IBIC2019 - Classification: Beam position monitors

Paper	Title	Page
WEAO01	Technological Review of Beam Position Button Design and Manufacture	448
	A.F.D. Morgan DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	A workshop in May 2019, hosted by DLS (UK), reviewed both the design and the manufacturing aspects of beam position monitor (BPM) pick-up buttons with an integrated UHV feedthrough and coaxial connector. The UHV feedthrough technology (e.g. ceramic brazing vs glass-sealing), the limits on mechanical tolerances, reproducibility and material choices for high reliability were examined by more than 20 diagnostics users of these devices and a number of reputed manufacturers. Calibration techniques and tools and methods for inspection & testing were also assessed. This talk will present the outcome & conclusions of this workshop and identify challenges and opportunities for future BPM manufacture.
	Slides WEAO01 [1.824 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEAO01
About •	paper received ※ 05 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEAO02	Pile-Up Effect of Cold Button BPMs in the European XFEL Accelerator	453
	D. Lipka, B. Lorbeer DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The European XFEL facility is in operation with a maximum of 2700 bunches in one train. The highest bunch repetition rate is 4.5 MHz; this corresponds to a minimum time separation of 222 ns. The measurement of the beam properties for each bunch in a train is required. Therefore the beam position monitor (BPM) system needs to separate the signals from each bunch. All BPM types (button, re-entrant and cavity) fulfill this requirement except a few button BPMs installed inside of the cold accelerator module, where Pile-Up from the train can be observed. To identify the cause of this effect we measured the S-parameters during a shutdown of the accelerator, compared it with a similar BPM at the FLASH accelerator but located in a warm section and finally measured the spectrum of the button signal during beam operation. As a result, resonances were found at about 2.46 GHz with relatively high quality factor that remains within the frequency range accepted by the electronics.
	Slides WEAO02 [5.621 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEAO02
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEAO03	Development of Beam Position Monitor Using Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation
	K. Nanbu, H. Hama, F. Hinode, S. Kashiwagi, T. Muto Tohoku University, Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Sendai, Japan
	Recently laser-plasma accelerators (LPAs) have attracted a lot of attention and have been developed actively toward practical applications worldwide. LPAs can accelerate electrons to high energy within a very short distance. However, its beam stability is still insufficient as compared with conventional RF accelerators. In addition, beam repetition rate is very low, consequently a beam pulse has to be diagnosed simultaneously with application. Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation (ChDR), which is the radiation generated when electrons pass near the dielectric material, will offer non-destructive beam diagnostics for LPAs. A basic experimental study on ChDR for developing a novel beam position monitor has been conducted at test accelerator facility, t-ACTS, in Tohoku University. We have investigated characteristics of ChDR from a hollow radiator and an intensity distribution of ChDR with respect to the electron beam position.
	Slides WEAO03 [2.955 MB]
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEAO04	Beam Measurements at the CERN SPS Using Interferometric Electro-Optic Pickups	457
	A. Arteche, A. Bosco, S.M. Gibson Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom S.E. Bashforth, A. Bosco, S.M. Gibson JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom M. Krupa, T. Lefèvre CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Funding: Work supported by UK STFC grants ST/N001583/1, JAI at Royal Holloway University of London and CERN. Since 2016 a prototype electro-optic pickup has been installed on the SPS as part of the ongoing development of a high bandwidth electro-optic beam position monitor for the High Luminosity LHC. Following the success of initial beam signal observations with the prototype, improvements of the sensitivity and stability of the pickup have become the main focus of the project. A new concept has been developed which uses an interferometric technique to measure the image field of a passing bunch. One arm of an interferometer passes through an electro-optic lithium niobate crystal, embedded in a pickup, whereas the other arm bypasses. The recombination after the pickup results in an interference pattern that changes as a bunch passes by, due to the electro-optic response of the crystal to the image field. This technique enhances the sensitivity to the field and improves control of the working point. Results from high intensity beams at the SPS are presented. These include a comparison between two different interferometric configurations that were tested on different pickups with similar beam conditions. The stability is assessed by frequency scanning interferometry during beam operation.
	Slides WEAO04 [52.252 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEAO04
About •	paper received ※ 10 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 12 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEBO03	Development of MTCA.4-Based BPM Electronics for SPring-8 Upgrade	471
	H. Maesaka, T. Fukui RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Innovative Light Sources Division, Hyogo, Japan H. Dewa, T. Fujita, M. Masaki, C. Saji, S. Takano JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
	We have developed a new button-BPM readout electronics based on the MTCA.4 standard for the low-emittance upgrade of SPring-8 []. Requirements for the BPM system are a high single-pass BPM resolution of better than 100 µm for a 100 pC injected bunch to achieve first-turn steering in the commissioning of the upgraded ring and a highly stable COD BPM within 5 µm error for 1 month to maintain the optical axis of brilliant x-rays for users []. We designed an rf front-end rear transition module (RTM) having band-pass filters, low-noise amplifiers, step attenuators, and calibration tone generators. The rf signal is detected by a 16-bit 370 MSPS high-speed digitizer advanced mezzanine card (AMC) developed for the new low-level rf system of SPring-8 [*]. The firmware of the FPGA on the digitizer AMC was newly developed to implement various functions of the BPM system. We evaluated the readout system at a laboratory and then tested at the present SPring-8 storage ring with a prototype BPM head for the SPring-8 upgrade. We confirmed that the new readout system satisfies the requirements for the single-pass BPM resolution and the COD BPM stability. SPring-8-II Conceptual Design Report, http://rsc.riken.jp/pdf/SPring-8-II.pdf H. Maesaka et al., Proc. IBIC¿18, paper TUOC04. * T. Ohshima et al., Proc. IPAC¿17, paper THPAB117.
	Slides WEBO03 [3.340 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEBO03
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 08 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP001	Study and Characterization of SPIRAL2 BPMs	499
	V. Langlois, T. Andre, C. Jamet, G. Ledu, P. Legallois, S. Leloir, F. Lepoittevin, M. Lewitowicz, S. Loret, C. Potier de courcy GANIL, Caen, France
	The SPIRAL2 facility currently under commissioning at GANIL in France will deliver high-intensity up to 20MeV/n and 5mA light and heavy ions beams. SPIRAL2 beams are accelerated by a Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) and a LINAC fitted with 20 supraconducting cavities. A tuning of the SPIRAL2 LINAC relies mainly on Pick-up Beam Profile Monitors (BPM). 20 BPM are mounted inside the warm sections between superconducting cavities. They serve to measure a beam transverse position to center the beam, a phase to tune cavities and an ellipticity to adjust beam optics along the LINAC. The phase and ellipticity measurements require high acquisition accuracy of the BPM signals. This paper deals with an analytical study and CST code simulations of the BPM performed in order to compute correction coefficients for the ellipticity measurements. The results of calculations were compared with experimental ones obtained with two BPMs located on a ¿diagnostic plate¿ after the RFQ . Finally, the BPM acquisition chain was carefully characterized to identify its uncertainties and to ensure that it meets initial specifications.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP001
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP002	Development of a Low-beta BPM for MYRTE Project	504
