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| MOPCH098 | LHC@FNAL: A Remote Access Center for the LHC at Fermilab | LHC, CERN, controls, luminosity | 267 | ||
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A facility is being designed at Fermilab to help people contribute to the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) effort at CERN. This facility is called LHC@FNAL. The purpose of LHC@FNAL is to permit members of the LHC community in North America contribute their expertise to LHC activities at CERN, and to assist CERN with the commissioning and operation of the LHC accelerator and CMS experiment. As a facility, LHC@FNAL has three primary functions: 1) To provide access to information in a manner that is similar to what is available in control rooms at CERN, and to enable members of the LHC community to participate remotely in LHC and CMS activities. 2) To serve as a (bidirectional) communications conduit between CERN and members of the LHC community located in North America. 3. To allow visitors to Fermilab to see firsthand how research is progressing at the LHC. Visitors will be able to see current LHC activities, and will be able to see how future international projects in particle physics can benefit from active participation in projects at remote locations. LHC@FNAL is expected to contribute to a wide range of activities for the CMS experiment and for the LHC accelerator.
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| MOPCH147 | Developments in Conditioning Procedures for the TTF-III Power Couplers | vacuum, DESY, electron, controls | 399 | ||
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Despite extensive experience in many laboratories on power conditioning of couplers for RF superconducting accelerators, it is still not a well understood procedure and can produce many unpredictable phenomena. There remains considerable interest in reducing the power coupler conditioning time necessary for superconducting linear accelerators. This paper presents studies of optimisation of the conditioning procedure for the couplers intended for use on the European XFEL project.
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| MOPLS026 | Monitoring of Interaction-point Parameters using the 3-dimensional Luminosity Distribution Measured at PEP-II | luminosity, lattice, coupling, SLAC | 598 | ||
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The 3-D luminosity distribution at the IP of the SLAC B-Factory is monitored using e+ e- -> e+ e-, mu+ mu- events reconstructed online in the BaBar detector. The transverse centroid and spatial orientation of the luminosity ellipsoid provide a reliable monitor of IP orbit drifts. The longitudinal centroid is sensitive to small variations in the average relative RF phase of the beams and provides a detailed measurement of the phase transient along the bunch train. Relative variations in horizontal luminous size are detectable at the micron level. The longitudinal luminosity distribution depends on the e± overlap bunch length and the vertical IP beta-function beta*y. In addition to continuous online monitoring of all the IP parameters above, we performed detailed studies of their variation along the bunch train to investigate a temporary luminosity degradation. We also used controlled variations in RF voltage and beam current to extract separate measurements of the e+ and e- bunch lengths. The time-history of the beta*y measurements, collected over a year of routine high-luminosity operation, are compared with HER & LER phase-advance data periodically recorded in single-bunch mode.
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| MOPLS068 | Beam Impact of the ILC Collimators | simulation, LEFT, electron, positron | 703 | ||
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Spoilers in the ILC Beam Delivery System are required to survive a minimum of 1-2 direct impacts from each energetic electron or positron bunch of charged particles without failure, in addition to maintaining low geometric and resistive wall wakefields. The transient shock wave resulting from rapid localised beam heating and its implications for spoiler design are studied using ANSYS. The realistic patterns of energy deposition are taken from FLUKA.The results presented quantify uncertainties in the predictions and consider possible options for spoiler jaws for the ILC.
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| TUPCH035 | Fine Spatial Beam Loss Monitoring for the ISIS Proton Synchrotron | dipole, beam-losses, synchrotron, acceleration | 1079 | ||
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Beam loss detection at the ISIS synchrotron is achieved using a series of 3 and 4 metre long argon gas ionisation tubes placed around the inside track of the main ring and along the injector and extraction sections. Even with this level of diagnostics problems have occurred, for example, inside a main dipole within the accelerator ring where small concentrated areas of loss have resulted in severe damage to the RF shield. This type of loss cannot be easily resolved using the conventional argon gas system due to the length of the detectors and their distance from the vacuum vessel (around 2m). We report here the development of a compact beam loss monoitoring system which has been installed inside a dipole between the vacuum vessel and the main body of the dipole. The system comprises of six 150 sq. cm. (BC408) plastic scintillators connected to photo-multiplier tubes via fibre optic bundles. Measurements taken demonstrate that the new system can easily resolve complex beam loss patterns along the dipole while remaining robust to the high radiation environment. We also report here details of our PXI based data collection and display system.
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| TUPCH038 | Beam Loss Monitoring and Machine Protection Designs for the Daresbury Laboratory Energy Recovery Linac Prototype | electron, radiation, beam-losses, ERLP | 1088 | ||
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Daresbury Laboratory is currently constructing an energy recovery linac prototype (ERLP). This is to carry out the necessary research and development of the technology of photo-cathode electron guns and superconducting linacs so that a fourth generation light source (4GLS) can be designed and constructed. Beam loss monitoring and machine protection systems are vital areas for the successful operation of the ERLP. These systems are required, both for efficient commissioning and for hardware protection during operation. This paper gives an overview of the system requirements, options available and details of the final design specification.
