Cyclotron and FFAG Concepts, New Projects
Paper Title Page
MOA01 Operational Experience and Upgrade Plans of the RIBF Accelerator Complex 1
 
  • H. Okuno, T. Dantsuka, M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, H. Hasebe, Y. Higurashi, E. Ikezawa, H. Imao, O. Kamigaito, M. Kidera, M. Komiyama, K. Kumagai, T. Maie, M. Nagase, T. Nagatomo, T. Nakagawa, M. Nakamura, J. Ohnishi, K. Ozeki, N. Sakamoto, K. Suda, A. Uchiyama, S. Watanabe, T. Watanabe, Y. Watanabe, K. Yamada, H. Yamasawa
    RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
 
  The Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory (RIBF) is the cyclotron based accelerator facility for nuclear science, completed in the end of 2006. Now RIBF can provide the most intense RI beams. Continuous efforts since the first beam has increased the beam intensity and made stable operation. In 2016, 49.8 pnA (3×1011/sec) of uranium ion beam could be extracted from the final accelerator SRC with energy of 345 MeV/u. An intensity upgrade program has been proposed to increase the intensity of uranium ion by more than twenty. The program includes two subjects. First, space charge limit of the beam intensity in the low energy ring cyclotron (RRC) should be increased by replacing the existing resonators with the new one to get higher accelerating voltage. The second is skip of the first stripper, requiring a new ring cyclotron (FRC) just after the first stripper to increase the maximum magnetic rigidity so as to accept low charge state. This presentation show a conceptual design of the new cyclotron with some issues to realize the intensity upgrade.  
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TUB02 Updated Physics Design of the DAEδALUS and IsoDAR Coupled Cyclotrons for High Intensity H2+ Beam Production 137
 
  • D. Winklehner
    MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
 
  The Decay-At-rest Experiment for deltaCP violation At a Laboratory for Underground Science (DAEδALUS)* and the Isotope Decay-At-Rest experiment (IsoDAR)** are proposed experiments to search for CP violation in the neutrino sector, and 'sterile' neutrinos, respectively. In order to be decisive within 5 years, the neutrino flux and, consequently, the driver beam current (produced by chained cyclotrons) must be high. H2+ was chosen as primary beam ion in order to reduce the electrical current and thus space charge. This has the added advantage of allowing for stripping extraction at the exit of the DAEδALUS Superconducting Ring Cyclotron (DSRC). The primary beam current is higher than current cyclotrons have demonstrated which has led to a substantial R&D effort of our collaboration in the last years. I will present the results of this research, including tests of prototypes and highly realistic beam simulations***, which led to the latest physics-based design. The presented results suggest that it is feasible, albeit challenging, to accelerate 5 mA of H2+ to 60 MeV/amu in a compact cyclotron and boost it to 800 MeV/amu in the DSRC with clean extraction in both cases.
*The DAEδALUS collaboration, arXiv:1307.2949, 2013
**A. Bungau, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., Bd. 109, Nr. 14, p. 141802, 2012
***J. Yang, et al., NIM-A 704 (11), 84-91 , 2013
 
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TUB03 A Novel Use oF FFAGs in ERLs - in Colliders: eRHIC, LHeC and a Prototype at Cornell University 140
 
  • D. Trbojevic, I. Ben-Zvi, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, S.J. Brooks, K.A. Brown, W. Fischer, Y. Hao, V. Litvinenko, G.J. Mahler, W. Meng, F. Méot, M.G. Minty, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, T. Roser, P. Thieberger, N. Tsoupas, J.E. Tuozzolo, H. Witte
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • J. Barley, A.C. Bartnik, I.V. Bazarov, J.A. Crittenden, J. Dobbins, B.M. Dunham, R.G. Eichhorn, F. Furuta, R.E. Gallagher, G.H. Hoffstaetter, Y. Li, W. Lou, C.E. Mayes, J.R. Patterson, D.M. Sabol, D. Sagan, K.W. Smolenski, R.M. Talman
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  • S.A. Bogacz, D. Douglas, T. Satogata
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
 
  Funding: New York State
We propose a novel use of Fixed Field Altrenating Gradient beam line (FFAG) to replace multiple beam lines in existing ERL's (4-pass at Novosibirsk, ERL of CEBAF, ERL at KEK, etc.) with a single FFAG beam line connected with spreaders and combiners to the linac. We present two designs for the Electron Ion Colliders one at CERN LHeC and one at Brookhaven National Laboratory to be placed in the tunnel of the existing Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) called eRHIC. The proof of principle electron accelerator with the FFAG arc is to be built at Cornell University Wilson Hall where there are already available injector, superconducting linac accelerator and the dump. There are very new developments in the FFAG design never accomplished before: arc-to straight adiabatic matching with merged multiple orbits into one, permanent magnet design for the arc and straights with ability of four times in energy, etc.
 