	M. Ben Abdillah, P. Blache, F. Fournier, H. Kraft Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
	MYRTE (MYRRHA Research Transmutation Endeavour) performs research to support the development of the MYRRHA (Multi-Purpose Hybrid Research Reactor for High-Tech Applications) research facility, which aims to demonstrate the feasibility of high-level nuclear waste transmutation at industrial scale. MYRRHA Facility aims to accelerate 4mA proton beam up to 100 MeV. The accurate tuning of LINAC is essential for the operation of MYRRHA and requires measurement of the beam transverse position and shape , the phase of the beam with respect to the radiofrequency voltage with the help of Beam Position Monitor (BPM) system. MYRTE aims to qualify beam operation at 1.5MeV. Two BPMs were realized for MYRTE operation. This paper addresses the design, realization, and calibration of these two BPMs and their associated electronics. The characterization of the beam shape is performed by means of a test bench allowing a position mapping with a resolution of 0.02mm.
	Poster WEPP002 [1.082 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP002
About •	paper received ※ 27 August 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP003	A new button-type beam position monitor for BESSY II and BESSY VSR	508
	J.G. Hwang, V. Dürr, F. Falkenstern, M. Ries, A. Schälicke, G. Schiwietz, D. Wolk HZB, Berlin, Germany
	Funding: This work was supported by the German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Land Berlin and grants of Helmholtz Association. The future BESSY VSR system involves more than one order-of-magnitude differences in the total charge of adjacent short and long bunches within the bunch train. Thus, any signal ringing beyond a nanosecond in time will cause a misreading of beam position and current, specifically for low bunch charges. This calls for improved performance for the bunch-selective operation of the beam-position-monitor (BPM) system. We report on the corresponding design and fabrication of a new button BPM with advanced features, such as impedance matching inside the button as well as optimization of insulator material, button size, and position, for reduced crosstalk between buttons.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP003
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP004	Concept of a Beam Diagnostics System for the Multi-Turn ERL Operation at the S-DALINAC	513
	M. Dutine, M. Arnold, T. Bahlo, R. Grewe, L.E. Jürgensen, N. Pietralla, F. Schließmann, M. Steinhorst TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
	Funding: Work supported by BMBF through grant No. 05H18RDRB2 and DFG through GRK 2128. The S-DALINAC* is a thrice-recirculating linear electron accelerator operating in cw-mode at a frequency of 3 GHz. A path-length adjustment system in the second recirculation beam line allows to shift the beam phase by 360° and thus to operate in ERL mode. For the multi-turn ERL operation, the beam will be accelerated twice and subsequently decelerated twice again (not demonstrated yet). For this mode, it is necessary to develop a nondestructive beam diagnostics system in order to measure the beam position, phase and beam current of both, the accelerated and the decelerated beam, simultaneously in the same beamline. A particular challenge will be the operation at low beam currents of 100 nA, which corresponds to bunch charges of about 30 aC. The conceptional study of a 6 GHz resonant cavity beam position monitor will be presented together with alternative solutions. * N. Pietralla, Nuclear Physics News, Vol. 28, No. 2, 4 (2018)
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP004
About •	paper received ※ 03 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP005	BPM Resolution Studies at PETRA III	517
	G. Kube, J. Neugebauer, F. Schmidt-Föhre DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	In order to measure the noise level of a BPM system from beam generated orbit data, the correlated beam jitter has to be removed from the position signals. There exist different ways to extract the BPM noise, as the "three-BPM" correlation method or the model-independent principal components analysis (PCA). Both methods will shortly be reviewed. Based on a PCA, the resolution of the PETRA III Libera Brilliance based BPM system was measured. The results will be presented together with first measurements in view of an updated BPM system for the future PETRA IV project at DESY.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP005
About •	paper received ※ 02 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP006	Operational Performance of New Detection Electronics for Stripline-Type Beam Position Monitors at the SuperKEKB Injector Linac	522
	F. Miyahara, K. Furukawa, M. Satoh, Y. Seimiya, T. Suwada KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	SuperKEKB injector linac delivers four different beam modes modulated pulse by pulse at 50 Hz, which have 100-times different beam charges, and a pulse may contain two bunches only 96-ns apart. Required low-emittance beams for SuperKEKB rings would need precise beam orbit controls in order to suppress the transverse wakefield in the accelerating structures. A new detection electronics with a wide dynamic range of 40 dB with a high resolution based on a 180-MHz narrow-band detection technique for stripline-type beam position monitors (BPMs) has been developed for the SuperKEKB injector linac. While such measurement condition is challenging, a position resolution of 3 micrometer in one standard deviation was successfully achieved with beam-based tests. The self-calibration system is also installed in order to compensate gain drifts for each input channel with an accuracy down to 0.1%, by using test pulses going through stripline heads between 50-Hz beam pulses. The design concept of the new detection electronics is described in detail, as well as operational performance of synchronized measurement with 100 BPMs for injection beams to four electron/positron storage rings.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP006
About •	paper received ※ 09 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 11 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP007	Calibration for Beam Energy Position Monitor System for Riken Superconducting Acceleration Cavity	526
	T. Watanabe, M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, H. Imao, O. Kamigaito, N. Sakamoto, Y. Watanabe, K. Yamada RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan K. Hanamura, T. Kawachi Mitsubishi Electric System & Service Co., Ltd, Tsukuba, Japan A. Kamoshida National Instruments Japan Corporation, MInato-ku, Tokyo, Japan R. Koyama SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo, Japan A. Miura JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan T. Miyao, T. Toyama KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	Upgrades for the RIKEN Heavy-ion Linac (RILAC) involving a new Superconducting Linac (SRILAC) are currently underway to promote super-heavy element searches and Radio Isotope (RI) production (211At) for medical use at the RIKEN radioactive isotope beam factory (RIBF). If destructive monitors are used, since they generate outgassing, it becomes difficult to maintain the Q value and surface resistance indicating the performance of the superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities over a long period of time. Therefore it is crucially important to develop nondestructive beam measurement diagnostics. We have developed a beam energy position monitor (BEPM) system which can measure not only the beam position but also the beam energy simultaneously by measuring the time of flight of the beam. By using parabolic cut, ideal linear response of the quadrupole moments is realized, keeping a good linear position sensitivity at the same time. We fabricated 11 BEPMs and the position calibration system employing a wire method has been used to obtain the sensitivity and offset of BEPMs. We will describe details concerning the BEPM, calibration system and measured results.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP007
About •	paper received ※ 05 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP008	Design of Resonant Stripline BPM for an IR-FEL Project at NSRL
	X.Y. Liu, B.G. Sun USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China M. Bopp, M.M. Dehler, X.Y. Liu, A. Scherer PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	Funding: Work supported by the National Science Foundation of China (11575181, 21327901, 11705203); X. Y. Liu was supported by the China Scholarship Council for a 2-year study at PSI (Grant No. 201706340057). This paper presents the design of a 476MHz resonant stripline beam position monitor (BPM) for an IR-FEL machine at NSRL. This type of BPM was developed based on stripline BPM by moving the coupling feedthrough closer to the short end downstream. This modification introduces a resonance that gives this BPM a better capability to detect lower beam currents compared to broadband devices like button and stripline BPM. Meanwhile, the change is small enough to use the same type of electronics [1-3]. In the following sections, the basic principle, nonlinear effect, sensitivity, the filtered sum and difference signals, and the mechanical design of this BPM will be mainly discussed. Email address: xiaoyu.liu@psi.ch
