RuPAC2021 - List of Keywords (radiation)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPSA15	Thermodynamic Characteristics of the Superconducting Quadrupole Magnets of the NICA Booster Synchrotron	quadrupole, booster, synchrotron, experiment	162
	A.A. Bortsova JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia H.G. Khodzhibagiyan, D. Nikiforov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	The Booster synchrotron of the NICA accelerator complex in Dubna is designed for acceleration of heavy ions before injection into the Nuclotron. The first run of the Booster synchrotron was carried out in the end of 2020. This work presents calculated and experimental data of static heat leak and dynamic heat releases for quadrupole magnets of the Booster synchrotron with different configuration of the corrector magnets. Obtained results will be taken into account for development of new superconducting magnets and cryogenic installations.
	Poster MOPSA15 [3.928 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA15
About •	Received ※ 25 September 2021 — Revised ※ 26 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 19 October 2021
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MOPSA23	Machine Learning for the Storage Ring Optimization	synchrotron, ion-source, synchrotron-radiation, emittance	169
	Ye. Fomin NRC, Moscow, Russia
	Funding: The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 19-29-12039 The design and optimization of new lattice for modern synchrotron radiation sources are for the most part an art and highly dependent on the researcher skills. Since both modern existing and designing storage rings is very complex nonlinear system the researchers spend a lot of effort to solve their problems. In this work the use of machine learning technics to improve the efficiency of solving nonlinear systems optimization problems is considered.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA23
About •	Received ※ 06 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 16 October 2021
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MOPSA29	Applied Research Stations and New Beam Transfer Lines at the NICA Accelerator Complex	detector, diagnostics, electron, beam-diagnostic	172
	A. Slivin, A. Agapov, A.A. Baldin, A.V. Butenko, G.A. Filatov, A.R. Galimov, S.Yu. Kolesnikov, K.N. Shipulin, E. Syresin, G.N. Timoshenko, A. Tuzikov, V.I. Tyulkin, A.S. Vorozhtsov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia S. Antoine, W. Beeckman, X.G. Duveau, J. Guerra-Phillips, P.J. Jehanno, A. Lancelot SIGMAPHI S.A., Vannes, France D.V. Bobrovskiy, A.I. Chumakov, S. Soloviev MEPhI, Moscow, Russia P.N. Chernykh, S. Osipov, E. Serenkov Ostec Enterprise Ltd, Moscow, Russia I.L. Glebov, V.A. Luzanov GIRO-PROM, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia A.S. Kubankin BelSU, Belgorod, Russia T. Kulevoy, Y.E. Titarenko ITEP, Moscow, Russia A.M. Tikhomirov JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
	Applied research at the NICA accelerator complex include the following areas that are under construction: single event effects testing on capsulated microchips (energy range of 150-500 MeV/n) at the Irradiation Setup for Components of Radioelectronic Apparature (ISCRA) and on decapsulated microchips (ion energy up to 3,2 MeV/n) at the Station of CHip Irradiation (SOCHI), space radiobiological research and modelling of influence of heavy charged particles on cognitive functions of the brain of small laboratory animals and primates (ener-gy range 500-1000 MeV/n) at the Setup for Investigation of Medical Biological Objects (SIMBO). Description of main systems and beam parameters at the ISCRA, SOCHI and SIMBO applied research stations is presented. The new beam transfer lines from the Nuclotron to ISCRA and SIMBO stations, and from HILAC to SOCHI station are being constructed. Description of the transfer lines layout, the magnets and diagnostic detectors, results of the beam dynamics simulations are described given.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA29
About •	Received ※ 01 October 2021 — Revised ※ 02 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 13 October 2021
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MOPSA39	Application of a Scintillation Detector for Periodic Monitoring of Beam Parameters at Medical Proton Therapy Complex "Prometheus"	proton, detector, extraction, synchrotron	176
	A.E. Shemyakov, Belikhin, M.A. Belikhin, A.A. Pryanichnikov, A.I. Shestopalov PhTC LPI RAS, Protein, Moscow region, Russia Belikhin, M.A. Belikhin, A.A. Pryanichnikov MSU, Moscow, Russia
	Introduction: In November 2015 the first domestic complex of proton therapy "Prometheus" start to treat oncology patients. This complex uses a modern technique for irradiation of tumors by scanning with a pencil beam. This technique requires continuous monitoring and regular verification of main beam parameters such as range in water, focusing and lateral dimension. To control these parameters, we developed a waterproof detector for measurements in air and in a water phantom. Methods and materials: The detector system consists of a luminescent screen 5 cm in diameter, a mirror and a CCD camera. When the beam goes through the screen, a glow appears, the reflected image of which is perceived by the camera and analyzed. This design is waterproof, which makes it possible to perform measurements in water. To measure the range of protons in water, this detector was fixed on a special positioner, which allows to move the sensor with an accuracy of 0.2 mm. We measured the beams also in comparison with EBT3 dosimetric film for energies from 60 to 250 MeV with a step of 10 MeV. Same measurements of the ranges were carried out using a standard PTW Bragg Peak ionization chamber. Results: It was shown that this system is a simple and inexpensive tool for conducting regular quality assurance of beam parameters. Unlike the EBT3 dosimetric film, this detector gives an immediate response, which makes it possible to use it when debugging the accelerator and adjusting the beam.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA39
About •	Received ※ 17 September 2021 — Revised ※ 29 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 19 October 2021
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MOPSA40	The PIPLAN Proton-Carbon Ion Radiation Therapy Planning System	proton, simulation, experiment, status	179
	A.A. Pryanichnikov MSU, Moscow, Russia E.V. Altukhova, I.I. Degtyarev, O.A. Liashenko, F.N. Novoskoltsev, R.Yu. Sinyukov IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia A.A. Pryanichnikov, A.S. Simakov PhTC LPI RAS, Protvino, Russia
	This paper describes the main features of newest version of PIPLAN proton- carbon ion radiation therapy planning system. The PIPLAN 2021 code was assigned for precise Monte Carlo treatment planning for heterogeneous areas, including lung, head and neck location. Two various computer methods are used to modeling the interactions between the proton and carbon ion beam and the patient’s anatomy to determine the spatial distribution of the radiation physical and biological dose. The first algorithm is based on the use of the RTS&T 2021 precision radiation transport code system. The second algorithm is based on the original Ulmer’s method for primary proton beam and adapted Ulmer’s algorithm for primary carbon ion beam.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA40
About •	Received ※ 24 September 2021 — Revised ※ 25 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 09 October 2021
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MOPSA41	Effect of a Proton Beam from a Linear Accelerator for Radiation Therapy	proton, simulation, distributed, linac	182
	L. Ovchinnikova, S.V. Akulinichev, A.P. Durkin, A. Kolomiets, V.V. Paramonov RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia A. Kurilik Private Address, Moscow, Russia L. Ovchinnikova Ferrite Domen Co., St. Petersburg, Russia
	Linear accelerators can provide beam characteristics that cannot be achieved by circular accelerators. We refer to the concept of a compact linac for creating a proton accelerator with a maximum energy of 230 MeV, operating in a pulsed mode. The linac is designed to accelerate up to 10¹³ particles per 10 to 200 seconds irradiation cycle and is capable of fast adjustment the output energy in the range from 60 to 230 MeV, forming a pencil-like beam with a diameter of ~2 mm. Simulation of dose distribution from a proton beam in a water phantom has been performed. The radiological effect of the linac beam during fast energy scanning is considered, and the features for providing the high dose rate flash radiation therapy are specified. The possibility of a magnetic system for increasing the transverse dimensions of the beam-affected region is discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA41
About •	Received ※ 28 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 13 October 2021
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MOPSA44	Conceptual Project of Proton Beam Lines in the Nuclear Medicine Project of the "Kurchatov Institute" - PNPI	proton, target, cyclotron, beam-transport	189
	D.A. Amerkanov, S.A. Artamonov, E.M. Ivanov, V.I. Maximov, G.A. Riabov, V.A. Tonkikh PNPI, Gatchina, Leningrad District, Russia
	The project of a nuclear medicine complex based on the isochronous cyclotron of negative hydrogen ions C - 80 is being developed at the National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute" - PNPI. The project provides for the design of a building, the creation of stations for the development of methods for obtaining new popular radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals based on them. The commercial component is not excluded. The project also provides for the creation of a complex of proton therapy of the eyesight. For these purposes, the modernization of the beam extraction system of the cyclotron C-80 is planned: a project for the simultaneously two beams extraction systems are being developed. The one for the production of isotopes with an intensity up to 100 mkA and an energy of 40-80 MeV and the second - for ophthalmology with an energy of 70 MeV and intensity up to 10 mkA. The paper presents the calculation and layout of the beam transport lines to the target stations, the operation mode of the magnetic elements and beam envelopes. The method of the proton beam formation for ophthalmology and its parameters are described.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA44
About •	Received ※ 20 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 23 September 2021 — Issued ※ 15 October 2021
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MOPSA45	Experimental Simulation of Volume Repainting Technique at Proton Synchrotron in Context of Spot Scanning Proton Therapy	target, proton, HOM, simulation	192
	Belikhin, M.A. Belikhin, A.P. Chernyaev MSU, Moscow, Russia A.A. Pryanichnikov, A.E. Shemyakov PhTC LPI RAS, Protvino, Russia
	Background: Reduction the influence of respiration-induced intrafractional motion of tissues is one of the main tasks of proton therapy with a scanning beam. Repainting is one of the techniques of motion compensation. It consists in multiple repeated irradiations of the entire volume or individual iso-energy layers with a dose that is a multiple of the prescribed dose. As a result, the dose is averaged, which leads to an increase in the uniformity of the dose field. Purpose: Experimental simulation of volume sequential repainting and dosimetric estimation of its capabilities in the context of spot scanning proton therapy (SSPT) using dynamic phantom. Materials and Methods: Simulation of respiration-like translational motion is performed using the non-anthropomorphic water dynamic phantom. Target of this phantom is compatible with EBT-3 films. Estimation of repainting technique is based on the analysis of average dose, dose uniformity in region of interests located within planning target volume, and dose gradients. Results: Repainting was estimated for motion with amplitudes of 2, 5, 10 mm with different number of iterations up to 10 at the prescribed dose of 6 Gy. This one increased the uniformity of the dose field from 85,9% to 96,0% at an amplitude of 10 mm and 10 iterations. Conclusions: Volume repainting improves the uniformity of dose distribution. However, the irradiation time increases, and the dose gradients deteriorate in proportion to the amplitude of motion.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA45
