NAPAC2016 - List of Authors (Johnson, R.P.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOPOB52	Dielectric Loaded High Pressure Gas Filled RF Cavities for Use in Muon Cooling Channels	177
	B.T. Freemire IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA M. Backfish, D.L. Bowring, A. Moretti, D.W. Peterson, A.V. Tollestrup, K. Yonehara Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA R.P. Johnson Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA A.V. Kochemirovskiy University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA Y. Torun Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illlinois, USA
	Funding: Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy. High brightness muon beams require significant six dimensional cooling. One cooling scheme, the Helical Cooling Channel, employs high pressure gas filled radio frequency cavities, which provide both the absorber needed for ionization cooling, and a means to mitigate RF breakdown. The cavities are placed along the beam's trajectory, and contained within the bores of superconducting solenoid magnets. Gas filled RF cavities have been shown to successfully operate within multi-Tesla external magnetic fields, and not be overcome with the loading resulting from beam-induced plasma. The remaining engineering hurdle is to find a way to fit 325 and 650 MHz single cell pillbox cavities within the bores of the magnets using modern technology. One method to accomplish this is to partially fill the cavities with a dielectric material. Alumina (Al2O3) is an ideal dielectric, and the experimental test program to determine its performance under high power in a gas filled cavity has concluded. The final results, and their implications for the design of a muon cooling channel based on gas filled RF cavities will be discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-MOPOB52
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MOPOB58	Eddy Current Calculations for a 1.495 GHz Injection-Locked Magnetron	198
	S.A. Kahn, A. Dudas, R.P. Johnson, M.L. Neubauer Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA H. Wang JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	An injection-locked amplitude modulated magnetron is being developed as a reliable, efficient RF source that could replace klystrons used in particle accelerators. The magnetron amplitude is modulated using a trim magnetic coil to alter the magnetic field in conjunction with the anode voltage to suppress the emittance growth due to microphonics and changing beam loads. The rate for microphonic noise can have frequencies in the range 10-50 Hz. This is competitive to the inductive decay time of the trim coil. Eddy currents will be induced in the copper anode of the magnetron that will buck the field from the trim coil in the interaction region. This paper will describe the magnetic circuit of the proposed magnetron as well as the calculation and handling of the Eddy currents on the magnetic field.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-MOPOB58
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TUA2CO03	A Novel Technique of Power Control in Magnetron Transmitters for Intense Accelerators	271
	G.M. Kazakevich, R.P. Johnson, M.L. Neubauer Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA V.A. Lebedev, W. Schappert, V.P. Yakovlev Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	A novel concept of a high-power magnetron transmitter allowing dynamic phase and power control at the frequency of locking signal is proposed. The transmitter compensating parasitic phase and amplitude modulations inherent in Superconducting RF (SRF) cavities within closed feedback loops is intended for powering of the intensity-frontier superconducting accelerators. The concept uses magnetrons driven by a sufficient resonant (injection-locking) signal and fed by the voltage which can be below the threshold of self-excitation. This provides an extended range of power control in a single magnetron at highest efficiency minimizing the cost of RF power unit and the operation cost. Proof-of-principle of the proposed concept demonstrated in pulsed and CW regimes with 2.45 GHz, 1kW magnetrons is discussed here. A conceptual scheme of the high-power transmitter allowing the dynamic wideband phase and mid-frequency power controls is presented and discussed.
	Slides TUA2CO03 [0.714 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-TUA2CO03
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TUPOA44	Future Prospects of RF Hadron Beam Profile Monitors for Intense Neutrino Beam	373
SUPO24	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	Q. Liu Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA M. Backfish, A. Moretti, V. Papadimitriou, A.V. Tollestrup, K. Yonehara, R.M. Zwaska Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA M.A. Cummings, R.P. Johnson, G.M. Kazakevich Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA B.T. Freemire IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Fermilab Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 and DOE STTR Grant, No. DE-SC0013795. A novel beam monitor based on a gas-filled RF resonator is proposed to measure the precise profile of secondary particles downstream of a target in the LBNF beam line at high intensity. The RF monitor is so simple that it promises to be radiation robust in extremely high-radiation environment. When a charged beam passes through a gas-filled microwave RF cavity, it produces electron-ion pairs in the RF cavity. The induced plasma changes the gas permittivity in proportion to the beam intensity. The permittivity shift can be measured by the modulated RF frequency and quality factor. The beam profile can thus be reconstructed from the signals from individual RF cavity pixels built into the beam profile monitor. A demonstration test is underway, and the current results has shown technical feasibility. The next phase consists of two stages, (1) to build and test a new multi-cell 2.45 GHz RF cavity that can be used for the NuMI beamline, and (2) to build and test a new multi-cell 9.3 GHz RF cavity that can be put in service in a future beamline at the LBNF for spatial resolution. These two resonant frequencies are chosen since they are the standard frequencies for magnetron RF source.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-TUPOA44
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TUPOB35	Progress on Skew Parametric Resonance Ionization Cooling Channel Design and Simulation	565
