Muons, Inc, Batavia
All three components of a particle’s momentum are reduced as a particle passes through and ionizes some energy absorbing material. If the longitudinal momentum is regenerated by RF cavities, the angular divergence of the particle is reduced. This is the basic concept of ionization cooling. What can be done for a muon beam with this simple idea is almost amazing, especially considering that the muon lifetime is only 2.2 μs in its rest frame. In this lecture we will discuss the evolution and present status of this idea, where we are now ready to design muon colliders, neutrino factories, and intense muon beams with very effective cooling in all six phase space dimensions. The discussion will include the heating effects and absorber Z-dependence of multiple scattering, numerical simulation programs, the accuracy of scattering models, emittance exchange, helical cooling channels, parametric-resonance ionization cooling, reverse emittance exchange, and the ionization cooling demonstration experiments, MICE and MANX.
