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Recent advances in high voltage IGBT capabilities have made possible a range of novel solid-state modulator concepts that were unthinkable a decade ago. At present, there are two prototype solid-state modulator designs under evaluation at SLAC – A conventional pulse-transformer design using an 80kV solid-state switch in place of a thyratron, and an 'induction modulator', which uses a stack of magnetic cores to couple many paralleled primary windings to a common secondary winding. Both of these prototype modulators are currently driving actual klystron loads at SLAC. Another promising solid-state modulator concept still in the early stages of development is the Marx configuration – where an array of stacked modules generates high-voltage output pulses directly from a low DC input supply voltage. This scheme eliminates the large and costly magnetic cores inherent in the other two designs, resulting in a considerably simpler and cheaper mechanical solution. The main disadvantage to this approach is that the individual Marx sections must float at high voltages, complicating the distribution of power and timing signals. Several research groups have produced limited scale Marx prototypes in recent years. The largest prototype built to date [DTI] generates an output pulse of approximately 50kV, with plans to eventually move to higher voltage levels. This paper examines in closer detail the practical advantages and pitfalls of a solid-state Marx configuration, and explores a design approach with emphasis on performance, wall-plug efficiency, cost of manufacture, availability and ease of service. The paper presents electrical diagrams, mechanical CAD layout and preliminary prototype test data.
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- R.O. Hettel, R. Akre, S. Allison, P. Bellomo, R.F. Boyce, L. Cadapan, R. Cassel, B. Choi, W.J. Corbett, D. Dell'Orco, T. Elioff, I. Evans, R. Fuller, S. Hill, D. Keeley, N. Kurita, J. Langton, G. Leyh, C. Limborg-Deprey, D. Macnair, D.J. Martin, P.A. McIntosh, E. Medvedko, C.-K. Ng, I. Nzeadibe, J. Olsen, M. Ortega, G.C. Pappas, S. Park, T. Rabedeau, H. Rarback, A. Ringwall, P. Rodriguez, J.A. Safranek, H.D. Schwarz, B. Scott, J.J. Sebek, S. Smith, T. Straumann, J. Tanabe, A. Terebilo, T.A. Trautwein, C. Wermelskirchen, M. Widmeyer, R. Yotam, K. Zuo
SLAC/SSRL, Menlo Park, California
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On December 15, 2003, 8 1/2 months after the last electrons circulated in the old SPEAR2 storage ring and 5 days after the beginning of commissioning, the first electrons were accumulated in the completely new SPEAR3 ring. The rapid installation and commissioning is a testimony to the SPEAR3 project staff and collaborators who have built an excellent machine and equipped it with powerful and accessible machine modeling and control programs. The final year of component fabrication, system implementation and testing, the 7-month installation period leading up to the beginning of commissioning, and lessons learned are described.
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