	A.V. Sy, Y.S. Derbenev, V.S. Morozov JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA A. Afanasev GWU, Washington, USA Y. Bao UCR, Riverside, California, USA R.P. Johnson Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
	Funding: This work was supported in part by U.S. DOE STTR Grant DE-SC0005589. Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. Skew Parametric-resonance Ionization Cooling (Skew PIC) is an extension of the Parametric-resonance Ionization Cooling (PIC) framework that has previously been explored as the final 6D cooling stage of a high-luminosity muon collider. The addition of skew quadrupoles to the PIC magnetic focusing channel induces coupled dynamic behavior of the beam that is radially periodic. The periodicity of the radial motion allows for the avoidance of unwanted resonances in the horizontal and vertical transverse planes, while still providing periodic locations at which ionization cooling components can be implemented. Properties of the linear beam dynamics have been previously reported and good agreement exists between theory, analytic solutions, and simulations. Progress on aberration compensation in the coupled correlated optics channel is presented and discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-TUPOB35
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WEPOA45	Positive and Negative Ions Radio Frequency Sources with Solenoidal Magnetic Field	799
	V.G. Dudnikov, R.P. Johnson Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA G. Dudnikova ICT SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia B. Han, S. Murrey, C. Stinson ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA T.R. Pennisi, C. Piller, M. Santana, M.P. Stockli, R.F. Welton ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	Funding: The work was supported in part by US DOE Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 and by STTR grant, DE-SC0011323. Operation of Radio Frequency surfaces plasma sources (RF SPS) with a solenoidal magnetic field are described. RF SPS with solenoidal and saddle antennas are discussed. Dependences of beam current and extraction current on RF power, gas flow, solenoidal magnetic field and filter magnetic field are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-WEPOA45
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WEPOA54	Simulation of a Skew Parametric Resonance Ionization Cooling Channel	813
	Y. Bao UCR, Riverside, California, USA A. Afanasev GWU, Washington, USA Y.S. Derbenev, V.S. Morozov, A.V. Sy JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA R.P. Johnson Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
	Skew Parametric-resonance Ionization Cooling (Skew-PIC) is designed for the final 6D cooling of a high-luminosity muon collider. Tracking of muons in such a channel has been modeled in MAD-X in previous studies. However, the ionization cooling process has to be simulated with a code that can handle matter dominated beam lines. In this paper we present the simulation of a Skew-PIC channel using G4beamline. We implemented the required magnetic field components into G4beamline and compare the tracking of muons by the two different codes. We optimize the cooling channel and present the muon cooling effect in the Skew-PIC channel for the first time.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-WEPOA54
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FRA1CO05	Progress of Gas-Filled Multi-RF-Cavity Beam Profile Monitor for Intense Neutrino Beams	1275
	K. Yonehara, M. Backfish, A. Moretti, A.V. Tollestrup, A.C. Watts, R.M. Zwaska Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA M.A. Cummings, A. Dudas, R.P. Johnson, G.M. Kazakevich, M.L. Neubauer Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA B.T. Freemire IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA Q. Liu Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Fermilab Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 and DOE STTR Grant, No. DE-SC0013795. A novel pressurized gas-filled multi-RF-cavity beam profile monitor has been studied that is simple and robust in high-radiation environments. Charged particles passing through each RF-cavity in the monitor produce intensity-dependent ionized plasma, which changes the gas permittivity. The sensitivity to beam intensity is adjustable using gas pressure and RF gradient. The performance of the gas-filled beam profile monitor has been numerically simulated to evaluate the sensitivity of permittivity measurements. The result indicates that the RF resonator will be useful to measure the beam profile with a charged beam intensity range from 10⁶ to 10¹³ protons/bunch. The range covers the expected beam intensities in NuMI and LBNF. The demonstration of the monitor with intense proton beams are taken place at Fermilab to validate the simulation result. The result will be given in this presentation.
	Slides FRA1CO05 [3.750 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-FRA1CO05
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FRB2IO03	GEM*STAR Accelerator-Driven Subcritical System for Improved Safety, Waste Management, and Plutonium Disposition	1300
	M.A. Cummings, R.J. Abrams, R.P. Johnson, T.J. Roberts Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
	Operation of high-power SRF particle accelerators at two US national laboratories allows us to consider a less-expensive nuclear reactor that operates without the need for a critical core, fuel enrichment, or reprocessing. A multipurpose reactor design that takes advantage of this new accelerator capability includes an internal spallation neutron target and high-temperature molten-salt fuel with continuous purging of volatile radioactive fission products. The reactor contains less than a critical mass and almost a million times fewer volatile radioactive fission products than conventional reactors like those at Fukushima. We describe GEMSTAR , a reactor that without redesign will burn spent nuclear fuel, natural uranium, thorium, or surplus weapons material. A first application is to burn 34 tonnes of excess weapons grade plutonium as an important step in nuclear disarmament under the 2000 Plutonium Management and Disposition Agreement **. The process heat generated by this W-Pu can be used for the Fischer-Tropsch conversion of natural gas and renewable carbon into 42 billion gallons of low-CO2-footprint, drop-in, synthetic diesel fuel for the DOD.
	Slides FRB2IO03 [8.681 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-FRB2IO03
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

