FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan
NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) at Michigan State University will utilize a 400 kW, heavy-ion linear accelerator to produce rare isotopes in support of a rich program of fundamental research. In the event of operating failures, it is extremely important to shut off the beam in a prompt manner to control the beam losses that may damage the accelerator components such as superconducting cavities. FRIB has adapted the residual beam loss activation limit at 30 cm to be equivalent to 1W/m of operating beam losses. We are designing FRIB MPS to be flexible but redundant in safety to accommodate both commissioning and operations. It is also dependent upon the operational mode of the accelerator and the beam dump in use. The operational mode is distributed via a finite state machine to all critical devices that have multiple hardware checkpoints and comparators. It is important to note that FRIB is a cw machine and MPS status is continuously being monitored by 'device mode change' and real time data link. In this paper, we present FRIB Machine Protection architecture, plans and implementation.
NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan
IAP, Frankfurt am Main
Rare isotope beam (RIB) accelerator facilities provide rich research opportunities in nuclear physics. The National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL) at Michigan State University (MSU) is constructing a RIB facility, called ReA3. It will provide unique low-energy rare isotope beams by stopping fast RIBs and reaccelerating them in a compact linac. ReA3 comprises gas stopper systems, an Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) charge state booster, a room temperature radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ), a linac using superconducting quarter wave resonators (QWRs) and an achromatic beam transport and distribution line to the new experimental area. Beams from ReA3 will range from 3 MeV/u for heavy ions to about 6 MeV/u for light ions, as the charge state of the ions can be adjusted by the EBIT. ReA3 will initially use beams from NSCL's Coupled Cyclotron Facility (CCF). Later ReA3 will provide reacceleration capability for the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), a new national user facility funded by the Department of Energy (DOE) that will be hosted at MSU. The ReA3 concept and status of ReA3 will be presented, with emphasis on the comissioning of the facility, which is underway.
NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan
The primary purpose of the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) is to produce and to do fundamental research with rare isotopes. The rare isotope production will be accomplished using a heavy ion cw linac to provide a stable isotope beam (protons through uranium) at high power (up to 400 kW) and high energy (>200 MeV/u) on a particle fragmentation production target. The rare isotopes will be produced in quantities sufficient to support world-leading research by using particle fragmentation of stable beams. This will include research pertaining to the properties of nuclei (nuclear structure), the nuclear processes in the universe and tests of fundamental symmetries. Societal applications and benefits may include bio-medicine, energy, material sciences and national security. The overall facility status and plans will be discussed with a focus on the accelerator system.
NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) will accelerate stable beams of heavy ions to > 200 MeV/u with beam powers of up to 400 kW onto an in-flight fragmentation target to produce rare isotopes. The accelerator system will include a room-temperature front end, a double-folded superconducting driver linac, and a beam delivery system. The front end will include superconducting ECR ion sources, a beam bunching system and a radio frequency quadrupole. The driver linac will include three acceleration segments using superconducting quarter-wave and half-wave cavities with frequencies of 80.5 and 322 MHz, and two 180 degree folding systems to minimize the cost of conventional construction. Charge-stripping and multi-charge-state beam acceleration will be used for the heavier ions to increase acceleration efficiency. The beam delivery system will transport accelerated stable beams to the in-flight fragmentation target. End-to-end beam simulations with errors have been performed to evaluate the performance of the driver linac. We will discuss recent progress in the accelerator design and the beam dynamics studies for the baseline accelerator system.
NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan
Michigan State University is developing cryomodules for two projects: a 3 MeV per nucleon superconducting linac for re-acceleration of exotic ions (ReA3, under construction, requiring 4 cryomodules), and a 200 MeV per nucleon driver linac for the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB, under design, requiring 52 cryomodules). The first two ReA3 cryomodules contain a total of seven quarter-wave resonators for beta = 0.041 and five superconducting solenoids (9 T). These cryomodules have been fabricated and installed, with testing underway. The third ReA3 cryomodule (requiring eight QWRs for beta = 0.085 and three solenoids) is being fabricated. A fourth ReA3 module consisting of a single quarter-wave resonator will be used for matching. A prototype cryomodule for FRIB is being designed for two beta = 0.53 half-wave resonators and one solenoid. The experience so far with system performance of the cryomodules will be described in this paper. Topics will include cavity performance, magnetic shielding, microphonics, cavity tuning, input coupler performance, and thermal loads.
NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD)
FZJ, Jülich
Niobium quarter-wave resonators (QWRs) and half-wave resonators (HWRs) are being developed at Michigan State University for two projects: a 3 MeV per nucleon superconducting linac for re-acceleration of exotic ions (ReA3, under construction, requiring 15 resonators), and a 200 MeV per nucleon driver linac for the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB, under design, requiring 344 resonators). The QWRs (80.5 MHz, optimum beta = 0.041 and 0.085) are required for both ReA3 and FRIB. Both include stiffening elements and frictional dampers. Nine beta = 0.041 QWRs have been fabricated; seven of them have been Dewar tested successfully with a helium vessel for use in ReA3. Production and testing of ten beta = 0.085 QWRs is in progress. The HWRs (322 MHz, optimum beta = 0.29 and 0.53, required for FRIB) are designed for mechanical stiffness and low peak surface magnetic field. A prototype beta = 0.53 HWR has been fabricated, and a prototype beta = 0.29 HWR is planned. This paper will cover the RF and mechanical requirements, the resonator and vessel design, and Dewar testing of production resonators.
NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan
Superconducting quarter-wave resonators, half-wave resonators, and cryomodules are being prototyped and fabricated at Michigan State University (MSU) for two ion linac projects. The 3 MeV per nucleon reaccelerator project (ReA3) is under construction as an upgrade to MSU's nuclear physics research program. ReA3 requires 15 production resonators, housed in three cryostats, with commissioning to begin in 2010. In parallel, MSU is engaged in a future laboratory upgrade, the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB). FRIB requires a 200 MeV per nucleon driver linac, which includes 344 resonators (four different betas) housed in 52 cryomodules. FRIB development work is underway, with the prototyping of a FRIB cryomodule planned for early 2011. In addition, the acquisition strategy for FRIB resonators and cryomodules is being finalized, and the technology transfer program is being initiated. The status of the resonator and cryomodule production effort will be presented in this paper, including an overview of the acquisition strategy for FRIB.
SLAC, Menlo Park, California
NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan
In the driver linac of the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), multipacting is an issue of concern for the superconducting resonators, which must accelerate the ion beams from 0.3 MeV per nucleon to 200 MeV per nucleon. While most of the multipacting bands can be conditioned and eliminated with RF, hard multipacting barriers may prevent the resonators from reaching the design voltage. Using the ACE3P code suite, multipacting bands can be computed and analysed with the Track3P module to identify potential problems in the resonator design. This paper will present simulation results for multipacting in half-wave and quarter-wave resonators for the FRIB driver linac and compare the simulations with RF measurements on the resonators.