IPAC2016 - Classification: 04 Hadron Accelerators / A04 Circular Accelerators

Paper	Title	Page
MOPOR023	Flat Bunches with a Hollow Distribution for Space Charge Mitigation	652
	A. Oeftiger, H. Bartosik, A. Findlay, S. Hancock, G. Rumolo CERN, Geneva, Switzerland A. Oeftiger EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
	Funding: CERN, Doctoral Studentship EPFL, Doctorate Longitudinally hollow bunches provide one means to mitigate the impact of transverse space charge. The hollow distributions are created via dipolar parametric excitation during acceleration in CERN's Proton Synchrotron Booster. We present simulation work and beam measurements. Particular emphasis is given to the alleviation of space charge effects on the long injection plateau of the downstream Proton Synchrotron machine, which is the main goal of this study.
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MOPOY001	MedAustron Synchrotron RF Commissioning for Medical Proton Beams	844
	C. Schmitzer, F. Farinon, A. Garonna, M. Kronberger, T.K.D. Kulenkampff, C. Kurfürst, S. Myalski, S. Nowak, F. Osmić, L.C. Penescu, M.T.F. Pivi, P. Urschütz, A. Wastl EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
	MedAustron is a medical accelerator facility for hadron therapy cancer treatment using protons and carbon ions. The Synchrotron is driven by a 0.47-3.26 MHz Finemet® loaded wideband cavity powered by 12x 1kW solid state amplifiers connected to a digital Low Level RF system. It was developed in collaboration with CERN and put to operation at MedAustron in early 2014. The main Synchrotron RF (sRF )commissioning steps for proton beams involved the setup of the adiabatic capture process, the setup of the frequency and voltage ramps and feedback loops for fast acceleration and the RF jump for extraction. The adiabatic capture process was optimized in terms of energy and voltage mismatch by analyzing longitudinal empty bucket scans after beam injection into the synchrotron. The acceleration ramp optimization was based on calculations using a software tool developed in-house and adapted experimentally to minimize losses at injection and during acceleration. This paper provides an overview of the acceleration system and describes the commissioning process of the sRF system and the related beam commissioning efforts at MedAustron.
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MOPOY002	Towards Beam-Dynamics Simulations Including More Realistic Field Descriptions for the HESR	847
	J.H. Hetzel, U. Bechstedt, J. Böker, A. Lehrach, B. Lorentz, R. Tölle FZJ, Jülich, Germany
	The High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) is part of the upcoming Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) placed in Darmstadt (Germany). The HESR is designed for antiprotons with a momentum range from 1.5 GeV/c to 15 GeV/c, but will as well be suitable to provide heavy ion beams with a momentum range from approximately 0.6 GeV/c to 5.8 GeV/c. To guarantee smooth operation it is crucial to verify and improve the design with beam-dynamics simulations. Particularly the dynamic aperture is calculated as a measure of quality. Complementary to previous beam dynamics calculations based on frequency map analysis, the dynamic aperture is calculated using a variant of the Lyapunov exponent. The first bending and focusing magnets have been delivered and the magnetic fields measured recently. So the modeled assumptions regarding the multipole imperfections of these elements are now replaced by values based on measurements. This contribution contains the inclusion of the measured values as well as the the tracking-based dynamic aperture calculations. D.M. Welsch, A. Lehrach, B. Lorentz, R.Maier, D. Prasuhn, R.Tölle: "Investigation and Optimization of Transverse Non-Linear Beam Dynamics in the High-Energy Storage Ring HESR"; IPAC'10
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MOPOY003	Study of Achieving Low Energy Beam by Energy Degradation and Direct Resonance Extraction in a Compact Ring	850
SUPSS041	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	G.R. Li, X.W. Wang, Z. Yang, H.J. Yao, Q. Zhang, S.X. Zheng TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China X. Guan Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	We have designed a compact proton synchrotron(7~230 MeV) for applications like proton therapy and space environment study. These applications may require slow extraction from 10~230 MeV. Traditionally, the low energy beam(10~70 MeV) is achieved by energy degradation from high energy beam which may cause beam lose and energy spread increase, because the beam quality may suffer from magnetic remanence, power ripple and strong space charge effects in low energy stage. To achieve high quality beam directly from resonance extraction, we study these effects by performing multi-particle simulation. Methods of improving beam quality are discussed.
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MOPOY006	Preparations for Upgrading the RF Systems of the PS Booster	853
	S.C.P. Albright, D. Quartullo, E.N. Shaposhnikova CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The accelerators of the LHC injector chain need to be upgraded to provide the HL-LHC beams. The PS Booster, the first synchrotron in the LHC injection chain, uses three different RF systems (first, second and up to tenth harmonic) in each of its four rings. As part of the LHC Injector Upgrade the current ferrite RF systems will be replaced with broadband Finemet cavities, increasing the flexibility of the RF system. A Finemet test cavity has been installed in Ring 4 to investigate its effect on machine performance, especially beam stability, during extensive experimental studies. Due to large space charge impedance Landau damping is lost through most of the cycle in single harmonic operation, but is recovered when using the second harmonic and controlled longitudinal emittance blow-up. This paper compares beam parameters during acceleration with and without the Finemet test cavity. Comparisons were made using beam measurements and simulations with the BLonD code based on a full PS Booster impedance model. This work, together with simulations of future operation, have provided input for the decision to adopt a fully Finemet RF system.
