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| TUM2I04 |
Ionization Cooling
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emittance, collider, simulation, factory |
68 |
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- R. P. Johnson
Muons, Inc, Batavia
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Funding: Supported by DOE SBIR/STTR grants DE-FG02-04ER84016, 04ER86191, 05ER86252, and 05ER886253
All three components of a particle’s momentum are reduced as a particle passes through and ionizes some energy absorbing material. If the longitudinal momentum is regenerated by RF cavities, the angular divergence of the particle is reduced. This is the basic concept of ionization cooling. What can be done for a muon beam with this simple idea is almost amazing, especially considering that the muon lifetime is only 2.2 μs in its rest frame. In this lecture we will discuss the evolution and present status of this idea, where we are now ready to design muon colliders, neutrino factories, and intense muon beams with very effective cooling in all six phase space dimensions. The discussion will include the heating effects and absorber Z-dependence of multiple scattering, numerical simulation programs, the accuracy of scattering models, emittance exchange, helical cooling channels, parametric-resonance ionization cooling, reverse emittance exchange, and the ionization cooling demonstration experiments, MICE and MANX.
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Slides
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| TUA1C03 |
Necessary Condition for Beam Ordering
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proton, electron, ion, simulation |
87 |
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- A. V. Smirnov, I. N. Meshkov, A. O. Sidorin
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region
- J. Dietrich
FZJ, Jülich
- A. Noda, T. Shirai, H. Souda, H. Tongu
Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto
- K. Noda
NIRS, Chiba-shi
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The very low momentum spread for small number of particle was reached on different storage rings. When the sudden reduction of the momentum spread ("phase transition") was observed during decreasing of the particle number it was interpreted as ordered state of ion beams. The most extensive study of ordered ion beams was done on storage rings ESR (GSI, Darmstadt) and CRYRING (MSL, Stockholm). Recently, for the first time, the ordered proton beam has been observed on S-LSR (Kyoto University). From analysis of the ESR experimental results we assumed that the ordered state can be observed if the dependence of momentum spread on the particle number can be approximated as ∆P/P ~ Nk for k < 0.3. In pioneering experiments at NAP-M (INP, Novosibirsk) and, in recent years, at COSY (FZJ, Juelich) the phase transition was not observed and the coefficient was found equal k > 0.5. This report presents the experimental investigations of low intensity proton beams on COSY and S-LSR which have the aim to formulate the necessary conditions for the achievement of the ordered state. The experimental studies on S-LSR and numerical simulations with the BETACOOL code were done for the dependence of the momentum spread and transverse emittances on particle number with different misalignments of the magnetic field at the cooler section. As result of both experimental and numerical studies one can conclude that the necessary condition for the phase transition appearance is k < 0.3.
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Slides
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| THAP22 |
Limitations of the Observation of Beam Ordering
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ion, electron, proton, emittance |
217 |
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- M. Steck, K. Beckert, P. Beller, C. Dimopoulou, F. Nolden
GSI, Darmstadt
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One dimensional beam ordering of electron cooled low intensity heavy ion beams has been evidenced at the ESR storage ring as a discontinuous reduction of the momentum spread. Depending on the beam parameters, technical imperfections or any sources of heating can hamper or even prevent the observation of the momentum spread reduction. Limitations for the detection of the ordered beam will be described and illustrated by experimental results.
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