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Chang, X.

Paper Title Page
WGA10 Beam Dynamics Limits for Low-Energy RHIC Operation 75
 
  • A.V. Fedotov, I. Ben-Zvi, X. Chang, A. Kayran, V. Litvinenko, E. Pozdeyev, T. Satogata
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
 
 

A strong interest in running RHIC at low energies in a range of 2.5-25 GeV/nucleon total energy of a single beam has emerged recently. Providing collisions in this energy range, which in RHIC case is termed “low-energy” operation, will help to answer one of the key questions in the field of QCD about existence and location of critical point on the QCD phase diagram. To evaluate the challenges of RHIC operation at such low energies there have been several short test runs during RHIC operations in 2006, 2007 and 2008. The beam lifetime observed during the test runs was clearly limited by machine nonlinearities. This performance can be improved provided sufficient time is given for machine development at these low energies. After the lifetime caused by nonlinearities is improved the strongest limitation comes from transverse and longitudinal Intra-beam Scattering (IBS), and ultimately by the space-charge limit. A significant luminosity improvement can be provided with electron cooling applied directly in RHIC at low energies. This report summarizes various beam dynamics limiting effects and possible improvement with electron cooling.

 

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