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MOPOY007	High Energy Booster Options for a Future Circular Collider at CERN	856
	L.S. Stoel, M.J. Barnes, W. Bartmann, F. Burkart, B. Goddard, W. Herr, T. Kramer, A. Milanese, G. Rumolo, E.N. Shaposhnikova CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	In case a Future Circular Collider for hadrons (FCC-hh) is constructed at CERN, the tunnels for SPS, LHC and the 100 km collider will be available to house a High Energy Booster (HEB). The different machine options cover a large technology range from an iron-dominated machine in the 100 km tunnel to a superconducting machine in the SPS tunnel. Using a modified LHC as reference, these options are compared with respect to their energy reach, magnet technology and filling time of the collider. Potential issues with beam transfer, reliability and beam stability are presented.
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MOPOY009	ELENA: Installations and Preparations for Commissioning	860
	C. Carli, W. Bartmann, P. Belochitskii, H. Breuker, F. Butin, T. Eriksson, R. Ostojić, S. Pasinelli, G. Tranquille CERN, Geneva, Switzerland W. Oelert Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institut für Physik, Mainz, Germany
	The Extra Low Energy Antiproton ring (ELENA) is a small 30 m circumference synchroton under construction at CERN to further decelerate antiprotons from the Antiproton Decelerator AD from 5.3 MeV to 100 keV. Controlled deceleration in a synchrotron equipped with an electron cooler to reduce emittances in all three planes will allow the existing AD experiments to increase substantially their antiproton capture efficiencies and render new experiments possible. Installation of the machine and lines needed for the commissioning of the ring are ongoing and commissioning is expected to start around mid-2016. The aim is to complete ELENA ring commissioning in November followed by the installation of new electrostatic transfer lines to existing experiments until autumn 2017. Status of ELENA installations and preparations for commissioning will be reported.
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MOPOY010	Simulations and Measurements of Stopbands in the Fermilab Recycler	864
	R. Ainsworth, P. Adamson, K.J. Hazelwood, I. Kourbanis, E.G. Stern Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Fermilab has recently completed an upgrade to the complex with the goal of delivering 700 kW of beam power as 120 GeV protons to the NuMI target. A major part of boosting beam power is to use the Fermilab Recycler to stack protons. Simulations focusing on the betatron resonance stopbands are presented taking into account different effects such as intensity and chromaticity. Simulations are compared with measurements.
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MOPOY011	Estimating the Transverse Impedance in the Fermilab Recycler	867
	R. Ainsworth, P. Adamson, A.V. Burov, I. Kourbanis, M.-J. Yang Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Impedance could represent a limitation of running high intensity bunches in the Fermilab recycler. With high intensity upgrades foreseen, it is important to quantify the impedance. To do this, studies have been performed measuring the tune shift as a function of bunch intensity allowing the transverse impedance to be derived.
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MOPOY012	Space Charge Simulations in the Fermilab Recycler for PIP-II	870
	R. Ainsworth, P. Adamson, I. Kourbanis, E.G. Stern Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Proton Improvement Plan-II (PIP-II) is Fermilab's plan for providing powerful, high-intensity proton beams to the laboratory's experiments. Upgrades are foreseen for the recycler which will cope with bunches containing fifty percent more beam. Of particular concern is large space charge tune shifts caused by the intensity increase. Simulations performed using Synergia are detailed focusing on the space charge footprint.
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MOPOY013	Modeling Longitudinal Dynamics in the Fermilab Booster Synchrotron	873
	J.-F. Ostiguy, C.M. Bhat, V.A. Lebedev Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work performed under U.S. Government contract DE-AC02-07CH11359 The PIP-II project will replace the existing 400 MeV linac with a new, CW-capable, 800 MeV superconducting one. With respect to current operations, a 50% increase in beam intensity in the rapid cycling Booster synchrotron is expected. Booster batches are combined in the Recycler ring; this process limits the allowed longitudinal emittance of the extracted Booster beam. To suppress eddy currents, the Booster has no beam pipe; magnets are evacuated, exposing the beam to core laminations and this has a substantial impact on the longitudinal impedance. Noticeable longitudinal emittance growth is already observed at transition crossing. Operation at higher intensity will likely necessitate mitigation measures. We describe systematic efforts to construct a predictive model for current operating conditions. A longitudinal only code including a laminated wall impedance model, space charge effects, and feedback loops is developed. Parameter validation is performed using detailed measurements of relevant beam, rf and control parameters. An attempt is made to benchmark the code at operationally favorable machine settings.
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TUXA01	Status and Future Upgrade of J-PARC Accelerators	999
	M. Kinsho JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
	The linac energy reached to 400 MeV as a design value and also a beam current was upgraded to 50 mA by replacing a new ion source. At the 3 GeV synchrotron, a high power beam of 8.41x10¹³ protons per pulse was demonstrated, which was equivalent to 1 MW when the repetition would be 25 Hz. At the main ring, beam loss was reduced by suppression of transverse instabilities and so on. The beam power for both the neutrino experiment and hadron experimental facility is increasing to reduce beam loss. J-PARC accelerators each have their own upgrade plan to increase beam power. The progress and future plan of J-PARC accelerators are reported in this paper.
	Slides TUXA01 [11.427 MB]
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Paper