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP010	Design and Simulation of a Cavity BPM for HUST Proton Therapy Facility	530
	J.Q. Li, Q.S. Chen, K. Tang, P. Tian HUST, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China K. Fan Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology,, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
	In proton therapy facility, non-destructive beam diagnostic devices are essential for on-line measurement during the patient treatment. To meet the clinical requirement, the beam current becomes ultra-low of the order of nano-ampere, which is a great challenge to non-destructive beam diagnostics because of the extremely low signal level. Compared with conventional non-destructive beam diagnostic devices, the cavity beam position monitor (BPM) has a high shunt impedance to get enough power levels, so a cavity BPM system is designed for HUST-PTF. It is made up of two resonant cavities called reference cavity and position cavity, respectively. Both cavities are simulated and optimized by CST Microwave Studio and Particle Studio. Finally, the electronics of cavity BPM we plan to use is shown.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP010
About •	paper received ※ 03 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 07 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP011	Calibration for 60 Sets of SCL3 BPM and Electronics in RAON
	J.W. Kwon, Y.S. Chung, G.D. Kim, H.J. Woo IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea E.-S. Kim KUS, Sejong, Republic of Korea
	RAON (Rare isotope accelerator complex for On-line experiments) is an accelerator to produce heavy ion such as uranium, oxygen, and proton. Required transverse position resolution and accuracy on RAON for BPM are 150 um and is 400 um, respectively. BPM fabrication error, ADC gain of electronics and cable characteristics are related to the resolution and the accuracy. Electronics of Mobiis measure positions with IQ method for 1st, 2nd and 3rd harmonic frequencies of 81.25 MHz. Considering the frequency dependence of BPMs and electronics, and the correlation between each BPM and electronics, we obtained calibration factors for 60 BPMs and 60 electronics for three frequency harmonic components. The merits of this way, three frequencies can be selected to measure the beam positions depending on beam energy, and the BPM and electronics can be switched to other devices. In this poster we present a calibration results for 60 sets of BPM, electronics by off-line test.
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP012	Beam Measurements Results of a BPM System Implementing the Pilot-Tone Stabilization Concept
	D. Bisiach, M. Cargnelutti, P. Leban, M. Žnidarčič I-Tech, Solkan, Slovenia G. Brajnik, R. De Monte Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
	The next generation light sources will require Beam Position Monitoring systems capable of performing high resolution measurements as well as assuring long-term measurement stability. One possible solution to stabilize the position measurements long-term drifts is using a pilot-tone signal which is transferred together with the BPM signal and measured by the BPM electronics. To investigate this solution, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste developed a pilot-tone injector which was used together with the commercial BPM readout electronics Libera Spark to validate the concept with several measurements related to the typical figures of merit of the BPM systems: position resolution, long-term drift and dependence from beam current and fill pattern. In addition, the behavior of the system was studied under different environmental conditions (changes in temperature and humidity). After the first measurements with beam at Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, the test-setup was provided also to other laboratories and the measurement results are presented in this paper.
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP013	Beam Commissioning of Beam Position and Phase Monitors for LIPAc	534
	I. Podadera, D. Gavela, A. Guirao, D. Jiménez-Rey, L.M. Martínez, J. Mollá, C. Oliver, R. Varela, V. Villamayor CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain T. Akagi, K. Kondo, Y. Shimosaki, T. Shinya, M. Sugimoto QST, Aomori, Japan L. Bellan, M. Comunian, F. Grespan, F. Scantamburlo INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy P. Cara IFMIF/EVEDA, Rokkasho, Japan Y. Carin, H. Dzitko, D. Gex, A. Jokinen, I.M. Moya F4E, Germany A. Marqueta Fusion for Energy, Garching, Germany A. Rodríguez Páramo ESS Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain
	Funding: Work partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under project AIC-A-2011-0654 and FIS2013-40860-R The LIPAc accelerator is 9-MeV, 125-mA CW deuteron accelerator that aims to validate the technology that will be used in the future IFMIF accelerator (40-MeV, 2 x 125-mA CW). LIPAc is presently under beam commissioning of the second acceleration stage (injector and Radio Frequency Quadrupole) at 5 MeV. In this stage two types of BPM¿s are used: four stripline-type to control the transverse position and phase at the Medium Energy Beam Transport line (MEBT), and three other stripline-type mainly for the precise measurements of the mean beam energy at the Diagnostics Plate. All the BPM¿s have been successfully tested and served to increase the duty cycle and the average power of the beam delivered down to the beam dump. Moreover, the BPM¿s were key devices for the transverse beam positioning and longitudinal beam tuning and validation of the RFQ and re-buncher cavities at the MEBT. In this contribution, an overview of the beam position monitors system installation and characterization in the facility will be reported. First tests of the system with the upgraded acquisition electronics for the next phase will be also presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP013
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP014	A Report on Developments of the BCM and BPM Pickups of the ESS MEBT	539
	S. Varnasseri, I. Bustinduy, A. Conde, J. Martin, A. Ortega, I. Rueda, A.Z. Zugazaga ESS Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain R.A. Baron, H. Hassanzadegan, T.J. Shea ESS, Lund, Sweden
	In the framework of the Spanish In-Kind Contribution (IKC) to the construction of the European Spallation Source (ESS-ERIC), ESS-Bilbao is in charge of providing some key systems for the accelerator. In this paper, design and pre-delivery measurements of non-interceptive devices of MEBT (e.g Beam Position Monitor pick-ups, shielded ACCT and FCT) are reported. Overall there are 8 BPMs distributed in MEBT, which 7 of them are used for the beam position and phase measurements and one BPM is used for the fast timing characterization. The latter is used mainly to characterize the partially chopped bunches and rise/fall time of the Beam Chopper. Furthermore there are two ACCTs, one just attached to the beam dump and the other at the last raft of the MEBT. One FCT combined with the second ACCT gives the complementary information on the fast timing characteristics of the beam pulses.
	Poster WEPP014 [1.291 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP014
About •	paper received ※ 02 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP015	ESS Beam Position and Phase Monitor System	543
	R.A. Baron, H. Hassanzadegan, A. Jansson, H. Kocevar, K.E. Rosengren, T.J. Shea ESS, Lund, Sweden I. Bustinduy, S. Varnasseri ESS Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain F. Grespan, M. Poggi INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy T. Gräber DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany D. Lipka, S. Vilcins DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a neutron facility under construction in Lund, Sweden, and established as an European collaboration between different member countries. The machine is a 2 GeV proton LINAC with a nominal beam current of 62.5 mA, 2.86 ms of pulse length and a bunch repetition rate of 352 MHz. The Beam Position and Phase Monitors (BPM) at ESS were designed to satisfy the specifications for the different beam modes, which span from 5 µs pulse length and 6.3 mA beam until the nominal beam condition. The system is designed for standard beam position measurements for beam trajectory correction and for beam phase measurements for cavity phase tuning, imposing restrictions on the sensor design and electronics architecture. Approximately a hundred BPM’s were manufactured and are being installed by partners in collaboration with ESS. The BPM system comprises a MicroTCA.4 electronics based in COTS AMC and RTM modules with custom FPGA firmware implementation and a custom Front-End electronics. In this work, the system architecture, implementation, performance, and test results are presented and discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP015
