ECRIS2012 - List of Authors (Zhao, H.W.)

Paper

Title

Page

Development of Intense Proton ECR Ion Sources at IMP

64

Z.M. Zhang, Z.W. Liu, H.Y. Ma, L.T. Sun, Q. Wu, Y. Yang, W.H. Zhang, X.Z. Zhang, H.W. Zhao
IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China

Since 1997, there have been two ECR ion sources for producing intense proton beam developed at Institute of Modern Physics (IMP). In 1999, a high current 2.45 GHz ECR proton source for Lanzhou university neutron generator, was constructed and tested at IMP. A mixed ion (H¹⁺ + H²⁺ + H³⁺) beam current of 110 mA with CW mode was delivered from a single aperture of 6mm diameter with microwave power of 600 W at the extraction voltage of 22 kV. Recently a new pulsed proton source has been designed and built at IMP for the CPHS (Compact Pulse Hadron Source) facility in Tsinghua University. Now this source is under commissioning for 60 mA proton beam with 50 keV energy. The long time running stability and beam emittance have been tested and the results are well up to the requirements of CPHS. In this paper, after a short review of the proton ion source for Lanzhou University, the design and test results of the CPHS proton source as well as the LEBT will be presented. The design of the proton ion source and the LEBT for the Chinese ADS project will also be discussed in the contents.

WEPP13

Development Update of the LECR4 Ion Source - Dragon at IMP

133

W. Lu, B.H. Ma, L.T. Sun, H. Wang, D. Xie, X.Z. Zhang, H.W. Zhao
IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
L. Ruan, B. Xiong
IEE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

A new room temperature ECR ion source, LECR4-DRAGON to operate at 18 GHz, is under development for the SSC-LINAC project at IMP. In comparison to other room temperature ECRISs, one unique feature of LECR4-DRAGON is that its plasma chamber is of ID 126 mm that is the biggest chamber for a room temperature ECRIS and the same as the superconducting ECR ion source SECRAL. Because the project funding requests testing a different magnet cooling scheme, solid quadrate copper coils cooled by medium evaporation at about 50^oC are to be used to produce a maximum axial magnetic field of about 2.5 T at injection and 1.4 T at the extraction, which are similar to SECRAL operating at 18 GHz. Furthermore, a large bore non-Halbach permanent sextupole with staggered structure has been under fabrication which can produce a radial magnetic field reaching 1.5 T at the plasma chamber wall for operation at 18 GHz. The progress updates and discussions of this new ion source will be presented in this paper.

THXO01

Optimization of the New SC Magnetic Structure Design with a Hybrid Magnet

149

D. Xie, W. Lu, L.Z. Ma, L.T. Sun, X.Z. Zhang, H.W. Zhao, L. Zhu
IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China

In the development of the next generation ECRISs, so far either a set of full NbTi or full Nb₃Sn magnets has been proposed to construct the magnet system. However, the single set of magnets may not be the optimum in terms of the field strength and configuration. An optimization of the new SC magnetic structure with a set of hybrid magnets (NbTi and Nb₃Sn) is being investigated. With the hybrid magnet the optimized new magnetic system is capable of producing field maxima of 9.0 T on axis and 4.0 T at the plasma wall, which are 30 and 10% higher than the previously proposed magnetic structure to be built with a set of full NbTi magnets. In addition, the axial length of the optimized magnetic structure has been slightly shrunk resulting in a more compact system. This new magnetic field profile is high enough for operation frequency up to 56 GHz. The design features and the preliminary force/stress analyses of the optimized new SC magnetic structure will be presented and discussed.

