IPAC2019 - Classification: MC8: Applications of Accelerators, Technology Transfer and Industrial Relations / U03 Transmutation and Energy Production

Paper	Title	Page
TUYPLS2	Development of Accelerator Driven Advanced Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Fuel Recycling	4389
	Y. He, L. Gu, Y. He, Z. Qin, Z.G. Wang, Z.J. Wang, L. Yang, J.H. Zhang, X. Zhang, H.S. Xu IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China W.-L. Zhan CAS, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	The proposed Accelerator Driven Advanced Nuclear Energy System (ADANES) is a new closed nuclear energy cycle system, aimed at improving the utilization rate of nuclear fuels, enhancing nuclear safety, reducing the nuclear proliferation, and at becoming a sustainable and low-carbon energy supply for thousands of years. The ADANES system consists of fuel burner similar to the Accelerator Driven System (ADS), used nuclear fuel processing and recycle system. Recently, several prototypes and developments for key technologies have been made, such as 25 MeV proton superconducting linac, granular flow spallation target, a new-design reactor, key process of used nuclear fuel, and others. This talk will present ADANES development and status of key technology R&D.
	Slides TUYPLS2 [15.580 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-TUYPLS2
About •	paper received ※ 20 May 2019 paper accepted ※ 16 June 2019 issue date ※ 21 June 2019
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THPMP008	Feasibility Study on Mo-99 Production Using Hybrid Method Based on High Power Electron Accelerator	3462
SUSPFO034	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	A. Taghibi Khotbeh-Sara, F. Rahmani KNTU, Tehran, Iran F. Ghasemi NSTRI, Tehran, Iran H. Khalafi AEOI, Tehran, Iran M. Mohseni Kejani Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
	In this study, the idea 99Mo production using hybrid method based on electron accelerator has been pre-sented. Two different main production channels of 100Mo(γ,n)99Mo and 98Mo(n,γ)99Mo can be used for 99Mo production in this system. By considering high power Linac (30 MeV, 1 mA in average beam current) and one-stage approach, the calculation of 100Mo(γ,n)99Mo reactions in the optimized 100Mo target in two different designs (strip and disc) has been simu-lated. It is predicted that about 61 and 53 Ci of 99Mo activity per 24-hour irradiation on the strip target and the disc plates can be achieved, respectively. The threshold energy of photoneutron at 100Mo is about 9 MeV, so a large part of bremsstrahlung photons cannot participate in photoneutron reaction. For feasibility study, new hybrid approach has been tested by 10 MeV Rhodotron. Due to the low threshold of photo-neutron in deuteron (about 2.2 MeV) and significant low energy photons in 100Mo, photoneutron flux is available. So, Molybdenum target in heavy water Tank increases the production yield of 99Mo using neutron absorption reaction in 98Mo. The total activity of 99Mo has been predicted about 0.23 Ci per 24 hours e-beam irradiation.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-THPMP008
About •	paper received ※ 15 May 2019 paper accepted ※ 22 May 2019 issue date ※ 21 June 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPMP044	Radiation Hard Sensor for Reactor Applications	3545
	R.J. Abrams, M.A. Cummings, R.P. Johnson, T.J. Roberts Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA D.M. Kaplan Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
	A novel method of measuring temperature of the coolant inside a reactor core is presented. The method, which is both standoff and non-invasive, is based on the interaction between an ultrasonic pulse and a delayed light pulse in the coolant. In the interaction, the light pulse, which is scattered backward by Brillouin scattering, is frequency-shifted. The frequency shift is dependent on the temperature and other parameters of the coolant. The light pulses and the ultrasound pulses are generated and detected outside of the core.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-THPMP044
About •	paper received ※ 14 May 2019 paper accepted ※ 23 May 2019 issue date ※ 21 June 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPMP047	Advanced Modeling and Optimization of Thermionic Energy Converters	3552
	J.P. Edelen, N.M. Cook, C.C. Hall, Y. Hu RadiaSoft LLC, Boulder, Colorado, USA J.-L. Vay LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics under Award Number DE-SC0017162 Thermionic energy converters (TEC) are a class of thermoelectric devices, which promise improvements to the efficiency and cost of both small- and large-scale electricity generation. A TEC is comprised of a narrowly-separated thermionic emitter and an anode. Simple structures are often space-charge limited as operating temperatures produce currents exceeding the Child-Langmuir limit. We present results from 3D simulations of these devices using the particle-in-cell code Warp, developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. We demonstrate improvements to the Warp code permitting high fidelity simulations of complex device geometries. These improvements include modeling of non-conformal geometries using mesh refinement and cut-cells with a dielectric solver, in addition to importing geometries directly from standard CAD output. In this paper we showcase some of these new features and demonstrate their use.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-THPMP047
About •	paper received ※ 14 May 2019 paper accepted ※ 22 May 2019 issue date ※ 21 June 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPMP048	Mu*STAR: A Modular Accelerator-Driven Subcritical Reactor Design	3555
	R.P. Johnson, R.J. Abrams, M.A. Cummings, J.D. Lobo, M. Popovic, T.J. Roberts Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
	MuSTAR is an accelerator-driven molten-salt sub-critical reactor based on recent superconducting RF technological breakthroughs that allow a highly efficient and powerful proton accelerator to drive a spallation target inside a graphite-moderated, thermal-spectrum reactor. The additional spallation neutrons can be used to overcome the absorption of neutrons by fission products to allow a deeper burn than is possible with critical reactor designs. Simulations have shown that as much as seven times the energy that was extracted from used fuel from light water reactors can be produced by this method before the accelerator demands significant power from the reactor. Once the fuel rods have been converted from oxide ceramics to fluoride salts, in a process that is proliferation resistant (not chemical reprocessing), the fuel can be burned for centuries without increasing its volume while reducing its radio-toxicity. Our 2017 GAIN voucher grant supported studies by ORNL, SRNL, and INL to design and cost a Fuel Processing Plant to convert used nuclear fuel into the molten-salt fuel for MuSTAR. Based on those studies, it seems possible to build Mu*STAR systems on existing sites where used fuel is stored, convert it to fluoride salts, and use it to provide affordable carbon-free electricity for centuries.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-THPMP048
About •	paper received ※ 19 May 2019 paper accepted ※ 23 May 2019 issue date ※ 21 June 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

