luminosity

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOP41	Emittance-Imposed Alignment and Frequency Tolerances for the TESLA Linear Collider	emittance, linac, collider, dipole	132
	N. Baboi DESY, Hamburg R.M. Jones SLAC/ARDA, Menlo Park, California
	One option in building a future 500 GeV c.m. collider is to use superconducting 1.3 GHz 9-cell cavities. Wakefields excited by the bunch train in the TESLA linac can resonantly drive the beam into unstable operation such that a BBU (Beam Break Up) mode results or at the very least significant emittance dilution occurs. The largest kick factors (proportional to the transverse fields which transversely kick the beam off axis) are found in the first three dipole bands and hence multi-bunch emittance growth is mainly determined from these bands. These higher order dipole modes are damped by carefully orientating higher order mode couplers at the downstream end of the cavities. We investigate the dilution in the emittance of a beam injected with an initial offset from the axis of the cavities. The dependence of beam emittance on systematic errors in the cell frequencies is investigated. We also vary the bunch spacing in order to simulate a systematic frequency error. While scanning the bunch spacing over a wide range, the emittance presents sharp peaks since only few modes contribute effectively to emittance growth. The locations of these peaks sets the frequency tolerances on the structures.
MOP43	The Impact of Longitudinal Drive Beam Jitter on the CLIC Luminosity	linac, feedback, simulation, lattice	138
	D. Schulte, E. J. N. Wilson, F. Zimmermann CERN, Geneva
	In the compact linear collider (CLIC) now under study at CERN, the RF power which accelerates the main beam is provided by decelerating a high current drive beam. Errors in the timing and intensity of the drive beam can turn into RF phase and amplitude errors that are coherent along the whole main linac and the resulting error of the final beam energy, in combination with the limited bandwidth of the beam delivery system, can lead to a significant loss of luminosity. We discuss the stability tolerances that must be applied to the drive beam to avoid this loss. We also examine one of the most important sources of this jitter, which stems from the combination of RF jitter in the drive beam accelerator and subsequent bunch compression. Finally we give details of a potential feedback system that can reduce the drive beam jitter.
MOP45	A Potential Signal for Luminosity Optimisation in CLIC	linac, photon, emittance, simulation	144
	D. Schulte CERN, Geneva
	Luminosity optimisation will be challenging in the compact linear collider (CLIC) studied at CERN. In particular, the signals which can be used for luminosity optimisation need to be identified. The strong beam-beam interaction in CLIC will give rise to the emission of a few megawatts of beamstrahlung; this is a potential candidate for such a signal. In this paper luminosity optimisation using the beamstrahlung is attempted for realistically shaped bunches.
TUP88	CLIC Magnet Stabilization Studies	quadrupole, linac, site, collider	483
	S. Redaelli, R.W. Assmann, W. Coosemans, G. Guignard, D. Schulte, I. Wilson, F. Zimmermann CERN, Geneva
	One of the main challenges for future linear colliders is producing and colliding high energy e+e- beams with transverse spot sizes at the collision point in the nanometre range. Preserving small emittances along several kilometres of linac requires the lattice quadrupoles to be stable to the nanometre level. Even tighter requirements are imposed on the stability of the final focus quadrupoles, which have to be stable to a fraction of the colliding beam size to reliably steer the opposing beams in collision. The Compact LInear Collider (CLIC), presently under investigation at CERN, aims at colliding e+e- beams with a vertical spot size of 0.7 nm, at a centre-of-mass energy of 3 TeV. This requires a vertical stability to the 1.3 nm level for the 2600 linac quadrupoles and to the 0.2 nm level for the two final focus quadrupoles. The CLIC Stability Study has demonstrated for the first time that CLIC prototype quadrupoles can be stabilized to the 0.5 nm level in a normal working area on the CERN site. Detailed tracking simulations show that with this level of stability, approximately 70% of the CLIC design luminosity would be achieved. This paper summarizes the work and the achievements of the CLIC Stability Study.
	Transparencies
THP37	Approaches to Beam Stabilization in X-Band Linear Colliders	feedback, linac, ground-motion, linear-collider	687
	J. Frisch, L. Hendrickson, T. Markiewicz, A. Seryi SLAC, Menlo Park, California P. Burrows, S. Molloy, G. White Queen Mary University of London, London C. Perry OXFORDphysics, Oxford, Oxon T.O. Raubenheimer, T. Thomas SLAC/NLC, Menlo Park, California
	In order to stabilize the beams at the interaction point, the X-band linear collider proposes to use a combination of techniques: inter-train and intra-train beam-beam feedback, passive vibration isolation, and active vibration stabilization based on either accelerometers or laser interferometers. These systems operate in a technologically redundant fashion: simulations indicate that if one technique proves unusable in the final machine, the others will still support adequate luminosity. Experiments underway for all of these technologies, have already demonstrated adequate performance.
THP72	A Newly Designed and Optimized CLIC Main Linac Accelerating Structure	damping, linac, dipole, vacuum	779
	A. Grudiev, W. Wuensch CERN, Geneva
	A new CLIC main-linac accelerating-structure design, HDS (Hybrid Damped Structure), with improved high-gradient performance, efficiency and simplicity of fabrication is presented. The gains are achieved in part through a new cell design which includes fully-profiled rf surfaces optimized to minimize surface fields and hybrid damping using both iris slots and radial waveguides. The slotted irises allow a simple structure fabrication in quadrants with no rf currents across joints. Further gains are achieved through a new structure optimization procedure, which simultaneously balances surface fields, power flow, short and long-range transverse wakefields, rf-to-beam efficiency and the ratio of luminosity to input power. The optimization of a 30 GHz structure with a loaded accelerating gradient of 150 MV/m results in a bunch spacing of eight rf cycles and 29% rf-to-beam efficiency. The dependencies of performance on operating frequency, accelerating gradient, and phase advance per cell are shown.