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| TUPCH072 | New Generation Streak Camera Design and Investigation | electron, radiation, space-charge, simulation | 1175 | ||
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The only method for electron bunch duration monitoring with a resolution in the order of 10 fs and less is the method of photochronography of the bunch incoherent radiation in the frequency range, for example, of visible light and at realizing streak camera with new principles of its operation*. In the paper the streak camera design for measuring both the electron bunches and x-ray pulses duration with the mentioned temporal resolution is presented. The results of the camera investigation, with photoelectron dynamics simulation taking into account space-charge effect and impact of the surface roughness of a spherical photocathode of the 20-50 micrometers radius (forming a modulating gap of spherical configuration) on the camera resolution, are presented and discussed.
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*A. M. Tron and I. G. Merinov. Method of bunch radiation photochronography with 10 femtosecond and less resolution. http://www.physics.ucla.edu/PAHBEB2005/talks/10oct2005/wg2/atron.pdf |
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| TUPCH154 | RF Amplifier for Next Generation Light Sources | controls, power-supply, cathode, vacuum | 1385 | ||
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This paper describes the design concepts and development issues around generating a compact 16kW 1.3GHz RF amplifier for use in the next generation of light sources. These amplifiers need to be operated for extended periods to maximise use of the facility and so high reliability and availability are of key importance. Equally important are the capabilities to have extensive self-monitoring and fault prediction, autonomous operation, low heat dissipation to air, and easy maintenance. The design and development of such an RF amplifier based on the latest e2v technologies 1.3GHz inductive output tube (IOT) will be described. The RF amplifier equipment makes extensive use of commercially available products and industry collaborations to produce an amplifier that meets all the requirements yet can be manufactured and operated in a most cost effective manner. Prototype equipment will be shown at EPAC 06.
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| TUPLS013 | Protection of the LHC against Unsynchronised Beam Aborts | LHC, kicker, extraction, collimation | 1514 | ||
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An unsynchronised beam abort in the LHC could cause major damage to other downstream accelerator components, in particular the extraction septum magnets, the experimental low-beta triplet magnet apertures and the tertiary collimators. Although the LHC beam dumping system includes design features to minimise their frequency, such unsynchronised aborts can arise from several sources and cannot be excluded. A system of protection devices comprising fixed and moveable passive diluters and collimators will be built to safely protect the downstream LHC aperture from the mis-directed bunches in case of such a failure. The sources of unsynchronised abort events are described, together with the requirements and design of the protection devices and their expected performance. The accompanying operational requirements and envisaged solutions are discussed, in particular the problem of ensuring the local orbit at the protection devices.
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| TUPLS135 | Technical Infrastructure Monitoring at CERN | CERN, controls, LHC, site | 1822 | ||
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The Technical Infrastructure Monitoring system (TIM) is used to survey and control CERN's technical services from the CERN Control Centre (CCC). The system's primary function is to provide CCC operators with reliable real-time information about the state of the laboratory's extensive and widely distributed technical infrastructure. TIM is also used to monitor all general services required for the operation of the accelerator complex and the experiments. A flexible data acquisition mechanism allows TIM to interface with a wide range of technically diverse installations, using industry standard protocols wherever possible and custom designed solutions where needed. The complexity of the data processing logic, including persistence, logging, alarm handling, command execution and the evaluation of data-driven business rules is encapsulated in the system's business layer. Users benefit from a suite of advanced graphical applications adapted to operations (synoptic views, alarm consoles, data analysis tools etc.), system maintenance and support. Complementary tools for configuration data management and historical data analysis will be available before the start-up of the LHC in 2007.
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| WEPCH156 | CERN Safety Alarms Monitoring System (CSAM) | CERN, site, controls, LHC | 2293 | ||
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The CERN Safety Alarms Monitoring (CSAM) system is designed to aquire and transmit reliably to the CERN Fire Brigade all the alarms generated by a large number of safety alarm equipment distributed around the sites and in the underground. The quality and accuracy of the information provided by CSAM is crucial to permit a quick and efficient intervention by the Fire Brigade. The CSAM projet was launched in 1999 to replace the previous alarm system which used obsolete technology and operator devices. The new system is in operation since 2005 and 2/3 of all alarm equipement on the CERN sites are now handled by the new system. The migration/installation process is is expected to terminate in May 2006. This paper presents the system architecture, the deployment process and the return of experience in the accelerator environment.
