IPAC2011 - List of Keywords (lattice)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOOCA03	Updates to the International Linear Collider Damping Rings Baseline Design	damping, electron, positron, cavity	32
	S. Guiducci, M.E. Biagini INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy G. Dugan, M.A. Palmer, D. L. Rubin CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA J. Gao, D. Wang IHEP Beijing, Beijing, People's Republic of China M.T.F. Pivi, Y. Sun SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA J. Urakawa KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	A new baseline design for the International Linear Collider (ILC) damping rings has been adopted which reduces the ring circumference to 3.2 km from 6.4 km. This design change is associated with a revised plan to operate the ILC with one half the beam current originally specified in the ILC Reference Design Report. We describe the new layout and lattice that has been developed for the shorter ring. In addition, we discuss features of the new design that will allow operation at a 10Hz repetition rate which is twice the rate specified for baseline operation. Finally, we examine the implications for restoring operation with the originally specified beam current while maintaining the smaller ring circumference.
	Slides MOOCA03 [2.381 MB]

MOPO033	Design and Development of a Laser Positioning System for TPS Magnets Alignment Inspection during the Installation on a Girder	laser, quadrupole, sextupole, alignment	556
	Chen, M. L. Chen, H.C. Ho, K.H. Hsu, W.Y. Lai, S.Y. Perng, Y.L. Tsai, T.C. Tseng, H.S. Wang NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan J.-R. Chen National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	A novel optical inspection architecture is designed and developed for positioning the TPS (Taiwan Photon Source) quadrupole and sextupole magnets on the girder within 30 um. This positioning system is a laser-based scheme consists of two laser position sensing devices (PSD) and two granite blocks as the standard reference of magnets. The laser position sensing device (PSD) is mounted on an adjustable circular steel module and the module is installed in a granite block. With the PSD position being adjusted and corrected, the PSD module center can be identical to the ideal pole position of magnets on the girder within 10um. The Laser ray is also adjusted and aligned according to the ideal reference line of magnets. Finally the granite blocks are replaced with the quadrupole and sextupole magnets at installation, the assembling error of magnets can be detected from the PSD module. This paper describes the detail of the system development and testing results.

MOPS012	Optics Considerations for Lowering Transition Energy in the SPS	optics, injection, resonance, emittance	619
	H. Bartosik, G. Arduini, Y. Papaphilippou CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Beam stability for high intensity LHC beams in the SPS can be improved by increasing the slippage factor, i.e. reducing the transition energy. In this paper, possible ways of modifying the optics of the SPS for lower transition energy are reviewed. In particular, a threefold increase of the slippage factor at injection can be achieved by decreasing the integer part of the tunes by 6 units. The properties of this new low-transition optics are compared with the nominal SPS optics, including working point and resonance behavior. Possible limitations are discussed.

MOPS015	40-80 MHz Muon Front-End for the Neutrino Factory Design Study	cavity, solenoid, factory, target	628
	G. Prior, S.S. Gilardoni CERN, Geneva, Switzerland A.E. Alexandri University of Patras, Rio, Greece
	Funding: EU FP7 EUROnu WP3. CERN summer student programme. To understand better the neutrino properties, machines able to produce an order of 10²¹ neutrinos per year have to be built. One of the proposed machine is called a neutrino factory. In this scenario, muons produced by the decay of pions coming from the interaction of a proton beam onto a target are accelerated to energies of several GeV and injected in a storage ring where they will decay in neutrinos. The so-called front-end section of the neutrino factory is conceived to reduce the transverse divergence of the muon beam and to adapt its temporal structure to the acceptance of the downstream accelerators to minimize losses. We present a re-evaluation of the muon front-end scenario which used 40-80 MHz radio-frequency cavities capturing one sign at a time in a single-bunch to bucket mode. The standard software environment of the International Study for the Neutrino Factory (IDS-NF) has been used, for comparison of its performance with the IDS-NF baseline front-end design which operates with higher frequency (330-200 MHz) capturing in a train of alternated sign the muons bunches.

MOPS068	Localization of Transverse Impedance Sources in the SPS using HEADTAIL Macroparticle Simulations	impedance, quadrupole, simulation, ion	757
	N. Biancacci, G. Arduini, E. Métral, D. Quatraro, G. Rumolo, B. Salvant, R. Tomás CERN, Geneva, Switzerland N. Biancacci, M. Migliorati, L. Palumbo Rome University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy R. Calaga BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	In particle accelerators, beam coupling impedance is one of the main contributors to instability phenomena that lead to particle losses and beam quality deterioration. For this reason these machines are continuously monitored and the global and local amount of impedance needs to be evaluated. In this work we present our studies on the local transverse impedance detection algorithm. The main assumptions behind the algorithm are described in order to understand limits in reconstructing the impedance location. The phase advance response matrix is analyzed in particular for the SPS lattice, studying the different response from 90,180,270 degrees phase advance sections. The thin lenses scheme is also implemented and new analytical formulas for phase advance beating were derived. This avails us to put reconstructing lenses everywhere in the lattice, and to study their positioning scheme. Limits in linear response are analyzed. This sets the upper and lower limits in reconstruction to the phase advance measurement accuracy and the linear response regime limit.

