IPAC2016 - Classification: 08 Applications of Accelerators / U02 Materials Analysis and Modification

Paper	Title	Page
TUPMB016	Continuous-Wave Electron Linear Accelerators for Industrial Applications	1142
	D.S. Yurov, A.S. Alimov, B.S. Ishkanov, V.I. Shvedunov MSU, Moscow, Russia
	Based on SINP MSU experience in developing continuous wave (CW) normal conducting (NC) electron linacs, we propose an optimal design for such accelerators with beam energy of up to 10 MeV and average beam power of up to several hundred kW. As an example of such design, we discuss the 1 MeV industrial CW linac with maximum beam power of 25 kW, which was recently commissioned at SINP MSU.
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TUPOY032	Design and Simulation of a Thermionic Electron Gun for a 1 MeV Parallel Feed Cockcroft-Walton Industrial Accelerator	1976
	M. Nazari, F. Abbasi Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran F. Ghasemi NSTRI, Tehran, Iran M. Jafarzadeh ILSF, Tehran, Iran
	Electron accelerators are made of different parts and one of the main part of every electron accelerator is its electron gun. In this article a diode electron gun is designed and simulated for a 1MeV parallel feed Cockcroft-Walton accelerator for industrial applications. The pierce configuration is selected for focusing electrode. Simulations are carried out using CST Particle Studio. The gun is thermionic with indirect heating of spherical dispenser cathode that is made from porous tungsten which is impregnated with barium compounds. The gun maximum achievable current is 200 mA at 10 kV and required current in our accelerator is about 100 mA.
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TUPOY033	Design, Simulation and Comparison of Electrostatic Accelerating Tubes for a 1MeV Parallel Feed Cockcroft-Walton Industrial Accelerator	1979
	M. Nazari, F. Abbasi Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran F. Ghasemi NSTRI, Tehran, Iran M. Jafarzadeh ILSF, Tehran, Iran
	In this article accelerating tubes whit different geometries and different constructions are designed and simulated for a 1 MeV parallel feed Cockcroft-Walton electrostatic industrial accelerator. Simulations are carried out using CST Particle Studio. The accelerating tubes with different focusing electrode and accelerating electrode geometries are designed and simulated and compared with each other. Finally whit respect to the comparisons best geometry is selected. In this tube a 1 MV DC voltage is applied at several stages during the accelerating electrodes. Maximum electron beam current in the tube is 200 mA. In this application accelerating electrodes and focusing electrodes are made of stainless steel and insulators between electrodes are made of Borosilicate glass.
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TUPOY036	Diffusion and Thermal Stability of Implanted Hydrogen in ZnO Nanorods	1982
	J.K. Park, Y.-S. Cho, H.-J. Kwon, K.T. Seol, S.P. Yun Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
	Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC operation fund of KAERI by Ministry of Science ICT and Future Planning of Korean Government. The 20-MeV proton-beams with a fluence of 10¹² cm^-2 were irradiated on ZnO nanorods. The effects of proton-beam irradiation on ZnO nanorods are investigated by using ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. After irradiation, new and modified NMR resonance lines are observed in ¹H NMR spectra. The diffusion and thermal stability of each proton species are investigated from the lab- and rotating-frame spin-lattice relaxation data depending on temperature. Understanding the properties of thermally stable hydrogen species created by the beam irradiation may promise many possible applications, since the hydrogen stable up to high temperature only meets the device working conditions.
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TUPOY039	Studies on Electron Linear Accelerator System for Polymer Research	1985
SUPSS113	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	E. Kongmon IST, Chiang Mai, Thailand N. Kangrang Chiang Mai University, PBP Research Facility, Chiang Mai, Thailand S. Rimjaem, J. Saisut, C. Thongbai Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand P. Wichaisirimongkol Chiang Mai University, Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai, Thailand
	This research focuses on modification of an elec-tron linear accelerator system for irradiation of natural rubber latex and polymeric materials at the Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility, Chiang Mai Universi-ty, Thailand. This is in order to study the change of material properties due to electron beam irradiation. The main accelerator system consists of a DC thermi-onic electron gun and a short standing-wave linac. This system will be able to produce electron beams with variable energy in the range of 0.5 to 4 MeV. The linac macro pulse frequency is adjustable within the range of 20 to 1000 Hz. The macro pulse duration is 4 μs. The electron pulse current can be varied from 10 to 100 mA. This lead to the electron dose of about 0.44 to 4.4 Gy-m2/min. In this paper, overview of the accelera-tor and the irradiation system is presented. Results of low-level RF measurements of the accelerating struc-ture are also reported and discussed. This work has been supported by the CMU Junior Research Fellowship Program, the Department of Physics and Material Science, Faculty of science, Chiang Mai University.