About •	Received ※ 28 September 2021 — Revised ※ 29 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 16 October 2021
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MOPSA47	Verification of a Beam of Epithermal Neutrons for Boron-Neutron Capture Therapy	neutron, proton, detector, experiment	199
	G.D. Verkhovod Budker INP & NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia D.A. Kasatov, Ia.A. Kolesnikov, S.Yu. Taskaev NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia D.A. Kasatov, Ia.A. Kolesnikov, A.N. Makarov, S. Savinov, I.M. Shchudlo, T. Sycheva, S.Yu. Taskaev BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia S. Savinov BINP & NSTU, Novosibirsk, Russia
	Funding: The research was supported by Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 19-72-30005. At Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics it was proposed and developed a source of epithermal neutrons based on a tandem accelerator with vacuum insulation and a lithium target for the development of boron neutron capture therapy, a promising method for treating malignant tumors. To measure the "boron" dose due to the boron-lithium reaction, a small-sized detector has been developed. It consists of two polystyrene scintillators, one of which is enriched with boron. Using the detector, the spatial distribution of boron dose and dose of gamma radiation in a 330x330x315 mm water phantom was measured and the results obtained were compared with the results of numerical simulation of the absorbed dose components in such a tissue-equivalent phantom. It is shown that the results obtained are in good agreement with the calculated ones. It was found that the use of a 72 mm Plexiglas moderator provides an acceptable quality of the neutron beam for in vitro and in vivo studies, namely: 1 mA 2.05 MeV proton beam on a lithium target provides a dose rate of 30 Gy-Eq/h in cells containing boron at a concentration of 40 ppm, and 6 Gy-Eq/h in cells without boron. The developed technique for on-line measurement of boron dose and dose of gamma radiation makes it possible to carry out a similar verification of a neutron beam prepared for clinical trials of BNCT after placing a neutron beam shaping assembly with a magnesium fluoride moderator in a bunker adjacent to the accelerator.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA47
About •	Received ※ 27 September 2021 — Revised ※ 28 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 22 October 2021
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MOPSA50	Axial Injection System of DC140 Cyclotron of FLNR JINR	cyclotron, injection, ECR, solenoid	209
	N.Yu. Kazarinov, V. Bekhterev, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko, I.V. Kalagin, S.V. Mitrofanov, N.F. Osipov, V.A. Semin JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia V.I. Lisov JINR/FLNR, Moscow region, Russia
	Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reaction of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research continues the works under creating of FLNR JINR Irradiation Facility based on the cyclotron DC140. The facility will have three experimental beam lines for SEE testing of microchips, for production of track membranes and for solving of applied physics problems. The injection into cyclotron will be realized from the external room temperature 18 GHz ECR ion source. The systems of DC140 cyclotron such as axial injection, main magnet, RF- and extraction systems and beam lines are the reconstruction of the DC72 cyclotron ones. The acceleration in DC140 cyclotron is carried out for two values of harmonic number h = 2,3 of heavy ions with mass-to-charge ratio A/Z within two intervals 5 - 5.5 and 7.5 - 8.25 up to two fixed energies 2.124 and 4.8 MeV per unit mass, correspondingly. The intensity of the accelerated ions will be about 1 pmcA for light ions (A<86) and about 0.1 pmcA for heavier ions (A>132). The design of the axial injection system of the DC140 cyclotron is presented in this report.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA50
About •	Received ※ 27 August 2021 — Revised ※ 07 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 10 September 2021 — Issued ※ 23 October 2021
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MOPSA54	Calculation of Dose Fields and Energy Spectra of Secondary Radiation in the Extraction Zone of a Synchrotron Accelerator for Protons With Energies Up to 700 MeV	proton, simulation, synchrotron, experiment	222
	R.P. Truntseva, N.N. Kurapov, A.M. Opekunov RFNC-VNIIEF, Sarov, Nizhniy Novgorod region, Russia A.V. Telnov, N.V. Zavyalov VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia
	The possibility of using a multipurpose synchrotron accelerator for researching the processes of heavy charged particles interaction with various materials is considered. The accelerator provides proton energies up to 700 MeV. It is necessary to evaluate the emerging dose fields at the design stage of the experimental room. In this case, it is important to evaluate the dose distribution, energies and types of secondary radiation that may enter the adjacent rooms. This paper presents the results of the radiation environment evaluation in the radiation extraction zone of the synchrotron accelerator. Simulation results of secondary radiation energy spectra near the walls, which separate the irradiation zone from adjacent rooms, are presented. Proton energies are equal to 60, 85, 110 and 700 MeV are considered. Simulation was performed by the Monte Carlo method in a program developed using Geant4* libraries. * Geant4 User’s Guide for Application Developers //Geant4 Collaboration.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA54
About •	Received ※ 27 September 2021 — Revised ※ 28 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 11 October 2021
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MOPSA55	Beam-induced Background Simulations for the CMS Experiment at the LHC	detector, simulation, experiment, background	225
	I.L. Azhgirey, I.S. Bayshev, I.A. Kurochkin, A.D. Riabchikova IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia A.E. Dabrowski CERN, Geneva, Switzerland S. Mallows KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
	Beam-induced background comes from interactions of the beam and beam halo particles with either the residual gas in the vacuum chamber of accelerator or the collimators that define the beam aperture. Beam-induced processes can potentially be a significant source of background for physics analyses at the LHC. This contribution describes the simulation software environment used for this part of the CMS experiment activity and recent beam-induced background simulation results for the Phase-2 CMS operation design.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA55
About •	Received ※ 14 September 2021 — Revised ※ 29 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 14 October 2021
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MOPSA57	Experimental Investigation the Synthetic Crystal Diamond Plates of Methods of Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy	positron, electron, experiment, laser	231
	M.K. Eseev NArFU, Arhangelsk, Russia A.G. Kobets, I.N. Meshkov, O. Orlov, A.A. Sidorin JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia A.G. Kobets IERT, Kharkov, Ukraine K. Siemek JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia K. Siemek IFJ-PAN, Kraków, Poland
	The results of experimental studies of synthetic diamond plates as a promising element of X-ray optics of synchrotrons by positron annihilation spectroscopy using the LNP im. V.P. Dzhelepov, JINR.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA57
About •	Received ※ 25 September 2021 — Revised ※ 02 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 17 October 2021
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MOPSA58	Sources of Ultrashort X-Ray Pulses in the Investigation of the Structure and Dynamics of Nanosystems	FEL, laser, electron, scattering	234
	M.K. Eseev NArFU, Arhangelsk, Russia
	Free electron lasers are today one of the main sources of ultrashort X-ray pulses. The installations used in the world today and the results of experiments and calculations with various nanosystems are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA58
About •	Received ※ 01 October 2021 — Revised ※ 02 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 24 October 2021
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TUPSB16	Calculation and Optimization of High-Energy Beam Transfer Lines by the Monte Carlo Method	proton, emittance, beam-transport, ion-source	262
	D.A. Amerkanov, E.M. Ivanov, G.A. Riabov, V.A. Tonkikh PNPI, Gatchina, Leningrad District, Russia
	The calculation of high-energy beam lines consists of tracing of the proton beam trajectories along the transport channel from the source. The PROTON_MK program code was developed to carry out such calculations using the Monte Carlo method. The beam from the accelerator is introduced in the form of a multivariate Gaussian distribution in x,x’,z,z’,dp/p phase space. In the case when an absorber (absorber, air section, window in the channel, etc.) is installed in the transport channel the beam parameters after the absorber are calculated using the GEANT4. The output file of this code can be used as input for the program. The program allows calculation of any beam parameters - intensity, spatial or phase density, energy distribution, etc. The program includes a block for the optimization of beam parameters presented in a functional form. Random search method with learning for search correction based on analysis of intermediate results (so-called statistical gradient method) is used for obtaining the global maximum of a function of many variables. The program has been tested in calculations of the beam transport lines for IC-80 cyclotron and for the development of the beam line for ophthalmology.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB16
About •	Received ※ 21 September 2021 — Revised ※ 22 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 23 September 2021 — Issued ※ 28 September 2021
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TUPSB20	Selection of a System for Correcting the Energy Spread of Relativistic Electron Bunches for a Free Electron Laser	GUI, electron, wakefield, ECR	268
	A. Altmark, N.A. Lesiv, K. Mukhamedgaliev LETI, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
	The object of this work is a device called dechirper, which is used to decrease energy spread in relativistic electron bunch for free electron laser application. This system is based on cylindrical dielectric waveguide with vacuum channel needed for electron bunch passing. The Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation excited in waveguide is used to profile electromagnetic field inside the bunch and as a consequence to achieve the required energy distribution. The work includes numerical modeling of the electron beam passage through a waveguide structure, the generation of wake radiation and the interaction of this radiation with an electron bunch. We made original code to carry out numerical modeling, where the method of macroparticles and the method of Green’s function are implemented. The dependences of the energy compression coefficient and the length at which the maximum energy compression coefficient is achieved on various parameters of the dielectric waveguide structure and the physical parameters of electron bunches were identified. Various recommendations were also made on the choice of a waveguide used as a dechirper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB20
About •	Received ※ 27 September 2021 — Revised ※ 28 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 29 September 2021 — Issued ※ 08 October 2021
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TUPSB22	Wakefield Undulator Based on a Sinusoidal Dielectric Waveguide	GUI, undulator, electron, wakefield	274
	I.L. Sheinman, O.S. Alekseeva LETI, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
	The idea of creating an undulator based on the wake principle by passing a beam through a sinusoidal dielectric waveguide is proposed. A numerical analysis of the dynamics of a short electron beam in a wake undulator on a bending wave of a waveguide with a dielectric filling is carried out. The possibility of reducing the instability of the beam by choosing the initial phase of the flexural wave and the initial transverse positioning of the beam is considered.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB22
