LINAC2018 - Classification: Proton and Ion Accelerators and Applications / Industrial and medical accelerators

Paper	Title	Page
MOPO077	Design of the High Gradient Negative Harmonic Structure for Compact Ion Therapy Linac	160
MOOP11	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	S.V. Kutsaev, R.B. Agustsson, A.Yu. Smirnov, A. Verma RadiaBeam, Santa Monica, California, USA A. Barcikowski, R.L. Fischer, B. Mustapha ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of High Energy Physics, under SBIR grant DE-SC0015717 and Accelerator Stewardship Grant, Proposal No. 0000219678 A novel concept for an Advanced Compact Carbon Ion Linac (ACCIL) that will deliver up to 1 pnA of carbon ions with variable energy from 45 MeV/u to 450 MeV/u in a 45 m footprint, has been developed by Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) in collaboration with RadiaBeam. The ACCIL will have a 35 MV/m real-estate accelerating gradients that became possible to achieve with the development of novel S-band high-gradient structures, capable of providing 50 MV/m accelerating gradients for particles with β>0.3. In particular, a β=0.3 structure based on the novel approach of operation at the first negative spatial harmonic with the increased distance between the accelerating gaps will be presented. This is the first attempt to reach such high gradients at such small velocities. RadiaBeam and ANL have demonstrated the feasibility of building this structure for accelerating carbon ions by means of advanced computer simulations and are currently working towards the fabrication of this structure for high power tests.
	Slides MOPO077 [1.863 MB]
	Poster MOPO077 [0.923 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2018-MOPO077
About •	paper received ※ 11 September 2018 paper accepted ※ 20 September 2018 issue date ※ 18 January 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO079	Cavity Design of a 7 MeV 325 MHz Proton APF IH-DTL for a Compact Injector	163
	X. Li University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China X. Li, Y.H. Pu, X.C. Xie, M.H. Zhao SINAP, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China F. Yang Shanghai APACTRON Particle Equipment Company Limited, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
	Funding: National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant number 2016YFC0105408) An Interdigit H-mode Drift-Tube-Linac (IH-DTL) with Alternating-Phase-Focusing (APF) method working at 325MHz was designed. With the RF field established properly in the cavity, protons can be accelerated from 3MeV to 7MeV successfully. In this paper, the process of designing such an APF IH-DTL cavity is going to be presented. Also, the characteristics of the cavity and pa-rameters studying of RF are going to be demonstrated.
	Poster MOPO079 [0.433 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2018-MOPO079
About •	paper received ※ 02 September 2018 paper accepted ※ 20 September 2018 issue date ※ 18 January 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO080	The Manufacturing of the CSNS DTL Tank	167
	X.L. Wu, T. Luo CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China L. Dong, K.Y. Gong, H.C. Liu, H. Song IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China S.M. Liu DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
	The DTL tank is a crucial component of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) linear accelerator (LINAC), which mainly use the technology of oxygen-free copper (OFC) electroplating on the inner surface of the 20# carbon steel tube. It is the first time to perform OFC electroplating with high electrical conductivity in the high intensity beam accelerator in China. In the process of cavity manufacturing, problems such as machining deformation, plating surface nodule and plating peeling are encountered. In this project, based on pre-research and information from literature, the formula of acid solution was improved to construct a stable pickling process protocol. The manufacturing process of DTL tank and the measurement details are introduced in this paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2018-MOPO080
About •	paper received ※ 10 September 2018 paper accepted ※ 20 September 2018 issue date ※ 18 January 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO081	Light Proton Therapy Linac LLRF System Development	171
	B.B. Baricevic, A. Bardorfer, R. Cerne I-Tech, Solkan, Slovenia G. De Michele, Ye. Ivanisenko AVO-ADAM, Meyrin, Switzerland
	Proton cancer therapy is a state-of-the-art medical treatment technique based on an accelerator beam production facility. The LIGHT linear accelerator design by AVO-ADAM offers a modular compact solution for precise control of the treatment dose delivery, both position and energy wise. Proton energy can be modulated at up to 200 Hz in a range from 70 to 230 MeV by varying the gradient of the accelerating structures. The normal conducting LINAC RF system is based on a 750 MHz RFQ and 12 S band stations individually controlled. A customized LLRF system is being developed on the Libera LLRF platform for the LIGHT project. The paper is describing the required cavity field control functionality and the other subsystems such as master oscillator reference, cavity tuning, real-time control, data acquisition, control system and synchronization interfaces.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2018-MOPO081