MOPZ007	A Non-scaling Fixed Field Alternating Gradient Accelerator for the Final Acceleration Stage of the International Design Study of the Neutrino Factory	kicker, extraction, injection, cavity	832
	J.S. Berg BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA M. Aslaninejad, J. Pasternak Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom N. Bliss, M.A. Cordwell, T.J. Jones STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom D.J. Kelliher, S. Machida STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom A.A. Muir STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom H. Witte JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
	Funding: This manuscript has been authored by employees of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The International Design Study of the Neutrino Factory (IDS-NF) has recently completed its Interim Design Report (IDR), which presents our current baseline design of the neutrino factory. To increase the efficiency and reduce the cost of acceleration, the IDR design uses a linear non-scaling fixed field alternating gradient accelerator (FFAG) for its final acceleration stage. We present the current lattice design of that FFAG, including the main ring plus its injection and extraction systems. We describe parameters for the main ring magnets, kickers, and septa, as well as the power supplies for the kickers. We present a first pass at an engineering layout for the ring and its subsystems.

MOPZ009	The Muon Linac for the International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory	linac, cavity, cryomodule, factory	838
	A. Kurup, M. Aslaninejad, C. Bonţoiu, J.K. Pozimski Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom K.B. Beard Muons, Inc, Batavia, USA S.A. Bogacz, V.S. Morozov JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	The first stage of muon acceleration in the Neutrino Factory utilises a superconducting linac to accelerate muons from 244 MeV to 900 MeV. The linac is split into three types of cryomodules with decreasing magnetic fields and increasing amounts of RF voltage but with the design of the superconducting solenoid and RF cavities being the same for all cryomodules. The current status of the muon linac for the International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory will be presented including a final lattice design of the linac; electromagnetic simulations; and a preliminary cost estimate.

MOPZ010	An Accelerator Design Tool for the International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory	factory, simulation, solenoid, HOM	841
	A. Kurup Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom P. Bonnal, B. Daudin, J. De Jonghe, M. Dutour CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	A tool has been developed to simplify the accelerator design process from the lattice design, through tracking simulations with engineering features, to costing the facility. The aim of this tool is to facilitate going through the design loop efficiently and thus allow engineering features to be included early on in the design process without hindering the development of the lattice design. The tool uses a spreadsheet to store information about the accelerator and can generate MADX input files, G4beamline input files and interfaces with the costing tool developed by CERN. Having one source for the information simplifies going between lattice simulations, tracking simulations and costing calculations and eliminates the possibility of introducing discrepancies in the design. The application of this tool to cost the Neutrino Factory, which is part of the IDS-NF and EUROnu studies for delivering the Reference Design Report, will be presented.

MOPZ030	Status of Studies of Achromat-based 6D Ionization Cooling Rings for Muons	injection, solenoid, kicker, extraction	865
	X.P. Ding, D.B. Cline UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA J.S. Berg, H.G. Kirk BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA A.A. Garren Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy in part under award numbers DE-FG02-92ER40695 (UCLA), DE-AC02-98CH10886 (BNL) and DE-FG02-07ER84855 (Particle Beam Lasers, Inc.)” Six dimensional ionization cooling of muons is needed to achieve the necessary luminosity for a muon collider. If that cooling could occur over multiple turns in a closed ring, there would be significant cost savings over a single-pass cooling channel. We report on the status of a cooling ring with achromatic arcs. The achromatic design permits the design to easily switch between a closed ring and a snaking geometry on injection or extraction from the ring. The ring is designed with sufficient space in each superperiod for injection and extraction magnets. We describe the ring's lattice design, performance, and injection/extraction requirements.

MOPZ031	Multipass Muon RLA Return Arcs based on Linear Combined-function Magnets	linac, dipole, quadrupole, optics	868
	V.S. Morozov, S.A. Bogacz, Y. Roblin JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA K.B. Beard Muons, Inc, Batavia, USA
	Funding: Supported in part by US DOE STTR Grant DE-FG02-08ER86351. Notice: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. Recirculating Linear Accelerators (RLA) are an efficient way of accelerating short-lived muons to the multi-GeV energies required for Neutrino Factories and TeV energies required for Muon Colliders. In this paper we present a design of a two-pass RLA return arc based on linear combined function magnets, in which both charge muons with momenta different by a factor of two are transported through the same string of magnets. The arc is composed of 60°-bending symmetric super cells allowing for a simple arc geometry closing. By adjusting the dipole and quadrupole components of the combined-function magnets, each super cell is designed to be achromatic and to have zero initial and final periodic orbit offsets for both muon momenta. Such a design provides a greater compactness than, for instance, an FFAG lattice with its regular alternating bends and is expected to possess a large dynamic aperture characteristic of linear-field lattices.

MOPZ034	Proton Contamination Studies in the MICE Muon Beam Line	proton, quadrupole, positron, emittance	871
	S.D. Blot, Y.K. Kim University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA R.R.M. Fletcher UCR, Riverside, California, USA D.M. Kaplan Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA C.T. Rogers STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) aims to demonstrate transverse beam emittance reduction for a muon beam. To create these muons, a titanium target is dipped into the ISIS proton accelerator at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK) to create pions, which are transported and decay to muons in the MICE beamline. Beam particle identification and triggering is performed using time of flight (ToF) detectors. When running the MICE beamline with positive polarity, protons produced in the target contaminate the muon beam with a sufficiently high rate to saturate the TOF detectors. Polyethylene sheets of varying thicknesses were installed to absorb the proton impurities in the beam. Studies with pion beams at momenta of 140, 200, and 240MeV/c were performed with different proton absorber thicknesses. The results of these studies show good agreement with theoretical range plots and will be presented.