About •	Received ※ 19 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 20 September 2021 — Issued ※ 28 September 2021
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TUPSB25	Storage Ring Design and Beam Instabilities Investigation for MEPhI’s Photon Source	scattering, photon, storage-ring, laser	277
	V.S. Dyubkov, S.M. Polozov MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
	Funding: Work supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant no. 19-29-12036 There is a design of a compact photon source based on inverse Compton scattering at NRNU MEPhI. Updated synchrotron lattice, electron dynamics simulation and beam instabilities studies are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB25
About •	Received ※ 30 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 23 October 2021
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TUPSB28	X-ray Thomson Inverse Scattering from Periodically Modulated Laser Pulses	laser, electron, scattering, HOM	283
	D.Yu. Sergeeva, A.A. Tishchenko MEPhI, Moscow, Russia D.Yu. Sergeeva BelSU/LRP, Belgorod, Russia D.Yu. Sergeeva, A.A. Tishchenko NRC, Moscow, Russia A.A. Tishchenko BNRU, Belgorod, Russia
	Funding: This work is performed within the project supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), grant # 19-29-12036 Being a compact source of x-rays based on the Thomson backscattering Thomson source has potential to be used in medicine and biology and in other area where narrow band x-ray beams are essential. We suggest and investigate theoretically the idea to use laser pulses modulated with a short period in Thomson backscattering. The coherent radiation is obtained with intensity proportional to the squared number of micro-pulses in the whole laser pulse.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB28
About •	Received ※ 23 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 29 September 2021 — Issued ※ 21 October 2021
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TUPSB29	Geant4 for Inverse Compton Radiation Source Simulations	electron, laser, photon, scattering	286
	A.A. Savchenko, D.Yu. Sergeeva, A.A. Tishchenko MEPhI, Moscow, Russia A.A. Savchenko, D.Yu. Sergeeva, A.A. Tishchenko NRC, Moscow, Russia A.A. Savchenko, A.A. Tishchenko BNRU, Belgorod, Russia D.Yu. Sergeeva BelSU/LRP, Belgorod, Russia
	Funding: This work was supported by the RFBR grant 19-29-12036. Compton backscattering* is a promising mechanism for engineering of a bright, compact and versatile X-ray source: with dimensions being significantly smaller, the brightness of this source is comparable with that of synchrotron radiation. Nowadays, active researches are underway on various aspects of this phenomenon aiming at increasing of radiation intensity and quality. In modern science, such kind of research is necessarily accompanied by the computer simulations. In this report, we are talking about creation and implementation of the Compton backscattering module into the Geant4 package, which is the leading simulation toolkit in high-energy physics, accelerator physics, medical physics, and space studies. Created module of Compton backscattering has been implemented as a discrete physical process and operates with a fixed light target (a virtual volume with the properties of a laser beam), with which a beam of charged particles interacts. Such a description allows user to flexibly change necessary parameters depending on the problem being solved, which opens up new possibilities for using Geant4 in the studied area. K.T. Phuoc et al., Nat. Photonics 6, 308 (2012). A. Ovodenko et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 109, 253504 (2016). * S. Agostinelli et al., Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 506, 250 (2003).
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB29
About •	Received ※ 17 September 2021 — Revised ※ 22 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 23 September 2021 — Issued ※ 02 October 2021
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TUPSB32	Emission of Photons at the Interaction of a High-Energy Positron Beam with a Periodically Deformed Crystal	undulator, positron, photon, experiment	289
	A.A. Yanovich, A.G. Afonin, G.I. Britvich, M.Yu. Chesnokov, Y.A. Chesnokov, A.A. Durum, M.Yu. Kostin, I.S. Lobanov, V.I. Pitalev, I.V. Poluektov, Yu.E. Sandomirskiy IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia
	Funding: Russian science foundation (grant 17-12-01532) Periodically deformed crystals have long attracted at-tention as "crystalline undulators". In the experi-ment carried out at the U-70 accelerator, the radiation of positrons moving in a periodically deformed crystal was observed. Experimental evidence has been obtained for an undulator peak in a radiation spectrum, which is quali-tatively consistent with calculations. It is shown that most of the emitted energy is due to hard photons with energies of tens of MeV as a result of channeling and reflection of particles, whose spectral density is several times higher than the radiation in an amorphous target.
	Poster TUPSB32 [0.864 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB32
About •	Received ※ 06 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 10 September 2021 — Issued ※ 17 September 2021
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TUPSB34	New Lattice Design for Kurchatov Synchrotron Radiation Source	synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, lattice, ion-source	297
	Ye. Fomin, V. Korchuganov NRC, Moscow, Russia
	Funding: The reported study was partially funded by RFBR, project number 19-29-12039 Nowadays the upgrade project of the 2nd generation synchrotron radiation source operating at NRC Kurchatov Institute has been ongoing. The main aim of the project is to create a new synchrotron radiation source with the same 124 m circumference and providing synchrotron radiation properties inherent to the 3rd generation sources (emittance ~ 3 nm·rad). The new machine will consist of new storage ring with 2.5 GeV electron energy, full energy booster synchrotron and 0.2 GeV linac. The mandatory requirement for the project is to keep all currently operating beamlines. In this article we present the design challenges and approaches for this machine, the conceptional design and baseline lattice.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB34
About •	Received ※ 22 September 2021 — Revised ※ 29 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 20 October 2021
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TUPSB53	Measurement of Parameters of Neutron Radiation on the Accelerator-Based Epithermal Neutron Source	neutron, target, proton, tandem-accelerator	337
	M.I. Bikchurina, D.A. Kasatov, Ia.A. Kolesnikov, K. Martianov, I.M. Shchudlo, S.Yu. Taskaev BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia T.A. Bykov Budker INP & NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
	Funding: The research was supported by Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 19-72-30005. The accelerator-based epithermal neutrons source, proposed and created in the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, provides the generation and formation of a neutron flux suitable for testing the boron neutron capture therapy of malignant tumors. The paper presents and discusses the results of studies using activation techniques. Using activation foils from the SWX-1552 kit (Shieldwerx, USA), an iterative grid method for reconstructing the neutron spectrum was tested. It was found that the use of activation foils for determining the spectrum of epithermal neutrons is questionable, since the main part of the interaction falls on the high-energy part of the spectrum, instead of the resonance of the foil. The number of neutrons is equal to the number of activated beryllium-7 nuclei (it has been proven by measurements that beryllium-7 is not sputtered from the lithium layer). The neutron yield was monitored by registering gamma quanta from the 7Li(p, n)7Be reaction. Depending on the number of registered gamma quanta, recalculation was made for the amount of activated beryllium. In this paper it was measured the number of neutrons depending on different geometries, different parameters of the proton beam and target material, there is a good agreement with the theory.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB53
About •	Received ※ 24 September 2021 — Revised ※ 25 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 29 September 2021 — Issued ※ 02 October 2021
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WEPSC04	Accelerating Structure of 8 MeV Electron Linac	electron, resonance, GUI, coupling	346
	A.N. Shein, I.V. Shorikov RFNC-VNIIEF, Sarov, Nizhniy Novgorod region, Russia A.V. Telnov VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia
	Linear resonance electron accelerator LU-10-20 is under operation in RFNC-VNIIEF since 1994. LU-10-20 is aimed at carrying out radiation processing of materials and researching radiation processes. The energy of accelerated electrons is up to 10 MeV, the average beam power - up to 12 kW. This accelerator has demonstrated that it is highly useful for performing radiation researches and tests. As of today work is underway on modernization of LU-10-20 including its accelerating structure and RF power supply. Accelerating structure is aimed at electron beam acceleration up to nominal energy and consists of complicated resonance TW RF structure, which uncluded iris-loaded waveguide, input and output matching devices. The paper presents the electrodynamic calculation results of modernized accelerating structure, input and output matching devices, and also beam dynamics calculation results. N.V.Zavyalov et al. Commercial linear accelerator of electrons LU-10-20. Materials of the XV All-Union Seminar on Linear Accelerators of Charged Particles, Nucl. Phys. Res.No2, 3(29, 30),1997, p.39-41.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-WEPSC04
About •	Received ※ 28 September 2021 — Revised ※ 29 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 18 October 2021
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WEPSC08	Vacuum Condition Simulations for Vacuum Chambers of Synchrotron Radiation Source	vacuum, storage-ring, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation	358
	S.M. Polozov, V.S. Dyubkov, A.S. Panishev, V.L. Shatokhin MEPhI, Moscow, Russia V.S. Dyubkov, S.M. Polozov, V.L. Shatokhin NRC, Moscow, Russia
	Analysis of gas loads for the vacuum system chambers of the 6GeV synchrotron radiation (SR) source are carried out. The main source of gas loads is the photostimulated desorption induced by SR. The influence of storage ring lattice, geometric dimensions and beam parameters on the vacuum conditions in SR-source prototype chambers is studied. The geometric model of the storage ring chamber designed for simulation is considered. The simulation of the radiation flux parameters generated by the charged particles passing through the section of the vacuum chamber has been performed. The technique of calculating the parameters of SR and photostimulated desorption by means of Synrad+ and Molflow+ codes is applied.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-WEPSC08
About •	Received ※ 27 September 2021 — Revised ※ 28 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 18 October 2021
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WEPSC29	Diagnostics of the Proton Beam Position Using the Luminescence of a Lithium Neutron-Generating Target	target, proton, neutron, tandem-accelerator	396
	E.O. Sokolova Budker INP & NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia A.N. Makarov, S.Yu. Taskaev BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia S.Yu. Taskaev NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
	Funding: This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 19-32-90119. An accelerator-based source of epithermal neutrons was proposed and created at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. It consists of a vacuum-insulated tandem accelerator for producing a proton beam and a lithium target for generating neutrons as a result of the 7Li(p, n)7Be threshold reaction. With the use of a video camera and a spectrometer, the luminescence of lithium was registered when the lithium target was irradiated with protons. The recorded emission line 610.3 ± 0.5 nm corresponds to the electronic transition in the lithium atom 1s23d -> 1s22p, and the 670.7 ± 1 nm line corresponds to the 1s22p -> 1s22s transition. Based on the results of the study, the visual diagnostics for operational monitoring of the position and the size of the proton beam on the surface of a lithium target was developed and put into operation. The diagnostics can be applied in the neutron generation mode. The possibility of detecting luminescence made it possible to ensure the reliability of measuring the current of the argon ion beam accompanying the proton beam. When studying the blistering of a metal upon implantation of protons with an energy of 2 MeV, luminescence could lead to an overestimation of the surface temperature measured by a thermal imager.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-WEPSC29