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP016	Real-Time Synchronized Calibration and Computing System with EPICS Based Distributed Controls in the TPS XBPM System	548
	J.-Y. Chuang, C.K. Chan, C.-C. Chang, C.M. Cheng, Y.T. Cheng, Y.M. Hsiao, Y.Z. Lin, Y.-C. Liu, C. Shueh, Y.C. Yang NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	In synchrotron facilities, X-ray beam position monitor (XBPM) is an important detector for photon beam position monitoring and must be calibrated to ensure reliability and precision. However, light source operating conditions, such as beam orbit, injection and insertion device parameters, etc., can influence the sensitivity and specific weighting of photoemission current from the XBPM diamond blades. In the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS), Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) was utilized to implant an automatic calibration process. By using EPICS, we can ensure a seamless integration between the different front ends (FEs) and direct all data stream into a centralized server, creating a distributed XBPM calibration system. The XBPM performance indicators are analyzed to evaluate the validity of calibration parameters by input/ output controller (IOC) in each FE computing system. This paper will discuss the benefits of implanting this distributed control system into a working environment such as the TPS. XBPM, TPS, Front end, Distributed XBPM calibration system
	Poster WEPP016 [0.843 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP016
About •	paper received ※ 01 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 08 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP017	Current Monitor and Beam Position Monitor Performance for High Charge Operation of the Advanced Photon Source Particle Accumulator Ring	552
	A.R. Brill, J.R. Calvey, K.C. Harkay, R.T. Keane, N. Sereno, U. Wienands, K.P. Wootton, C. Yao ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. A design choice for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade to inject into the storage ring using bunch swap out rather than off-axis accumulation means that the Advanced Photon Source injectors are required to accelerate much higher electron bunch charge than originally designed. In the present work, we outline upgrades to the current monitor and beam position monitor diagnostics for the Particle Accumulator Ring to accommodate bunch charges of 1-20 nC. Through experiments, we compare and characterize the system responses over the range of bunch charge.
	Poster WEPP017 [3.163 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP017
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 08 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP044	Beam Position Monitoring System for Fermilab’s Muon Campus	648
	N. Patel, J.S. Diamond, N. Eddy, C.R. McClure, P.S. Prieto, D.C. Voy Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	A Beam Position Monitor (BPM) system has been designed for Fermilab Muon Campus. The BPM system measures Turn-by-Turn orbits as well as Closed Orbits (average of multiple turns). While in the early commissioning phase of this program, preliminary measurements have been made using these BPMs. This paper discusses the design and implementation of these BPMs.
	Poster WEPP044 [0.612 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP044
About •	paper received ※ 09 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 12 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP045	Development of an Automated BPM Test Bench	651
	M. Schwarz, H. Podlech IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany H. Höltermann, B. Koubek, U. Ratzinger, W. Schweizer, D. Strehl, C. Trageser BEVATECH, Frankfurt, Germany
	The Institute for Applied Physics (IAP) of Goethe University Frankfurt has a long history in developing DTL-cavities and further essential components of particle accelerators from design and simulation up to tuning and final testing. In recent times, the development of beam diagnostic components for the hadron accelerator projects has become increasingly important. Bevatech is designing and setting up linear accelerators, RF and vacuum technology for research laboratories and enterprises worldwide. In a joint effort a simple, efficient and mobile beam position monitor (BPM) test bench has been developed and will be further improved for future tests and the calibration of beam position monitors. It is fully automated using single-board computers and microcontrollers to obtain the essential calibration data like electrical offset, button sensitivity and the 2D response map. In addition, initial tests with the implementation and evaluation of the Libera signal processing units Single Pass H and Spark were promising.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP045
About •	paper received ※ 03 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP046	Technology and First Beam Tests of the New CERN-SPS Beam Position System	655
	M. Wendt, M. Barros Marin, A. Boccardi, T.B. Bogey, I. Degl’Innocenti, A. Topaloudis CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	The CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) uses 215 beam position monitors (BPMs) to observe the beam orbit when accelerating protons or ions on a fast ramp cycle to beam energies of up to 450 GeV/c. In the frame of the CERN LHC Injector Upgrade (LIU) initiative the aged, and diffi- cult to maintain homodyne-receiver based BPM read-out system is currently being upgraded with A Logarithmic Po- sition System ¿ ALPS. As the name indicates, this new BPM electronics builds upon the experience at CERN with using logarithmic detector amplifiers for beam position processing, and is well suited to cover the large range of beam intensities accelerated in the SPS. The system will use radiation toler- ant electronics located in close proximity to the split-plane or stripline beam position monitor with GB/s optical data transmission to the processing electronics located on the surface. Technical details of the analog and digital signal processing, the data transmission using optical fibers, cal- ibration and testing, as well as first beam tests on a set of ALPS prototypes are presented in this paper.
	Poster WEPP046 [16.711 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP046
About •	paper received ※ 06 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THAO02	Towards Full Silicon 4H-SiC Based X-Ray Beam Monitoring	665
	M. Camarda, M. Birri, M. Carulla, D. Grolimund, B. Meyer, C. Pradervand PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland U. Grossner, S.M. Nida, A. Tsibizov, T. Ziemann ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
	In this work, we present extensive theoretical and experimental results of novel Silicon Carbide x-ray sensors for beam position monitoring (XBPM). Until recently, diamond, was considered the material-of-choice for continuous monitoring of hard (>6keV) x-ray beams at synchrotron light sources. Diamond XBPM are now commercially available as single crystal* and polycrystalline sensors. However, in a recently published paper, we have shown that Silicon Carbide is superior to both diamond crystal types in several critical aspects. Specifically, we found superior electrical characteristics (sensor dynamics, signal uniformity, signal strength) and superior optical properties (full device transparency, device active area, signal strength) when compared to commercial polycrystalline and single crystal diamond, respectively. We also succeeded in the ¿industrialization¿ of the SiC fabrication process, allowing for the simultaneous realization of several (>40) sensors in up to 4¿ SiC wafers, with high yields. More recently we have also analyzed the fluorescence of SiC sensors as compared to YAG ones, finding that SiC can also be used for hybrid position/shape monitoring schema. CIVIDEC. AT, SYDORTECHNOLOGIES. COM DECTRIS. COM * S. Nida, et. al. Silicon carbide X-ray beam position monitors for synchrotron applications J. Synchrotron Rad. 26, 28-35 (2019)
	Slides THAO02 [9.963 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-THAO02
About •	paper received ※ 11 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 11 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