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TUPOY040	Advancements in Single-shot Electron Diffraction on VELA at Daresbury Laboratory	1988
	J.W. McKenzie, S.L. Mathisen, M.D. Roper, M. Surman STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom D.M.P. Holland STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom J.G. Underwood UCL, London, United Kingdom
	Electron diffraction on VELA at Daresbury Laboratory was first demonstrated in 2014. Since then, we have studied the machine parameter optimisation for single-shot diffraction patterns from single-crystal gold and silicon samples at bunch charges down to 60 fC. We present bunch length measurements for electron diffraction setups determined with a transverse deflecting cavity. We also discuss the current limitations of VELA for electron diffraction and the improvements to be made.
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TUPOY041	A Metal-Dielectric Micro-Linac for Radiography Source Replacement	1992
	A.V. Smirnov, S. Boucher, S.V. Kutsaev RadiaBeam Systems, Santa Monica, California, USA R.B. Agustsson, R.D.B. Berry, J.J. Hartzell, J. McNevin, A.Y. Murokh RadiaBeam, Santa Monica, California, USA G. Leyh LOD, Brisbane, USA E.A. Savin MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
	Funding: * US Department of Energy Contract # DE-SC0011370 To improve public security and prevent the diversion of radioactive material for Radiation Dispersion Devices, RadiaBeam is developing an inexpensive, portable, easy-to-manufacture linac structure to allow effective capture of a ~13 keV electron beam injected from a conventional electron gun and acceleration to a final energy of ~ 1 MeV. The bremsstrahlung X-rays produced by the electron beam on a high-Z converter at the end of the linac will match the penetration and dose rate of a typical ~100 Ci or more Ir-192 source. The tubular Disk-and-Ring structure under development consists of metal and dielectric elements that reduce or even eliminate multi-cell, multi-step brazing. This may allow significant simplification of the fabrication process to enable inexpensive mass-production required for replacement of the ~55,000 radionuclide sources in the US
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THOAB03	Ultrafast Electron Microscopy using 100 Femtosecond Relativistic-Energy Electron Beam	3183
	J. Yang, K. Kan, K. Tanimura, Y. Yoshida ISIR, Osaka, Japan J. Urakawa KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	An ultrafast detection technique on 100 fs time scales over sub-nanometer (even atomic) spatial dimensions has long been a goal for the scientists to reveal and understand the ultrafast structural-change induced dynamics in materials. In this paper, the generation of femtosecond electron pulses using the RF gun and the first prototype of femtosecond time-resolved relativistic-energy ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) are reported. Finally, both relativistic-energy electron diffraction and image measurements in the UEM prototype are presented.
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FRXAA02	Low Energy Accelerator Mass Spectroscopy (AMS)
	H.-A. Synal ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
	The technical evolution of AMS is summarized. AMS is the most sensitive isotope selective detection method for long-lived radionuclides, capable of measuring isotopic ratios as low as 1:10¹⁶. At present, C-14 is still the most important AMS nuclide but there are many applications of other nuclides such as Be-10, Al-26, Cl-36, Ca-41, I-129, and actinides. A key characteristic of any AMS system is the destruction of molecular interferences and subsequent analyses of atomic ions. In early instruments, highly charged ions (> 3+ ) were used, and fairly high ion energies, and as a consequence, large accelerators were required. Today, 1+ is used, molecular interferences are destroyed in multiple collisions with gas atoms or molecules at energies of a few hundred keV. Thus, C-14 AMS instruments develop towards lab size or tabletop devices. But, low energy AMS is not limited to radiocarbon only and there is a great potential for radionuclides not interfered by nuclear isobars. These developments have launched the wide spread use of AMS in various research fields and has resulted in a boom of new AMS facilities which impact the wide variety of applications of AMS in modern research.
	Slides FRXAA02 [15.830 MB]
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Paper

Title

Page

Continuous-Wave Electron Linear Accelerators for Industrial Applications

1142

D.S. Yurov, A.S. Alimov, B.S. Ishkanov, V.I. Shvedunov
MSU, Moscow, Russia

Based on SINP MSU experience in developing continuous wave (CW) normal conducting (NC) electron linacs, we propose an optimal design for such accelerators with beam energy of up to 10 MeV and average beam power of up to several hundred kW. As an example of such design, we discuss the 1 MeV industrial CW linac with maximum beam power of 25 kW, which was recently commissioned at SINP MSU.