About •	Received ※ 12 September 2021 — Revised ※ 23 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 01 October 2021 — Issued ※ 18 October 2021
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WEPSC36	Simulation of the Coherent Radiation Interferometry for the Beam Temporal Structure Diagnostics	detector, simulation, electron, target	413
	D.A. Shkitov, M. Shevelev, S. Stuchebrov, M. Toktaganova TPU, Tomsk, Russia
	Today, free electron lasers and new facilities that are capable of generating sequences of short electron bunches with a high (THz) repetition rate have widely developed. The existing diagnostic methods for such sequences have limitations or are not applicable. Therefore, it is important to develop new approaches to diagnose the temporal structure of such sequences (trains) in modern accelerators. In this report, we describe a model of coherent radiation interferometry using a Michelson interferometer. The mechanisms of transition and diffraction radiation are selected as the radiation source. The model takes into account the finite target size, the parameters of the sequence structure and the detector characteristics. The simulation results allow us to conclude that the analysis of the radiation intensity autocorrelation function itself can be applied as diagnostics method of an arbitrary bunch train temporal structure. Based on such method we can obtain information on the bunch number in the train and the distance between bunches.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-WEPSC36
About •	Received ※ 24 September 2021 — Revised ※ 30 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 13 October 2021
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WEPSC57	System of on-Line Energy Control of Electron Beam for Accelerator	electron, monitoring, controls, detector	446
	N.N. Kurapov, Ya.V. Bodryashkin, A.S. Cherkasov, I.V. Shorikov RFNC-VNIIEF, Sarov, Nizhniy Novgorod region, Russia A.V. Telnov VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia
	There arises a need for measuring the output electron energy in the on-line mode during set-up, adjustment or operation of an accelerator. For this purpose a system is developed, allowing an on-line control of an accelerated electron energy spectrum simultaneously with average current measurement. This system is meant for reconstruction of the energy spectrum of accelerated electrons in the energy range from 1 up to 10 MeV at the average beam current from 20 up to 150 µA. The system is based on the method of absorbing filters and consists of an assembly, absorbing an accelerated electron beam, and a measuring system. The absorption assembly represents a set of insulated from each other electro-conducting plates of dimension 100x100 mm and thickness from 0.15 up to 1 mm with an air gap between plates 2 mm. The operation involves development, manufacture and calculation of electron beam transmission through the absorption assembly, development and manufacture of hardware for automated measuring of absorbed charges in the assembly elements, development of a master computer program as well as a program of energy spectrum reconstruction, using measured and calculated data, testing of the energy on-line control system on the LU-10-20 linear resonance electron accelerator. Tests of the developed sample on the electron accelerator have proved the applicability of the system to control the electron beam energy in the real-time mode.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-WEPSC57
About •	Received ※ 27 September 2021 — Revised ※ 30 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 22 October 2021
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FRA02	Cyclotron of Multicharged Ions	cyclotron, injection, vacuum, resonance	96
	Yu.K. Osina, A. Akimova, A.V. Galchuck, Yu.N. Gavrish, S.V. Grigorenko, V.I. Grigoriev, M.L. Klopenkov, R.M. Klopenkov, L.E. Korolev, K.A. Kravchuk, A.N. Kuzhlev, I.I. Mezhov, V.G. Mudrolyubov, K.E. Smirnov, Yu.I. Stogov, S.S. Tsygankov, M.V. Usanova NIIEFA, St. Petersburg, Russia
	The JSC "NIIEFA" is designing a cyclotron system intended to accelerate ions with a mass-to-charge ratio of 3-7 in the energy range of 7.5-15 MeV per nucleon. The variety of ions, the range of changes in their energy, and the intensity of the beams provide conditions for a wide range of basic and applied research, including for solving a number of technological tasks. The cyclotron electromagnet has an H-shaped design with a pole diameter of 4 meters and a four-sector mag-netic structure. In the basic mode, the dependence of the induction on the radius corresponding to the isochronous motion is realized by turning on the main coil only through the shape of the central plugs, sector side plates, and sector chamfers. For other modes of isochronous ac-celeration, the current in the main coil is changed and cor-rection coils are tuned. The resonance system consists of two resonators with an operating frequency adjustable from 13 to 20 MHz. The final stage of the RF generator is installed close to the resonator and is connected to it by a conductive power input device. The external injection system generates and separates ions with a given A/z ratio. The injection energy is chosen such that the Larmor radius is constant, which allows us-ing an inflector of unchanged geometry for the entire list of ions. The transportation system forms beams of accelerated ions with specified parameters and delivers them to sample irradiation devices. Computer control of the cyclotron is provided.
	Slides FRA02 [11.588 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-FRA02
About •	Received ※ 24 September 2021 — Revised ※ 29 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 20 October 2021
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FRA05	Cyclotron System C-250	proton, cyclotron, resonance, controls	105
	K.E. Smirnov, A.V. Galchuck, Yu.N. Gavrish, S.V. Grigorenko, V.I. Grigoriev, R.M. Klopenkov, L.E. Korolev, K.A. Kravchuk, A.N. Kuzhlev, I.I. Mezhov, V.G. Mudrolyubov, Yu.K. Osina, Yu.I. Stogov, M.V. Usanova NIIEFA, St. Petersburg, Russia
	JSC "NIIEFA" is designing a cyclotron system that gen-erates intensive proton beams with final energy in the range of 30-250 MeV. We have adopted a non-standard technical solution: at the energy of less than 125 MeV negative hydrogen ions are accelerated with the extrac-tion of protons by the stripping device; at higher energies protons are accelerated, and the beam is extracted by a deflector and a magnetic channel. The isochronous de-pendence of the magnetic field on the radius for different final energies is provided by changing the current in the main coil and tuning the correction coils. The cyclotron electromagnet has an H-shaped design with a pole diameter of 4 meters, a four-sector magnetic structure, and high spirality sectors. The dees of the reso-nance system are formed by delta electrodes and placed in the opposite valleys; stems are brought outwards through holes in the valleys. The operating frequency range is 24-33.2 MHz. The power of the RF generator is 60 kW. The cyclotron complex is equipped with a branched beam transport system and target devices for applied re-search on the radiation resistance of materials. Computer control of the cyclotron and its associated systems is provided.
	Slides FRA05 [6.105 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-FRA05
About •	Received ※ 29 September 2021 — Revised ※ 30 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 19 October 2021
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FRB05	Updated Status of Protom Synchrotrons for Radiation Therapy	proton, synchrotron, extraction, injection	120
	A.A. Pryanichnikov, V. Alexandrov, V.E. Balakin, A.I. Bazhan, Belikhin, M.A. Belikhin, V.I. Chashurin, P.A. Lunev, A.E. Shemyakov, A.I. Shestopalov PhTC LPI RAS, Protvino, Russia V. Alexandrov, V.E. Balakin, A.I. Bazhan, Belikhin, M.A. Belikhin, P.A. Lunev, A.A. Pryanichnikov, A.E. Shemyakov, A.I. Shestopalov Protom Ltd., Protvino, Russia
	Physical-Technical Center of P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of RAS and Protom Ltd. are engaged in development and implantation of synchrotrons for proton therapy into clinical practice. There are two proton therapy complexes "Prometheus" in Russia. That are fully developed and manufactured at Physical-Technical Center and Protom. Every day patients with head and neck cancer get treatment using "Prometheus" at the A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center. At the moment these facilities together have accumulated more than 5 years of clinical experience. Two facilities are based on the Protom synchrotrons in the USA. One operates at the McLaren Hospital PT Center, it started to treat patients in 2018. Another one is as a part of the single-room proton therapy system "Radiance330" in Massachusetts General Hospital, that went into clinical operations in 2020. The first Israel proton therapy complex based on Protom synchrotron was launched in 2019. Protom facilities provide full stack of modern proton therapy technologies such as IMPT and pencil beam scanning. Key features of Protom synchrotron: low weight, compact size and low power consumption allow it to be placed in conventional hospitals without construction of any special infrastructure. This report presents current data on accelerator researches and developments of Physical-Technical Center and Protom Ltd. In addition, it provides data on the use of Protom based proton therapy complexes under the clinical conditions.
	Slides FRB05 [8.949 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-FRB05
About •	Received ※ 19 September 2021 — Revised ※ 30 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 11 October 2021
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FRB06	The Results Obtained on "Radiobiological Stand" Facility, Working with the Extracted Carbon Ion Beam of the U-70 Accelerator	experiment, target, dipole, status	124
	V.A. Pikalov, A.G. Alexeev, Y.M. Antipov, V.A. Kalinin, A.V. Koshelev, A.V. Maximov, M.P. Ovsienko, M.K. Polkovnikov, A.P. Soldatov IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia
	This report provides an information of present status of the "Radiobiological stand" facility at the extracted carbon ions beam of the U-70 accelerator. The results of the development of the RBS facility are presented. A plans for development an experimental medical center for carbon ion therapy on the basis of the U-70 accelerator complex are also reported.
	Slides FRB06 [11.249 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-FRB06
About •	Received ※ 26 September 2021 — Revised ※ 08 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 23 October 2021
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FRC01	Neutron Field Measurements by GFPC Based Monitors at the Carbon Beam of IHEP U-70 Proton Synchrotron	neutron, simulation, experiment, synchrotron	129
	O.V. Sumaneev, I.L. Azhgirey, I.S. Bayshev, V.A. Pikalov IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia
	Neutron monitors with gas filled proportional counters as a sensitive element were presented at RuPAC-2018. These monitors have been used recently to measure fast neutron fluxes near the carbon beam based experimental facility at IHEP. The experimental facility "Radiobiological test setup at the U-70 accelerator" was built at NRC "Kurchatov Institute" - IHEP, Protvino, to carry out radiobiological and physical experiments on the extracted beam of carbon nuclei with an energy up to 450 MeV/nucleon. The measurements were compared with the CERN FLUKA code simulations.
	Slides FRC01 [0.859 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-FRC01
About •	Received ※ 30 September 2021 — Revised ※ 01 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 22 October 2021
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPSA15

