RuPAC2021 - List of Keywords (space-charge)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOY05	Linear Induction Accelerator LIA-2 Upgrade	cathode, simulation, focusing, induction	17
	D.A. Starostenko BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
	X-ray complexes based on a linear induction accelerator are designed to study of high density objects. It requires of high-current electron beam to obtain a small spot and bright x-ray source using a conversion target. The electrons source in such installations is injectors capable generate pulses with a duration from tens of nanoseconds to several microseconds and a current of several kiloamperes. The transportation and focusing such beams into diameter about 1 mm is difficult due to of the space charge effect. In similar induction accelerators (DARHT, AIRIX, FXR, etc.), auto-emission cathodes are used to obtain high-current electron beams. The use of a thermionic cathode, in compared to auto-emission cathode, provides stable generation of several pulses with a time interval of several microseconds, but makes high requirements on the injector vacuum system: not less than 10^-7 Torr.
	Slides MOY05 [3.946 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOY05
About •	Received ※ 24 September 2021 — Revised ※ 05 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 13 October 2021 — Issued ※ 23 October 2021
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPSB12	Development of a Program Code for Calculation of Charged Particle Dynamics in RFQ	rfq, simulation, acceleration, quadrupole	256
	A.S. Boriskov, A.M. Opekunov, L.E. Polyakov, N.V. Zavyalov RFNC-VNIIEF, Sarov, Nizhniy Novgorod region, Russia M.L. Smetanin, A.V. Telnov VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia
	The calculation of charged particles dynamics is the initial stage in the development of an accelerator. The advancement of computer technology makes it possible to calculate particle dynamics using numerical methods with a required accuracy. During beam dynamics calculation it is necessary to take into account RF field force and self-induced Coulomb forces which also have an effect on charged particles. In this paper a model of «large particles» was chosen to simulate a space charge effect. To implement this model, a program code was written using parallel computing tools in the «C» programming language in the CUDA toolkit. The dynamics of ions with a ratio A / Z from 1 to 3.2 (A - the mass number, Z - the charge state of the ion) in the RFQ structure was calculated. The operating frequency of structure is 81.25 MHz, output energy is up to 820 keV / nucleon. Output beam characteristics (relative velocity, particle capture coefficient, beam profile, transverse emittances, longitudinal phase portrait) were determined. These results were verified by the BEAMDULAC-RFQ program. Polozov S. M., Prob. of Atomic Sci. and Tech., 3 (79), 2012, pp. 131-136.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB12
About •	Received ※ 30 September 2021 — Revised ※ 01 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 14 October 2021
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPSB17	Investigations of Charge Particle Dynamics in Space Charge Fields	ECR, gun, site, experiment	265
	A.S. Chikhachev Allrussian Electrotechnical Institute, Moskow, Russia
	The work examines the transient dynamics of single-component systems. The problem on dynamics of flat layer and spherical symmetric configuration is considered. A classical collision-free system is considered, described using the "Meshchersky integral" and the "conjugate" integral of motion. States characterized by constant charge in non-stationary coordinates are obtained
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB17
About •	Received ※ 09 September 2021 — Revised ※ 20 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 23 September 2021 — Issued ※ 23 September 2021
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPSB39	Study of Space Charge Compensation Process of a 400 KeV Pulsed Hydrogen Ion Beam	electron, plasma, focusing, ion-source	313
	A. Belov, O.T. Frolov, S.A. Gavrilov, L.P. Nechaeva, A.V. Turbabin, V. Zubets RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia
	Funding: Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia A three grid energy analyzer of slow secondary ions with a twin analyzing grid is described. The analyzer has cylindrical geometry and Pi angle for recording of the slow ions. The analyzer has been used for measurements of degree of space-charge compensation (SCC) of a pulsed hydrogen ion beam with energy of 400 keV and peak beam current of 60 mA. Results of the measurements are presented and compared with theoretical estimations based on model in which the SCC degree is limited by heating of electrons in collisions with fast ions of the beam.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB39
About •	Received ※ 20 September 2021 — Revised ※ 05 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 16 October 2021
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPSB47	Stability Conditions for a Penning Trap with Rotating Quadrupole or Dipole Electric Fields	quadrupole, dipole, experiment, synchrotron	324
	A.D. Ovsyannikov Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