Export •

reference for this paper to ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPOY032

Design and Simulation of a Thermionic Electron Gun for a 1 MeV Parallel Feed Cockcroft-Walton Industrial Accelerator

1976

M. Nazari, F. Abbasi
Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
F. Ghasemi
NSTRI, Tehran, Iran
M. Jafarzadeh
ILSF, Tehran, Iran

Electron accelerators are made of different parts and one of the main part of every electron accelerator is its electron gun. In this article a diode electron gun is designed and simulated for a 1MeV parallel feed Cockcroft-Walton accelerator for industrial applications. The pierce configuration is selected for focusing electrode. Simulations are carried out using CST Particle Studio. The gun is thermionic with indirect heating of spherical dispenser cathode that is made from porous tungsten which is impregnated with barium compounds. The gun maximum achievable current is 200 mA at 10 kV and required current in our accelerator is about 100 mA.

Export •

reference for this paper to ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPOY033

Design, Simulation and Comparison of Electrostatic Accelerating Tubes for a 1MeV Parallel Feed Cockcroft-Walton Industrial Accelerator

1979

M. Nazari, F. Abbasi
Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
F. Ghasemi
NSTRI, Tehran, Iran
M. Jafarzadeh
ILSF, Tehran, Iran

In this article accelerating tubes whit different geometries and different constructions are designed and simulated for a 1 MeV parallel feed Cockcroft-Walton electrostatic industrial accelerator. Simulations are carried out using CST Particle Studio. The accelerating tubes with different focusing electrode and accelerating electrode geometries are designed and simulated and compared with each other. Finally whit respect to the comparisons best geometry is selected. In this tube a 1 MV DC voltage is applied at several stages during the accelerating electrodes. Maximum electron beam current in the tube is 200 mA. In this application accelerating electrodes and focusing electrodes are made of stainless steel and insulators between electrodes are made of Borosilicate glass.

Export •

reference for this paper to ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPOY036

Diffusion and Thermal Stability of Implanted Hydrogen in ZnO Nanorods

1982

J.K. Park, Y.-S. Cho, H.-J. Kwon, K.T. Seol, S.P. Yun
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea

Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC operation fund of KAERI by Ministry of Science ICT and Future Planning of Korean Government.
The 20-MeV proton-beams with a fluence of 10¹² cm^-2 were irradiated on ZnO nanorods. The effects of proton-beam irradiation on ZnO nanorods are investigated by using ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. After irradiation, new and modified NMR resonance lines are observed in ¹H NMR spectra. The diffusion and thermal stability of each proton species are investigated from the lab- and rotating-frame spin-lattice relaxation data depending on temperature. Understanding the properties of thermally stable hydrogen species created by the beam irradiation may promise many possible applications, since the hydrogen stable up to high temperature only meets the device working conditions.

Export •

reference for this paper to ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPOY039

Studies on Electron Linear Accelerator System for Polymer Research

1985

SUPSS113

use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code

E. Kongmon
IST, Chiang Mai, Thailand
N. Kangrang
Chiang Mai University, PBP Research Facility, Chiang Mai, Thailand
S. Rimjaem, J. Saisut, C. Thongbai
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
P. Wichaisirimongkol
Chiang Mai University, Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai, Thailand

This research focuses on modification of an elec-tron linear accelerator system for irradiation of natural rubber latex and polymeric materials at the Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility, Chiang Mai Universi-ty, Thailand. This is in order to study the change of material properties due to electron beam irradiation. The main accelerator system consists of a DC thermi-onic electron gun and a short standing-wave linac. This system will be able to produce electron beams with variable energy in the range of 0.5 to 4 MeV. The linac macro pulse frequency is adjustable within the range of 20 to 1000 Hz. The macro pulse duration is 4 μs. The electron pulse current can be varied from 10 to 100 mA. This lead to the electron dose of about 0.44 to 4.4 Gy-m2/min. In this paper, overview of the accelera-tor and the irradiation system is presented. Results of low-level RF measurements of the accelerating struc-ture are also reported and discussed.
This work has been supported by the CMU Junior Research Fellowship Program, the Department of Physics and Material Science, Faculty of science, Chiang Mai University.