Thermodynamic Characteristics of the Superconducting Quadrupole Magnets of the NICA Booster Synchrotron

quadrupole, booster, synchrotron, experiment

162

A.A. Bortsova
JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
H.G. Khodzhibagiyan, D. Nikiforov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

The Booster synchrotron of the NICA accelerator complex in Dubna is designed for acceleration of heavy ions before injection into the Nuclotron. The first run of the Booster synchrotron was carried out in the end of 2020. This work presents calculated and experimental data of static heat leak and dynamic heat releases for quadrupole magnets of the Booster synchrotron with different configuration of the corrector magnets. Obtained results will be taken into account for development of new superconducting magnets and cryogenic installations.

Poster MOPSA15 [3.928 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA15

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Received ※ 25 September 2021 — Revised ※ 26 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 19 October 2021

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MOPSA23

Machine Learning for the Storage Ring Optimization

synchrotron, ion-source, synchrotron-radiation, emittance

169

Ye. Fomin
NRC, Moscow, Russia

Funding: The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 19-29-12039
The design and optimization of new lattice for modern synchrotron radiation sources are for the most part an art and highly dependent on the researcher skills. Since both modern existing and designing storage rings is very complex nonlinear system the researchers spend a lot of effort to solve their problems. In this work the use of machine learning technics to improve the efficiency of solving nonlinear systems optimization problems is considered.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA23

About •

Received ※ 06 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 16 October 2021

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MOPSA29

Applied Research Stations and New Beam Transfer Lines at the NICA Accelerator Complex

detector, diagnostics, electron, beam-diagnostic

172

A. Slivin, A. Agapov, A.A. Baldin, A.V. Butenko, G.A. Filatov, A.R. Galimov, S.Yu. Kolesnikov, K.N. Shipulin, E. Syresin, G.N. Timoshenko, A. Tuzikov, V.I. Tyulkin, A.S. Vorozhtsov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
S. Antoine, W. Beeckman, X.G. Duveau, J. Guerra-Phillips, P.J. Jehanno, A. Lancelot
SIGMAPHI S.A., Vannes, France
D.V. Bobrovskiy, A.I. Chumakov, S. Soloviev
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
P.N. Chernykh, S. Osipov, E. Serenkov
Ostec Enterprise Ltd, Moscow, Russia
I.L. Glebov, V.A. Luzanov
GIRO-PROM, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
A.S. Kubankin
BelSU, Belgorod, Russia
T. Kulevoy, Y.E. Titarenko
ITEP, Moscow, Russia
A.M. Tikhomirov
JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia

Applied research at the NICA accelerator complex include the following areas that are under construction: single event effects testing on capsulated microchips (energy range of 150-500 MeV/n) at the Irradiation Setup for Components of Radioelectronic Apparature (ISCRA) and on decapsulated microchips (ion energy up to 3,2 MeV/n) at the Station of CHip Irradiation (SOCHI), space radiobiological research and modelling of influence of heavy charged particles on cognitive functions of the brain of small laboratory animals and primates (ener-gy range 500-1000 MeV/n) at the Setup for Investigation of Medical Biological Objects (SIMBO). Description of main systems and beam parameters at the ISCRA, SOCHI and SIMBO applied research stations is presented. The new beam transfer lines from the Nuclotron to ISCRA and SIMBO stations, and from HILAC to SOCHI station are being constructed. Description of the transfer lines layout, the magnets and diagnostic detectors, results of the beam dynamics simulations are described given.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA29

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Received ※ 01 October 2021 — Revised ※ 02 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 13 October 2021

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MOPSA39

Application of a Scintillation Detector for Periodic Monitoring of Beam Parameters at Medical Proton Therapy Complex "Prometheus"

proton, detector, extraction, synchrotron

176

A.E. Shemyakov, Belikhin, M.A. Belikhin, A.A. Pryanichnikov, A.I. Shestopalov
PhTC LPI RAS, Protein, Moscow region, Russia
Belikhin, M.A. Belikhin, A.A. Pryanichnikov
MSU, Moscow, Russia

Introduction: In November 2015 the first domestic complex of proton therapy "Prometheus" start to treat oncology patients. This complex uses a modern technique for irradiation of tumors by scanning with a pencil beam. This technique requires continuous monitoring and regular verification of main beam parameters such as range in water, focusing and lateral dimension. To control these parameters, we developed a waterproof detector for measurements in air and in a water phantom. Methods and materials: The detector system consists of a luminescent screen 5 cm in diameter, a mirror and a CCD camera. When the beam goes through the screen, a glow appears, the reflected image of which is perceived by the camera and analyzed. This design is waterproof, which makes it possible to perform measurements in water. To measure the range of protons in water, this detector was fixed on a special positioner, which allows to move the sensor with an accuracy of 0.2 mm. We measured the beams also in comparison with EBT3 dosimetric film for energies from 60 to 250 MeV with a step of 10 MeV. Same measurements of the ranges were carried out using a standard PTW Bragg Peak ionization chamber. Results: It was shown that this system is a simple and inexpensive tool for conducting regular quality assurance of beam parameters. Unlike the EBT3 dosimetric film, this detector gives an immediate response, which makes it possible to use it when debugging the accelerator and adjusting the beam.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA39

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Received ※ 17 September 2021 — Revised ※ 29 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 19 October 2021

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MOPSA40

The PIPLAN Proton-Carbon Ion Radiation Therapy Planning System

proton, simulation, experiment, status

179

A.A. Pryanichnikov
MSU, Moscow, Russia
E.V. Altukhova, I.I. Degtyarev, O.A. Liashenko, F.N. Novoskoltsev, R.Yu. Sinyukov
IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia
A.A. Pryanichnikov, A.S. Simakov
PhTC LPI RAS, Protvino, Russia

This paper describes the main features of newest version of PIPLAN proton- carbon ion radiation therapy planning system. The PIPLAN 2021 code was assigned for precise Monte Carlo treatment planning for heterogeneous areas, including lung, head and neck location. Two various computer methods are used to modeling the interactions between the proton and carbon ion beam and the patient’s anatomy to determine the spatial distribution of the radiation physical and biological dose. The first algorithm is based on the use of the RTS&T 2021 precision radiation transport code system. The second algorithm is based on the original Ulmer’s method for primary proton beam and adapted Ulmer’s algorithm for primary carbon ion beam.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA40

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Received ※ 24 September 2021 — Revised ※ 25 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 09 October 2021

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MOPSA41

Effect of a Proton Beam from a Linear Accelerator for Radiation Therapy

proton, simulation, distributed, linac

182

L. Ovchinnikova, S.V. Akulinichev, A.P. Durkin, A. Kolomiets, V.V. Paramonov
RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia
A. Kurilik
Private Address, Moscow, Russia
L. Ovchinnikova
Ferrite Domen Co., St. Petersburg, Russia

Linear accelerators can provide beam characteristics that cannot be achieved by circular accelerators. We refer to the concept of a compact linac for creating a proton accelerator with a maximum energy of 230 MeV, operating in a pulsed mode. The linac is designed to accelerate up to 10¹³ particles per 10 to 200 seconds irradiation cycle and is capable of fast adjustment the output energy in the range from 60 to 230 MeV, forming a pencil-like beam with a diameter of ~2 mm. Simulation of dose distribution from a proton beam in a water phantom has been performed. The radiological effect of the linac beam during fast energy scanning is considered, and the features for providing the high dose rate flash radiation therapy are specified. The possibility of a magnetic system for increasing the transverse dimensions of the beam-affected region is discussed.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA41

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Received ※ 28 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 13 October 2021

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MOPSA44

Conceptual Project of Proton Beam Lines in the Nuclear Medicine Project of the "Kurchatov Institute" - PNPI

proton, target, cyclotron, beam-transport

189

D.A. Amerkanov, S.A. Artamonov, E.M. Ivanov, V.I. Maximov, G.A. Riabov, V.A. Tonkikh
PNPI, Gatchina, Leningrad District, Russia

The project of a nuclear medicine complex based on the isochronous cyclotron of negative hydrogen ions C - 80 is being developed at the National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute" - PNPI. The project provides for the design of a building, the creation of stations for the development of methods for obtaining new popular radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals based on them. The commercial component is not excluded. The project also provides for the creation of a complex of proton therapy of the eyesight. For these purposes, the modernization of the beam extraction system of the cyclotron C-80 is planned: a project for the simultaneously two beams extraction systems are being developed. The one for the production of isotopes with an intensity up to 100 mkA and an energy of 40-80 MeV and the second - for ophthalmology with an energy of 70 MeV and intensity up to 10 mkA. The paper presents the calculation and layout of the beam transport lines to the target stations, the operation mode of the magnetic elements and beam envelopes. The method of the proton beam formation for ophthalmology and its parameters are described.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA44

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Received ※ 20 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 23 September 2021 — Issued ※ 15 October 2021

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MOPSA45

Experimental Simulation of Volume Repainting Technique at Proton Synchrotron in Context of Spot Scanning Proton Therapy

target, proton, HOM, simulation

192

Belikhin, M.A. Belikhin, A.P. Chernyaev
MSU, Moscow, Russia
A.A. Pryanichnikov, A.E. Shemyakov
PhTC LPI RAS, Protvino, Russia

Background: Reduction the influence of respiration-induced intrafractional motion of tissues is one of the main tasks of proton therapy with a scanning beam. Repainting is one of the techniques of motion compensation. It consists in multiple repeated irradiations of the entire volume or individual iso-energy layers with a dose that is a multiple of the prescribed dose. As a result, the dose is averaged, which leads to an increase in the uniformity of the dose field. Purpose: Experimental simulation of volume sequential repainting and dosimetric estimation of its capabilities in the context of spot scanning proton therapy (SSPT) using dynamic phantom. Materials and Methods: Simulation of respiration-like translational motion is performed using the non-anthropomorphic water dynamic phantom. Target of this phantom is compatible with EBT-3 films. Estimation of repainting technique is based on the analysis of average dose, dose uniformity in region of interests located within planning target volume, and dose gradients. Results: Repainting was estimated for motion with amplitudes of 2, 5, 10 mm with different number of iterations up to 10 at the prescribed dose of 6 Gy. This one increased the uniformity of the dose field from 85,9% to 96,0% at an amplitude of 10 mm and 10 iterations. Conclusions: Volume repainting improves the uniformity of dose distribution. However, the irradiation time increases, and the dose gradients deteriorate in proportion to the amplitude of motion.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA45