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TUB04 Acceleration of Polarized Deuteron Beams with RIBF Cyclotrons 145
 
  • N. Sakamoto, N. Fukunishi, M. Kase, K. Suda
    RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
  • K. Sekiguchi
    Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Sendai, Japan
 
  We have recently performed experiments with polarized deuteron beams at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory (RIBF). Tensor- and vector-polarized deuterons were produced using the RIKEN polarized ion source (PIS), which is an atomic-beam-type ion source equipped with an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ionizer, and were accelerated to 190 MeV/u, 250 MeV/u, and 300 MeV/u with a cyclotron cascade. To measure the various spin observables, the spin orientation of the deuteron beams was freely directed by using a Wien filter. The advantage of this method is that since the velocity of the deuteron is low the size of a magnet required for the spin rotation is very compact. On the other hand it is crucial to realize strict single-turn extraction for each cyclotron because the cyclotron magnetic field causes precession of the deuteron spin resulting in a deviation between its spin orientation and the beam propagation direction. This paper describes the acceleration of the polarized deuteron beams by the RIBF accelerators and the method to confirm single-turn extraction.  
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WEB04 A Coupled Cyclotron Solution for Carbon Ions Acceleration 270
 
  • V.L. Smirnov, S.B. Vorozhtsov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
 
  A concept of coupled cyclotrons for acceleration of carbon ions (charge 6+) to 400 MeV/nucleon by a separated sector cyclotron consisting of six sector magnets with superconducting coils is proposed. Injection to the machine will be provided by a compact 70 MeV/nucleon cyclotron. The accelerator complex is intended for setting up a radiation therapy facility employing carbon ions. The advantages of the dual cyclotron design are typical of cyclotron-based solutions. The first design studies of the sector magnet of the main cyclotron (magnetic field increases from 4.2 T to 6.5 T, RF frequency 73.56 MHz, RF mode 6) show that it is feasible with acceptable beam dynamics. The accelerator has a relatively compact size (outer diameter of 8 m) and can be an alternative to synchrotrons.  
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THP20 Magnetic System for SC200 Superconducting Cyclotron for Proton Therapy 353
 
  • N.A. Morozov, O. Karamyshev, G.A. Karamysheva, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • Y.F. Bi, G. Chen, Y. Chen, K.Z. Ding, Sh. Du, H. Feng, J. Ge, J. Li, Y. Song, J. Zheng, J. Zhou
    ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China
 
  The superconducting cyclotron SC200 for proton therapy is designing by ASIPP (Hefei, China) and JINR (Dubna, Russia) will be able to accelerate protons to the energy 200 MeV with the maximum beam current of 1 μA. A conceptual design study with 3D codes for the superconducting cyclotron magnet has been carried out during 2015-16 at ASIPP and JINR. The main design considerations are reviewed. The results obtained by numerical field computation for a suitable choice of design parameters are presented. Results of numerical calculations are the basis for technical design of SC200 cyclotron.  
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THP22 Status of the ISOL Cyclotron System in RISP 356
 
  • J. Kang, H.M. Jang, B. Kang, J.-W. Kim, J.H. Lee
    IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
 
  An ISOL system has been developed for providing neutron-rich RI beam to multi-disciplinary users by Rare Isotope Science Project (RISP) of the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) in Korea. The ISOL system is composed of proton driver, target/ion source station, mass separator, charge breeder, and A/q separator. A selected beam of interest is then injected into re-accelerator, which is a superconducting linac. A 70-MeV proton cyclotron was chosen as the proton driver to induce direct fission of UCx target. The final goal of beam power on target is 70 kW, which will be achieved gradually from 10 kW during post-RISP. Commercial H compact cyclotrons and high-intensity separated cyclotrons have been considered for its extension of multi-purpose uses. In this paper, the specifications of the cyclotrons along with concerned issues and the status of our procurement plan will be presented.  
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THP24 Design of a Beamline from CYRCé for Radiobiological Experiments 359
 
  • E. Bouquerel, T. Adams, G. Heitz, C. Maazouzi, C. Matthieu, F.R. Osswald, M. Pellicioli, M. Rousseau, C. Ruescas, J. Schuler, E.K. Traykov
    IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
 
  Funding: The project is supported by the Contrat de Projet Etat-Région (CPER) Alsace Champagne-Ardenne Lorraine 2015-2020.
The PRECy project (Platform for Radiobiological Experiments from CYRCé) foresees the use of a 16-25 MeV energy proton beam produced by the recently installed TR24 cyclotron at the Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC) of Strasbourg for biological tissues irradiation. The second exit port of the cyclotron will be used for this application along with a combination magnet. The platform will consist of up to 3 or 5 experimental stations linked to beamlines in a dedicated 15x13m area next to the cyclotron vault. One of the beamlines will receive proton beams of a few cm diameter at intensities up to 100 nA. The status of the design of the first beam line is presented. The characterization of the proton beam parameters has been performed using the quad scan method. TraceWin and COSY Infinity codes allowed simulating the beam envelopes and defining the electromagnetic equipment that will compose the beamline.
 