Export •

reference for this paper to ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPOY040

Advancements in Single-shot Electron Diffraction on VELA at Daresbury Laboratory

1988

J.W. McKenzie, S.L. Mathisen, M.D. Roper, M. Surman
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
D.M.P. Holland
STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
J.G. Underwood
UCL, London, United Kingdom

Electron diffraction on VELA at Daresbury Laboratory was first demonstrated in 2014. Since then, we have studied the machine parameter optimisation for single-shot diffraction patterns from single-crystal gold and silicon samples at bunch charges down to 60 fC. We present bunch length measurements for electron diffraction setups determined with a transverse deflecting cavity. We also discuss the current limitations of VELA for electron diffraction and the improvements to be made.

Export •

reference for this paper to ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPOY041

A Metal-Dielectric Micro-Linac for Radiography Source Replacement

1992

A.V. Smirnov, S. Boucher, S.V. Kutsaev
RadiaBeam Systems, Santa Monica, California, USA
R.B. Agustsson, R.D.B. Berry, J.J. Hartzell, J. McNevin, A.Y. Murokh
RadiaBeam, Santa Monica, California, USA
G. Leyh
LOD, Brisbane, USA
E.A. Savin
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia

Funding: * US Department of Energy Contract # DE-SC0011370
To improve public security and prevent the diversion of radioactive material for Radiation Dispersion Devices, RadiaBeam is developing an inexpensive, portable, easy-to-manufacture linac structure to allow effective capture of a ~13 keV electron beam injected from a conventional electron gun and acceleration to a final energy of ~ 1 MeV. The bremsstrahlung X-rays produced by the electron beam on a high-Z converter at the end of the linac will match the penetration and dose rate of a typical ~100 Ci or more Ir-192 source. The tubular Disk-and-Ring structure under development consists of metal and dielectric elements that reduce or even eliminate multi-cell, multi-step brazing. This may allow significant simplification of the fabrication process to enable inexpensive mass-production required for replacement of the ~55,000 radionuclide sources in the US

Export •

reference for this paper to ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THOAB03

Ultrafast Electron Microscopy using 100 Femtosecond Relativistic-Energy Electron Beam

3183

J. Yang, K. Kan, K. Tanimura, Y. Yoshida
ISIR, Osaka, Japan
J. Urakawa
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

An ultrafast detection technique on 100 fs time scales over sub-nanometer (even atomic) spatial dimensions has long been a goal for the scientists to reveal and understand the ultrafast structural-change induced dynamics in materials. In this paper, the generation of femtosecond electron pulses using the RF gun and the first prototype of femtosecond time-resolved relativistic-energy ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) are reported. Finally, both relativistic-energy electron diffraction and image measurements in the UEM prototype are presented.

Export •

reference for this paper to ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRXAA02

Low Energy Accelerator Mass Spectroscopy (AMS)

H.-A. Synal
ETH, Zurich, Switzerland

The technical evolution of AMS is summarized. AMS is the most sensitive isotope selective detection method for long-lived radionuclides, capable of measuring isotopic ratios as low as 1:10¹⁶. At present, C-14 is still the most important AMS nuclide but there are many applications of other nuclides such as Be-10, Al-26, Cl-36, Ca-41, I-129, and actinides. A key characteristic of any AMS system is the destruction of molecular interferences and subsequent analyses of atomic ions. In early instruments, highly charged ions (> 3+ ) were used, and fairly high ion energies, and as a consequence, large accelerators were required. Today, 1+ is used, molecular interferences are destroyed in multiple collisions with gas atoms or molecules at energies of a few hundred keV. Thus, C-14 AMS instruments develop towards lab size or tabletop devices. But, low energy AMS is not limited to radiocarbon only and there is a great potential for radionuclides not interfered by nuclear isobars. These developments have launched the wide spread use of AMS in various research fields and has resulted in a boom of new AMS facilities which impact the wide variety of applications of AMS in modern research.

Slides FRXAA02 [15.830 MB]

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