Technological Review of Beam Position Button Design and Manufacture

448

A.F.D. Morgan
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

A workshop in May 2019, hosted by DLS (UK), reviewed both the design and the manufacturing aspects of beam position monitor (BPM) pick-up buttons with an integrated UHV feedthrough and coaxial connector. The UHV feedthrough technology (e.g. ceramic brazing vs glass-sealing), the limits on mechanical tolerances, reproducibility and material choices for high reliability were examined by more than 20 diagnostics users of these devices and a number of reputed manufacturers. Calibration techniques and tools and methods for inspection & testing were also assessed. This talk will present the outcome & conclusions of this workshop and identify challenges and opportunities for future BPM manufacture.

Slides WEAO01 [1.824 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEAO01

About •

paper received ※ 05 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEAO02

Pile-Up Effect of Cold Button BPMs in the European XFEL Accelerator

453

D. Lipka, B. Lorbeer
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The European XFEL facility is in operation with a maximum of 2700 bunches in one train. The highest bunch repetition rate is 4.5 MHz; this corresponds to a minimum time separation of 222 ns. The measurement of the beam properties for each bunch in a train is required. Therefore the beam position monitor (BPM) system needs to separate the signals from each bunch. All BPM types (button, re-entrant and cavity) fulfill this requirement except a few button BPMs installed inside of the cold accelerator module, where Pile-Up from the train can be observed. To identify the cause of this effect we measured the S-parameters during a shutdown of the accelerator, compared it with a similar BPM at the FLASH accelerator but located in a warm section and finally measured the spectrum of the button signal during beam operation. As a result, resonances were found at about 2.46 GHz with relatively high quality factor that remains within the frequency range accepted by the electronics.

Slides WEAO02 [5.621 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEAO02

About •

paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEAO03

Development of Beam Position Monitor Using Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation

K. Nanbu, H. Hama, F. Hinode, S. Kashiwagi, T. Muto
Tohoku University, Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Sendai, Japan

Recently laser-plasma accelerators (LPAs) have attracted a lot of attention and have been developed actively toward practical applications worldwide. LPAs can accelerate electrons to high energy within a very short distance. However, its beam stability is still insufficient as compared with conventional RF accelerators. In addition, beam repetition rate is very low, consequently a beam pulse has to be diagnosed simultaneously with application. Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation (ChDR), which is the radiation generated when electrons pass near the dielectric material, will offer non-destructive beam diagnostics for LPAs. A basic experimental study on ChDR for developing a novel beam position monitor has been conducted at test accelerator facility, t-ACTS, in Tohoku University. We have investigated characteristics of ChDR from a hollow radiator and an intensity distribution of ChDR with respect to the electron beam position.

Slides WEAO03 [2.955 MB]

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEAO04

Beam Measurements at the CERN SPS Using Interferometric Electro-Optic Pickups

457

A. Arteche, A. Bosco, S.M. Gibson
Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
S.E. Bashforth, A. Bosco, S.M. Gibson
JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
M. Krupa, T. Lefèvre
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: Work supported by UK STFC grants ST/N001583/1, JAI at Royal Holloway University of London and CERN.
Since 2016 a prototype electro-optic pickup has been installed on the SPS as part of the ongoing development of a high bandwidth electro-optic beam position monitor for the High Luminosity LHC. Following the success of initial beam signal observations with the prototype, improvements of the sensitivity and stability of the pickup have become the main focus of the project. A new concept has been developed which uses an interferometric technique to measure the image field of a passing bunch. One arm of an interferometer passes through an electro-optic lithium niobate crystal, embedded in a pickup, whereas the other arm bypasses. The recombination after the pickup results in an interference pattern that changes as a bunch passes by, due to the electro-optic response of the crystal to the image field. This technique enhances the sensitivity to the field and improves control of the working point. Results from high intensity beams at the SPS are presented. These include a comparison between two different interferometric configurations that were tested on different pickups with similar beam conditions. The stability is assessed by frequency scanning interferometry during beam operation.

Slides WEAO04 [52.252 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEAO04

About •

paper received ※ 10 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 12 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEBO03

Development of MTCA.4-Based BPM Electronics for SPring-8 Upgrade

471

H. Maesaka, T. Fukui
RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Innovative Light Sources Division, Hyogo, Japan
H. Dewa, T. Fujita, M. Masaki, C. Saji, S. Takano
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan

We have developed a new button-BPM readout electronics based on the MTCA.4 standard for the low-emittance upgrade of SPring-8 [*]. Requirements for the BPM system are a high single-pass BPM resolution of better than 100 µm for a 100 pC injected bunch to achieve first-turn steering in the commissioning of the upgraded ring and a highly stable COD BPM within 5 µm error for 1 month to maintain the optical axis of brilliant x-rays for users [**]. We designed an rf front-end rear transition module (RTM) having band-pass filters, low-noise amplifiers, step attenuators, and calibration tone generators. The rf signal is detected by a 16-bit 370 MSPS high-speed digitizer advanced mezzanine card (AMC) developed for the new low-level rf system of SPring-8 [***]. The firmware of the FPGA on the digitizer AMC was newly developed to implement various functions of the BPM system. We evaluated the readout system at a laboratory and then tested at the present SPring-8 storage ring with a prototype BPM head for the SPring-8 upgrade. We confirmed that the new readout system satisfies the requirements for the single-pass BPM resolution and the COD BPM stability.
* SPring-8-II Conceptual Design Report, http://rsc.riken.jp/pdf/SPring-8-II.pdf
** H. Maesaka et al., Proc. IBIC¿18, paper TUOC04.
*** T. Ohshima et al., Proc. IPAC¿17, paper THPAB117.

Slides WEBO03 [3.340 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEBO03

About •

paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 08 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP001

Study and Characterization of SPIRAL2 BPMs

499

V. Langlois, T. Andre, C. Jamet, G. Ledu, P. Legallois, S. Leloir, F. Lepoittevin, M. Lewitowicz, S. Loret, C. Potier de courcy
GANIL, Caen, France

The SPIRAL2 facility currently under commissioning at GANIL in France will deliver high-intensity up to 20MeV/n and 5mA light and heavy ions beams. SPIRAL2 beams are accelerated by a Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) and a LINAC fitted with 20 supraconducting cavities. A tuning of the SPIRAL2 LINAC relies mainly on Pick-up Beam Profile Monitors (BPM). 20 BPM are mounted inside the warm sections between superconducting cavities. They serve to measure a beam transverse position to center the beam, a phase to tune cavities and an ellipticity to adjust beam optics along the LINAC. The phase and ellipticity measurements require high acquisition accuracy of the BPM signals. This paper deals with an analytical study and CST code simulations of the BPM performed in order to compute correction coefficients for the ellipticity measurements. The results of calculations were compared with experimental ones obtained with two BPMs located on a ¿diagnostic plate¿ after the RFQ . Finally, the BPM acquisition chain was carefully characterized to identify its uncertainties and to ensure that it meets initial specifications.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP001

About •

paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP002

Development of a Low-beta BPM for MYRTE Project

504

M. Ben Abdillah, P. Blache, F. Fournier, H. Kraft
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France

MYRTE (MYRRHA Research Transmutation Endeavour) performs research to support the development of the MYRRHA (Multi-Purpose Hybrid Research Reactor for High-Tech Applications) research facility, which aims to demonstrate the feasibility of high-level nuclear waste transmutation at industrial scale. MYRRHA Facility aims to accelerate 4mA proton beam up to 100 MeV. The accurate tuning of LINAC is essential for the operation of MYRRHA and requires measurement of the beam transverse position and shape , the phase of the beam with respect to the radiofrequency voltage with the help of Beam Position Monitor (BPM) system. MYRTE aims to qualify beam operation at 1.5MeV. Two BPMs were realized for MYRTE operation. This paper addresses the design, realization, and calibration of these two BPMs and their associated electronics. The characterization of the beam shape is performed by means of a test bench allowing a position mapping with a resolution of 0.02mm.