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Received ※ 28 September 2021 — Revised ※ 29 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 16 October 2021

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MOPSA47

Verification of a Beam of Epithermal Neutrons for Boron-Neutron Capture Therapy

neutron, proton, detector, experiment

199

G.D. Verkhovod
Budker INP & NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
D.A. Kasatov, Ia.A. Kolesnikov, S.Yu. Taskaev
NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
D.A. Kasatov, Ia.A. Kolesnikov, A.N. Makarov, S. Savinov, I.M. Shchudlo, T. Sycheva, S.Yu. Taskaev
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
S. Savinov
BINP & NSTU, Novosibirsk, Russia

Funding: The research was supported by Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 19-72-30005.
At Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics it was proposed and developed a source of epithermal neutrons based on a tandem accelerator with vacuum insulation and a lithium target for the development of boron neutron capture therapy, a promising method for treating malignant tumors. To measure the "boron" dose due to the boron-lithium reaction, a small-sized detector has been developed. It consists of two polystyrene scintillators, one of which is enriched with boron. Using the detector, the spatial distribution of boron dose and dose of gamma radiation in a 330x330x315 mm water phantom was measured and the results obtained were compared with the results of numerical simulation of the absorbed dose components in such a tissue-equivalent phantom. It is shown that the results obtained are in good agreement with the calculated ones. It was found that the use of a 72 mm Plexiglas moderator provides an acceptable quality of the neutron beam for in vitro and in vivo studies, namely: 1 mA 2.05 MeV proton beam on a lithium target provides a dose rate of 30 Gy-Eq/h in cells containing boron at a concentration of 40 ppm, and 6 Gy-Eq/h in cells without boron. The developed technique for on-line measurement of boron dose and dose of gamma radiation makes it possible to carry out a similar verification of a neutron beam prepared for clinical trials of BNCT after placing a neutron beam shaping assembly with a magnesium fluoride moderator in a bunker adjacent to the accelerator.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA47

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Received ※ 27 September 2021 — Revised ※ 28 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 22 October 2021

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MOPSA50

Axial Injection System of DC140 Cyclotron of FLNR JINR

cyclotron, injection, ECR, solenoid

209

N.Yu. Kazarinov, V. Bekhterev, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko, I.V. Kalagin, S.V. Mitrofanov, N.F. Osipov, V.A. Semin
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
V.I. Lisov
JINR/FLNR, Moscow region, Russia

Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reaction of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research continues the works under creating of FLNR JINR Irradiation Facility based on the cyclotron DC140. The facility will have three experimental beam lines for SEE testing of microchips, for production of track membranes and for solving of applied physics problems. The injection into cyclotron will be realized from the external room temperature 18 GHz ECR ion source. The systems of DC140 cyclotron such as axial injection, main magnet, RF- and extraction systems and beam lines are the reconstruction of the DC72 cyclotron ones. The acceleration in DC140 cyclotron is carried out for two values of harmonic number h = 2,3 of heavy ions with mass-to-charge ratio A/Z within two intervals 5 - 5.5 and 7.5 - 8.25 up to two fixed energies 2.124 and 4.8 MeV per unit mass, correspondingly. The intensity of the accelerated ions will be about 1 pmcA for light ions (A<86) and about 0.1 pmcA for heavier ions (A>132). The design of the axial injection system of the DC140 cyclotron is presented in this report.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA50

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Received ※ 27 August 2021 — Revised ※ 07 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 10 September 2021 — Issued ※ 23 October 2021

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MOPSA54

Calculation of Dose Fields and Energy Spectra of Secondary Radiation in the Extraction Zone of a Synchrotron Accelerator for Protons With Energies Up to 700 MeV

proton, simulation, synchrotron, experiment

222

R.P. Truntseva, N.N. Kurapov, A.M. Opekunov
RFNC-VNIIEF, Sarov, Nizhniy Novgorod region, Russia
A.V. Telnov, N.V. Zavyalov
VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia

The possibility of using a multipurpose synchrotron accelerator for researching the processes of heavy charged particles interaction with various materials is considered. The accelerator provides proton energies up to 700 MeV. It is necessary to evaluate the emerging dose fields at the design stage of the experimental room. In this case, it is important to evaluate the dose distribution, energies and types of secondary radiation that may enter the adjacent rooms. This paper presents the results of the radiation environment evaluation in the radiation extraction zone of the synchrotron accelerator. Simulation results of secondary radiation energy spectra near the walls, which separate the irradiation zone from adjacent rooms, are presented. Proton energies are equal to 60, 85, 110 and 700 MeV are considered. Simulation was performed by the Monte Carlo method in a program developed using Geant4* libraries.
* Geant4 User’s Guide for Application Developers //Geant4 Collaboration.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA54

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Received ※ 27 September 2021 — Revised ※ 28 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 11 October 2021

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MOPSA55

Beam-induced Background Simulations for the CMS Experiment at the LHC

detector, simulation, experiment, background

225

I.L. Azhgirey, I.S. Bayshev, I.A. Kurochkin, A.D. Riabchikova
IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia
A.E. Dabrowski
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
S. Mallows
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany

Beam-induced background comes from interactions of the beam and beam halo particles with either the residual gas in the vacuum chamber of accelerator or the collimators that define the beam aperture. Beam-induced processes can potentially be a significant source of background for physics analyses at the LHC. This contribution describes the simulation software environment used for this part of the CMS experiment activity and recent beam-induced background simulation results for the Phase-2 CMS operation design.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA55

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Received ※ 14 September 2021 — Revised ※ 29 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 14 October 2021

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MOPSA57

Experimental Investigation the Synthetic Crystal Diamond Plates of Methods of Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy

positron, electron, experiment, laser

231

M.K. Eseev
NArFU, Arhangelsk, Russia
A.G. Kobets, I.N. Meshkov, O. Orlov, A.A. Sidorin
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
A.G. Kobets
IERT, Kharkov, Ukraine
K. Siemek
JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
K. Siemek
IFJ-PAN, Kraków, Poland

The results of experimental studies of synthetic diamond plates as a promising element of X-ray optics of synchrotrons by positron annihilation spectroscopy using the LNP im. V.P. Dzhelepov, JINR.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA57

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Received ※ 25 September 2021 — Revised ※ 02 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 17 October 2021

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MOPSA58

Sources of Ultrashort X-Ray Pulses in the Investigation of the Structure and Dynamics of Nanosystems

FEL, laser, electron, scattering

234

M.K. Eseev
NArFU, Arhangelsk, Russia

Free electron lasers are today one of the main sources of ultrashort X-ray pulses. The installations used in the world today and the results of experiments and calculations with various nanosystems are presented.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOPSA58

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Received ※ 01 October 2021 — Revised ※ 02 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 24 October 2021

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TUPSB16

Calculation and Optimization of High-Energy Beam Transfer Lines by the Monte Carlo Method

proton, emittance, beam-transport, ion-source

262

D.A. Amerkanov, E.M. Ivanov, G.A. Riabov, V.A. Tonkikh
PNPI, Gatchina, Leningrad District, Russia

The calculation of high-energy beam lines consists of tracing of the proton beam trajectories along the transport channel from the source. The PROTON_MK program code was developed to carry out such calculations using the Monte Carlo method. The beam from the accelerator is introduced in the form of a multivariate Gaussian distribution in x,x’,z,z’,dp/p phase space. In the case when an absorber (absorber, air section, window in the channel, etc.) is installed in the transport channel the beam parameters after the absorber are calculated using the GEANT4. The output file of this code can be used as input for the program. The program allows calculation of any beam parameters - intensity, spatial or phase density, energy distribution, etc. The program includes a block for the optimization of beam parameters presented in a functional form. Random search method with learning for search correction based on analysis of intermediate results (so-called statistical gradient method) is used for obtaining the global maximum of a function of many variables. The program has been tested in calculations of the beam transport lines for IC-80 cyclotron and for the development of the beam line for ophthalmology.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB16

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Received ※ 21 September 2021 — Revised ※ 22 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 23 September 2021 — Issued ※ 28 September 2021

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TUPSB20

Selection of a System for Correcting the Energy Spread of Relativistic Electron Bunches for a Free Electron Laser

GUI, electron, wakefield, ECR

268

A. Altmark, N.A. Lesiv, K. Mukhamedgaliev
LETI, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

The object of this work is a device called dechirper, which is used to decrease energy spread in relativistic electron bunch for free electron laser application. This system is based on cylindrical dielectric waveguide with vacuum channel needed for electron bunch passing. The Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation excited in waveguide is used to profile electromagnetic field inside the bunch and as a consequence to achieve the required energy distribution. The work includes numerical modeling of the electron beam passage through a waveguide structure, the generation of wake radiation and the interaction of this radiation with an electron bunch. We made original code to carry out numerical modeling, where the method of macroparticles and the method of Green’s function are implemented. The dependences of the energy compression coefficient and the length at which the maximum energy compression coefficient is achieved on various parameters of the dielectric waveguide structure and the physical parameters of electron bunches were identified. Various recommendations were also made on the choice of a waveguide used as a dechirper.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB20

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Received ※ 27 September 2021 — Revised ※ 28 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 29 September 2021 — Issued ※ 08 October 2021

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TUPSB22

Wakefield Undulator Based on a Sinusoidal Dielectric Waveguide

GUI, undulator, electron, wakefield

274

I.L. Sheinman, O.S. Alekseeva
LETI, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

The idea of creating an undulator based on the wake principle by passing a beam through a sinusoidal dielectric waveguide is proposed. A numerical analysis of the dynamics of a short electron beam in a wake undulator on a bending wave of a waveguide with a dielectric filling is carried out. The possibility of reducing the instability of the beam by choosing the initial phase of the flexural wave and the initial transverse positioning of the beam is considered.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB22

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Received ※ 19 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 20 September 2021 — Issued ※ 28 September 2021