MOPZ039	Dispersion-free Regions and Insertions for EMMA	sextupole, extraction, quadrupole, injection	886
	B.D. Muratori, J.K. Jones STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	EMMA (Electron Machine with Many Applications) is a prototype non-scaling electron FFAG hosted at Daresbury Laboratory. Several upgrade possibilities for EMMA are explored, from creating a dispersion-free region in the ring to facilitate injection and extraction to making an insertion in EMMA by turning it into a racetrack-style machine. A dispersion-free region may be created in two separate ways. The first is by using a layout of EMMA which is naturally dispersion-free at the start and end of each cell. This means that we can arrange for periodic dispersion-free sections in every cell or in-between cells. The second is achieved through the use of sextupoles, by going off-axis in them, one has essentially a quadrupolar force which can be used to match the dispersion to zero in a particular place and for a particular energy. The benefits and drawbacks of both methods are discussed from the point of view of practicality and space in general, and applicability to EMMA in particular.

TUODA02	Status of Sirius – a New Brazilian Synchrotron Light Source	dipole, emittance, permanent-magnet, synchrotron	931
	L. Liu, R. Basílio, J.F. Citadini, R.H.A. Farias, R.J.F. Marcondes, X.R. Resende, F. Rodrigues, A.R.D. Rodrigues, P.P. Sanchez, R.M. Seraphim, G. Tosin, F. H. de Sá LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
	We present an overview of the new synchrotron light source project Sirius, currently being designed at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS) in Campinas, São Paulo. Sirius will consist of a 480 m circumference, 3.0 GeV, 20 TBA cells, 1.7 nm.rad emittance storage ring. The dipoles will be based on the use of permanent magnet technology and will combine low field magnets (0.5 T) for the main beam deflection with a short slice of high field magnet (2.0 T) to generate photons of 12 keV critical energy with modest total energy loss. There will be 18 straight sections for insertion devices. In this report we describe the current status for the magnet lattice design and some of the subsystems.
	Slides TUODA02 [2.434 MB]

TUXB01	Methods and Tools to Simulate and Analyse Non-linear Dynamics in Electron Storage Rings	storage-ring, emittance, sextupole, quadrupole	937
	L.S. Nadolski SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
	This talk will present the different approaches and tools that have been recently developed while trying to understand or predict the non-linear dynamics of electron storage rings. Different algorithms have been recently used at different places to optimize the sextupole tunings, while the refinement of the models of existing machines together with more accurate measurement techniques enable now to fully understand the limitations of such facilities specially in the presence of insertion devices.
	Slides TUXB01 [7.624 MB]

TUOAB01	Lattice Design of a Very Low-emittance Storage Ring for SPring-8-II	dynamic-aperture, emittance, alignment, resonance	942
	Y. Shimosaki, K.K. Kaneki, T. Nakamura, H. Ohkuma, J. Schimizu, K. Soutome, M. Takao JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
	The design work for an upgrade project of the SPring-8, the SPring-8-II, is in progress. Its ultimate goal is to provide a superior brilliance of photons by reducing emittance of electrons until a diffraction limit. A multi-bend lattice has been adopted for the emittance reduction; a double-bend lattice (natural emittance of 2000 pmrad at 6 GeV), a triple-bend lattice (400 pmrad) and a quadruple-bend lattice (170 pmrad) were designed step by step for studying its feasibility. For an additional emittance reduction, beam dynamic issues for a sextuple-bend lattice have been examined for the first candidate. In this case, the natural emittance is about 70 pmrad. The dynamic aperture has been enlarged by studying beam dynamic phenomena caused by nonlinear dispersion, nonlinear chromaticity, nonlinear resonance, etc., and by optimizing linear and nonlinear optics. The lattice design for the coming upgrade of SPring-8 will be presented in detail. K. Soutome et al., "Design Study of a very Low-emittance Storage Ring for the Future Upgrade Plan of SPring-8", Proc. of IPAC10, WEPEA032, p. 2555 (2010).
	Slides TUOAB01 [4.812 MB]

TUOAB03	Enlarging Dynamic and Momentum Aperture by Particle Swarm Optimization	sextupole, dynamic-aperture, storage-ring, simulation	948
	Z. Bai, W. Li, L. Wang USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
	Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a computational intelligence algorithm for global optimization. Obtaining adequate dynamic and momentum aperture is crucial for high injection efficiency and long beam lifetime in low emittance electron storage rings. Different from nonlinear driving terms optimization, we have made direct optimization of dynamic and momentum aperture by PSO algorithm. It is critical to make a criterion for comparison of dynamic and momentum aperture tracking results in the direct optimization procedure. Thus, in this paper we first propose a quantitative criterion of dynamic aperture. Then we apply PSO to the optimization of chromatic and harmonic sextupoles to find the optimum sextupole settings for enlarging the dynamic aperture. Taking the momentum aperture into consideration, we make joint optimization of dynamic and momentum aperture. Also, the momentum aperture has its quantitative criterion. As an example of application, the dynamic and momentum aperture of an FBA lattice studied in the design of storage ring of Hefei Advanced Light Source were optimized, and the results have shown the power of PSO algorithm.
	Slides TUOAB03 [0.313 MB]

TUPC016	Status of the ATF2 Lattices	quadrupole, sextupole, multipole, optics	1027
	E. Marin, R. Tomás CERN, Geneva, Switzerland P. Bambade LAL, Orsay, France T. Okugi, T. Tauchi, N. Terunuma, J. Urakawa KEK, Ibaraki, Japan A. Seryi JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom G.R. White, M. Woodley SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	The latest status for the ATF2 Nominal and Ultra-low beta lattices designs obtained to minimize the detrimental effect of the measured multipoles are presented in this paper. A set of correction knobs for the most important aberrations at the IP have been obtained for both lattices in order to perform the tuning under realistic imperfections. Starting from the tuned ATF2 Nominal lattice a squeeze sequence reducing beta_y is performed to reach the ultra-low beta lattice. Tuning results are shown for both options.