Dielectric Loaded High Pressure Gas Filled RF Cavities for Use in Muon Cooling Channels

177

B.T. Freemire
IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
M. Backfish, D.L. Bowring, A. Moretti, D.W. Peterson, A.V. Tollestrup, K. Yonehara
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
R.P. Johnson
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
A.V. Kochemirovskiy
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Y. Torun
Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illlinois, USA

Funding: Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
High brightness muon beams require significant six dimensional cooling. One cooling scheme, the Helical Cooling Channel, employs high pressure gas filled radio frequency cavities, which provide both the absorber needed for ionization cooling, and a means to mitigate RF breakdown. The cavities are placed along the beam's trajectory, and contained within the bores of superconducting solenoid magnets. Gas filled RF cavities have been shown to successfully operate within multi-Tesla external magnetic fields, and not be overcome with the loading resulting from beam-induced plasma. The remaining engineering hurdle is to find a way to fit 325 and 650 MHz single cell pillbox cavities within the bores of the magnets using modern technology. One method to accomplish this is to partially fill the cavities with a dielectric material. Alumina (Al2O3) is an ideal dielectric, and the experimental test program to determine its performance under high power in a gas filled cavity has concluded. The final results, and their implications for the design of a muon cooling channel based on gas filled RF cavities will be discussed.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-MOPOB52

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPOB58

Eddy Current Calculations for a 1.495 GHz Injection-Locked Magnetron

198

S.A. Kahn, A. Dudas, R.P. Johnson, M.L. Neubauer
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
H. Wang
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA

An injection-locked amplitude modulated magnetron is being developed as a reliable, efficient RF source that could replace klystrons used in particle accelerators. The magnetron amplitude is modulated using a trim magnetic coil to alter the magnetic field in conjunction with the anode voltage to suppress the emittance growth due to microphonics and changing beam loads. The rate for microphonic noise can have frequencies in the range 10-50 Hz. This is competitive to the inductive decay time of the trim coil. Eddy currents will be induced in the copper anode of the magnetron that will buck the field from the trim coil in the interaction region. This paper will describe the magnetic circuit of the proposed magnetron as well as the calculation and handling of the Eddy currents on the magnetic field.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-MOPOB58