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THP25 Status of the DC-280 Cyclotron Project 363
 
  • I.V. Kalagin, S.L. Bogomolov, S.N. Dmitriev, B. Gikal, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko, G.N. Ivanov, N.Yu. Kazarinov, Y.T. Oganessian, N.F. Osipov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
 
  The current status of the DC-280 cyclotron project is presented. The DC-280 will be the basic facility of the Super Heavy Element Factory which is being created at the FLNR JINR. The main parts of the DC-280 are already made. In according to FLNR plans the cyclotron has to be assembled and will be ready to the first run by the end of 2017.  
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THP27
Research and Development of the Beam Line for SC200 Superconducting Proton Cyclotron  
 
  • J. Zheng, Y.F. Bi, G. Chen, Y. Chen, K.Z. Ding, H. Feng, J. Feng, M. Li, Y. Song, Zeng. Zeng
    ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China
  • O. Karamyshev, G.A. Karamysheva, N.A. Morozov, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
 
  Funding: funded by the governmrnt of Hefei city, China
The SC200 superconducting cyclotron for proton therapy is under development by collaboration of Hefei government of China and the institute of plasma physics, Chinese academy of sciences. A fixed energy 200 MeV proton beam with maximum current of 1 μA will be extracted from cyclotron in 2018. The compactness of line, the large 90 degree bending magnet at the end of the gantry, and the degrader is usually causing some problems in this field. We have performed simulations of all the beam line of the SC200 cyclotron and specified the main parameters of the line, such as the emittance after degrader and collimator and the maximum gradient of quadrupole magnet field. On the medical request, we defined the proton channel and several beam lines to special therapy demands. In addition, we maintain mathematical tools for simulations of beam line, degrader, collimator and scanning magnet.
 
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THC01 KURRI FFAG's Future Project as ADSR Proton Driver 366
 
  • Y. Ishi, Y. Kuriyama, Y. Mori, M. Sakamoto, T. Uesugi
    Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan
 
  The accelerator complex using FFAG synchrotrons at KURRI* has been operated for the ADSR** experiments connecting the 100 MeV proton beam line with the research reactor facility so called KUCA*** since 2009. Fruitful results have been produced for the reactor physics using various configurations of the nuclear fuel core and variations of the neutron production target. Since higher energy beams such as 300 - 500 MeV are desired for the further study of the ADSR system, we are investigating the energy upgrade possibility of the accelerator complex. One of the candidates is to construct a new FFAG ring which adopts continuous acceleration with fixed frequency (serpentine acceleration) outside of the existing. These higher energy beams can be used for neutron or muon production experiments as well as ADSR study.
KURRI* Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute
ADSR** Accelerator Driven Subcritical Reactor
KUCA*** Kyoto University Critical Assembly
 
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THC02
Matched Distributions with Linear and Non-Linear Space Charge  
 
  • M. Frey, A. Adelmann
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
 
  This paper covers the topic of finding matched, i.e. stationary, distributions for coasting beams that takes into account higher order moments of the charge distribution. We present a general approach based on Lie-Algebra and Truncated-Power-Series Algebra, where the non-linear space-charge maps up to k-th order are constructed. The physical input parameters are intensity, projected emittances, and the energy. Our general approach is firstly compared and benchmarked with the well-known linear theory applied to the PSI Injector-2, the Ring Cyclotron and the IsoDAR machine. Secondly we compared the non-linear approach to PIC calculations. Open questions such as constraining the higher order moments will be discussed as well as applications beyond cyclotrons.  
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THC03 Compact Superconducting Cyclotron SC200 for Proton Therapy 371
 
  • G.A. Karamysheva, S. Gurskiy, O. Karamyshev, N.A. Morozov, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov, S.G. Shirkov, G.V. Trubnikov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • Y.F. Bi, G. Chen, Y. Chen, K.Z. Ding, H. Feng, J. Li, Y. Song, Y.H. Xie, Q. Yang, J. Zheng
    ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China
  • D.V. Popov
    JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
 
  Superconducting cyclotron SC200 will provide acceleration of protons up to 200 MeV with maximum beam current of 1 μA. We plan to manufacture in China two cyclotrons: one will operate in Hefei cyclotron medical center the other will replace Phasotron in Medico-technical Center JINR Dubna and will be used for cancer therapy by protons. Now we present results of simulation of magnetic, acceleratiion and extraction systems.  
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THD01 High Intensity and Other World Wide Developments in FFAG 374
 