	The dynamics of particles in a Penning Malmberg Surko trap with Rotating Wall (rotating quadrupole and/or dipole electric field) and a buffer gas is considered. Electromagnetic traps are widely used for the accumulation and confinement of charged particles during various experiments in nuclear and accelerator physics, mass spectroscopy, and other fields. Traps are the main element of sources of charged particles in accelerators. An especially important role is played by traps with efficient accumulation during operation (in a cyclic mode) of ion synchrotrons and colliders with short-lived isotopes. The purpose of this work was to develop algorithms for constructing regions of asymptotic stability (according to Lyapunov) in the space of parameters describing additional rotating electric fields, and to determine the analytical conditions that must be satisfied by the trap parameters to achieve a given degree of stability. The influence of the space charge of a beam of accumulated particles on the stability of the system is also investigated. The calculation results and the proposed models can be used in the selection and adjustment of the main parameters of the designed traps of the considered type.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB47
About •	Received ※ 30 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 15 October 2021
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPSC15	Barrier Station RF1 of the NICA Collider. Design Features and Influence on Beam Dynamics	collider, impedance, injection, simulation	373
	A.M. Malyshev, A.A. Krasnov, Ya.G. Kruchkov, S.A. Krutikhin, G.Y. Kurkin, A.Yu. Martynovsky, N.V. Mityanina, S.V. Motygin, A.A. Murasev, V.N. Osipov, V.M. Petrov, A.M. Pilan, E. Rotov, V.V. Tarnetsky, A.G. Tribendis, I.A. Zapryagaev, A.A. Zhukov BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia O.I. Brovko, I.N. Meshkov, E. Syresin JINR/VBLHEP, Moscow, Russia I.N. Meshkov Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia E. Rotov NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia A.G. Tribendis NSTU, Novosibirsk, Russia
	This paper reports on the design features and con-struction progress of the barrier bucket RF systems for the NICA collider being built at JINR, Dubna. Each of two collider rings has three RF systems named RF1 to 3. RF1 is a barrier bucket system used for particles capturing and accumulation during injection, RF2 and 3 are resonant systems operating at 22nd and 66th harmonics of the revolution frequency and used for the 22 bunches formation. The RF systems are de-signed by Budker INP. Both RF1 stations were manu-factured, delivered to JINR and tested at the stand. The test results are presented in the article, as well as some results of calculating the effect of the RF1 system on the beam dynamics.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-WEPSC15
About •	Received ※ 24 September 2021 — Revised ※ 26 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 27 September 2021 — Issued ※ 18 October 2021
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPSC16	Numerical Research of Design Solutions for the Bending Magnets of the Electron Beam Facility GESA-1M	electron, target, simulation, site	376
	N.I. Kazachenko, E.I. Gapionok, V.P. Kukhtin, I.Yu. Rodin, K.I. Tkachenko NIIEFA, St. Petersburg, Russia D.A. Ovsyannikov, S.E. Sytchevsky Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
	Comparative simulations of magnet configurations have been performed searching for the optimum design of bending magnets for the intense pulsed electron beam facility GESA-1M. GESA-1M is used for improvement of material surface properties and is capable to generate a 120 kV, 10 A/cm², 50 mks electron beam with the diameter of 10 cm. One of specific concerns is to prevent the beam path from contamination withμparticles of treated materials. To overcome this problem a system of bending magnets is used. The beam trajectory through electric and magnetic fields was simulated for three candidate configurations of the bending magnets. A comparison was focused on the expected power density and divergence angle at the target. The most efficient concept was found to be two pairs of coils arranged orthogonally to each other. This configuration produces highly uniform distribution of the current density at the target, the divergence angle being as low as several degrees. An important advantage is that the initial beam power can be intensified by a 20% at the target.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-WEPSC16
About •	Received ※ 28 September 2021 — Revised ※ 29 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 19 October 2021
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THC03	Numerical Simulations of Space Charge Dominated Beam Dynamics in Experimentally Optimized PITZ RF Photogun	cathode, electron, experiment, laser	89
	V.I. Rashchikov, S.M. Polozov MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
	Funding: The reported study was partly funded by RFBR, project number 19-29-12036 Discrepancies between experimental data and comput-er simulation results of picosecond highly charged beam photoemission are discussed. New space charge limited emission numerical model with positively charged ions arising in the cathode region and dynamically changing during the emission is presented. Estimates on the time characteristics of the charge migrating process in the semiconductor region are given. The numerical results are compared with the results of other numerical models and with experimental observations at the Photo Injector Test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ)
	Slides THC03 [1.292 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-THC03
About •	Received ※ 21 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 23 September 2021 — Issued ※ 17 October 2021
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOY05