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TUA2CO03

A Novel Technique of Power Control in Magnetron Transmitters for Intense Accelerators

271

G.M. Kazakevich, R.P. Johnson, M.L. Neubauer
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
V.A. Lebedev, W. Schappert, V.P. Yakovlev
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

A novel concept of a high-power magnetron transmitter allowing dynamic phase and power control at the frequency of locking signal is proposed. The transmitter compensating parasitic phase and amplitude modulations inherent in Superconducting RF (SRF) cavities within closed feedback loops is intended for powering of the intensity-frontier superconducting accelerators. The concept uses magnetrons driven by a sufficient resonant (injection-locking) signal and fed by the voltage which can be below the threshold of self-excitation. This provides an extended range of power control in a single magnetron at highest efficiency minimizing the cost of RF power unit and the operation cost. Proof-of-principle of the proposed concept demonstrated in pulsed and CW regimes with 2.45 GHz, 1kW magnetrons is discussed here. A conceptual scheme of the high-power transmitter allowing the dynamic wideband phase and mid-frequency power controls is presented and discussed.

Slides TUA2CO03 [0.714 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-TUA2CO03

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TUPOA44

Future Prospects of RF Hadron Beam Profile Monitors for Intense Neutrino Beam

373

SUPO24

use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code

Q. Liu
Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
M. Backfish, A. Moretti, V. Papadimitriou, A.V. Tollestrup, K. Yonehara, R.M. Zwaska
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
M.A. Cummings, R.P. Johnson, G.M. Kazakevich
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
B.T. Freemire
IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by Fermilab Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 and DOE STTR Grant, No. DE-SC0013795.
A novel beam monitor based on a gas-filled RF resonator is proposed to measure the precise profile of secondary particles downstream of a target in the LBNF beam line at high intensity. The RF monitor is so simple that it promises to be radiation robust in extremely high-radiation environment. When a charged beam passes through a gas-filled microwave RF cavity, it produces electron-ion pairs in the RF cavity. The induced plasma changes the gas permittivity in proportion to the beam intensity. The permittivity shift can be measured by the modulated RF frequency and quality factor. The beam profile can thus be reconstructed from the signals from individual RF cavity pixels built into the beam profile monitor. A demonstration test is underway, and the current results has shown technical feasibility. The next phase consists of two stages, (1) to build and test a new multi-cell 2.45 GHz RF cavity that can be used for the NuMI beamline, and (2) to build and test a new multi-cell 9.3 GHz RF cavity that can be put in service in a future beamline at the LBNF for spatial resolution. These two resonant frequencies are chosen since they are the standard frequencies for magnetron RF source.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-TUPOA44

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TUPOB35

Progress on Skew Parametric Resonance Ionization Cooling Channel Design and Simulation

565

A.V. Sy, Y.S. Derbenev, V.S. Morozov
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
A. Afanasev
GWU, Washington, USA
Y. Bao
UCR, Riverside, California, USA
R.P. Johnson
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA

Funding: This work was supported in part by U.S. DOE STTR Grant DE-SC0005589. Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
Skew Parametric-resonance Ionization Cooling (Skew PIC) is an extension of the Parametric-resonance Ionization Cooling (PIC) framework that has previously been explored as the final 6D cooling stage of a high-luminosity muon collider. The addition of skew quadrupoles to the PIC magnetic focusing channel induces coupled dynamic behavior of the beam that is radially periodic. The periodicity of the radial motion allows for the avoidance of unwanted resonances in the horizontal and vertical transverse planes, while still providing periodic locations at which ionization cooling components can be implemented. Properties of the linear beam dynamics have been previously reported and good agreement exists between theory, analytic solutions, and simulations. Progress on aberration compensation in the coupled correlated optics channel is presented and discussed.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-TUPOB35

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WEPOA45

Positive and Negative Ions Radio Frequency Sources with Solenoidal Magnetic Field