TUPC020	Alignment and Wake Field Issues in the CLIC RTML	emittance, linac, wakefield, cavity	1039
	F. Stulle, S. Döbert, A. Latina, D. Schulte CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	At main linac injection the particle beams need to stay within tight tolerances for the transverse emittances and the pointing stability. We study how these tolerances influence alignment requirements for the RTML components and the stability of the beams entering the RTML. An emphasize is put on the booster linac and the RF cavities of the second bunch compression stage since short and long range wake fields might strongly influence beam dynamics in these parts of the RTML.

TUPC040	Modified Lattice of the Compton X-ray Source NESTOR	storage-ring, electron, sextupole, focusing	1087
	A.Y. Zelinsky, P. Gladkikh, A.A. Kalamayko, I.M. Karnaukhov, A. Mytsykov, A.A. Shcherbakov NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine
	NESTOR is Compton X-ray source that is under commissioning in NSC KIPT. One of the main parts of the facility is the middle energy storage ring (40-225 MeV). The storage ring has comprehensive lattice to provide low emittance, low beam size in the interaction point and big value of the energy acceptance. One of the NESTOR storage ring lattice feature is use of bending magnets of 0.5 m radius with combined focusing function. It leads to increasing of 3D magnetic field effects on electron beam dynamics. After NESTOR magnetic element manufacturing characteristics of element magnetic fields were measured and the effect of the real magnetic field distribution on beam dynamics was calculated. As a result, to provide project X-ray source characteristics the parameters of NESTOR storage ring lattice should be modified. The second reason for the lattice modification was the desire to increase the interaction point straight section length. The results of the beam dynamics simulation after lattice modification and optimization show that the storage ring will provide all project electron beam parameters. The results of the electron beam simulations are presented in the paper.

TUPC045	Recirculating Electron Linacs (REL) for LHeC and eRHIC	electron, linac, dipole, proton	1099
	D. Trbojevic, J. Beebe-Wang, Y. Hao, D. Kayran, V. Litvinenko, V. Ptitsyn, N. Tsoupas BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: Work performed under a Contract Number DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the auspices of the US Department of Energy. We present a design of a CW Electron Recovery Linacs (ERL) for future electron hadron colliders eRHIC and LHeC. In eRHIC, a six-pass ERL would be installed in the existing tunnel of the present Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The 5-30 GeV polarized electrons will collide with RHIC’s 50-250 (325) GeV polarized protons or 20-100 (130) GeV/u heavy ions. In LHeC a 3-pass 60 GeV CW ERL will produce polarized electrons for collisions with 7 TeV protons. After collision, electron beam energy is recovered and electrons are dumped at low energy. Two superconducting linacs are located in the two straight sections in both ERLs. The multiple arcs are made of Flexible Momentum Compaction lattice (FMC) allowing adjustable momentum compaction for electrons with different energies. The multiple arcs, placed above each other, are matched to the two linac’s straight sections with splitters and combiners.

TUPC046	Alignment Tolerances for Vertical Emittance	emittance, quadrupole, closed-orbit, dipole	1102
	K.P. Wootton, R.P. Rassool, G. Taylor The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia M.J. Boland, R.T. Dowd, G. LeBlanc, Y.E. Tan ASCo, Clayton, Victoria, Australia Y. Papaphilippou CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Alignment tolerances for the CLIC main damping ring magnetic lattice elements are presented. Tolerances are defined by the design equilibrium vertical emittance of 1 pm rad. The sensitivity of the uncorrected lattice to magnet misalignments is presented. Misalignments considered included quadrupole vertical offsets and rolls, sextupole vertical offsets, and main dipole rolls. Seeded simulations were conducted in MAD-X, and compared with expectation values calculated from theory. The lattice was found to be sensitive to betatron coupling as a result of sextupole vertical offsets in the arcs. Alignment tolerances, BPM and corrector requirements are presented also. For the same misalignment types, the equilibrium emittance of the corrected lattice is simulated. These are compared with expectation values calculated from theory. The vertical alignment tolerance of arc sextupoles is again demanding.

TUPC128	Transverse Beam Jitter Propagation in Multi-bunch Operation at ATF2	extraction, simulation, feedback, kicker	1320
	J. Resta-López, J. Alabau-Gonzalvo IFIC, Valencia, Spain P. Burrows, G.B. Christian JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom B. Constance CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Pulse-to-pulse orbit jitter, if not controlled, can drastically degrade the luminosity in future linear colliders. The second goal of the ATF2 project at the KEK accelerator test facility is to stabilize the vertical beam position down to approximately 5% of the nominal rms vertical beam size at the virtual interaction point (IP). This will require control of the orbit to better than 1 micrometer at the entrance of the ATF2 final focus system. In this paper, by means of computer simulations, we study the vertical jitter propagation along the ATF2 from the start of the extraction line to the IP. For this study pulse-to-pulse vertical jitter measurements using three stripline beam position monitors are used as initial inputs. This study is performed for the case of a bunch-train with three bunches, but could easily be extended for a larger number of bunches. The cases with and without intra-train orbit feedback correction in the extraction line of ATF2 are compared.

TUPC132	Imaging of the MAX III Electron Beam Profile Using Visible Synchrotron Radiation	electron, emittance, diagnostics, synchrotron	1332
	A. Hansson, Å. Andersson, E.J. Wallén MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden
	The recently assembled MAX III diagnostic beam line utilizes the bending magnet synchrotron radiation (SR) in the visible to ultraviolet range to form images of the transverse electron beam profile. Computer simulations model the generation and propagation of the SR through the beam line, taking into account effects such as diffraction, the longitudinally distributed source point and the curvature of the electron orbit. Using the diagnostic beam line, the electron beam size and the emittance in the MAX III synchrotron light source has been determined.