Poster WEPP002 [1.082 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP002

About •

paper received ※ 27 August 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP003

A new button-type beam position monitor for BESSY II and BESSY VSR

508

J.G. Hwang, V. Dürr, F. Falkenstern, M. Ries, A. Schälicke, G. Schiwietz, D. Wolk
HZB, Berlin, Germany

Funding: This work was supported by the German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Land Berlin and grants of Helmholtz Association.
The future BESSY VSR system involves more than one order-of-magnitude differences in the total charge of adjacent short and long bunches within the bunch train. Thus, any signal ringing beyond a nanosecond in time will cause a misreading of beam position and current, specifically for low bunch charges. This calls for improved performance for the bunch-selective operation of the beam-position-monitor (BPM) system. We report on the corresponding design and fabrication of a new button BPM with advanced features, such as impedance matching inside the button as well as optimization of insulator material, button size, and position, for reduced crosstalk between buttons.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP003

About •

paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP004

Concept of a Beam Diagnostics System for the Multi-Turn ERL Operation at the S-DALINAC

513

M. Dutine, M. Arnold, T. Bahlo, R. Grewe, L.E. Jürgensen, N. Pietralla, F. Schließmann, M. Steinhorst
TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

Funding: Work supported by BMBF through grant No. 05H18RDRB2 and DFG through GRK 2128.
The S-DALINAC* is a thrice-recirculating linear electron accelerator operating in cw-mode at a frequency of 3 GHz. A path-length adjustment system in the second recirculation beam line allows to shift the beam phase by 360° and thus to operate in ERL mode. For the multi-turn ERL operation, the beam will be accelerated twice and subsequently decelerated twice again (not demonstrated yet). For this mode, it is necessary to develop a nondestructive beam diagnostics system in order to measure the beam position, phase and beam current of both, the accelerated and the decelerated beam, simultaneously in the same beamline. A particular challenge will be the operation at low beam currents of 100 nA, which corresponds to bunch charges of about 30 aC. The conceptional study of a 6 GHz resonant cavity beam position monitor will be presented together with alternative solutions.
* N. Pietralla, Nuclear Physics News, Vol. 28, No. 2, 4 (2018)

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP004

About •

paper received ※ 03 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP005

BPM Resolution Studies at PETRA III

517

G. Kube, J. Neugebauer, F. Schmidt-Föhre
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

In order to measure the noise level of a BPM system from beam generated orbit data, the correlated beam jitter has to be removed from the position signals. There exist different ways to extract the BPM noise, as the "three-BPM" correlation method or the model-independent principal components analysis (PCA). Both methods will shortly be reviewed. Based on a PCA, the resolution of the PETRA III Libera Brilliance based BPM system was measured. The results will be presented together with first measurements in view of an updated BPM system for the future PETRA IV project at DESY.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP005

About •

paper received ※ 02 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP006

Operational Performance of New Detection Electronics for Stripline-Type Beam Position Monitors at the SuperKEKB Injector Linac

522

F. Miyahara, K. Furukawa, M. Satoh, Y. Seimiya, T. Suwada
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

SuperKEKB injector linac delivers four different beam modes modulated pulse by pulse at 50 Hz, which have 100-times different beam charges, and a pulse may contain two bunches only 96-ns apart. Required low-emittance beams for SuperKEKB rings would need precise beam orbit controls in order to suppress the transverse wakefield in the accelerating structures. A new detection electronics with a wide dynamic range of 40 dB with a high resolution based on a 180-MHz narrow-band detection technique for stripline-type beam position monitors (BPMs) has been developed for the SuperKEKB injector linac. While such measurement condition is challenging, a position resolution of 3 micrometer in one standard deviation was successfully achieved with beam-based tests. The self-calibration system is also installed in order to compensate gain drifts for each input channel with an accuracy down to 0.1%, by using test pulses going through stripline heads between 50-Hz beam pulses. The design concept of the new detection electronics is described in detail, as well as operational performance of synchronized measurement with 100 BPMs for injection beams to four electron/positron storage rings.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP006

About •

paper received ※ 09 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 11 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP007

Calibration for Beam Energy Position Monitor System for Riken Superconducting Acceleration Cavity

526

T. Watanabe, M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, H. Imao, O. Kamigaito, N. Sakamoto, Y. Watanabe, K. Yamada
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
K. Hanamura, T. Kawachi
Mitsubishi Electric System & Service Co., Ltd, Tsukuba, Japan
A. Kamoshida
National Instruments Japan Corporation, MInato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
R. Koyama
SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
A. Miura
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
T. Miyao, T. Toyama
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

Upgrades for the RIKEN Heavy-ion Linac (RILAC) involving a new Superconducting Linac (SRILAC) are currently underway to promote super-heavy element searches and Radio Isotope (RI) production (211At) for medical use at the RIKEN radioactive isotope beam factory (RIBF). If destructive monitors are used, since they generate outgassing, it becomes difficult to maintain the Q value and surface resistance indicating the performance of the superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities over a long period of time. Therefore it is crucially important to develop nondestructive beam measurement diagnostics. We have developed a beam energy position monitor (BEPM) system which can measure not only the beam position but also the beam energy simultaneously by measuring the time of flight of the beam. By using parabolic cut, ideal linear response of the quadrupole moments is realized, keeping a good linear position sensitivity at the same time. We fabricated 11 BEPMs and the position calibration system employing a wire method has been used to obtain the sensitivity and offset of BEPMs. We will describe details concerning the BEPM, calibration system and measured results.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP007

About •

paper received ※ 05 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP008

Design of Resonant Stripline BPM for an IR-FEL Project at NSRL

X.Y. Liu, B.G. Sun
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
M. Bopp, M.M. Dehler, X.Y. Liu, A. Scherer
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

Funding: Work supported by the National Science Foundation of China (11575181, 21327901, 11705203); X. Y. Liu was supported by the China Scholarship Council for a 2-year study at PSI (Grant No. 201706340057).
This paper presents the design of a 476MHz resonant stripline beam position monitor (BPM) for an IR-FEL machine at NSRL. This type of BPM was developed based on stripline BPM by moving the coupling feedthrough closer to the short end downstream. This modification introduces a resonance that gives this BPM a better capability to detect lower beam currents compared to broadband devices like button and stripline BPM. Meanwhile, the change is small enough to use the same type of electronics [1-3]. In the following sections, the basic principle, nonlinear effect, sensitivity, the filtered sum and difference signals, and the mechanical design of this BPM will be mainly discussed.
Email address: xiaoyu.liu@psi.ch