Linear Induction Accelerator LIA-2 Upgrade

cathode, simulation, focusing, induction

17

D.A. Starostenko
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

X-ray complexes based on a linear induction accelerator are designed to study of high density objects. It requires of high-current electron beam to obtain a small spot and bright x-ray source using a conversion target. The electrons source in such installations is injectors capable generate pulses with a duration from tens of nanoseconds to several microseconds and a current of several kiloamperes. The transportation and focusing such beams into diameter about 1 mm is difficult due to of the space charge effect. In similar induction accelerators (DARHT, AIRIX, FXR, etc.), auto-emission cathodes are used to obtain high-current electron beams. The use of a thermionic cathode, in compared to auto-emission cathode, provides stable generation of several pulses with a time interval of several microseconds, but makes high requirements on the injector vacuum system: not less than 10^-7 Torr.

Slides MOY05 [3.946 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-MOY05

About •

Received ※ 24 September 2021 — Revised ※ 05 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 13 October 2021 — Issued ※ 23 October 2021

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPSB12

Development of a Program Code for Calculation of Charged Particle Dynamics in RFQ

rfq, simulation, acceleration, quadrupole

256

A.S. Boriskov, A.M. Opekunov, L.E. Polyakov, N.V. Zavyalov
RFNC-VNIIEF, Sarov, Nizhniy Novgorod region, Russia
M.L. Smetanin, A.V. Telnov
VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia

The calculation of charged particles dynamics is the initial stage in the development of an accelerator. The advancement of computer technology makes it possible to calculate particle dynamics using numerical methods with a required accuracy. During beam dynamics calculation it is necessary to take into account RF field force and self-induced Coulomb forces which also have an effect on charged particles. In this paper a model of «large particles» was chosen to simulate a space charge effect. To implement this model, a program code was written using parallel computing tools in the «C» programming language in the CUDA toolkit. The dynamics of ions with a ratio A / Z from 1 to 3.2 (A - the mass number, Z - the charge state of the ion) in the RFQ structure was calculated. The operating frequency of structure is 81.25 MHz, output energy is up to 820 keV / nucleon. Output beam characteristics (relative velocity, particle capture coefficient, beam profile, transverse emittances, longitudinal phase portrait) were determined. These results were verified by the BEAMDULAC-RFQ program*.
* Polozov S. M., Prob. of Atomic Sci. and Tech., 3 (79), 2012, pp. 131-136.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB12

About •

Received ※ 30 September 2021 — Revised ※ 01 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 14 October 2021

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPSB17

Investigations of Charge Particle Dynamics in Space Charge Fields

ECR, gun, site, experiment

265

A.S. Chikhachev
Allrussian Electrotechnical Institute, Moskow, Russia

The work examines the transient dynamics of single-component systems. The problem on dynamics of flat layer and spherical symmetric configuration is considered. A classical collision-free system is considered, described using the "Meshchersky integral" and the "conjugate" integral of motion. States characterized by constant charge in non-stationary coordinates are obtained

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB17

About •

Received ※ 09 September 2021 — Revised ※ 20 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 23 September 2021 — Issued ※ 23 September 2021

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPSB39

Study of Space Charge Compensation Process of a 400 KeV Pulsed Hydrogen Ion Beam

electron, plasma, focusing, ion-source

313

A. Belov, O.T. Frolov, S.A. Gavrilov, L.P. Nechaeva, A.V. Turbabin, V. Zubets
RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia

Funding: Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
A three grid energy analyzer of slow secondary ions with a twin analyzing grid is described. The analyzer has cylindrical geometry and Pi angle for recording of the slow ions. The analyzer has been used for measurements of degree of space-charge compensation (SCC) of a pulsed hydrogen ion beam with energy of 400 keV and peak beam current of 60 mA. Results of the measurements are presented and compared with theoretical estimations based on model in which the SCC degree is limited by heating of electrons in collisions with fast ions of the beam.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB39

About •

Received ※ 20 September 2021 — Revised ※ 05 October 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 16 October 2021