TUPC152	Comparative Study of Performance of Silicon Photomultipliers for Use in Cherenkov Fibre Optic Beam Loss Monitors	photon, electron, beam-losses, monitoring	1386
	A. Intermite The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom A. Intermite, M. Putignano, A. Wolski Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) are semiconductor photo-sensitive devices built from a matrix of Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) on a common silicon substrate, working in the limited Geiger mode and with a common readout. The fast counting ability, high timing resolution, immunity to magnetic field up to 15 T, low power consumption and relative small temperature dependence together with the small dimensions make SiPMs excellent candidates as commercially available solid state detectors, and a promising alternative to traditional photomultiplier tubes for single photon detection. Nevertheless, SiPMs do suffer from erroneous counting due to noise effects that can deteriorate their performances. These effects are, in general, heavily dependent on manufacturing quality. In this contribution, results are reported of the characterization of different models of SiPMs in terms of noise spectra and response to light, and a procedure for determining quality manufacturing parameters is described.

TUPO009	HiSOR-II, Compact Light Source with an Innovative Lattice Design	emittance, focusing, synchrotron, radiation	1464
	A. Miyamoto, S. Sasaki HSRC, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
	Funding: This work is partially supported by Cooperative and Supporting Program for Researches and Educations in University sponsored by KEK We proposed a ring that a beam orbit is not closed with one turn and return to starting point after multiple turns around the ring. The idea of this new accumulation ring was inspired based on the torus knot theory. This ring has a long length of the total closed orbit in comparison with a conventional ring which has the orbit of one turn. Therefore this ring can have many straight sections and is advantageous to installation of insertion devices. We are designing a new ring based on the shape of a (3,11) torus knot for our future plan ‘HiSOR-II’. This ring has 11 long straight sections and can place undulators effectively by placing elements such as quadrupole magnets at the place near bending magnet, outside of the orbit crossing section. Furthermore, this ring has about 3 times longer circumference in comparison with the conventional ring, the diameter of the ring is as compact as 15 m, but its circumference is as long as 130 m. On the other hand, this ring must achieve low emittance to operate as the 3rd generation light source ring. Therefore we designed lattice of this ring in reference to MAX-III and achieved low emittance by using bending magnets with combined function.

TUPO010	An Innovative Lattice Design for a Compact Storage Ring	radiation, storage-ring, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation	1467
	S. Sasaki, A. Miyamoto HSRC, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
	Funding: *This work is partially supported by Cooperative and Supporting Program for Researches and Educations in Universities sponsored by KEK. We propose a new concept of lattice design for a compact light source storage ring. In a ring with this new scheme, the electron beam may have extremely longer design orbit than that of a conventional ring. In this ring, a design orbit closes after completing multiple turns. The lattice for realizing this exotic beam orbit can be made by placing conventional accelerator components such as bending magnets, quadrupole magnets, RF cavity and so forth in an appropriate manner onto a projected torus knot in the horizontal orbit plane. Due to an extended closed orbit length, the ring with this type of lattice has larger maximum stored charge if operated in multiple-bunch mode, and has longer bunch-to-bunch interval if operated in a single-bunch mode. Also, essential for a storage ring as the synchrotron light source, a larger number of straight sections may accommodate with many insertion devices. In addition, this new scheme may provide advantages for designing a oscillator-type free electron laser and coherent radiation light source.

TUPS016	Vacuum System Design for the MAX IV 3 GeV Ring	vacuum, storage-ring, synchrotron, radiation	1554
	E. Al-dmour, D. Einfeld, J. Pasquaud, M. Quispe CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain J. Ahlbäck, M.J. Grabski, P.F. Tavares MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden
	We describe the conceptual design of the vacuum system of the 3 GeV electron storage ring in the MAX IV facility currently under construction in Lund, Sweden. The standard vacuum chambers are for the most part a cylindrical copper tube with 11 mm inner radius whereas stainless steel will be used at selected locations for beam position monitors, bellows and corrector vacuum chambers. In order to cope with the low vacuum conductance, distributed pumping will be provided through NEG coating of all chambers, including those in dipole magnets making MAX IV the first storage ring to be fully NEG coated. We present the mechanical and thermal design of these chambers and discuss the challenges involved in extracting insertion device radiation as well as coping with the heat load from both IDs and bending magnets in a machine with large bending radius, narrow chambers and tight mechanical tolerance requirements.

TUPS055	Organizing the ILC Technical Design Documentation	positron, linear-collider, damping, collider	1656
	L. Hagge, S. Eucker, B. List, N.J. Walker, N. Welle DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The Global Design Effort (GDE) for the International Linear Collider (ILC) is currently preparing the Technical Design Report (TDR), which will be released at the end of 2012 and will serve as the basis for a decision process. The TDR will be written based on the Technical Design Documentation (TDD), which captures the entire design efforts, results and rationale, including e. g. parameter lists, specifications, CAD models and drawings, cost estimation, simulations and calculations, and summary reports. Formal review meetings help making the documentation complete, correct and consistent. The TDD is stored in an Engineering Data Management System (EDMS), which ensures that it remains accessible beyond the GDE in an organized way and at a well-defined location. The EDMS provides traceability (e. g. from design decisions to corresponding cost estimates), version management and change control. The poster presents the process and tools that were established for the organization of the TDD and provides an overview of the emerging documentation.