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP010

Design and Simulation of a Cavity BPM for HUST Proton Therapy Facility

530

J.Q. Li, Q.S. Chen, K. Tang, P. Tian
HUST, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
K. Fan
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology,, Hubei, People’s Republic of China

In proton therapy facility, non-destructive beam diagnostic devices are essential for on-line measurement during the patient treatment. To meet the clinical requirement, the beam current becomes ultra-low of the order of nano-ampere, which is a great challenge to non-destructive beam diagnostics because of the extremely low signal level. Compared with conventional non-destructive beam diagnostic devices, the cavity beam position monitor (BPM) has a high shunt impedance to get enough power levels, so a cavity BPM system is designed for HUST-PTF. It is made up of two resonant cavities called reference cavity and position cavity, respectively. Both cavities are simulated and optimized by CST Microwave Studio and Particle Studio. Finally, the electronics of cavity BPM we plan to use is shown.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP010

About •

paper received ※ 03 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 07 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP011

Calibration for 60 Sets of SCL3 BPM and Electronics in RAON

J.W. Kwon, Y.S. Chung, G.D. Kim, H.J. Woo
IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
E.-S. Kim
KUS, Sejong, Republic of Korea

RAON (Rare isotope accelerator complex for On-line experiments) is an accelerator to produce heavy ion such as uranium, oxygen, and proton. Required transverse position resolution and accuracy on RAON for BPM are 150 um and is 400 um, respectively. BPM fabrication error, ADC gain of electronics and cable characteristics are related to the resolution and the accuracy. Electronics of Mobiis measure positions with IQ method for 1st, 2nd and 3rd harmonic frequencies of 81.25 MHz. Considering the frequency dependence of BPMs and electronics, and the correlation between each BPM and electronics, we obtained calibration factors for 60 BPMs and 60 electronics for three frequency harmonic components. The merits of this way, three frequencies can be selected to measure the beam positions depending on beam energy, and the BPM and electronics can be switched to other devices. In this poster we present a calibration results for 60 sets of BPM, electronics by off-line test.

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP012

Beam Measurements Results of a BPM System Implementing the Pilot-Tone Stabilization Concept

D. Bisiach, M. Cargnelutti, P. Leban, M. Žnidarčič
I-Tech, Solkan, Slovenia
G. Brajnik, R. De Monte
Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy

The next generation light sources will require Beam Position Monitoring systems capable of performing high resolution measurements as well as assuring long-term measurement stability. One possible solution to stabilize the position measurements long-term drifts is using a pilot-tone signal which is transferred together with the BPM signal and measured by the BPM electronics. To investigate this solution, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste developed a pilot-tone injector which was used together with the commercial BPM readout electronics Libera Spark to validate the concept with several measurements related to the typical figures of merit of the BPM systems: position resolution, long-term drift and dependence from beam current and fill pattern. In addition, the behavior of the system was studied under different environmental conditions (changes in temperature and humidity). After the first measurements with beam at Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, the test-setup was provided also to other laboratories and the measurement results are presented in this paper.

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP013

Beam Commissioning of Beam Position and Phase Monitors for LIPAc

534

I. Podadera, D. Gavela, A. Guirao, D. Jiménez-Rey, L.M. Martínez, J. Mollá, C. Oliver, R. Varela, V. Villamayor
CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
T. Akagi, K. Kondo, Y. Shimosaki, T. Shinya, M. Sugimoto
QST, Aomori, Japan
L. Bellan, M. Comunian, F. Grespan, F. Scantamburlo
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
P. Cara
IFMIF/EVEDA, Rokkasho, Japan
Y. Carin, H. Dzitko, D. Gex, A. Jokinen, I.M. Moya
F4E, Germany
A. Marqueta
Fusion for Energy, Garching, Germany
A. Rodríguez Páramo
ESS Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain

Funding: Work partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under project AIC-A-2011-0654 and FIS2013-40860-R
The LIPAc accelerator is 9-MeV, 125-mA CW deuteron accelerator that aims to validate the technology that will be used in the future IFMIF accelerator (40-MeV, 2 x 125-mA CW). LIPAc is presently under beam commissioning of the second acceleration stage (injector and Radio Frequency Quadrupole) at 5 MeV. In this stage two types of BPM¿s are used: four stripline-type to control the transverse position and phase at the Medium Energy Beam Transport line (MEBT), and three other stripline-type mainly for the precise measurements of the mean beam energy at the Diagnostics Plate. All the BPM¿s have been successfully tested and served to increase the duty cycle and the average power of the beam delivered down to the beam dump. Moreover, the BPM¿s were key devices for the transverse beam positioning and longitudinal beam tuning and validation of the RFQ and re-buncher cavities at the MEBT. In this contribution, an overview of the beam position monitors system installation and characterization in the facility will be reported. First tests of the system with the upgraded acquisition electronics for the next phase will be also presented.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP013

About •

paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP014

A Report on Developments of the BCM and BPM Pickups of the ESS MEBT

539

S. Varnasseri, I. Bustinduy, A. Conde, J. Martin, A. Ortega, I. Rueda, A.Z. Zugazaga
ESS Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain
R.A. Baron, H. Hassanzadegan, T.J. Shea
ESS, Lund, Sweden

In the framework of the Spanish In-Kind Contribution (IKC) to the construction of the European Spallation Source (ESS-ERIC), ESS-Bilbao is in charge of providing some key systems for the accelerator. In this paper, design and pre-delivery measurements of non-interceptive devices of MEBT (e.g Beam Position Monitor pick-ups, shielded ACCT and FCT) are reported. Overall there are 8 BPMs distributed in MEBT, which 7 of them are used for the beam position and phase measurements and one BPM is used for the fast timing characterization. The latter is used mainly to characterize the partially chopped bunches and rise/fall time of the Beam Chopper. Furthermore there are two ACCTs, one just attached to the beam dump and the other at the last raft of the MEBT. One FCT combined with the second ACCT gives the complementary information on the fast timing characteristics of the beam pulses.

