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| MPPP007 | Operating Performance of the Low Group Delay Woofer Channel in PEP-II | 1069 |
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Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. In PEP-II collider a dedicated low group-delay processing channel has been developed in order to provide high damping rates necessary to control the fast-growing longitudinal eigenmodes driven by the fundamental impedances of the RF cavities. A description of the digital processing channel operating at 9.81 MHz and capable of supporting finite impulse response (FIR) controllers with up to 32 taps will be presented. A prototype system has been successfully commissioned in the High-Energy Ring (HER) in May 2004. Operating experiences with the prototype and the newly determined limits on achievable longitudinal damping will be discussed and illustrated with experimental data. |
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| MPPP024 | Recent Observations on a Horizontal Instability in the DAFNE Positron Ring | 1841 |
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| A strong horizontal instability limits the maximum positron current storable in the DAFNE Phi-Factory. A powerful feedback system makes it possible to store and collide up to 1250 mA of positron current in 105 bunches. Nevertheless, a much higher current (> 2.4A) has been successfully stored in the twin electron ring. Measurements have been carried out to understand the positron current limit and to characterize the behavior of the horizontal instability at high current with different bunch patterns. Grow/damp turn-by-turn data obtained by turning off the horizontal feedback have been acquired and analyzed. Spectral analysis and grow rates of the instability are shown. In particular, the -1 mode has strong evidence and fast grow rate. Its grow rate behavior is analyzed at different beam currents and bunch patterns. | ||
| TOAC002 | Beam Loading Compensation for Super B-Factories | 154 |
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Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. Super B-factory designs under consideration expect to reach luminosities in the 1035 - 1036 range. The dramatic luminosity increase relative to the existing B-factories is achieved, in part, by raising the beam currents stored in the electron and positron rings. For such machines to succeed it is necessary to consider in the RF system design not only the gap voltage and beam power, but also the beam loading effects. The main effects are the synchronous phase transients due to the uneven ring filling patterns and the longitudinal coupled-bunch instabilities driven by the fundamental impedance of the RF cavities. A systematic approach to predicting such effects and for optimizing the RF system design will be presented. Existing as well as promising new techniques for reducing the effects of heavy beam loading will be described and illustrated with examples from the existing storage rings including PEP-II, KEKB, and DAFNE. |
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| WPAT041 | Klystron Linearizer for Use with 1.2 MW 476 MHz Klystrons in PEP-II RF Systems | 2660 |
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Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. The direct and comb loop feedback around the RF cavities in PEP-II is critical in reducing longitudinal instabilities driven by the cavity impedance, and the non-linear 1 MW klystron is in the signal path for these feedback loops. As a result, the effective small-signal gain of the klystron at 85% saturation reduces the impedance control by factors of 5 to 20 as compared to a linear power amplifier. A klystron linearizer circuit has been developed which operates in series with the power amplifier and acts to equalize the small and large signal gains through the combination. The technique must implement a 1 MHz linear control bandwidth over roughly 15 dB of RF signal level variation. The dynamics of this system is operating point dependent, and the channel must have dynamic gain compensation to keep the linearity compensation loop stable over changes in operating point. The design of this non-linear signal processing channel (incorporating RF and DSP techniques) and measured results from full-power klystron testing are presented. |
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| WPAT045 | A Non-Invasive Technique for Configuring Low Level RF Feedback Loops in PEP-II | 2863 |
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Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. The RF system of the PEP-II collider uses two fast feedback loops around each klystron and set of cavities. These loops reduce the impedance of the fundamental mode of the accelerating cavities seen by the beam, and are necessary to reduce the growth rates of longitudinal modes within the RF system bandwidth. Operation of the accelerator at high beam currents is very sensitive to the configuration of the low-level RF feedback loops. There are 7 loop control parameters that strongly influence the stability of the feedback loops and the achieved level of longitudinal impedance reduction. Diagnostic techniques for the analysis of the RF feedback via closed-loop system transfer function measurements will be presented. The model is fit to the measured closed-loop transfer function data and the extracted parameters are then used to calculate optimal tuning and corrections to the loop control elements in the physical channel. These techniques allow fine-tuning of RF feedback with stored beam as well as diagnosis of mis-configured or malfunctioning elements of the system. Results from PEP-II operation will be presented to illustrate the techniques and their applications. |