TUPS096	ESS Parameter List Database and Web Interface Tools	linac, neutron, cavity, HOM	1762
	K. Rathsman, S. Peggs, P. Reinerfelt, G. Trahern ESS, Lund, Sweden J. Bobnar Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia
	The European Spallation Source is an intergovernmental project building a multidisciplinary research laboratory based upon the world's most powerful neutron source. The main facility will be built in Lund, Sweden. Construction is expected to start around 2013 and the first neutrons will be produced in 2019. The ESS linac delivers 5 MW of power to the target at 2.5 GeV, with a nominal current of 50 mA. The Accelerator Design Update (ADU) collaboration of mainly European institutions will deliver a Technical Design Report at the end of 2012. To ensure consistency of the information being used amongst all subgroups throughout the period of accelerator design and construction, a parameter list database and web interface have been proposed. The main objective is to provide tools to identify inconsistencies among parameters and to enforce groups as well as individuals to work towards the same solution. Another goal is to make the Parameter Lists a live and credible endeavor so that the data and supporting information shall be useful to a wider audience such as external reviewers as well as being easily accessible.

TUPZ005	Design of the NICA Collider Rings	collider, luminosity, ion, betatron	1807
	O.S. Kozlov, H.G. Khodzhibagiyan, S.A. Kostromin, I.N. Meshkov, A.O. Sidorin, N.D. Topilin, G.V. Trubnikov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	The Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) is a new accelerator complex being constructed at JINR aimed to provide the collider experiments with ion-ion (Au⁷⁹⁺) and ion-proton collisions at the energy range of 1-4.5 GeV/n and also the collisions of polarized proton-proton and deuteron-deuteron beams. Superconducting collider rings accumulate beam injected from Nuclotron and realize the conditions for beam-beam interactions to achieve the required luminosity. Each ring has the racetrack shape with two arcs and two long straight sections. Its circumference is about 500 m. The collider lattice design is subjected to have possibility of the gamma transition variation, mainly by the arcs retuning. The long straight sections contain the most of the insertion devices and are matched to the arcs, optimized to provide the final focusing of the beams in IP and accurate betatron tune adjustment.

TUPZ027	Beta* Measurement in the LHC Based on K-modulation	quadrupole, optics, luminosity, simulation	1864
	R. Calaga, R. Miyamoto BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA R. Tomás CERN, Geneva, Switzerland G. Vanbavinckhove NIKHEF, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
	Funding: This work partially supported by the US Department of Energy through the LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP). Accurate knowledge of the collision point optics is crucial to equalize the luminosities at the different experiments. K-modulation was successfully applied at several accelerators for measuring the lattice beta functions. In the LHC, it was proposed as an alternative method to compute the beta* at the collision points. Results of beta* measurements in the LHC based on the K-modulation technique are presented with comparisons to nominal segment-by-segment method.

TUPZ037	Momentum Aperture for the Low Beta* Lattices in RHIC Au-Au Runs	dynamic-aperture, heavy-ion, ion, beam-losses	1891
	Y. Luo, K.A. Brown, W. Fischer, X. Gu, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Roser, V. Schoefer, S. Tepikian, D. Trbojevic BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. In this article we calculate the momentum apertures with the low beta* lattices of 100 GeV RHIC Au-Au run. With RF re-bucketing, the maximum off-momentum spread reaches 1.7 ·10^-03 at store. To improve the momentum aperture, we need to reduce the nonlinear chromaticities. The methods to correct second order chromaticities in RHIC rings are presented. We also scan beta* at IP6 and IP8 and working point. The challenges to further reduce beta* in the RHIC Au-Au operation are discussed.

WEOBA03	Non-scaling Fixed Field Alternating Gradient Permanent Magnet Cancer Therapy Accelerator	acceleration, proton, cavity, permanent-magnet	1923
	D. Trbojevic BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA V.S. Morozov JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Work performed under U.S. DOE Contract Number DE-AC02-98CH10886. We present a design of the proton therapy accelerator from 31 MeV to 250 MeV by using racetrack lattice made of Non-Scaling Fixed Field Alternating Gradient (NS-FFAG) arcs and two parallel straight sections. The magnets in the arcs are separated function Halbach type magnets. The dipole bending field is 2.3 T, while the Neodymium Iron Boron magnetic residual induction is Br=1.3 T. The radial orbit offsets in the NS-FFAG arcs, for the kinetic energy range between 31 MeV < Ek < 250 MeV or momentum offset range -50% < δp/p < 50%, are -11.6 mm < x max < 16.8 mm, correspondingly. The straight sections used for the cavities and single turn injection/extraction kickers and septa are with zero orbit offsets. The permanent magnets accelerator should reduce overall and operating cost. It could fit into 8 x 12 m space.
	Slides WEOBA03 [2.789 MB]

WEZA01	Round Beam Collisions at VEPP-2000*	luminosity, positron, resonance, betatron	1926
	Y.M. Shatunov, D.E. Berkaev, A.N. Kirpotin, I. Koop, A.P. Lysenko, I. Nesterenko, E. Perevedentsev, Yu. A. Rogovsky, A.L. Romanov, P.Yu. Shatunov, D.B. Shwartz, A.N. Skrinsky, I. Zemlyansky BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
	The idea of round beams collision was proposed more than 20 years ago for the Novosibirsk Phi-factory design. It requires equal emittances, equal small fractional tunes, equal beta functions at the IP, no betatron coupling in the collider arcs. A 90° rotation at each passage of the transverse oscillation plane by means of solenoids in the interaction regions provides conservation of the longitudinal component of the angular moment. Thus the transverse motion becomes one-dimensional. Such a scheme helps to eliminate all betatron coupling resonances that are of crucial importance for beam-beam tune shift saturation and lifetime degradation. Only recently, the round beam concept was successfully tested at the electron-positron collider VEPP2000 at the energy of 510 MeV. Despite the low energy a high single bunch luminosity of 10³¹ cm^-2s⁻¹ was achieved together with a maximum tune shift as high as 0.1. At present the work is in progress to increase the energy of the collider to explore the range between 510 MeV and 1 GeV in collision.
	Slides WEZA01 [3.740 MB]

