CERN, Geneva
During the 2008 LHC injection synchronisation tests and the subsequent days with circualting beam, the majority of the LHC beam instrumentation systems were capable of measuring their first beam parameters. This includes the two large, distributed, beam position and beam loss systems, as well as the scitillating and OTR screen systems, the fast and DC beam current transformer systems, the tune measurement system and the wire scanner system. The fast timing system was also extensively used to synchronise most of this instrumentation. This paper will comment on the results to date, some of the problems observed and improvements to be implemented before the next LHC run.
CERN, Geneva
The LHC collision rate monitors (BRAN) will be used to monitor and optimize the luminosity at the four interaction points (IP). Depending on the expected level of luminosity for a given IP two different designs have been developed for LHC. At IP1 and IP5, the high luminosity experiments, the BRAN consist of fast ionization chambers and at IP2 and IP8, where the collision rate will be smaller, they consist of fast polycristalline-CdTe detectors. A better understanding of the performances of those detectors can be provided by detailed tracking simulations of the collision products coming from the IP within the detector. Here we report about the results of simulations done with FLUKA as well as a comparison with measurements done in the SPS.
LBNL, Berkeley, California
CERN, Geneva
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
The Luminosity Monitor for the LHC has been built at LBL and is going to be installed in the LHC in early 2009. The device designed for the high luminosity regions (ATLAS and CMS) is a gas ionization chamber, that is designed with the ability to resolve bunch by bunch luminosity as well as survive extreme levels of radiation. During the experimental R&D phase of its design, the prototype of this detector has been tested extensively in RHIC as well as in the SPS. Result of these experiments are shown here, with comments on the implications for early operations of the LHC.