799

V.G. Dudnikov, R.P. Johnson
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
G. Dudnikova
ICT SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
B. Han, S. Murrey, C. Stinson
ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
T.R. Pennisi, C. Piller, M. Santana, M.P. Stockli, R.F. Welton
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

Funding: The work was supported in part by US DOE Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 and by STTR grant, DE-SC0011323.
Operation of Radio Frequency surfaces plasma sources (RF SPS) with a solenoidal magnetic field are described. RF SPS with solenoidal and saddle antennas are discussed. Dependences of beam current and extraction current on RF power, gas flow, solenoidal magnetic field and filter magnetic field are presented.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-WEPOA45

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOA54

Simulation of a Skew Parametric Resonance Ionization Cooling Channel

813

Y. Bao
UCR, Riverside, California, USA
A. Afanasev
GWU, Washington, USA
Y.S. Derbenev, V.S. Morozov, A.V. Sy
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
R.P. Johnson
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA

Skew Parametric-resonance Ionization Cooling (Skew-PIC) is designed for the final 6D cooling of a high-luminosity muon collider. Tracking of muons in such a channel has been modeled in MAD-X in previous studies. However, the ionization cooling process has to be simulated with a code that can handle matter dominated beam lines. In this paper we present the simulation of a Skew-PIC channel using G4beamline. We implemented the required magnetic field components into G4beamline and compare the tracking of muons by the two different codes. We optimize the cooling channel and present the muon cooling effect in the Skew-PIC channel for the first time.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-WEPOA54

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FRA1CO05

Progress of Gas-Filled Multi-RF-Cavity Beam Profile Monitor for Intense Neutrino Beams

1275

K. Yonehara, M. Backfish, A. Moretti, A.V. Tollestrup, A.C. Watts, R.M. Zwaska
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
M.A. Cummings, A. Dudas, R.P. Johnson, G.M. Kazakevich, M.L. Neubauer
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
B.T. Freemire
IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Q. Liu
Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA

Funding: Work supported by Fermilab Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 and DOE STTR Grant, No. DE-SC0013795.
A novel pressurized gas-filled multi-RF-cavity beam profile monitor has been studied that is simple and robust in high-radiation environments. Charged particles passing through each RF-cavity in the monitor produce intensity-dependent ionized plasma, which changes the gas permittivity. The sensitivity to beam intensity is adjustable using gas pressure and RF gradient. The performance of the gas-filled beam profile monitor has been numerically simulated to evaluate the sensitivity of permittivity measurements. The result indicates that the RF resonator will be useful to measure the beam profile with a charged beam intensity range from 10⁶ to 10¹³ protons/bunch. The range covers the expected beam intensities in NuMI and LBNF. The demonstration of the monitor with intense proton beams are taken place at Fermilab to validate the simulation result. The result will be given in this presentation.

Slides FRA1CO05 [3.750 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-FRA1CO05

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FRB2IO03

GEM*STAR Accelerator-Driven Subcritical System for Improved Safety, Waste Management, and Plutonium Disposition

1300

M.A. Cummings, R.J. Abrams, R.P. Johnson, T.J. Roberts
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA

Operation of high-power SRF particle accelerators at two US national laboratories allows us to consider a less-expensive nuclear reactor that operates without the need for a critical core, fuel enrichment, or reprocessing. A multipurpose reactor design that takes advantage of this new accelerator capability includes an internal spallation neutron target and high-temperature molten-salt fuel with continuous purging of volatile radioactive fission products. The reactor contains less than a critical mass and almost a million times fewer volatile radioactive fission products than conventional reactors like those at Fukushima. We describe GEMSTAR , a reactor that without redesign will burn spent nuclear fuel, natural uranium, thorium, or surplus weapons material. A first application is to burn 34 tonnes of excess weapons grade plutonium as an important step in nuclear disarmament under the 2000 Plutonium Management and Disposition Agreement **. The process heat generated by this W-Pu can be used for the Fischer-Tropsch conversion of natural gas and renewable carbon into 42 billion gallons of low-CO2-footprint, drop-in, synthetic diesel fuel for the DOD.

Slides FRB2IO03 [8.681 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-FRB2IO03

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)