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPSB47

Stability Conditions for a Penning Trap with Rotating Quadrupole or Dipole Electric Fields

quadrupole, dipole, experiment, synchrotron

324

A.D. Ovsyannikov
Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia

The dynamics of particles in a Penning Malmberg Surko trap with Rotating Wall (rotating quadrupole and/or dipole electric field) and a buffer gas is considered. Electromagnetic traps are widely used for the accumulation and confinement of charged particles during various experiments in nuclear and accelerator physics, mass spectroscopy, and other fields. Traps are the main element of sources of charged particles in accelerators. An especially important role is played by traps with efficient accumulation during operation (in a cyclic mode) of ion synchrotrons and colliders with short-lived isotopes. The purpose of this work was to develop algorithms for constructing regions of asymptotic stability (according to Lyapunov) in the space of parameters describing additional rotating electric fields, and to determine the analytical conditions that must be satisfied by the trap parameters to achieve a given degree of stability. The influence of the space charge of a beam of accumulated particles on the stability of the system is also investigated. The calculation results and the proposed models can be used in the selection and adjustment of the main parameters of the designed traps of the considered type.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-TUPSB47

About •

Received ※ 30 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 15 October 2021

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPSC15

Barrier Station RF1 of the NICA Collider. Design Features and Influence on Beam Dynamics

collider, impedance, injection, simulation

373

A.M. Malyshev, A.A. Krasnov, Ya.G. Kruchkov, S.A. Krutikhin, G.Y. Kurkin, A.Yu. Martynovsky, N.V. Mityanina, S.V. Motygin, A.A. Murasev, V.N. Osipov, V.M. Petrov, A.M. Pilan, E. Rotov, V.V. Tarnetsky, A.G. Tribendis, I.A. Zapryagaev, A.A. Zhukov
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
O.I. Brovko, I.N. Meshkov, E. Syresin
JINR/VBLHEP, Moscow, Russia
I.N. Meshkov
Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
E. Rotov
NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
A.G. Tribendis
NSTU, Novosibirsk, Russia

This paper reports on the design features and con-struction progress of the barrier bucket RF systems for the NICA collider being built at JINR, Dubna. Each of two collider rings has three RF systems named RF1 to 3. RF1 is a barrier bucket system used for particles capturing and accumulation during injection, RF2 and 3 are resonant systems operating at 22nd and 66th harmonics of the revolution frequency and used for the 22 bunches formation. The RF systems are de-signed by Budker INP. Both RF1 stations were manu-factured, delivered to JINR and tested at the stand. The test results are presented in the article, as well as some results of calculating the effect of the RF1 system on the beam dynamics.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-WEPSC15

About •

Received ※ 24 September 2021 — Revised ※ 26 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 27 September 2021 — Issued ※ 18 October 2021

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPSC16

Numerical Research of Design Solutions for the Bending Magnets of the Electron Beam Facility GESA-1M

electron, target, simulation, site

376

N.I. Kazachenko, E.I. Gapionok, V.P. Kukhtin, I.Yu. Rodin, K.I. Tkachenko
NIIEFA, St. Petersburg, Russia
D.A. Ovsyannikov, S.E. Sytchevsky
Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia

Comparative simulations of magnet configurations have been performed searching for the optimum design of bending magnets for the intense pulsed electron beam facility GESA-1M. GESA-1M is used for improvement of material surface properties and is capable to generate a 120 kV, 10 A/cm², 50 mks electron beam with the diameter of 10 cm. One of specific concerns is to prevent the beam path from contamination withμparticles of treated materials. To overcome this problem a system of bending magnets is used. The beam trajectory through electric and magnetic fields was simulated for three candidate configurations of the bending magnets. A comparison was focused on the expected power density and divergence angle at the target. The most efficient concept was found to be two pairs of coils arranged orthogonally to each other. This configuration produces highly uniform distribution of the current density at the target, the divergence angle being as low as several degrees. An important advantage is that the initial beam power can be intensified by a 20% at the target.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-WEPSC16

About •

Received ※ 28 September 2021 — Revised ※ 29 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 09 October 2021 — Issued ※ 19 October 2021

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THC03

Numerical Simulations of Space Charge Dominated Beam Dynamics in Experimentally Optimized PITZ RF Photogun

cathode, electron, experiment, laser

89

V.I. Rashchikov, S.M. Polozov
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia

Funding: The reported study was partly funded by RFBR, project number 19-29-12036
Discrepancies between experimental data and comput-er simulation results of picosecond highly charged beam photoemission are discussed. New space charge limited emission numerical model with positively charged ions arising in the cathode region and dynamically changing during the emission is presented. Estimates on the time characteristics of the charge migrating process in the semiconductor region are given. The numerical results are compared with the results of other numerical models and with experimental observations at the Photo Injector Test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ)

Slides THC03 [1.292 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2021-THC03

About •

Received ※ 21 September 2021 — Accepted ※ 23 September 2021 — Issued ※ 17 October 2021

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)