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| WPAT074 | In Depth Diagnostics for RF System Operation in the PEP-II B Factory | 3931 |
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Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. The PEP-II RF systems incorporate numerous feedback loops in the low-level processing for impedance control and operating point regulation. The interaction of the multiple loops with the beam is complicated, and the systems incorporate online diagnostic tools to configure the feedback loops as well as to record fault files in the case of an RF abort. Rapid and consistent analysis of the RF-related beam aborts and other failures is critical to the reliable operation of the B-Factory, especially at the recently achieved high beam currents. Procedures and algorithms used to extract diagnostic information from time domain fault files are presented and illustrated via example interpretations of PEP-II fault file data. Example faults presented will highlight the subtle interpretation required to determine to root cause. Some such examples are: abort kicker firing asynchronously, klystron and cavity arcs, beam loss leading to longitudinal instability, tuner read back jumps and poorly configured low-level RF feedback loop. |
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| TPPP034 | Parameters of a Super-B-Factory Design | 2333 |
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Funding: Work supported by DOE contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. Submitted for the High Luminosity Study Group: Parameters are being studied for a high luminosity e+e- collider operating at the Upsilon 4S that would deliver a luminosity in the range of 7 to 10 x 1035/cm2/s. Particle physics studies dictate that a much higher luminosity collider is needed to answer new key physics questions. A Super-B-Factory with 20 to 100 times the performance of the present PEP-II accelerator would incorporate a higher frequency RF system, lower impedance vacuum chambers, higher power synchrotron radiation absorbers, and stronger bunch-by-bunch feedback systems. Parameter optimizations are discussed. |
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| TPPP035 | Performance of the PEP-II B-Factory Collider at SLAC | 2369 |
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Funding: Work supported by DOE contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. For the PEP-II Operation Staff: PEP-II is an asymmetric e+e- collider operating at the Upsilon 4S and has recently set several performance records. The luminosity has reached 9.2 x 1033/cm2/s. PEP-II has delivered an integrated luminosity of 710/pb in one day. It operates in continuous injection mode for both beams boosting the integrated luminosity. The peak positron current has reached 2.55 A in 1588 bunches. The total integrated luminosity since turn on in 1999 has reached 256/fb. This paper reviews the present performance issues of PEP-II and also the planned increase of luminosity in the near future to over 2 x 1034/cm2/s. Upgrade details and plans are discussed. |
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| ROAA001 | DAFNE Operation and Plans for DAFNE2 | 112 |
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| The e+e- collider DAFNE, a 1.02 Gev c.m. Phi-factory, has exceeded 1.2 1032 cm-2s-1 peak luminosity with 7.5 pb-1 maximum daily integrated luminosity. At the present performance the physics program of the three main experiments DEAR, FINUDA and KLOE will be completed by mid 2007. In this paper we describe the steps which have led to the luminosity improvement and present proposals for the upgrade of the collider towards higher energy and/or luminosity. The main accelerator issues on which we are planning to rely for this purpose, such as lattices with negative momentum compaction, strong RF focusing, design of high field magnets and Linac upgrade, are discussed in detail. | ||
| ROAA003 | Proposal of an Experiment on Bunch Length Modulation in DAFNE | 336 |
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| Obtaining very short bunches is a challenge for colliders and Coherent Synchrotron Radiation sources as well. The modulation of the bunch length in a strong RF focusing regime has been proposed, corresponding to a large value of the synchrotron tune. A ring structure where the dependence of the longitudinal position of a particle on its energy (R56) along the ring oscillates between large positive and negative values can produce a bunch length modulation. The synchrotron frequency can be tuned both by means of the rf voltage and by the integral of R56, down to the limit of zero value corresponding to the isochronicity condition. We present here the proposal of bunch length modulation along the DAFNE rings. Its lattice can be tuned to positive or negative momentum compaction, or to structures in which the two arcs are alternately set to positive/negative integrals of R56. With the proposed installation of an extra RF system at 1.3 GHz, experiments on bunch length modulation both in the high and low synchrotron tune regimes can be realized. |