PCaPAC2018 - List of Keywords (hardware)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
WEC1	The Do’s and Don’ts in Process Controls - Lessons Learned Over 35 Years	controls, PLC, software, cryogenics	1
	M.R. Clausen, T. Boeckmann, J. Hatje, O. Korth, M. Möller, J. Penning, H.R. Rickens, B. Schoeneburg DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	Designing, implementing and maintaining process control systems for cryogenic plants requires different viewpoints compared with those in machine controls. 24/7 operations for more than a year is a basic requirement. Hardware and software must be designed to fulfill this requirement. Many projects are carried out with industrial partners. Companies specify the process control logic which gets implemented by the local DESY team. Responsibilities, time tables and milestones must be clearly defined in such a case. Several cryogenic installations have been equipped with state of the art process control systems for cryogenic controls. Where the last one being the European XFEL. In the course of time commercial and open source systems were implemented and maintained. Control loops were basically always implemented in front end controllers running the real-time operating system VxWorks and EPICS as the control system toolkit. The approach to use PLCs will be discussed as an alternative approach. Large installations like the European XFEL require good project planning. Our success story will finalize our look back and initiate our look forward.
	Slides WEC1 [2.559 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-WEC1
About •	paper received ※ 12 October 2018 paper accepted ※ 15 October 2018 issue date ※ 21 January 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEC5	!CHAOS General Status Report	controls, framework, luminosity, interface	17
	A. Stecchi, C. Bisegni, P. Ciuffetti, A. D’Uffizi, A. De Santis, G. Di Pirro, F. Galletti, R. Gargana, A. Michelotti, M. Pistoni, D. Spigone INFN/LNF, Frascati, Italy L. Catani INFN - Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
	!CHAOS* (Control system based on Highly Abstracted and Open Structure) is now mature and is being employed in real operational contexts. A dedicated infrastructure, recently installed at the LNF Computer Centre, houses the framework and provides control services to different LNF installations. The !CHAOS native capability of fast storage, based on the use of a non-relational database, has been finalized and tested with applications demanding high bandwidth. Thanks to its scalable design, the fast storage allows to accommodate multiple sources with sub-millisecond timing. The EU (Execution Unit) node has also been delivered and turned out to be a "Swiss Army knife" for processing both live and stored data, inserting feedbacks and in general for correlating data acquired by the CU (Control Units) nodes. A key feature of the EU is a plugin mechanism that allows to easily integrate different programming and scripting languages such as LUA, C++, Python, also exploiting the ROOT framework, the well-known scientific tool from CERN. A comprehensive description of the !CHAOS evolution, of its performances and of its use, both in scientific and industrial contexts, is presented. * L. Catani et al, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 15, 112804 (2012). Introducing a New Paradigm for Accelerators and Large Experimental Apparatus Control Systems.
	Slides WEC5 [6.919 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-WEC5
About •	paper received ※ 10 October 2018 paper accepted ※ 17 October 2018 issue date ※ 21 January 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEP02	BLISS - Experiments Control for ESRF Beamline	controls, SRF, interface, TANGO	26
	V. Michel, A. Beteva, T.M. Coutinho, M.C. Dominguez, M. Guijarro, C. Guilloud, A. Homs, J.M. Meyer, E. Papillon, M. Perez, S. Petitdemange ESRF, Grenoble, France
	BLISS is the new ESRF control system for running experiments, with full deployment aimed for the end of the EBS upgrade program in 2020. BLISS provides a global approach to run synchrotron experiments, thanks to hardware integration, Python sequences and an advanced scanning engine. As a Python package, BLISS can be easily embedded into any Python application and data management features enable online data analysis. In addition, BLISS ships with tools to enhance scientists user experience and can easily be integrated into TANGO based environments, with generic TANGO servers on top of BLISS controllers. BLISS configuration facility can be used as an alternative TANGO database. Delineating all aspects of the BLISS project from beamline device configuration up to the integrated user interface, this poster will present the technical choices that drove BLISS design and will describe the BLISS software architecture and technology stack in depth.
	Slides WEP02 [8.409 MB]
	Poster WEP02 [1.674 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-WEP02
About •	paper received ※ 04 October 2018 paper accepted ※ 30 January 2019 issue date ※ 21 January 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEP10	Update on the Status of the FLUTE Control System	controls, EPICS, network, electron	54
	W. Mexner, E. Blomley, E. Bründermann, C.F. Fehlinger, S. Marsching, A.-S. Müller, R. Ruprecht, T. Schmelzer, M. Schuh, N.J. Smale KIT, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany I. Križnar Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia S. Marsching Aquenos GmbH, Baden-Baden, Germany
	The first phase of FLUTE, a new linac based test facility and THz source is currently being commissioned at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). It consist of an RF photo gun and a traveling wave linac accelerating electrons to beam energies of 40 to 50 MeV. The control system is based on a virtualized infrastructure running Ubuntu Linux and Linux KVM. As base for the SCADA system we use EPICS 3.15 with Control System Studio (CSS) for the GUI. The long term data storage is provided by a Cassandra NoSQL database. This contribution will present the architecture and the current status of the FLUTE control system.
	Poster WEP10 [1.256 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-WEP10
About •	paper received ※ 21 September 2018 paper accepted ※ 15 October 2018 issue date ※ 21 January 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEP23	Control System Using EPICS Tools at TARLA LINAC	controls, EPICS, interface, electron	85
