• C. Johnstone, P. Snopok
  Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
• M. Berz
  MSU, East Lansing, Michigan

With increasing demands for luminosity, optimal performance must be extracted from the existing Tevatron optics. We have, therefore, initiated a high-order dynamical study of the Tevatron to assess the performance, functionality and potential of the baseline lattice. This work describes the nonlinear or high-order performance of the Tevatron lattice with emphasis on the coupled and increased nonlinear behavior introduced by the significant skew quadrupole error in combination with conventional sextupole correction, a behavior still clearly evident after optimal tuning of available skew quadrupole circuits. An optimization study is then performed using different skew quadrupole families, and, importantly, local and global correction of the linear skew terms in maps generated by the code, COSY. A correction scheme, with two families locally correcting each arc and eight independent correctors outside the arc for global correction is shown to be optimal and dramatically improve the linear performance of the baseline Tevatron lattice.

• S.R. Koscielniak
  TRIUMF, Vancouver
• C. Johnstone
  Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois

A fixed-field alternating-gradient accelerator (FFAG) that employs only linear-field elements ushers in a new regime in accelerator design and dynamics. The linear-field machine has the ability to compact an unprecedented range in momenta within a small component aperture. With a tune variation which results from the natural chromaticity, the beam crosses many strong, uncorrec-table, betatron resonances during acceleration. Further, relativistic particles in this machine exhibit a quasi-parabolic time-of-flight that cannot be addressed with a fixed-frequency rf system. This leads to a new concept of bucketless acceleration within a rotation manifold. With a large energy jump per cell, there is possibly strong synchro-betatron coupling. A few-MeV electron model has been proposed to demonstrate the feasibility of these untested acceleration features and to investigate them at length under a wide range of operating conditions. This paper presents a lattice optimized for a 1.3 GHz rf, initial technology choices for the machine, and describes the range of experiments needed to characterize beam dynamics along with proposed instrumentation.

• C. Johnstone, A. Bross, I. Rakhno
  Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois

A new experimental area designed to develop, test and verify muon ionization cooling using the 400- MeV Fermilab Linac proton beam began construction in spring, 2002. This area will be used initially for cryogenic tests of liquid-hydrogen absorbers for the MUCOOL R&D program and, later, for high-power beam tests of these absorbers and other prototype muon-cooling apparatus. The experimental scenarios being developed for muon facilities involve collection, capture, and cooling of large-emittance, high-intensity muon beams–~1013 muons at a repetition rate of 15Hz, so that conclusive tests of the apparatus require full Linac beam, or 1.6 x 1013 p at 15 Hz. To support the muon cooling facility, a new primary beamline will divert beam from the Linac to the test facility. Located southwest of Wilson Hall between the Linac berm and parking lot, implementation of the facility and associated beamline takes advantage of civil construction and resources that remain from the 400-MeV Linac Upgrade Project. The design concept for the MuCool facility is taken from an earlier proposal, but modifications to the existing proposal were necessary to accommodate high-intensity beam, cryogenics, and the increased scale of the cooling experiments.

• C. Johnstone
  Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
• M. Berz, K. Makino
  MSU, East Lansing, Michigan

The staging and optimization in the design of a Neutrino Factory are critically dependent on the choice and format of accelerator. Possibly the simplest, lowest-cost scenario is a nonscaling FFAG machine coupled to a linear (no bending) transverse cooling channel constructed from the simplest quadrupole lens system, a FODO cell. In such a scenario, transverse cooling demands are reduced by a factor of 4 and no longitudinal cooling is required relative to acceleration using a Recirculating Linac (RLA). Detailed simulations further show that a quadrupole-based channel cools efficiently and over a momentum range which is well-matched to FFAG acceleration. Details and cooling performance for a quadrupole channel are summarized in this work.