Slides THXO01 [2.603 MB]

THXO04

SECRAL status and future challenge

H.W. Zhao, W. Lu, L.T. Sun, D. Xie, X.Z. Zhang
IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China

SECRAL, the superconducting ECR ion source at IMP, has been in routine operation for the HIRFL accelerator complex since May 2007. The total operation beam time provided by SECRAL has so far exceeded 9500 hours. In most cases SECRAL has been operating at 18 GHz for the accelerator complex, and only operating at 24 GHz for the very high charge states and very heavy ion beams such as Bi and U beams. Uranium beam was tested at 24 GHz with ion sputtering in which 160 eμA of ²³⁸U³³⁺ was produced, and ²³⁸U³²⁺ beam was delivered to the accelerator continuously for almost one month. Beam long-term stability and emittance at high rf power of 24 GHz were studied. The operation status and the latest performance of SECRAL ion source will be presented. A new heavy ion accelerator facility HIAF has been proposed at IMP. HIAF requests an ion source capable of producing a pulse beam of 2.0 emA of ²³⁸U³⁴⁺. A next generation superconducting ECR ion source with operating frequency up to 50-60 GHz is under consideration in which a few options for the superconducting magnet configuration are being studied. Technical challenges for the next generation ECR ion source will be reviewed.

Slides THXO04 [12.086 MB]

FRXA02

All Permanent Magnet ECR Ion Source Development and Operation Status at IMP

185

L.T. Sun, Y. Cao, J.Q. Li, J.Y. Li, B.H. Ma, H. Wang, J.W. Xia, D. Xie, W.H. Zhang, X.Z. Zhang, H.W. Zhao
IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China

All permanent magnet ECR ion sources have many advantages over traditional ECR ion sources composed of several axial room temperature solenoids and one permanent magnet hexapole magnet, which make them the first choice for many heavy ion facilities and platforms. At IMP, three types of all permanent magnet ECR ion sources have been built for different applications, i.e. the very compact ECR ion source LAPECR1 for intense mono or multi charge state ion beam production, the LAPECR2 ion source installed on the 320 kV high voltage multidisciplinary platform, and the LAPECR3 ion source dedicated to C⁵⁺ beam production for the cancer therapy facility. In this paper, after a general discussion of the ion sources' design, the applications and the operation status of the IMP all permanent magnet ECR ion sources will be presented.

Slides FRXA02 [6.380 MB]

Paper	Title	Page
TUPP13	Development of Intense Proton ECR Ion Sources at IMP	64
	Z.M. Zhang, Z.W. Liu, H.Y. Ma, L.T. Sun, Q. Wu, Y. Yang, W.H. Zhang, X.Z. Zhang, H.W. Zhao IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
	Since 1997, there have been two ECR ion sources for producing intense proton beam developed at Institute of Modern Physics (IMP). In 1999, a high current 2.45 GHz ECR proton source for Lanzhou university neutron generator, was constructed and tested at IMP. A mixed ion (H¹⁺ + H²⁺ + H³⁺) beam current of 110 mA with CW mode was delivered from a single aperture of 6mm diameter with microwave power of 600 W at the extraction voltage of 22 kV. Recently a new pulsed proton source has been designed and built at IMP for the CPHS (Compact Pulse Hadron Source) facility in Tsinghua University. Now this source is under commissioning for 60 mA proton beam with 50 keV energy. The long time running stability and beam emittance have been tested and the results are well up to the requirements of CPHS. In this paper, after a short review of the proton ion source for Lanzhou University, the design and test results of the CPHS proton source as well as the LEBT will be presented. The design of the proton ion source and the LEBT for the Chinese ADS project will also be discussed in the contents.

WEPP13	Development Update of the LECR4 Ion Source - Dragon at IMP	133
	W. Lu, B.H. Ma, L.T. Sun, H. Wang, D. Xie, X.Z. Zhang, H.W. Zhao IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China L. Ruan, B. Xiong IEE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	A new room temperature ECR ion source, LECR4-DRAGON to operate at 18 GHz, is under development for the SSC-LINAC project at IMP. In comparison to other room temperature ECRISs, one unique feature of LECR4-DRAGON is that its plasma chamber is of ID 126 mm that is the biggest chamber for a room temperature ECRIS and the same as the superconducting ECR ion source SECRAL. Because the project funding requests testing a different magnet cooling scheme, solid quadrate copper coils cooled by medium evaporation at about 50^oC are to be used to produce a maximum axial magnetic field of about 2.5 T at injection and 1.4 T at the extraction, which are similar to SECRAL operating at 18 GHz. Furthermore, a large bore non-Halbach permanent sextupole with staggered structure has been under fabrication which can produce a radial magnetic field reaching 1.5 T at the plasma chamber wall for operation at 18 GHz. The progress updates and discussions of this new ion source will be presented in this paper.