	O.F. Elcim Ankara University Institute of Accelerator Technologies, Golbasi, Turkey
	The first accelerator based research facility of Turkey-TARLA is under commissioning at Institute of Accelerator Technologies of Ankara University. It is designed to generate free electron laser and Bremsstrahlung radiation using up to 40 MeV continuous wave (CW) electron beam. The control system of TARLA is based on EPICS and are being tested offline. TARLA also has industrial control systems such as PLC based cryoplant and water cooling system. Its control system is under development, it benefits from the latest version of EPICS framework, i.e. V7. In other words, TARLA control system uses existing demonstrated tools of EPICSV3 as well as pvAccess which comes with EPICSv4 for transferring the large data through control network. Archive (CSS BEAUTY) and alarm (CSS BEAST) system have been set up to detect stability and prevent failures. Operator interfaces have been designed using CSS BOY. Currently, CCDs, PSS (Personel Safety System), MPS (Machine Protection System), Superconductive Cavities, RF Amplifiers, microTCA based LLRF system are being integrated into distributed control system. In this proceeding we summarize the current status and future plans of TARLA control system.
	Poster WEP23 [1.696 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-WEP23
About •	paper received ※ 10 October 2018 paper accepted ※ 15 October 2018 issue date ※ 21 January 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEP33	Introduction of Ciads Control System	controls, interface, operation, software	113
	Y.X. Chen, H. Cao, H.T. Liu, J. Wang, Q.J. Wu, H. Zheng IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
	CiADS is a science researching facility, which destination is about energy Providence. The control system of CiADS will have more than hundred types of device, and include more than thousand equipment and sensors. Based on the background of researching and energy project, the control system should overcome two challenges. First is that building a open architecture to face the flexibility of changed requirement. the second is that the flexibility should as less as possible influence the checking result of nuclear law and standard by authority. To meet the requirement, the control system will be divided into 3 levels.level 2 will provide the OPI, data analysis interface and simulation to all users. Level 1 provide implement of control and security logic. Meantime it will provide a engine and interface for collection and package of some reconstructed data. Level 0 will implement the local control and provide all data and information to other levels. The paper mainly introduce the architecture and some works to build the control system to make it to overcome the two challenges.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-WEP33
About •	paper received ※ 08 October 2018 paper accepted ※ 15 October 2018 issue date ※ 21 January 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THCA5	Rethinking PLCs: Industrial Ethernet for Large-Scale Real-Time Distributed Control Applications	PLC, controls, software, network	136
	B. Plötzeneder, O. Janda, A. Kru’enko, J. Trdlicka ELI-BEAMS, Prague, Czech Republic P. Bastl Institute of Physics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
	Funding: Extreme Light Infrastructure - Phase 2 (CZ.02.1.01/ 0.0/0.0/15₀08/0000162; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports CZ / European Regional Development Fund) Many research facilities rely on PLCs to automate large slow systems like vacuum or HVAC, where price, availability and reliability matter. The dominant architecture consists of local units of controllers/ modules (programmed in IEC61131-3 languages), which operate mostly autonomously from a SCADA layer. While some vendors provide low-level stacks to encourage growth of their ecosystems, PLC programming remains largely within a closed, proprietary world. In this paper, we introduce a different way of thinking about PLC hardware. Working with the open stacks intended for the design of new EtherCAT (Beckhoff) / Powerlink (B&R) modules, we built an abstract C+± API to control the existing ones. These industrial ethernet busses can be propagated using standard network hardware, so any RT-Linux system can now control any PLC module from anywhere in our facility using high-level languages (C++, LabVIEW). This way, PLC modules are seamlessly integrated into our distributed TANGO-based control system. PC-PLC interfaces are no longer needed; or in the case of traditionally implemented subsystems (machine safety), trivial.
	Slides THCA5 [2.456 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-THCA5
About •	paper received ※ 18 October 2018 paper accepted ※ 25 April 2019 issue date ※ 21 January 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THP10	Collimator Motion Control System Upgrade for Medical Linear Accelerator Project at SLRI	controls, software, FPGA, interface	183
	R. Rujanakraikarn, P. Koonpong, S. Tesprasitte SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
	A prototype of the 6-MeV medical linear accelerator has been under development at Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI). A set of secondary collimators is utilized with different size arrangement for beam shaping purpose. To produce the desired field size of the beam, the FPGA-based collimator motion control is designed in VHDL for simultaneous control of the collimators while the main PI control is implemented in the FPGA’s main processor. In this paper, hardware and software upgrades of the collimator motion control system are presented. A custom drive hardware for individual collimator is designed to implement with the existing FPGA controller board. Interface between the custom hardware parts and the FPGA’s programmable logic (PL) part is described. Communication between the motion control subsystem and the main LabVIEW control software on PC is modified to send and receive parameters wirelessly. Software modification of the FPGA’s main processor part and that of the LabVIEW GUI part is also reported.
	Poster THP10 [3.877 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-THP10
About •	paper received ※ 09 October 2018 paper accepted ※ 15 October 2018 issue date ※ 21 January 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