Poster WEPP014 [1.291 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP014

About •

paper received ※ 02 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP015

ESS Beam Position and Phase Monitor System

543

R.A. Baron, H. Hassanzadegan, A. Jansson, H. Kocevar, K.E. Rosengren, T.J. Shea
ESS, Lund, Sweden
I. Bustinduy, S. Varnasseri
ESS Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain
F. Grespan, M. Poggi
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
T. Gräber
DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany
D. Lipka, S. Vilcins
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a neutron facility under construction in Lund, Sweden, and established as an European collaboration between different member countries. The machine is a 2 GeV proton LINAC with a nominal beam current of 62.5 mA, 2.86 ms of pulse length and a bunch repetition rate of 352 MHz. The Beam Position and Phase Monitors (BPM) at ESS were designed to satisfy the specifications for the different beam modes, which span from 5 µs pulse length and 6.3 mA beam until the nominal beam condition. The system is designed for standard beam position measurements for beam trajectory correction and for beam phase measurements for cavity phase tuning, imposing restrictions on the sensor design and electronics architecture. Approximately a hundred BPM’s were manufactured and are being installed by partners in collaboration with ESS. The BPM system comprises a MicroTCA.4 electronics based in COTS AMC and RTM modules with custom FPGA firmware implementation and a custom Front-End electronics. In this work, the system architecture, implementation, performance, and test results are presented and discussed.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP015

About •

paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP016

Real-Time Synchronized Calibration and Computing System with EPICS Based Distributed Controls in the TPS XBPM System

548

J.-Y. Chuang, C.K. Chan, C.-C. Chang, C.M. Cheng, Y.T. Cheng, Y.M. Hsiao, Y.Z. Lin, Y.-C. Liu, C. Shueh, Y.C. Yang
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

In synchrotron facilities, X-ray beam position monitor (XBPM) is an important detector for photon beam position monitoring and must be calibrated to ensure reliability and precision. However, light source operating conditions, such as beam orbit, injection and insertion device parameters, etc., can influence the sensitivity and specific weighting of photoemission current from the XBPM diamond blades. In the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS), Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) was utilized to implant an automatic calibration process. By using EPICS, we can ensure a seamless integration between the different front ends (FEs) and direct all data stream into a centralized server, creating a distributed XBPM calibration system. The XBPM performance indicators are analyzed to evaluate the validity of calibration parameters by input/ output controller (IOC) in each FE computing system. This paper will discuss the benefits of implanting this distributed control system into a working environment such as the TPS.
XBPM, TPS, Front end, Distributed XBPM calibration system

Poster WEPP016 [0.843 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP016

About •

paper received ※ 01 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 08 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP017

Current Monitor and Beam Position Monitor Performance for High Charge Operation of the Advanced Photon Source Particle Accumulator Ring

552

A.R. Brill, J.R. Calvey, K.C. Harkay, R.T. Keane, N. Sereno, U. Wienands, K.P. Wootton, C. Yao
ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
A design choice for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade to inject into the storage ring using bunch swap out rather than off-axis accumulation means that the Advanced Photon Source injectors are required to accelerate much higher electron bunch charge than originally designed. In the present work, we outline upgrades to the current monitor and beam position monitor diagnostics for the Particle Accumulator Ring to accommodate bunch charges of 1-20 nC. Through experiments, we compare and characterize the system responses over the range of bunch charge.

Poster WEPP017 [3.163 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP017

About •

paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 08 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP044

Beam Position Monitoring System for Fermilab’s Muon Campus

648

N. Patel, J.S. Diamond, N. Eddy, C.R. McClure, P.S. Prieto, D.C. Voy
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

A Beam Position Monitor (BPM) system has been designed for Fermilab Muon Campus. The BPM system measures Turn-by-Turn orbits as well as Closed Orbits (average of multiple turns). While in the early commissioning phase of this program, preliminary measurements have been made using these BPMs. This paper discusses the design and implementation of these BPMs.

Poster WEPP044 [0.612 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP044

About •

paper received ※ 09 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 12 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP045

Development of an Automated BPM Test Bench

651

M. Schwarz, H. Podlech
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
H. Höltermann, B. Koubek, U. Ratzinger, W. Schweizer, D. Strehl, C. Trageser
BEVATECH, Frankfurt, Germany

The Institute for Applied Physics (IAP) of Goethe University Frankfurt has a long history in developing DTL-cavities and further essential components of particle accelerators from design and simulation up to tuning and final testing. In recent times, the development of beam diagnostic components for the hadron accelerator projects has become increasingly important. Bevatech is designing and setting up linear accelerators, RF and vacuum technology for research laboratories and enterprises worldwide. In a joint effort a simple, efficient and mobile beam position monitor (BPM) test bench has been developed and will be further improved for future tests and the calibration of beam position monitors. It is fully automated using single-board computers and microcontrollers to obtain the essential calibration data like electrical offset, button sensitivity and the 2D response map. In addition, initial tests with the implementation and evaluation of the Libera signal processing units Single Pass H and Spark were promising.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP045

About •

paper received ※ 03 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPP046

Technology and First Beam Tests of the New CERN-SPS Beam Position System

655

M. Wendt, M. Barros Marin, A. Boccardi, T.B. Bogey, I. Degl’Innocenti, A. Topaloudis
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

The CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) uses 215 beam position monitors (BPMs) to observe the beam orbit when accelerating protons or ions on a fast ramp cycle to beam energies of up to 450 GeV/c. In the frame of the CERN LHC Injector Upgrade (LIU) initiative the aged, and diffi- cult to maintain homodyne-receiver based BPM read-out system is currently being upgraded with A Logarithmic Po- sition System ¿ ALPS. As the name indicates, this new BPM electronics builds upon the experience at CERN with using logarithmic detector amplifiers for beam position processing, and is well suited to cover the large range of beam intensities accelerated in the SPS. The system will use radiation toler- ant electronics located in close proximity to the split-plane or stripline beam position monitor with GB/s optical data transmission to the processing electronics located on the surface. Technical details of the analog and digital signal processing, the data transmission using optical fibers, cal- ibration and testing, as well as first beam tests on a set of ALPS prototypes are presented in this paper.

Poster WEPP046 [16.711 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP046

About •

paper received ※ 06 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THAO02

Towards Full Silicon 4H-SiC Based X-Ray Beam Monitoring

665

M. Camarda, M. Birri, M. Carulla, D. Grolimund, B. Meyer, C. Pradervand
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
U. Grossner, S.M. Nida, A. Tsibizov, T. Ziemann
ETH, Zurich, Switzerland

In this work, we present extensive theoretical and experimental results of novel Silicon Carbide x-ray sensors for beam position monitoring (XBPM). Until recently, diamond, was considered the material-of-choice for continuous monitoring of hard (>6keV) x-ray beams at synchrotron light sources. Diamond XBPM are now commercially available as single crystal* and polycrystalline** sensors. However, in a recently published paper***, we have shown that Silicon Carbide is superior to both diamond crystal types in several critical aspects. Specifically, we found superior electrical characteristics (sensor dynamics, signal uniformity, signal strength) and superior optical properties (full device transparency, device active area, signal strength) when compared to commercial polycrystalline and single crystal diamond, respectively. We also succeeded in the ¿industrialization¿ of the SiC fabrication process, allowing for the simultaneous realization of several (>40) sensors in up to 4¿ SiC wafers, with high yields. More recently we have also analyzed the fluorescence of SiC sensors as compared to YAG ones, finding that SiC can also be used for hybrid position/shape monitoring schema.
* CIVIDEC. AT, SYDORTECHNOLOGIES. COM
** DECTRIS. COM
*** S. Nida, et. al. Silicon carbide X-ray beam position monitors for synchrotron applications J. Synchrotron Rad. 26, 28-35 (2019)

Slides THAO02 [9.963 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-THAO02

About •

paper received ※ 11 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 11 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)