WEPC012	Steering-corrected 88 MHz QWRs for SARAF Phase II	cavity, linac, proton, simulation	2028
	J. Rodnizki, J. Ashkenazy, D. Berkovits, Z. Horvitz Soreq NRC, Yavne, Israel A. Kolomiets, B. Mustapha, P.N. Ostroumov ANL, Argonne, USA
	Funding: This work is partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. SARAF phase II linac is designed for 5 mA 40 MeV proton and deuteron beams. One option is to base the design on Quarter Wave Resonators (QWR). It is suggested to compensate the QWR non-symmetric magnetic field component by introducing a drift tube face tilt angle. Here we explore the applicability of this steering correction scheme to the acceleration of a CW high current low β light ion beam in an end-to-end 88 MHz QWR lattice. This can serve as a case study for multi-megawatt machines that are currently being designed by ANL. An analytical approximation is used to evaluate the on-axis beam steering behavior. Two 88 MHz QWR cavities, β=0.08 and 0.15, were designed, field and beam dynamics were simulated and optimized. Using the tube face tilt angle concept the beam steering along a QWR can be reduced to the order of 0.1 mrad. Beam dynamics lattice examination including error analysis demonstrated an efficient high performance 40 MeV linac based on 3 superconducting modules with 19 QWRs (Ep < 35 MV/m and Bp < 70 mT). The fields obtained at recent ANL tests for a 73 MHz QWR (70 MV/m and 10⁵ mT) imply that Ep is not a real limiting factor. P.N. Ostroumov and K. W. Shepard, PRST-AB 4, 110101 (2001).

WEPC013	Tests for Low Vertical Emittance at Diamond using LET Algorithm	coupling, quadrupole, emittance, simulation	2031
	S.M. Liuzzo, M.E. Biagini, P. Raimondi INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy R. Bartolini JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
	We present measurements recently performed at the Diamond Light Source, aimed at the achievement of low vertical emittance using the Low Emittance Tuning (LET) algorithm developed for a SuperB factory project presently in progress. The tests have been focused on the comparison between this method and the LOCO algorithm currently used at Diamond. Beam position monitor tilts estimate and multiple coupling response matrices have been introduced in the algorithm in order to optimize the procedure. After few iterations using vertical correctors and skew quadrupoles, very low vertical dispersion and emittance coupling, comparable to those obtained by LOCO, have been measured.

WEPC033	Decoupling Problem of Weakly Linear Coupled Double Mini-beta-y Lattice of TPS Storage Ring	coupling, betatron, storage-ring, resonance	2076
	H.-P. Chang, C.C. Chiang, M.-S. Chiu NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	Three double mini-beta-y (DMBy) lattice design of the TPS storage ring is in progress to enhance the photon sources at three of the six long straight sections. For the estimation of Touschek beam lifetime, the TRACY code is used to calculate the momentum acceptance of the linear coupled TPS 3-DMBy lattice. The weak linear coupling was generated by adding some random skew quadrupoles at all quadrupole locations in order to create 1% coupling. Using the Teng’s symplectic rotation form in program may cause trouble in decoupling the one-turn coupled matrix. This report describes how we solve this decoupling problem and some useful references and comments are also presented.

WEPC035	Double Mini-Betay Lattice for TPS Storage Ring	emittance, dynamic-aperture, multipole, quadrupole	2082
	M.-S. Chiu, H.-P. Chang, C.-T. Chen, C.C. Chiang, C.-C. Kuo, Y.C. Lee, H.-J. Tsai, C.H. Yang NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	Based on our previous design of double mini-betay optics in one 12-m straight section, NSRRC plan to implement the double mini-betay lattice in three 12-m straight sections in TPS storage ring. Those three locations chosen for double mini-betay lattice still retain the symmetry of accelerator lattice. The two symmetric minima of the vertical beta function will be created in the center of three 12-m straight sections, respectively. We strived to obtain a linear lattice such that there is no significant increase in the natural emittance. Efforts were devoted to optimize the nonlinear beam dynamics with various simulation tools. Preliminary results will be reported.

WEPC036	Coherent Synchrotron Radiation Source Based on an Isochronous Accumulator Ring with Femtosecond Electron Bunches	betatron, linac, gun, radiation	2085
	N.Y. Huang NTHU, Hsinchu, Taiwan H. Hama, F. Hinode, S. Kashiwagi, M. Kawai, X. Li, F. Miyahara, T. Muto, K. Nanbu, Y. Tanaka Tohoku University, Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Sendai, Japan W.K. Lau NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	A compact isochronous accumulator ring has been studied as a source of coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) at a wavelength region from THz to GHz. Since the thermionic rf gun is substantially stable in general, we anticipate a bunch train of very short electron pulses can be provided satisfactorily by means of velocity bunching. Careful numerical simulations show possibility of the bunch length of much less than 100 fs with a bunch charge of 20 pC, which will contain sufficiently large form factor for production of CSR at the wavelengths longer than ~ 0.1 mm. The coherent THz radiation of high average power will be achieved if the short bunches can be circulated in the accumulator ring without bunch lengthening. This paper will describe the optimization of thermionic injector to produce femtosecond bunches in addition to study of the lattice designing of complete isochronous optics for the accumulator ring.