Development of Accelerator Driven Advanced Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Fuel Recycling

4389

Y. He, L. Gu, Y. He, Z. Qin, Z.G. Wang, Z.J. Wang, L. Yang, J.H. Zhang, X. Zhang, H.S. Xu
IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
W.-L. Zhan
CAS, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

The proposed Accelerator Driven Advanced Nuclear Energy System (ADANES) is a new closed nuclear energy cycle system, aimed at improving the utilization rate of nuclear fuels, enhancing nuclear safety, reducing the nuclear proliferation, and at becoming a sustainable and low-carbon energy supply for thousands of years. The ADANES system consists of fuel burner similar to the Accelerator Driven System (ADS), used nuclear fuel processing and recycle system. Recently, several prototypes and developments for key technologies have been made, such as 25 MeV proton superconducting linac, granular flow spallation target, a new-design reactor, key process of used nuclear fuel, and others. This talk will present ADANES development and status of key technology R&D.

Slides TUYPLS2 [15.580 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-TUYPLS2

About •

paper received ※ 20 May 2019 paper accepted ※ 16 June 2019 issue date ※ 21 June 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPMP008

Feasibility Study on Mo-99 Production Using Hybrid Method Based on High Power Electron Accelerator

3462

SUSPFO034

use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code

A. Taghibi Khotbeh-Sara, F. Rahmani
KNTU, Tehran, Iran
F. Ghasemi
NSTRI, Tehran, Iran
H. Khalafi
AEOI, Tehran, Iran
M. Mohseni Kejani
Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

