the Energy Recovery Linac Prototype (ERLP) shall be used as injector and the energy will range from 10 to 20 MeV. Because this would be the first non-scaling FFAG, it is important that as many of the bunch properties are studied as feasible, both at injection and at extraction. To do this, a complex injection line was designed consisting of a dogleg to extract the beam from ERLP, a matching section, a tomography section and some additional dipoles and quadrupoles to transport the beam to the entrance of EMMA. Further, an equivalent tomography module was placed in the extraction line together with several other diagnostic devices including the possibility of using a transverse deflecting cavity.

THPP029	Status of the RAL Front End Test Stand	ion, rfq, ion-source, linac	3437
	A. P. Letchford, M. A. Clarke-Gayther, D. C. Faircloth, D. J.S. Findlay, S. R. Lawrie, P. Romano, P. Wise STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon S. M.H. Al Sari, S. Jolly, A. Kurup, D. A. Lee, P. Savage Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London J. Alonso, R. Enparantza Fundación Tekniker, Elbr (Guipuzkoa) J. J. Back University of Warwick, Coventry F. J. Bermejo Bilbao, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bilbao C. Gabor, D. C. Plostinar STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon J. Lucas Elytt Energy, Madrid J. Pasternak, J. K. Pozimski STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon
	High power proton accelerators (HPPAs) with beam powers in the several megawatt range have many applications including drivers for spallation neutron sources, neutrino factories, waste transmuters and tritium production facilities. The UK's commitment to the development of the next generation of HPPAs is demonstrated by a test stand being constructed in collaboration between RAL, Imperial College London, the University of Warwick and the Universidad del Pais Vasco, Bilbao. The aim of the RAL Front End Test Stand is to demonstrate that chopped low energy beams of high quality can be produced and is intended to allow generic experiments exploring a variety of operational conditions. This paper describes the current status of the RAL Front End Test Stand.

THPP031	Upgrade of the ISAC DTL Tuning Procedure at TRIUMF	linac, simulation, acceleration, ion	3440
	M. Marchetto, J. Berring, R. E. Laxdal TRIUMF, Vancouver
	The TRIUMF ISAC facility has two variable energy heavy ion linacs as post accelerators for radioactive ion beams. The ISAC I linac is a warm IH-DTL with five accelerating tanks and three bunchers, the ISAC II one uses twenty independently phased superconducting cavities. The first linac operates between 150 keV/u and 1.8 MeV/u; the second boosts the 1.5 MeV/u injected beam by 20 MV. The DTL is tuned based on the energy beam profile given by an analysing magnet. The SC linac is tuned on energy and time profiles with a diagnostic based on a gold foil scattering ions to a silicon detector (SID). The SID requires lower beam intensity. Furthermore the tuning time is reduced and streamlined by means of a MATLAB graphical user interface (GUI). This GUI uses a simple cosine model to characterize the energy gain versus RF phase of each cavity. Based on this we have pursued a new tuning procedure for the DTL using a gold foil/SID diagnostic. The more complex RF structures of the DTL require measurements and beam dynamics simulations (with LANA code) to produce a model for a dedicated GUI. In the paper we describe the two existing tuning methods and present new DTL procedure and interface.

THPP049	Status of Electron Cooler Design for HESR	electron, vacuum, antiproton, target	3473
	B. Gålnander, T. Bergmark, S. Johnson, T. Johnson, T. Lofnes, G. Norman, T. Peterson, K. Rathsman, D. Reistad TSL, Uppsala H. Danared MSL, Stockholm
	The HESR-ring of the future FAIR-facility at GSI will include both electron cooling and stochastic cooling in order to achieve the demanding beam parameters required by the PANDA experiment. The high-energy electron cooler will cool antiprotons in the energy range 0.8 GeV to 8 GeV. The design is based on an electrostatic accelerator and shall not exclude a further upgrade to the full energy of HESR, 14.1 GeV. The paper will discuss prototype tests of critical components and recent development in the design including the high-voltage tank, electron gun and collector, magnet system, electron beam diagnostics and the magnetic field measuring system.

THPP077	The IFMIF-EVEDA Accelerator Activities	rfq, emittance, linac, simulation	3539
	A. Mosnier CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette A. Facco INFN/LNL, Legnaro, Padova A. Ibarra CIEMAT, Madrid
	The International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) aims at producing an intense flux of 14 MeV neutrons, in order to characterize materials envisaged for future fusion reactors. This facility is based on two high power CW accelerator drivers, each delivering a 125 mA deuteron beam at 40 MeV to the common lithium target. In the framework of the EU-JA Bilateral Agreement for the Broader Approach for Fusion, the Engineering Validation and Engineering Design Activities (EVEDA) phase of IFMIF has been launched in the middle of 2007. The objectives of EVEDA are to produce the detailed design of the entire IFMIF facility, as well as to build and test a number of prototypes, including a high-intensity CW deuteron accelerator (125 mA @ 9 MeV). The major components and subsystems will be designed and developed in Europe, and will be then assembled and operated at Rokkasho in Japan. The individual components are developed in Spain, Italy and France and an european accelerator team has been settled for the coordination of the accelerator activities. The design and the layout of the accelerator are presented as well as the development schedule.

THPP104	The High Energy Beam Transport System for FAIR	beam-transport, extraction, dipole, ion	3608
	S. Ratschow, F. Hagenbuck, P. J. Spiller GSI, Darmstadt
	The High Energy Beam Transport System of FAIR, with a total length of more than 2350 m, forms a complex system connecting seven accelerator- and storage-rings, the experimental caves, beam dumps, stripping stations, the antiproton target and the Super-FRS. The variety of beams to be transported is considerable, ranging from slow extracted beams with long spills of up to 100 s to short intense bunches with lengths of a few nanoseconds and a momentum spread of up to ±1%. The range of beam intensity covers more than six orders of magnitude. The SIS100/300 rings are located 13.5 m under ground while the rest of the facility is essentially on ground level necessitating a 3-dimensional layout of the beam line system. Most of the beam transport system consists of normal conducting magnets. However, the SIS300 beam line system has to be built with superconducting magnets. Due to the large variety of beam parameters, a careful planning of the beam diagnostics system is important. The paper summarizes the design fundamentals and the current status of the system design.

THPP127	ATF2 High Availability Power Supplies	power-supply, controls, monitoring, beam-losses	3658
	B. Lam, P. Bellomo, D. J. MacNair, G. R. White, A. C. de Lira SLAC, Menlo Park, California V. R. Rossi O. C.E. M. S.p. A., S. Giorgio di Piano
	ATF2 is an accelerator test facility modeled after the final focus beamline envisioned for the ILC. By the end of 2008, KEK plans to commission the ATF2. SLAC and OCEM collaborated on the design of 38 power systems for beamline magnets. The systems range in output power from 1.5 kW to 6 kW. Since high availability is essential for the success of the ILC, Collaborators employed an N+1 modular approach, allowing for redundancy and the use of a single power module rating. This approach increases the availability of the power systems. Common power modules reduces inventory and eases maintenance. Current stability requirements are as tight as 10 ppm. A novel, SLAC-designed 20-bit Ethernet Power Supply Controller provides the required precision current regulation. In this paper, Collaborators present the power system design, the expected reliability, fault immunity features, and the methods for satisfying the control and monitoring challenges. Presented are test results and the status of the power systems.