About •	paper received ※ 11 September 2018 paper accepted ※ 20 September 2018 issue date ※ 18 January 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO082	Commissioning Status of the Linac for the iBNCT Project	174
	M. Sato, Z. Fang, M.K. Fukuda, Y. Fukui, K. Futatsukawa, Y. Honda, K. Ikegami, H. Kobayashi, C. Kubota, T. Kurihara, T. Miura, T. Miyajima, F. Naito, K. Nanmo, T. Obina, T. Shibata, T. Sugimura, A. Takagi, E. Takasaki KEK, Ibaraki, Japan K. Hasegawa JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan H. Kumada, Y. Matsumoto, Su. Tanaka Tsukuba University, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan N. Nagura, T. Ohba Nippon Advanced Technology Co., Ltd., Tokai, Japan T. Onishi Tsukuba University, Ibaraki, Japan T. Ouchi, H. Sakurayama ATOX, Ibaraki, Japan
	Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is one of the particle-beam therapies which use secondary products from a neutron capture on boron medicaments implanted into cancer cells. This has been originally studied with neutrons from nuclear reactors, meanwhile, many activities have been recently projected with accelerator-based neutron generation. In the iBNCT (Ibaraki BNCT) project, the accelerator is consisted with a radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) and an Alvarez type drift-tube linac (DTL). Protons extracted from an ion source are accelerated up to 3 MeV and 8 MeV, respectively, and bombarded onto a beryllium target to generate neutrons. The design of the linac is based on the J-PARC one, but the most significant difference is the higher duty factor to have a sufficient epithermal neutron flux for BNCT. We have started the commissioning from the end of 2016, and the beam current of 1.3 mA with a repetition of 50 Hz has been achieved with an acceptable stability. Further beam commissioning and reinforcement of the vacuum and cooling water system will be performed toward higher beam current. In this contribution, the current status and future prospects of the linac will be presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2018-MOPO082
About •	paper received ※ 12 September 2018 paper accepted ※ 20 September 2018 issue date ※ 18 January 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO132	The 7 MeV APF DTL for Proton Therapy	277
MOOP02	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	X.C. Xie, D.M. Li, X. Li, Y.H. Pu, J. Qiao, M.H. Zhao, Z.T. Zhao SINAP, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China Y.H. Pu, X.C. Xie, F. Yang Shanghai APACTRON Particle Equipment Company Limited, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
	Funding: This work is fund by Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Repulic of China, under Grant Number 2016YFC0105408 A 7MeV alternating phase focused (APF) drift tube linear (DTL) for proton therapy has been designed, and a design code has been developed based on a sinusoidal synchronous phase formula and a linearly increasing electrode voltage assumption. The design procedure includes the radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) to drift tube linac (DTL) matching, and end-to-end simulation that conducted by Trace Win. Moreover, a cutting method has been performed to correct the integral electric field deviation of RF gaps.
	Slides MOPO132 [4.219 MB]
	Poster MOPO132 [2.604 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2018-MOPO132
About •	paper received ※ 20 August 2018 paper accepted ※ 15 January 2019 issue date ※ 18 January 2019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TH1A02	From Laser Acceleration to Laser Proton Accelerator
	X.Q. Yan PKU, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	Funding: MOST A Compact LAser Plasma Accelerator (CLAPA) that can stably produce and transport protons with different energies less than 10 MeV, less than 1% energy spread and several to tens of pC charge is demonstrated. The high current proton beam with continuous energy spectrum and a large divergence angle was generated by using a high contrast laser interacting with micron thickness targets, which later was collected, analyzed and refocused by an electromagnetic lattice using combination of quadrupole and bending electromagnets. This is the first experiment that combines the laser acceleration with a fully functional beam line, realizing the precise manipulation of the proton beams with reliability, availability, maintainability and inspectability . Spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP), the key technology of proton radiotherapy for malignant tumors, is then realized with laser accelerator for the first time.
	Slides TH1A02 [9.232 MB]
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