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| WEPLS006 | Requirements for Accelerator-based Neutrino Facilities | factory, CERN, alignment, LEFT | 2406 | ||
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Classification: 1-A18, 3-A09, 4-A15, 6-T03 (non exhaustive). The study of neutrino oscillations offers promises of great discoveries including leptonic CP violation. The experimental programs that are under discussion pose considerable challenges to accelerator builders. Extremely high intensities are needed for classical on- and off-axis pion decay beams; novel ideas such as beta-beams and muon decay beams have been invented and are being studied. The experiments to be performed require outstanding predictability and monitoring of the neutrino flux. The challenges will be reviewed and a list of requirements will be proposed.
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| THPCH090 | Stabilization of the ILC Final Focus Using Interferometers | laser, quadrupole, target, simulation | 3000 | ||
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We are developing a system of interferometers that can measure the relative motion between two objects (such as the two final focus quadrupoles) to a few nanometers using interferometric methods. Two instruments are developed at the John Adams Institute at University of Oxford: A distance meter to measure length changes and a straightness monitor to measure perpendicular shifts. We will present technique, results and resolutions of our distance meter prototype. We will also examine their applications at the ILC.
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| THPCH117 | Synchronized Data Monitoring and Acquisition System for J-PARC RCS | controls, power-supply, beam-losses, synchrotron | 3077 | ||
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J-PARC RCS* is a proton synchrotron with an extreme high power of 1MW, and delicate care must be taken to suppress radiation due to beam loss. The RCS injects each beam pulse of 25 Hz into the MLF** and the MR*** in a predefined order. Furthermore, the different beam control parameters are required for the MLF and the MR. Therefore, in order to reduce beam loss, synchronicity of data is indispensable. For this reason, control data monitoring and acquisition must be made separately for each beam pulse, distinguishing the destination in the control system. The data, which require synchronicity monitoring and acquisition, are such as beam position data (BPM**** data). We select mainly these data, and we are developing the synchronized data monitoring and acquisition system based on RM*****, WER******. The status of development and some test results for this system will be presented in this report.
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*Rapid-cycling Synchrotron **Materials and Life Science Facility ***50 GeV Main Ring ****Beam Position Monitor *****Reflective Memory ******Wave Endless Recorder |
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| THPCH123 | New Control System for Nuclotron Main Power Supplies | controls, power-supply, extraction, quadrupole | 3089 | ||
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New control and monitoring system for Nuclotron main power supplies was designed in order to substantially extend functionality of the existing equipment and software. The lattice bending (BM), focusing (QF) and defocusing (QD) magnets are powered by two supplies. The BM magnetic field shape is set by pulse function generator that produces a reference burst (Bo-train) with 0.1 Gs resolution. This train controls pattern analog function generator based on a 18-bit DAC. A real B-train from the reference magnet and corresponding analog function are used for feedback loop. The current magnetic field of BM is used as reference function for the focusing and defocusing magnets. A scaling 16-bit multiplied DAC is used to set required ratio IBM/IQFD during accelerator cycle. A 16-bit data acquisition card provides measurement of all analog signals. Digital I/O boards are applied to set and read status of the power supplies, accompanying subsystems and interlocks. Timing modules provide the trigger pulses both for the system internal needs and for synchronizing of the accelerator subsystems and experimental setups.
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| THPCH180 | Equipment for Tunnel Installation of Main and Insertion LHC Cryo-magnets | LHC, acceleration, dipole, quadrupole | 3218 | ||
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The installation of about 1700 superconducting dipoles and quadrupoles in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is now well underway. The transport and installation of the LHC cryo-magnets in the LEP tunnels originally designed for smaller, lighter LEP magnets have required development of completely new handling solutions. The severe space constraints combined with the long, heavy loads have meant that solutions had to be very sophisticated. The paper describes the procedure of the installation of the main cryo-magnets in the arc as well as the more specific insertion cryo-magnets. The logistics for the handling and transport are monitored with tri-axial acceleration monitoring devices that are installed on each cryo-magnet to ensure their mechanical and geometric integrity. These dynamic results are commented. The paper includes conclusions and some lessons learned.
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| THPCH184 | Handling and Transport of Oversized Accelerator Components and Physics Detectors | CERN, LHC, acceleration, site | 3230 | ||
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For cost, planning and organisational reasons, it is often decided to install large pre-built accelerators components and physics detectors. As a result, on surface, exceptional transports are required from the construction to the installation sites. Such heavy transports have been numerous during the LHC installation phase. This paper will describe the different types of transport techniques used to fit the particularities of accelerators and detectors components (weight, height, acceleration, planarity) as well as the measurement techniques for monitoring and the logistical aspects (organisation with the police, obstacles on the roads, etc). As far as oversized equipment is concerned, the lowering into the pit is challenging, as well as the transport in tunnel galleries in a very scare space and without handling means attached to the structure like overhead travelling cranes. From the PS accelerator to the LHC, handling systems have been developed at CERN to fit with these particular working conditions. This paper will expose the operating conditions of the main transport equipments used at CERN in PS, SPS and LHC tunnels.
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