THXO01	Optimization of the New SC Magnetic Structure Design with a Hybrid Magnet	149
	D. Xie, W. Lu, L.Z. Ma, L.T. Sun, X.Z. Zhang, H.W. Zhao, L. Zhu IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
	In the development of the next generation ECRISs, so far either a set of full NbTi or full Nb₃Sn magnets has been proposed to construct the magnet system. However, the single set of magnets may not be the optimum in terms of the field strength and configuration. An optimization of the new SC magnetic structure with a set of hybrid magnets (NbTi and Nb₃Sn) is being investigated. With the hybrid magnet the optimized new magnetic system is capable of producing field maxima of 9.0 T on axis and 4.0 T at the plasma wall, which are 30 and 10% higher than the previously proposed magnetic structure to be built with a set of full NbTi magnets. In addition, the axial length of the optimized magnetic structure has been slightly shrunk resulting in a more compact system. This new magnetic field profile is high enough for operation frequency up to 56 GHz. The design features and the preliminary force/stress analyses of the optimized new SC magnetic structure will be presented and discussed.
	Slides THXO01 [2.603 MB]

THXO04	SECRAL status and future challenge
	H.W. Zhao, W. Lu, L.T. Sun, D. Xie, X.Z. Zhang IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
	SECRAL, the superconducting ECR ion source at IMP, has been in routine operation for the HIRFL accelerator complex since May 2007. The total operation beam time provided by SECRAL has so far exceeded 9500 hours. In most cases SECRAL has been operating at 18 GHz for the accelerator complex, and only operating at 24 GHz for the very high charge states and very heavy ion beams such as Bi and U beams. Uranium beam was tested at 24 GHz with ion sputtering in which 160 eμA of ²³⁸U³³⁺ was produced, and ²³⁸U³²⁺ beam was delivered to the accelerator continuously for almost one month. Beam long-term stability and emittance at high rf power of 24 GHz were studied. The operation status and the latest performance of SECRAL ion source will be presented. A new heavy ion accelerator facility HIAF has been proposed at IMP. HIAF requests an ion source capable of producing a pulse beam of 2.0 emA of ²³⁸U³⁴⁺. A next generation superconducting ECR ion source with operating frequency up to 50-60 GHz is under consideration in which a few options for the superconducting magnet configuration are being studied. Technical challenges for the next generation ECR ion source will be reviewed.
	Slides THXO04 [12.086 MB]

FRXA02	All Permanent Magnet ECR Ion Source Development and Operation Status at IMP	185
	L.T. Sun, Y. Cao, J.Q. Li, J.Y. Li, B.H. Ma, H. Wang, J.W. Xia, D. Xie, W.H. Zhang, X.Z. Zhang, H.W. Zhao IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
	All permanent magnet ECR ion sources have many advantages over traditional ECR ion sources composed of several axial room temperature solenoids and one permanent magnet hexapole magnet, which make them the first choice for many heavy ion facilities and platforms. At IMP, three types of all permanent magnet ECR ion sources have been built for different applications, i.e. the very compact ECR ion source LAPECR1 for intense mono or multi charge state ion beam production, the LAPECR2 ion source installed on the 320 kV high voltage multidisciplinary platform, and the LAPECR3 ion source dedicated to C⁵⁺ beam production for the cancer therapy facility. In this paper, after a general discussion of the ion sources' design, the applications and the operation status of the IMP all permanent magnet ECR ion sources will be presented.
	Slides FRXA02 [6.380 MB]