MOPO077

Design of the High Gradient Negative Harmonic Structure for Compact Ion Therapy Linac

160

MOOP11

use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code

S.V. Kutsaev, R.B. Agustsson, A.Yu. Smirnov, A. Verma
RadiaBeam, Santa Monica, California, USA
A. Barcikowski, R.L. Fischer, B. Mustapha
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of High Energy Physics, under SBIR grant DE-SC0015717 and Accelerator Stewardship Grant, Proposal No. 0000219678
A novel concept for an Advanced Compact Carbon Ion Linac (ACCIL) that will deliver up to 1 pnA of carbon ions with variable energy from 45 MeV/u to 450 MeV/u in a 45 m footprint, has been developed by Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) in collaboration with RadiaBeam. The ACCIL will have a 35 MV/m real-estate accelerating gradients that became possible to achieve with the development of novel S-band high-gradient structures, capable of providing 50 MV/m accelerating gradients for particles with β>0.3. In particular, a β=0.3 structure based on the novel approach of operation at the first negative spatial harmonic with the increased distance between the accelerating gaps will be presented. This is the first attempt to reach such high gradients at such small velocities. RadiaBeam and ANL have demonstrated the feasibility of building this structure for accelerating carbon ions by means of advanced computer simulations and are currently working towards the fabrication of this structure for high power tests.

Slides MOPO077 [1.863 MB]

Poster MOPO077 [0.923 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2018-MOPO077

About •

paper received ※ 11 September 2018 paper accepted ※ 20 September 2018 issue date ※ 18 January 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO079

Cavity Design of a 7 MeV 325 MHz Proton APF IH-DTL for a Compact Injector

163

X. Li
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
X. Li, Y.H. Pu, X.C. Xie, M.H. Zhao
SINAP, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
F. Yang
Shanghai APACTRON Particle Equipment Company Limited, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

Funding: National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant number 2016YFC0105408)
An Interdigit H-mode Drift-Tube-Linac (IH-DTL) with Alternating-Phase-Focusing (APF) method working at 325MHz was designed. With the RF field established properly in the cavity, protons can be accelerated from 3MeV to 7MeV successfully. In this paper, the process of designing such an APF IH-DTL cavity is going to be presented. Also, the characteristics of the cavity and pa-rameters studying of RF are going to be demonstrated.

Poster MOPO079 [0.433 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2018-MOPO079

About •

paper received ※ 02 September 2018 paper accepted ※ 20 September 2018 issue date ※ 18 January 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO080

The Manufacturing of the CSNS DTL Tank

167

X.L. Wu, T. Luo
CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
L. Dong, K.Y. Gong, H.C. Liu, H. Song
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
S.M. Liu
DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China

The DTL tank is a crucial component of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) linear accelerator (LINAC), which mainly use the technology of oxygen-free copper (OFC) electroplating on the inner surface of the 20# carbon steel tube. It is the first time to perform OFC electroplating with high electrical conductivity in the high intensity beam accelerator in China. In the process of cavity manufacturing, problems such as machining deformation, plating surface nodule and plating peeling are encountered. In this project, based on pre-research and information from literature, the formula of acid solution was improved to construct a stable pickling process protocol. The manufacturing process of DTL tank and the measurement details are introduced in this paper.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2018-MOPO080

About •

paper received ※ 10 September 2018 paper accepted ※ 20 September 2018 issue date ※ 18 January 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO081

Light Proton Therapy Linac LLRF System Development

171

B.B. Baricevic, A. Bardorfer, R. Cerne
I-Tech, Solkan, Slovenia
G. De Michele, Ye. Ivanisenko
AVO-ADAM, Meyrin, Switzerland

Proton cancer therapy is a state-of-the-art medical treatment technique based on an accelerator beam production facility. The LIGHT linear accelerator design by AVO-ADAM offers a modular compact solution for precise control of the treatment dose delivery, both position and energy wise. Proton energy can be modulated at up to 200 Hz in a range from 70 to 230 MeV by varying the gradient of the accelerating structures. The normal conducting LINAC RF system is based on a 750 MHz RFQ and 12 S band stations individually controlled. A customized LLRF system is being developed on the Libera LLRF platform for the LIGHT project. The paper is describing the required cavity field control functionality and the other subsystems such as master oscillator reference, cavity tuning, real-time control, data acquisition, control system and synchronization interfaces.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2018-MOPO081