Title

Page

Flat Bunches with a Hollow Distribution for Space Charge Mitigation

652

A. Oeftiger, H. Bartosik, A. Findlay, S. Hancock, G. Rumolo
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
A. Oeftiger
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland

Funding: CERN, Doctoral Studentship EPFL, Doctorate
Longitudinally hollow bunches provide one means to mitigate the impact of transverse space charge. The hollow distributions are created via dipolar parametric excitation during acceleration in CERN's Proton Synchrotron Booster. We present simulation work and beam measurements. Particular emphasis is given to the alleviation of space charge effects on the long injection plateau of the downstream Proton Synchrotron machine, which is the main goal of this study.

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MOPOY001

MedAustron Synchrotron RF Commissioning for Medical Proton Beams

844

C. Schmitzer, F. Farinon, A. Garonna, M. Kronberger, T.K.D. Kulenkampff, C. Kurfürst, S. Myalski, S. Nowak, F. Osmić, L.C. Penescu, M.T.F. Pivi, P. Urschütz, A. Wastl
EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria

MedAustron is a medical accelerator facility for hadron therapy cancer treatment using protons and carbon ions. The Synchrotron is driven by a 0.47-3.26 MHz Finemet® loaded wideband cavity powered by 12x 1kW solid state amplifiers connected to a digital Low Level RF system. It was developed in collaboration with CERN and put to operation at MedAustron in early 2014. The main Synchrotron RF (sRF )commissioning steps for proton beams involved the setup of the adiabatic capture process, the setup of the frequency and voltage ramps and feedback loops for fast acceleration and the RF jump for extraction. The adiabatic capture process was optimized in terms of energy and voltage mismatch by analyzing longitudinal empty bucket scans after beam injection into the synchrotron. The acceleration ramp optimization was based on calculations using a software tool developed in-house and adapted experimentally to minimize losses at injection and during acceleration. This paper provides an overview of the acceleration system and describes the commissioning process of the sRF system and the related beam commissioning efforts at MedAustron.