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TUPSB25

Storage Ring Design and Beam Instabilities Investigation for MEPhI’s Photon Source

scattering, photon, storage-ring, laser

277

V.S. Dyubkov, S.M. Polozov
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia

Funding: Work supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant no. 19-29-12036
There is a design of a compact photon source based on inverse Compton scattering at NRNU MEPhI. Updated synchrotron lattice, electron dynamics simulation and beam instabilities studies are presented.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB25

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Received ※ 30 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 23 October 2021

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TUPSB28

X-ray Thomson Inverse Scattering from Periodically Modulated Laser Pulses

laser, electron, scattering, HOM

283

D.Yu. Sergeeva, A.A. Tishchenko
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
D.Yu. Sergeeva
BelSU/LRP, Belgorod, Russia
D.Yu. Sergeeva, A.A. Tishchenko
NRC, Moscow, Russia
A.A. Tishchenko
BNRU, Belgorod, Russia

Funding: This work is performed within the project supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), grant # 19-29-12036
Being a compact source of x-rays based on the Thomson backscattering Thomson source has potential to be used in medicine and biology and in other area where narrow band x-ray beams are essential. We suggest and investigate theoretically the idea to use laser pulses modulated with a short period in Thomson backscattering. The coherent radiation is obtained with intensity proportional to the squared number of micro-pulses in the whole laser pulse.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB28

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Received ※ 23 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 29 September 2021 — Issued ※ 21 October 2021

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TUPSB29

Geant4 for Inverse Compton Radiation Source Simulations

electron, laser, photon, scattering

286

A.A. Savchenko, D.Yu. Sergeeva, A.A. Tishchenko
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
A.A. Savchenko, D.Yu. Sergeeva, A.A. Tishchenko
NRC, Moscow, Russia
A.A. Savchenko, A.A. Tishchenko
BNRU, Belgorod, Russia
D.Yu. Sergeeva
BelSU/LRP, Belgorod, Russia

Funding: This work was supported by the RFBR grant 19-29-12036.
Compton backscattering* is a promising mechanism for engineering of a bright, compact and versatile X-ray source: with dimensions being significantly smaller, the brightness of this source is comparable with that of synchrotron radiation. Nowadays, active researches are underway on various aspects of this phenomenon** aiming at increasing of radiation intensity and quality. In modern science, such kind of research is necessarily accompanied by the computer simulations. In this report, we are talking about creation and implementation of the Compton backscattering module into the Geant4 package***, which is the leading simulation toolkit in high-energy physics, accelerator physics, medical physics, and space studies. Created module of Compton backscattering has been implemented as a discrete physical process and operates with a fixed light target (a virtual volume with the properties of a laser beam), with which a beam of charged particles interacts. Such a description allows user to flexibly change necessary parameters depending on the problem being solved, which opens up new possibilities for using Geant4 in the studied area.
* K.T. Phuoc et al., Nat. Photonics 6, 308 (2012).
** A. Ovodenko et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 109, 253504 (2016).
*** S. Agostinelli et al., Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 506, 250 (2003).

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB29

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Received ※ 17 September 2021 — Revised ※ 22 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 23 September 2021 — Issued ※ 02 October 2021

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TUPSB32

Emission of Photons at the Interaction of a High-Energy Positron Beam with a Periodically Deformed Crystal

undulator, positron, photon, experiment

289

A.A. Yanovich, A.G. Afonin, G.I. Britvich, M.Yu. Chesnokov, Y.A. Chesnokov, A.A. Durum, M.Yu. Kostin, I.S. Lobanov, V.I. Pitalev, I.V. Poluektov, Yu.E. Sandomirskiy
IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia

Funding: Russian science foundation (grant 17-12-01532)
Periodically deformed crystals have long attracted at-tention as "crystalline undulators". In the experi-ment carried out at the U-70 accelerator, the radiation of positrons moving in a periodically deformed crystal was observed. Experimental evidence has been obtained for an undulator peak in a radiation spectrum, which is quali-tatively consistent with calculations. It is shown that most of the emitted energy is due to hard photons with energies of tens of MeV as a result of channeling and reflection of particles, whose spectral density is several times higher than the radiation in an amorphous target.

Poster TUPSB32 [0.864 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB32

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Received ※ 06 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 10 September 2021 — Issued ※ 17 September 2021

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TUPSB34

New Lattice Design for Kurchatov Synchrotron Radiation Source

synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, lattice, ion-source

297

Ye. Fomin, V. Korchuganov
NRC, Moscow, Russia

Funding: The reported study was partially funded by RFBR, project number 19-29-12039
Nowadays the upgrade project of the 2nd generation synchrotron radiation source operating at NRC Kurchatov Institute has been ongoing. The main aim of the project is to create a new synchrotron radiation source with the same 124 m circumference and providing synchrotron radiation properties inherent to the 3rd generation sources (emittance ~ 3 nm·rad). The new machine will consist of new storage ring with 2.5 GeV electron energy, full energy booster synchrotron and 0.2 GeV linac. The mandatory requirement for the project is to keep all currently operating beamlines. In this article we present the design challenges and approaches for this machine, the conceptional design and baseline lattice.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB34

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Received ※ 22 September 2021 — Revised ※ 29 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 20 October 2021

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TUPSB53

Measurement of Parameters of Neutron Radiation on the Accelerator-Based Epithermal Neutron Source

neutron, target, proton, tandem-accelerator

337

M.I. Bikchurina, D.A. Kasatov, Ia.A. Kolesnikov, K. Martianov, I.M. Shchudlo, S.Yu. Taskaev
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
T.A. Bykov
Budker INP & NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia

Funding: The research was supported by Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 19-72-30005.
The accelerator-based epithermal neutrons source, proposed and created in the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, provides the generation and formation of a neutron flux suitable for testing the boron neutron capture therapy of malignant tumors. The paper presents and discusses the results of studies using activation techniques. Using activation foils from the SWX-1552 kit (Shieldwerx, USA), an iterative grid method for reconstructing the neutron spectrum was tested. It was found that the use of activation foils for determining the spectrum of epithermal neutrons is questionable, since the main part of the interaction falls on the high-energy part of the spectrum, instead of the resonance of the foil. The number of neutrons is equal to the number of activated beryllium-7 nuclei (it has been proven by measurements that beryllium-7 is not sputtered from the lithium layer). The neutron yield was monitored by registering gamma quanta from the 7Li(p, n)7Be reaction. Depending on the number of registered gamma quanta, recalculation was made for the amount of activated beryllium. In this paper it was measured the number of neutrons depending on different geometries, different parameters of the proton beam and target material, there is a good agreement with the theory.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB53

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Received ※ 24 September 2021 — Revised ※ 25 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 29 September 2021 — Issued ※ 02 October 2021

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WEPSC04

Accelerating Structure of 8 MeV Electron Linac

electron, resonance, GUI, coupling

346

A.N. Shein, I.V. Shorikov
RFNC-VNIIEF, Sarov, Nizhniy Novgorod region, Russia
A.V. Telnov
VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia

Linear resonance electron accelerator LU-10-20 is under operation in RFNC-VNIIEF since 1994*. LU-10-20 is aimed at carrying out radiation processing of materials and researching radiation processes. The energy of accelerated electrons is up to 10 MeV, the average beam power - up to 12 kW. This accelerator has demonstrated that it is highly useful for performing radiation researches and tests. As of today work is underway on modernization of LU-10-20 including its accelerating structure and RF power supply. Accelerating structure is aimed at electron beam acceleration up to nominal energy and consists of complicated resonance TW RF structure, which uncluded iris-loaded waveguide, input and output matching devices. The paper presents the electrodynamic calculation results of modernized accelerating structure, input and output matching devices, and also beam dynamics calculation results.
*N.V.Zavyalov et al. Commercial linear accelerator of electrons LU-10-20. Materials of the XV All-Union Seminar on Linear Accelerators of Charged Particles, Nucl. Phys. Res.No2, 3(29, 30),1997, p.39-41.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-WEPSC04

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Received ※ 28 September 2021 — Revised ※ 29 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 18 October 2021

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WEPSC08

Vacuum Condition Simulations for Vacuum Chambers of Synchrotron Radiation Source

vacuum, storage-ring, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation

358

S.M. Polozov, V.S. Dyubkov, A.S. Panishev, V.L. Shatokhin
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
V.S. Dyubkov, S.M. Polozov, V.L. Shatokhin
NRC, Moscow, Russia

Analysis of gas loads for the vacuum system chambers of the 6GeV synchrotron radiation (SR) source are carried out. The main source of gas loads is the photostimulated desorption induced by SR. The influence of storage ring lattice, geometric dimensions and beam parameters on the vacuum conditions in SR-source prototype chambers is studied. The geometric model of the storage ring chamber designed for simulation is considered. The simulation of the radiation flux parameters generated by the charged particles passing through the section of the vacuum chamber has been performed. The technique of calculating the parameters of SR and photostimulated desorption by means of Synrad+ and Molflow+ codes is applied.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-WEPSC08

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Received ※ 27 September 2021 — Revised ※ 28 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 18 October 2021

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WEPSC29

Diagnostics of the Proton Beam Position Using the Luminescence of a Lithium Neutron-Generating Target

target, proton, neutron, tandem-accelerator

396

E.O. Sokolova
Budker INP & NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
A.N. Makarov, S.Yu. Taskaev
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
S.Yu. Taskaev
NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia

Funding: This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 19-32-90119.
An accelerator-based source of epithermal neutrons was proposed and created at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. It consists of a vacuum-insulated tandem accelerator for producing a proton beam and a lithium target for generating neutrons as a result of the 7Li(p, n)7Be threshold reaction. With the use of a video camera and a spectrometer, the luminescence of lithium was registered when the lithium target was irradiated with protons. The recorded emission line 610.3 ± 0.5 nm corresponds to the electronic transition in the lithium atom 1s23d -> 1s22p, and the 670.7 ± 1 nm line corresponds to the 1s22p -> 1s22s transition. Based on the results of the study, the visual diagnostics for operational monitoring of the position and the size of the proton beam on the surface of a lithium target was developed and put into operation. The diagnostics can be applied in the neutron generation mode. The possibility of detecting luminescence made it possible to ensure the reliability of measuring the current of the argon ion beam accompanying the proton beam. When studying the blistering of a metal upon implantation of protons with an energy of 2 MeV, luminescence could lead to an overestimation of the surface temperature measured by a thermal imager.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-WEPSC29