About •

paper received ※ 11 September 2018 paper accepted ※ 20 September 2018 issue date ※ 18 January 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO082

Commissioning Status of the Linac for the iBNCT Project

174

M. Sato, Z. Fang, M.K. Fukuda, Y. Fukui, K. Futatsukawa, Y. Honda, K. Ikegami, H. Kobayashi, C. Kubota, T. Kurihara, T. Miura, T. Miyajima, F. Naito, K. Nanmo, T. Obina, T. Shibata, T. Sugimura, A. Takagi, E. Takasaki
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
K. Hasegawa
JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
H. Kumada, Y. Matsumoto, Su. Tanaka
Tsukuba University, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan
N. Nagura, T. Ohba
Nippon Advanced Technology Co., Ltd., Tokai, Japan
T. Onishi
Tsukuba University, Ibaraki, Japan
T. Ouchi, H. Sakurayama
ATOX, Ibaraki, Japan

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is one of the particle-beam therapies which use secondary products from a neutron capture on boron medicaments implanted into cancer cells. This has been originally studied with neutrons from nuclear reactors, meanwhile, many activities have been recently projected with accelerator-based neutron generation. In the iBNCT (Ibaraki BNCT) project, the accelerator is consisted with a radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) and an Alvarez type drift-tube linac (DTL). Protons extracted from an ion source are accelerated up to 3 MeV and 8 MeV, respectively, and bombarded onto a beryllium target to generate neutrons. The design of the linac is based on the J-PARC one, but the most significant difference is the higher duty factor to have a sufficient epithermal neutron flux for BNCT. We have started the commissioning from the end of 2016, and the beam current of 1.3 mA with a repetition of 50 Hz has been achieved with an acceptable stability. Further beam commissioning and reinforcement of the vacuum and cooling water system will be performed toward higher beam current. In this contribution, the current status and future prospects of the linac will be presented.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2018-MOPO082

About •

paper received ※ 12 September 2018 paper accepted ※ 20 September 2018 issue date ※ 18 January 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO132

The 7 MeV APF DTL for Proton Therapy

277

MOOP02

use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code

X.C. Xie, D.M. Li, X. Li, Y.H. Pu, J. Qiao, M.H. Zhao, Z.T. Zhao
SINAP, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
Y.H. Pu, X.C. Xie, F. Yang
Shanghai APACTRON Particle Equipment Company Limited, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

Funding: This work is fund by Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Repulic of China, under Grant Number 2016YFC0105408
A 7MeV alternating phase focused (APF) drift tube linear (DTL) for proton therapy has been designed, and a design code has been developed based on a sinusoidal synchronous phase formula and a linearly increasing electrode voltage assumption. The design procedure includes the radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) to drift tube linac (DTL) matching, and end-to-end simulation that conducted by Trace Win. Moreover, a cutting method has been performed to correct the integral electric field deviation of RF gaps.

Slides MOPO132 [4.219 MB]

Poster MOPO132 [2.604 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2018-MOPO132

About •

paper received ※ 20 August 2018 paper accepted ※ 15 January 2019 issue date ※ 18 January 2019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TH1A02

From Laser Acceleration to Laser Proton Accelerator

X.Q. Yan
PKU, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

Funding: MOST
A Compact LAser Plasma Accelerator (CLAPA) that can stably produce and transport protons with different energies less than 10 MeV, less than 1% energy spread and several to tens of pC charge is demonstrated. The high current proton beam with continuous energy spectrum and a large divergence angle was generated by using a high contrast laser interacting with micron thickness targets, which later was collected, analyzed and refocused by an electromagnetic lattice using combination of quadrupole and bending electromagnets. This is the first experiment that combines the laser acceleration with a fully functional beam line, realizing the precise manipulation of the proton beams with reliability, availability, maintainability and inspectability . Spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP), the key technology of proton radiotherapy for malignant tumors, is then realized with laser accelerator for the first time.

Slides TH1A02 [9.232 MB]

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)