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MOPOY002

Towards Beam-Dynamics Simulations Including More Realistic Field Descriptions for the HESR

847

J.H. Hetzel, U. Bechstedt, J. Böker, A. Lehrach, B. Lorentz, R. Tölle
FZJ, Jülich, Germany

The High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) is part of the upcoming Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) placed in Darmstadt (Germany). The HESR is designed for antiprotons with a momentum range from 1.5 GeV/c to 15 GeV/c, but will as well be suitable to provide heavy ion beams with a momentum range from approximately 0.6 GeV/c to 5.8 GeV/c. To guarantee smooth operation it is crucial to verify and improve the design with beam-dynamics simulations. Particularly the dynamic aperture is calculated as a measure of quality. Complementary to previous beam dynamics calculations based on frequency map analysis*, the dynamic aperture is calculated using a variant of the Lyapunov exponent. The first bending and focusing magnets have been delivered and the magnetic fields measured recently. So the modeled assumptions regarding the multipole imperfections of these elements are now replaced by values based on measurements. This contribution contains the inclusion of the measured values as well as the the tracking-based dynamic aperture calculations.
* D.M. Welsch, A. Lehrach, B. Lorentz, R.Maier, D. Prasuhn, R.Tölle: "Investigation and Optimization of Transverse Non-Linear Beam Dynamics in the High-Energy Storage Ring HESR"; IPAC'10

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MOPOY003

Study of Achieving Low Energy Beam by Energy Degradation and Direct Resonance Extraction in a Compact Ring

850

SUPSS041

use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code

G.R. Li, X.W. Wang, Z. Yang, H.J. Yao, Q. Zhang, S.X. Zheng
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
X. Guan
Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China

We have designed a compact proton synchrotron(7~230 MeV) for applications like proton therapy and space environment study. These applications may require slow extraction from 10~230 MeV. Traditionally, the low energy beam(10~70 MeV) is achieved by energy degradation from high energy beam which may cause beam lose and energy spread increase, because the beam quality may suffer from magnetic remanence, power ripple and strong space charge effects in low energy stage. To achieve high quality beam directly from resonance extraction, we study these effects by performing multi-particle simulation. Methods of improving beam quality are discussed.

Export •

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MOPOY006

Preparations for Upgrading the RF Systems of the PS Booster

853

S.C.P. Albright, D. Quartullo, E.N. Shaposhnikova
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The accelerators of the LHC injector chain need to be upgraded to provide the HL-LHC beams. The PS Booster, the first synchrotron in the LHC injection chain, uses three different RF systems (first, second and up to tenth harmonic) in each of its four rings. As part of the LHC Injector Upgrade the current ferrite RF systems will be replaced with broadband Finemet cavities, increasing the flexibility of the RF system. A Finemet test cavity has been installed in Ring 4 to investigate its effect on machine performance, especially beam stability, during extensive experimental studies. Due to large space charge impedance Landau damping is lost through most of the cycle in single harmonic operation, but is recovered when using the second harmonic and controlled longitudinal emittance blow-up. This paper compares beam parameters during acceleration with and without the Finemet test cavity. Comparisons were made using beam measurements and simulations with the BLonD code based on a full PS Booster impedance model. This work, together with simulations of future operation, have provided input for the decision to adopt a fully Finemet RF system.

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MOPOY007

High Energy Booster Options for a Future Circular Collider at CERN

856

L.S. Stoel, M.J. Barnes, W. Bartmann, F. Burkart, B. Goddard, W. Herr, T. Kramer, A. Milanese, G. Rumolo, E.N. Shaposhnikova
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In case a Future Circular Collider for hadrons (FCC-hh) is constructed at CERN, the tunnels for SPS, LHC and the 100 km collider will be available to house a High Energy Booster (HEB). The different machine options cover a large technology range from an iron-dominated machine in the 100 km tunnel to a superconducting machine in the SPS tunnel. Using a modified LHC as reference, these options are compared with respect to their energy reach, magnet technology and filling time of the collider. Potential issues with beam transfer, reliability and beam stability are presented.