In this study, the idea 99Mo production using hybrid method based on electron accelerator has been pre-sented. Two different main production channels of 100Mo(γ,n)99Mo and 98Mo(n,γ)99Mo can be used for 99Mo production in this system. By considering high power Linac (30 MeV, 1 mA in average beam current) and one-stage approach, the calculation of 100Mo(γ,n)99Mo reactions in the optimized 100Mo target in two different designs (strip and disc) has been simu-lated. It is predicted that about 61 and 53 Ci of 99Mo activity per 24-hour irradiation on the strip target and the disc plates can be achieved, respectively. The threshold energy of photoneutron at 100Mo is about 9 MeV, so a large part of bremsstrahlung photons cannot participate in photoneutron reaction. For feasibility study, new hybrid approach has been tested by 10 MeV Rhodotron. Due to the low threshold of photo-neutron in deuteron (about 2.2 MeV) and significant low energy photons in 100Mo, photoneutron flux is available. So, Molybdenum target in heavy water Tank increases the production yield of 99Mo using neutron absorption reaction in 98Mo. The total activity of 99Mo has been predicted about 0.23 Ci per 24 hours e-beam irradiation.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-THPMP008

About •

paper received ※ 15 May 2019 paper accepted ※ 22 May 2019 issue date ※ 21 June 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPMP044

Radiation Hard Sensor for Reactor Applications

3545

R.J. Abrams, M.A. Cummings, R.P. Johnson, T.J. Roberts
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
D.M. Kaplan
Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA

A novel method of measuring temperature of the coolant inside a reactor core is presented. The method, which is both standoff and non-invasive, is based on the interaction between an ultrasonic pulse and a delayed light pulse in the coolant. In the interaction, the light pulse, which is scattered backward by Brillouin scattering, is frequency-shifted. The frequency shift is dependent on the temperature and other parameters of the coolant. The light pulses and the ultrasound pulses are generated and detected outside of the core.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-THPMP044

About •

paper received ※ 14 May 2019 paper accepted ※ 23 May 2019 issue date ※ 21 June 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPMP047

Advanced Modeling and Optimization of Thermionic Energy Converters

3552

J.P. Edelen, N.M. Cook, C.C. Hall, Y. Hu
RadiaSoft LLC, Boulder, Colorado, USA
J.-L. Vay
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics under Award Number DE-SC0017162
Thermionic energy converters (TEC) are a class of thermoelectric devices, which promise improvements to the efficiency and cost of both small- and large-scale electricity generation. A TEC is comprised of a narrowly-separated thermionic emitter and an anode. Simple structures are often space-charge limited as operating temperatures produce currents exceeding the Child-Langmuir limit. We present results from 3D simulations of these devices using the particle-in-cell code Warp, developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. We demonstrate improvements to the Warp code permitting high fidelity simulations of complex device geometries. These improvements include modeling of non-conformal geometries using mesh refinement and cut-cells with a dielectric solver, in addition to importing geometries directly from standard CAD output. In this paper we showcase some of these new features and demonstrate their use.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-THPMP047

About •

paper received ※ 14 May 2019 paper accepted ※ 22 May 2019 issue date ※ 21 June 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPMP048

Mu*STAR: A Modular Accelerator-Driven Subcritical Reactor Design

3555

R.P. Johnson, R.J. Abrams, M.A. Cummings, J.D. Lobo, M. Popovic, T.J. Roberts
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA

Mu*STAR is an accelerator-driven molten-salt sub-critical reactor based on recent superconducting RF technological breakthroughs that allow a highly efficient and powerful proton accelerator to drive a spallation target inside a graphite-moderated, thermal-spectrum reactor. The additional spallation neutrons can be used to overcome the absorption of neutrons by fission products to allow a deeper burn than is possible with critical reactor designs. Simulations have shown that as much as seven times the energy that was extracted from used fuel from light water reactors can be produced by this method before the accelerator demands significant power from the reactor. Once the fuel rods have been converted from oxide ceramics to fluoride salts, in a process that is proliferation resistant (not chemical reprocessing), the fuel can be burned for centuries without increasing its volume while reducing its radio-toxicity. Our 2017 GAIN voucher grant supported studies by ORNL, SRNL, and INL to design and cost a Fuel Processing Plant to convert used nuclear fuel into the molten-salt fuel for Mu*STAR. Based on those studies, it seems possible to build Mu*STAR systems on existing sites where used fuel is stored, convert it to fluoride salts, and use it to provide affordable carbon-free electricity for centuries.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-THPMP048

About •

paper received ※ 19 May 2019 paper accepted ※ 23 May 2019 issue date ※ 21 June 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)