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Received ※ 12 September 2021 — Revised ※ 23 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 01 October 2021 — Issued ※ 18 October 2021

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WEPSC36

Simulation of the Coherent Radiation Interferometry for the Beam Temporal Structure Diagnostics

detector, simulation, electron, target

413

D.A. Shkitov, M. Shevelev, S. Stuchebrov, M. Toktaganova
TPU, Tomsk, Russia

Today, free electron lasers and new facilities that are capable of generating sequences of short electron bunches with a high (THz) repetition rate have widely developed. The existing diagnostic methods for such sequences have limitations or are not applicable. Therefore, it is important to develop new approaches to diagnose the temporal structure of such sequences (trains) in modern accelerators. In this report, we describe a model of coherent radiation interferometry using a Michelson interferometer. The mechanisms of transition and diffraction radiation are selected as the radiation source. The model takes into account the finite target size, the parameters of the sequence structure and the detector characteristics. The simulation results allow us to conclude that the analysis of the radiation intensity autocorrelation function itself can be applied as diagnostics method of an arbitrary bunch train temporal structure. Based on such method we can obtain information on the bunch number in the train and the distance between bunches.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-WEPSC36

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Received ※ 24 September 2021 — Revised ※ 30 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 13 October 2021

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WEPSC57

System of on-Line Energy Control of Electron Beam for Accelerator

electron, monitoring, controls, detector

446

N.N. Kurapov, Ya.V. Bodryashkin, A.S. Cherkasov, I.V. Shorikov
RFNC-VNIIEF, Sarov, Nizhniy Novgorod region, Russia
A.V. Telnov
VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia

There arises a need for measuring the output electron energy in the on-line mode during set-up, adjustment or operation of an accelerator. For this purpose a system is developed, allowing an on-line control of an accelerated electron energy spectrum simultaneously with average current measurement. This system is meant for reconstruction of the energy spectrum of accelerated electrons in the energy range from 1 up to 10 MeV at the average beam current from 20 up to 150 µA. The system is based on the method of absorbing filters and consists of an assembly, absorbing an accelerated electron beam, and a measuring system. The absorption assembly represents a set of insulated from each other electro-conducting plates of dimension 100x100 mm and thickness from 0.15 up to 1 mm with an air gap between plates 2 mm. The operation involves development, manufacture and calculation of electron beam transmission through the absorption assembly, development and manufacture of hardware for automated measuring of absorbed charges in the assembly elements, development of a master computer program as well as a program of energy spectrum reconstruction, using measured and calculated data, testing of the energy on-line control system on the LU-10-20 linear resonance electron accelerator. Tests of the developed sample on the electron accelerator have proved the applicability of the system to control the electron beam energy in the real-time mode.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-WEPSC57

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Received ※ 27 September 2021 — Revised ※ 30 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 22 October 2021

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FRA02

Cyclotron of Multicharged Ions

cyclotron, injection, vacuum, resonance

96

Yu.K. Osina, A. Akimova, A.V. Galchuck, Yu.N. Gavrish, S.V. Grigorenko, V.I. Grigoriev, M.L. Klopenkov, R.M. Klopenkov, L.E. Korolev, K.A. Kravchuk, A.N. Kuzhlev, I.I. Mezhov, V.G. Mudrolyubov, K.E. Smirnov, Yu.I. Stogov, S.S. Tsygankov, M.V. Usanova
NIIEFA, St. Petersburg, Russia

The JSC "NIIEFA" is designing a cyclotron system intended to accelerate ions with a mass-to-charge ratio of 3-7 in the energy range of 7.5-15 MeV per nucleon. The variety of ions, the range of changes in their energy, and the intensity of the beams provide conditions for a wide range of basic and applied research, including for solving a number of technological tasks. The cyclotron electromagnet has an H-shaped design with a pole diameter of 4 meters and a four-sector mag-netic structure. In the basic mode, the dependence of the induction on the radius corresponding to the isochronous motion is realized by turning on the main coil only through the shape of the central plugs, sector side plates, and sector chamfers. For other modes of isochronous ac-celeration, the current in the main coil is changed and cor-rection coils are tuned. The resonance system consists of two resonators with an operating frequency adjustable from 13 to 20 MHz. The final stage of the RF generator is installed close to the resonator and is connected to it by a conductive power input device. The external injection system generates and separates ions with a given A/z ratio. The injection energy is chosen such that the Larmor radius is constant, which allows us-ing an inflector of unchanged geometry for the entire list of ions. The transportation system forms beams of accelerated ions with specified parameters and delivers them to sample irradiation devices. Computer control of the cyclotron is provided.

Slides FRA02 [11.588 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-FRA02

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Received ※ 24 September 2021 — Revised ※ 29 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 20 October 2021

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FRA05

Cyclotron System C-250

proton, cyclotron, resonance, controls

105

K.E. Smirnov, A.V. Galchuck, Yu.N. Gavrish, S.V. Grigorenko, V.I. Grigoriev, R.M. Klopenkov, L.E. Korolev, K.A. Kravchuk, A.N. Kuzhlev, I.I. Mezhov, V.G. Mudrolyubov, Yu.K. Osina, Yu.I. Stogov, M.V. Usanova
NIIEFA, St. Petersburg, Russia

JSC "NIIEFA" is designing a cyclotron system that gen-erates intensive proton beams with final energy in the range of 30-250 MeV. We have adopted a non-standard technical solution: at the energy of less than 125 MeV negative hydrogen ions are accelerated with the extrac-tion of protons by the stripping device; at higher energies protons are accelerated, and the beam is extracted by a deflector and a magnetic channel. The isochronous de-pendence of the magnetic field on the radius for different final energies is provided by changing the current in the main coil and tuning the correction coils. The cyclotron electromagnet has an H-shaped design with a pole diameter of 4 meters, a four-sector magnetic structure, and high spirality sectors. The dees of the reso-nance system are formed by delta electrodes and placed in the opposite valleys; stems are brought outwards through holes in the valleys. The operating frequency range is 24-33.2 MHz. The power of the RF generator is 60 kW. The cyclotron complex is equipped with a branched beam transport system and target devices for applied re-search on the radiation resistance of materials. Computer control of the cyclotron and its associated systems is provided.

Slides FRA05 [6.105 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-FRA05

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Received ※ 29 September 2021 — Revised ※ 30 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 19 October 2021

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FRB05

Updated Status of Protom Synchrotrons for Radiation Therapy

proton, synchrotron, extraction, injection

120

A.A. Pryanichnikov, V. Alexandrov, V.E. Balakin, A.I. Bazhan, Belikhin, M.A. Belikhin, V.I. Chashurin, P.A. Lunev, A.E. Shemyakov, A.I. Shestopalov
PhTC LPI RAS, Protvino, Russia
V. Alexandrov, V.E. Balakin, A.I. Bazhan, Belikhin, M.A. Belikhin, P.A. Lunev, A.A. Pryanichnikov, A.E. Shemyakov, A.I. Shestopalov
Protom Ltd., Protvino, Russia

Physical-Technical Center of P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of RAS and Protom Ltd. are engaged in development and implantation of synchrotrons for proton therapy into clinical practice. There are two proton therapy complexes "Prometheus" in Russia. That are fully developed and manufactured at Physical-Technical Center and Protom. Every day patients with head and neck cancer get treatment using "Prometheus" at the A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center. At the moment these facilities together have accumulated more than 5 years of clinical experience. Two facilities are based on the Protom synchrotrons in the USA. One operates at the McLaren Hospital PT Center, it started to treat patients in 2018. Another one is as a part of the single-room proton therapy system "Radiance330" in Massachusetts General Hospital, that went into clinical operations in 2020. The first Israel proton therapy complex based on Protom synchrotron was launched in 2019. Protom facilities provide full stack of modern proton therapy technologies such as IMPT and pencil beam scanning. Key features of Protom synchrotron: low weight, compact size and low power consumption allow it to be placed in conventional hospitals without construction of any special infrastructure. This report presents current data on accelerator researches and developments of Physical-Technical Center and Protom Ltd. In addition, it provides data on the use of Protom based proton therapy complexes under the clinical conditions.

Slides FRB05 [8.949 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-FRB05

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Received ※ 19 September 2021 — Revised ※ 30 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 11 October 2021

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FRB06

The Results Obtained on "Radiobiological Stand" Facility, Working with the Extracted Carbon Ion Beam of the U-70 Accelerator

experiment, target, dipole, status

124

V.A. Pikalov, A.G. Alexeev, Y.M. Antipov, V.A. Kalinin, A.V. Koshelev, A.V. Maximov, M.P. Ovsienko, M.K. Polkovnikov, A.P. Soldatov
IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia

This report provides an information of present status of the "Radiobiological stand" facility at the extracted carbon ions beam of the U-70 accelerator. The results of the development of the RBS facility are presented. A plans for development an experimental medical center for carbon ion therapy on the basis of the U-70 accelerator complex are also reported.

Slides FRB06 [11.249 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-FRB06

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Received ※ 26 September 2021 — Revised ※ 08 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 23 October 2021

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FRC01

Neutron Field Measurements by GFPC Based Monitors at the Carbon Beam of IHEP U-70 Proton Synchrotron

neutron, simulation, experiment, synchrotron

129

O.V. Sumaneev, I.L. Azhgirey, I.S. Bayshev, V.A. Pikalov
IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia

Neutron monitors with gas filled proportional counters as a sensitive element were presented at RuPAC-2018. These monitors have been used recently to measure fast neutron fluxes near the carbon beam based experimental facility at IHEP. The experimental facility "Radiobiological test setup at the U-70 accelerator" was built at NRC "Kurchatov Institute" - IHEP, Protvino, to carry out radiobiological and physical experiments on the extracted beam of carbon nuclei with an energy up to 450 MeV/nucleon. The measurements were compared with the CERN FLUKA code simulations.

Slides FRC01 [0.859 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-FRC01

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Received ※ 30 September 2021 — Revised ※ 01 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 22 October 2021

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