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MOPOY009

ELENA: Installations and Preparations for Commissioning

860

C. Carli, W. Bartmann, P. Belochitskii, H. Breuker, F. Butin, T. Eriksson, R. Ostojić, S. Pasinelli, G. Tranquille
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
W. Oelert
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institut für Physik, Mainz, Germany

The Extra Low Energy Antiproton ring (ELENA) is a small 30 m circumference synchroton under construction at CERN to further decelerate antiprotons from the Antiproton Decelerator AD from 5.3 MeV to 100 keV. Controlled deceleration in a synchrotron equipped with an electron cooler to reduce emittances in all three planes will allow the existing AD experiments to increase substantially their antiproton capture efficiencies and render new experiments possible. Installation of the machine and lines needed for the commissioning of the ring are ongoing and commissioning is expected to start around mid-2016. The aim is to complete ELENA ring commissioning in November followed by the installation of new electrostatic transfer lines to existing experiments until autumn 2017. Status of ELENA installations and preparations for commissioning will be reported.

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MOPOY010

Simulations and Measurements of Stopbands in the Fermilab Recycler

864

R. Ainsworth, P. Adamson, K.J. Hazelwood, I. Kourbanis, E.G. Stern
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Fermilab has recently completed an upgrade to the complex with the goal of delivering 700 kW of beam power as 120 GeV protons to the NuMI target. A major part of boosting beam power is to use the Fermilab Recycler to stack protons. Simulations focusing on the betatron resonance stopbands are presented taking into account different effects such as intensity and chromaticity. Simulations are compared with measurements.

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MOPOY011

Estimating the Transverse Impedance in the Fermilab Recycler

867

R. Ainsworth, P. Adamson, A.V. Burov, I. Kourbanis, M.-J. Yang
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Impedance could represent a limitation of running high intensity bunches in the Fermilab recycler. With high intensity upgrades foreseen, it is important to quantify the impedance. To do this, studies have been performed measuring the tune shift as a function of bunch intensity allowing the transverse impedance to be derived.

Export •

reference for this paper to ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPOY012

Space Charge Simulations in the Fermilab Recycler for PIP-II

870

R. Ainsworth, P. Adamson, I. Kourbanis, E.G. Stern
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Proton Improvement Plan-II (PIP-II) is Fermilab's plan for providing powerful, high-intensity proton beams to the laboratory's experiments. Upgrades are foreseen for the recycler which will cope with bunches containing fifty percent more beam. Of particular concern is large space charge tune shifts caused by the intensity increase. Simulations performed using Synergia are detailed focusing on the space charge footprint.

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reference for this paper to ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPOY013

Modeling Longitudinal Dynamics in the Fermilab Booster Synchrotron

873

J.-F. Ostiguy, C.M. Bhat, V.A. Lebedev
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work performed under U.S. Government contract DE-AC02-07CH11359
The PIP-II project will replace the existing 400 MeV linac with a new, CW-capable, 800 MeV superconducting one. With respect to current operations, a 50% increase in beam intensity in the rapid cycling Booster synchrotron is expected. Booster batches are combined in the Recycler ring; this process limits the allowed longitudinal emittance of the extracted Booster beam. To suppress eddy currents, the Booster has no beam pipe; magnets are evacuated, exposing the beam to core laminations and this has a substantial impact on the longitudinal impedance. Noticeable longitudinal emittance growth is already observed at transition crossing. Operation at higher intensity will likely necessitate mitigation measures. We describe systematic efforts to construct a predictive model for current operating conditions. A longitudinal only code including a laminated wall impedance model, space charge effects, and feedback loops is developed. Parameter validation is performed using detailed measurements of relevant beam, rf and control parameters. An attempt is made to benchmark the code at operationally favorable machine settings.

Export •

reference for this paper to ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUXA01

Status and Future Upgrade of J-PARC Accelerators

999

M. Kinsho
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan

The linac energy reached to 400 MeV as a design value and also a beam current was upgraded to 50 mA by replacing a new ion source. At the 3 GeV synchrotron, a high power beam of 8.41x10¹³ protons per pulse was demonstrated, which was equivalent to 1 MW when the repetition would be 25 Hz. At the main ring, beam loss was reduced by suppression of transverse instabilities and so on. The beam power for both the neutrino experiment and hadron experimental facility is increasing to reduce beam loss. J-PARC accelerators each have their own upgrade plan to increase beam power. The progress and future plan of J-PARC accelerators are reported in this paper.

Slides TUXA01 [11.427 MB]

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