WEC1

The Do’s and Don’ts in Process Controls - Lessons Learned Over 35 Years

controls, PLC, software, cryogenics

1

M.R. Clausen, T. Boeckmann, J. Hatje, O. Korth, M. Möller, J. Penning, H.R. Rickens, B. Schoeneburg
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

Designing, implementing and maintaining process control systems for cryogenic plants requires different viewpoints compared with those in machine controls. 24/7 operations for more than a year is a basic requirement. Hardware and software must be designed to fulfill this requirement. Many projects are carried out with industrial partners. Companies specify the process control logic which gets implemented by the local DESY team. Responsibilities, time tables and milestones must be clearly defined in such a case. Several cryogenic installations have been equipped with state of the art process control systems for cryogenic controls. Where the last one being the European XFEL. In the course of time commercial and open source systems were implemented and maintained. Control loops were basically always implemented in front end controllers running the real-time operating system VxWorks and EPICS as the control system toolkit. The approach to use PLCs will be discussed as an alternative approach. Large installations like the European XFEL require good project planning. Our success story will finalize our look back and initiate our look forward.

Slides WEC1 [2.559 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-WEC1

About •

paper received ※ 12 October 2018 paper accepted ※ 15 October 2018 issue date ※ 21 January 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEC5

!CHAOS General Status Report

controls, framework, luminosity, interface

17

A. Stecchi, C. Bisegni, P. Ciuffetti, A. D’Uffizi, A. De Santis, G. Di Pirro, F. Galletti, R. Gargana, A. Michelotti, M. Pistoni, D. Spigone
INFN/LNF, Frascati, Italy
L. Catani
INFN - Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy

!CHAOS* (Control system based on Highly Abstracted and Open Structure) is now mature and is being employed in real operational contexts. A dedicated infrastructure, recently installed at the LNF Computer Centre, houses the framework and provides control services to different LNF installations. The !CHAOS native capability of fast storage, based on the use of a non-relational database, has been finalized and tested with applications demanding high bandwidth. Thanks to its scalable design, the fast storage allows to accommodate multiple sources with sub-millisecond timing. The EU (Execution Unit) node has also been delivered and turned out to be a "Swiss Army knife" for processing both live and stored data, inserting feedbacks and in general for correlating data acquired by the CU (Control Units) nodes. A key feature of the EU is a plugin mechanism that allows to easily integrate different programming and scripting languages such as LUA, C++, Python, also exploiting the ROOT framework, the well-known scientific tool from CERN. A comprehensive description of the !CHAOS evolution, of its performances and of its use, both in scientific and industrial contexts, is presented.
* L. Catani et al, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 15, 112804 (2012). Introducing a New Paradigm for Accelerators and Large Experimental Apparatus Control Systems.

Slides WEC5 [6.919 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-WEC5

About •

paper received ※ 10 October 2018 paper accepted ※ 17 October 2018 issue date ※ 21 January 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEP02

BLISS - Experiments Control for ESRF Beamline

controls, SRF, interface, TANGO

26

V. Michel, A. Beteva, T.M. Coutinho, M.C. Dominguez, M. Guijarro, C. Guilloud, A. Homs, J.M. Meyer, E. Papillon, M. Perez, S. Petitdemange
ESRF, Grenoble, France

BLISS is the new ESRF control system for running experiments, with full deployment aimed for the end of the EBS upgrade program in 2020. BLISS provides a global approach to run synchrotron experiments, thanks to hardware integration, Python sequences and an advanced scanning engine. As a Python package, BLISS can be easily embedded into any Python application and data management features enable online data analysis. In addition, BLISS ships with tools to enhance scientists user experience and can easily be integrated into TANGO based environments, with generic TANGO servers on top of BLISS controllers. BLISS configuration facility can be used as an alternative TANGO database. Delineating all aspects of the BLISS project from beamline device configuration up to the integrated user interface, this poster will present the technical choices that drove BLISS design and will describe the BLISS software architecture and technology stack in depth.

Slides WEP02 [8.409 MB]

Poster WEP02 [1.674 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-WEP02

About •

paper received ※ 04 October 2018 paper accepted ※ 30 January 2019 issue date ※ 21 January 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEP10

Update on the Status of the FLUTE Control System

controls, EPICS, network, electron

54

W. Mexner, E. Blomley, E. Bründermann, C.F. Fehlinger, S. Marsching, A.-S. Müller, R. Ruprecht, T. Schmelzer, M. Schuh, N.J. Smale
KIT, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
I. Križnar
Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia
S. Marsching
Aquenos GmbH, Baden-Baden, Germany

The first phase of FLUTE, a new linac based test facility and THz source is currently being commissioned at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). It consist of an RF photo gun and a traveling wave linac accelerating electrons to beam energies of 40 to 50 MeV. The control system is based on a virtualized infrastructure running Ubuntu Linux and Linux KVM. As base for the SCADA system we use EPICS 3.15 with Control System Studio (CSS) for the GUI. The long term data storage is provided by a Cassandra NoSQL database. This contribution will present the architecture and the current status of the FLUTE control system.

Poster WEP10 [1.256 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-WEP10

About •

paper received ※ 21 September 2018 paper accepted ※ 15 October 2018 issue date ※ 21 January 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEP23

Control System Using EPICS Tools at TARLA LINAC

controls, EPICS, interface, electron

85

O.F. Elcim
Ankara University Institute of Accelerator Technologies, Golbasi, Turkey

The first accelerator based research facility of Turkey-TARLA is under commissioning at Institute of Accelerator Technologies of Ankara University. It is designed to generate free electron laser and Bremsstrahlung radiation using up to 40 MeV continuous wave (CW) electron beam. The control system of TARLA is based on EPICS and are being tested offline. TARLA also has industrial control systems such as PLC based cryoplant and water cooling system. Its control system is under development, it benefits from the latest version of EPICS framework, i.e. V7. In other words, TARLA control system uses existing demonstrated tools of EPICSV3 as well as pvAccess which comes with EPICSv4 for transferring the large data through control network. Archive (CSS BEAUTY) and alarm (CSS BEAST) system have been set up to detect stability and prevent failures. Operator interfaces have been designed using CSS BOY. Currently, CCDs, PSS (Personel Safety System), MPS (Machine Protection System), Superconductive Cavities, RF Amplifiers, microTCA based LLRF system are being integrated into distributed control system. In this proceeding we summarize the current status and future plans of TARLA control system.