  • S.L. Sheehy
    JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
 
  Here I present an overview of developments in Fixed Field Alternating Gradient accelerators, focusing on high intensity hadron accelerator designs. The talk will detail progress in studies of space charge effects and simulation, experimental characterisation of a 150 MeV proton FFAG at KURRI in Japan, experimental optimisation of FFAGs and novel FFAG developments for future applications.  
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THD02 Heat Transfer Studies of the IRANCYC-10 Magnet and its Effects on the Isochronous Magnetic Field 380
 
  • S. Sabounchi, H. Afarideh, R. Solhju, F. Zakerhosseini
    AUT, Tehran, Iran
  • M. Ghergherehchi
    SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
 
  In magnets for cyclotron, one of the prominent problems is difference between simulation and feasible operations. By considering more factors in simulation these differ-ence can be reduced. Thermal effect and heat transfer is one phenomenon which can change favourite features of the magnets. IRANCYC-10 is a compact AVF cyclotron which is in manufacturing phase at AmirKabir University of Technology. In IRANCYC-10 heat transfer studies have been done for RF cavity, RF transmission line and PIG ion source. In this paper, accurate simulation of heat transfer and magnetic field have been done. Also thermal effects on isochronous magnetic field for IRAN-CYC-10 is investigated. For heat transfer and CFD simu-lations, Ansys CFX and for magnetic simulation Opera 3D Tosca have been used. The initiate magnet ampere-turn in simulation is 45201 and water mass flow rate for magnet system is considered 53 lit/min.  
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THD03 Recirculating Electron Beam Photo-converter for Rare Isotope Production 383
 
  • A. Laxdal, R.A. Baartman, I.V. Bylinskii, F.W. Jones, T. Planche, A. Sen
    TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vancouver, Canada
  • G. Ganesh
    UW/Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
 
  Funding: TRIUMF receives federal funding via a contribution agreement through the National Research Council of Canada. ARIEL & e-linac construction are funded by BCKDF and CFI.
The TRIUMF 50 MeV electron linac has the potential to drive cw beams of up to 0.5 MW to the ARIEL photo-fission facility for rare isotope science. Due to the cooling requirements, the use of a thick Bremsstrahlung target for electron to photon conversion is a difficult technical challenge in this intensity regime. Here we present a different concept in which electrons are injected into a small storage ring where they make multiple passes through a thin internal photo-conversion target, eventually depositing their remaining energy in a central core absorber which can be independently cooled. We discuss design requirements and propose a set of design parameters for the Fixed Field Alternating Gradient (FFAG) ring. Using particle simulation models, we estimate various beam properties, and electron loss control.
 
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FRA02
The IBA S2C2: From First Unit to Industrial Product  
 
  • E. Forton, T. Colmant, S. Henrotin, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, S. Quets, P. Verbruggen, J. van de Walle
    IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
 
  While the first unit of the S2C2, IBA's synchrocyclotron dedicated to proton therapy, was being tested and validated for clinical operation, the "Research and Development" and "Manufacturing and Supply Chain" departments teamed up to industrialize the design, start the series production of the first batch and planned for a production ramp up. In this communication, we will describe how the team was gathered, how IBA interfaced with suppliers who also had to ramp up the production of critical components, what deliverables were required for the industrialization and how the engineers were trained for the testing and installation. We will also present how IBA will increase its manufacturing capability to cope with the already high demand from the market for this new accelerator.  
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FRA03 Status of the High Intensity Proton Beam Facility at LNL 394
 
  • M. Maggiore, P. Antonini, D. Benini, G. Bisoffi, E. Boratto, M. Calderolla, A. Calore, D. Campo, N. Ciatara, J. Esposito, P. Favaron, A. Lombardi, L. Pranovi, G.P. Prete, L. Sarchiapone, D. Scarpa, D. Zafiropoulos, L. de Ruvo
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
 
  In 2013 the SPES (Selective Production of Exotic Species) project has entered in the construction phase at Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL). The project, whose main goal is the research in nuclear physics with Radioactive Beams, has foreseen the construction of a new building hosting the accelerator able to deliver protons up the energy of 70 MeV and 50kW of beam power to be used as a primary beam for the ISOL source and for a production beam for other applications. The new facility design has been expanded and upgraded for taking advantage of the dual simultaneous extraction of beams from the Cyclotron in order to provide a multipurpose high intensity irradiation facility. Today the new facility is partially installed and the Cyclotron supplied by BEST Theratronics company (CANADA) with the related beam transport lines are under commissioning. The status of the commissioning of the high power accelerator and the capabilities of the facility as multipurpose high intensity proton beam laboratory will be presented.  
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