Poster WEP23 [1.696 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-WEP23

About •

paper received ※ 10 October 2018 paper accepted ※ 15 October 2018 issue date ※ 21 January 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEP33

Introduction of Ciads Control System

controls, interface, operation, software

113

Y.X. Chen, H. Cao, H.T. Liu, J. Wang, Q.J. Wu, H. Zheng
IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China

CiADS is a science researching facility, which destination is about energy Providence. The control system of CiADS will have more than hundred types of device, and include more than thousand equipment and sensors. Based on the background of researching and energy project, the control system should overcome two challenges. First is that building a open architecture to face the flexibility of changed requirement. the second is that the flexibility should as less as possible influence the checking result of nuclear law and standard by authority. To meet the requirement, the control system will be divided into 3 levels.level 2 will provide the OPI, data analysis interface and simulation to all users. Level 1 provide implement of control and security logic. Meantime it will provide a engine and interface for collection and package of some reconstructed data. Level 0 will implement the local control and provide all data and information to other levels. The paper mainly introduce the architecture and some works to build the control system to make it to overcome the two challenges.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-WEP33

About •

paper received ※ 08 October 2018 paper accepted ※ 15 October 2018 issue date ※ 21 January 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THCA5

Rethinking PLCs: Industrial Ethernet for Large-Scale Real-Time Distributed Control Applications

PLC, controls, software, network

136

B. Plötzeneder, O. Janda, A. Kru’enko, J. Trdlicka
ELI-BEAMS, Prague, Czech Republic
P. Bastl
Institute of Physics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic

Funding: Extreme Light Infrastructure - Phase 2 (CZ.02.1.01/ 0.0/0.0/15₀08/0000162; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports CZ / European Regional Development Fund)
Many research facilities rely on PLCs to automate large slow systems like vacuum or HVAC, where price, availability and reliability matter. The dominant architecture consists of local units of controllers/ modules (programmed in IEC61131-3 languages), which operate mostly autonomously from a SCADA layer. While some vendors provide low-level stacks to encourage growth of their ecosystems, PLC programming remains largely within a closed, proprietary world. In this paper, we introduce a different way of thinking about PLC hardware. Working with the open stacks intended for the design of new EtherCAT (Beckhoff) / Powerlink (B&R) modules, we built an abstract C+± API to control the existing ones. These industrial ethernet busses can be propagated using standard network hardware, so any RT-Linux system can now control any PLC module from anywhere in our facility using high-level languages (C++, LabVIEW). This way, PLC modules are seamlessly integrated into our distributed TANGO-based control system. PC-PLC interfaces are no longer needed; or in the case of traditionally implemented subsystems (machine safety), trivial.

Slides THCA5 [2.456 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-THCA5

About •

paper received ※ 18 October 2018 paper accepted ※ 25 April 2019 issue date ※ 21 January 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THP10

Collimator Motion Control System Upgrade for Medical Linear Accelerator Project at SLRI

controls, software, FPGA, interface

183

R. Rujanakraikarn, P. Koonpong, S. Tesprasitte
SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

A prototype of the 6-MeV medical linear accelerator has been under development at Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI). A set of secondary collimators is utilized with different size arrangement for beam shaping purpose. To produce the desired field size of the beam, the FPGA-based collimator motion control is designed in VHDL for simultaneous control of the collimators while the main PI control is implemented in the FPGA’s main processor. In this paper, hardware and software upgrades of the collimator motion control system are presented. A custom drive hardware for individual collimator is designed to implement with the existing FPGA controller board. Interface between the custom hardware parts and the FPGA’s programmable logic (PL) part is described. Communication between the motion control subsystem and the main LabVIEW control software on PC is modified to send and receive parameters wirelessly. Software modification of the FPGA’s main processor part and that of the LabVIEW GUI part is also reported.

Poster THP10 [3.877 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2018-THP10

About •

paper received ※ 09 October 2018 paper accepted ※ 15 October 2018 issue date ※ 21 January 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)