WEPC047	Crab Crossing Schemes and Studies for Electron Ion Collider	cavity, electron, collider, ion	2115
	S. Ahmed, S.U. De Silva, Y.S. Derbenev, G.A. Krafft, V.S. Morozov, B.C. Yunn, Y. Zhang JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA A. Castilla, J.R. Delayen ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. Medium Energy Electron Ion Collider (MEIC) at JLab has been envisioned as future high energy particle accelerator beyond 12 GeV upgrade of CEBAF. Crab crossing of colliding electron and ion beams is essential for accommodating high bunch repetition frequency in the conceptual design of MEIC. The scheme eliminates parasitic beam-beam interactions and avoids luminosity reduction by restoring head-on collisions at interaction points. This requires the separation of two beams quickly to avoid parasitic collisions and the minimization of synchrotron-betatron resonance near IP which can be fulfilled by employing the crab crossing concept first proposed by R. Palmer. Let us call this original scheme as transverse crabbing for the sake of comparison with dispersive crabbing which employs the existing accelerating/bunching RF cavities and dispersion function in the section where the cavity is installed as originally proposed by G. Jackson. In this paper, we report the beam transport and optics for both transverse and dispersive crabbing schemes followed by basic beam dynamics. Moreover, alignment and stability calculations together with synchro-betatron beam dynamics will be discussed.

WEPC057	Estimation of the Dynamic Aperture by Transverse Beam Excitation with Noise Close to a Resonance	dynamic-aperture, resonance, beam-losses, sextupole	2145
	S. Sorge, G. Franchetti GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	The present heavy ion synchrotron SIS-18 will be upgraded to be used as a booster for further synchrotrons being part of the FAIR project underway at GSI. Recently, a method was developed to measure the physical aperture of SIS-18 using transverse RF noise. This method is based on the transverse expansion of the beam with noise beyond the limiting aperture generating beam loss. The aperture was determined from the comparison of the resulting time evolution of the beam current in the machine with that obtained from a numerical simulation. In this study we attempt to apply this method to determine the dynamic aperture of SIS-18.

WEPC059	Optimization of the Sextupole Scheme and Compensation of the Time-Dependent Field Errors during Slow Extraction from the Superconducting Synchrotron SIS300	extraction, sextupole, dipole, resonance	2151
	A. Saa Hernandez, P.J. Spiller GSI, Darmstadt, Germany U. Ratzinger IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
	The SIS300 synchrotron, planned for the new Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at GSI-Darmstadt, will become the first superconducting synchrotron worldwide using cos(θ) magnets for resonant slow extraction. A multi-objective optimization algorithm has been developed for the design of the non-linear magnet scheme. The optimization algorithm makes use of the analytical model for the slow extraction from Kobayashi, the analytical description of the resonance excitation and amplitude-dependent tune-shift from Bengtsson, and corrects the chromaticity in order to fulfill the Hardt condition. As a result, the placement of the chromatic and harmonic sextupole magnets in SIS300, the number of sextupole families and the gradients of these families have been optimized for a high efficiency slow extraction. The algorithm accounts also for the sextupole errors on the dipole magnets, compensating its effects. Furthermore, optimized time-dependent settings for the sextupole magnets are generated to compensate the persistent current decay occurring at slow extraction. Tolerances for the magnets are set for the limits where the compensation is no longer valid.

WEPC063	Apochromatic Twiss Parameters of Drift-quadrupole Systems with Symmetries	quadrupole, betatron, chromatic-effects, beam-transport	2163
	V. Balandin, R. Brinkmann, W. Decking, N. Golubeva DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	It was shown in , that for every drift-quadrupole system there exists an unique set of Twiss parameters (apochromatic Twiss parameters), which will be transported through that system without first order chromatic distortions. In this paper we investigate apochromatic Twiss parameters of periodic, mirror symmetric and other drift-quadrupole systems with symmetries. V. Balandin, R. Brinkmann, W. Decking, N. Golubeva, "Apochromatic Beam Transport in Drift-Quadrupole Systems", Proc. IPAC'10, Kyoto, Japan (2010).

WEPC066	High Order Non-linear Motion in Electrostatic Rings	focusing, proton, storage-ring, simulation	2172
	D. Zyuzin, R. Maier, Y. Senichev FZJ, Jülich, Germany
	The advantages of an electrostatic storage ring as compared to a magnetic ring are obvious from the point of view to search for the proton electric dipole moment (pEDM). However the magnetic and electrostatic fields have the different nature and, consequently, different features. In particular, particles moving in electrostatic field, can change their own kinetic energy as electrical field coincides with the direction of motion, which is not so for the magnetic field, where the force is always perpendicular to the direction of motion. The electrostatic rings found many applications in the atomic physics and partly the beam dynamics has been already investigated. However in EDM ring some additional specific features are added, which are considered in this paper.

WEPC067	The Spin Aberration of Polarized Beam in Electrostatic Rings	cavity, simulation, emittance, dipole	2175
	Y. Senichev, A. Lehrach, R. Maier, D. Zyuzin FZJ, Jülich, Germany
	For a beam with nonzero transverse emittance and momentum spread passing through an electric field, for example an electric focusing lens or deflector, the orientation of a spin vector becomes a function of 6D initial phase coordinates that leads to spin aberrations. We investigate this process analytically and numerically.

WEPC080	Non-linear Dynamics Optimization of the CLIC Damping Rings	resonance, emittance, dynamic-aperture, quadrupole	2205
	Y. Renier, F. Antoniou, H. Bartosik, Y. Papaphilippou CERN, Geneva, Switzerland K.P. Wootton The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
	Non-linear dynamics studies are undertaken in order to optimize the dynamic aperture of the CLIC damping rings. In this respect, advanced methods such as frequency map and resonance driving term analysis are used in order to explore the working point space with respect to single particle stability. The impact of magnet errors and misalignments, and in particular, the effect of the super-conducting damping wigglers is evaluated. Additional considerations for the working point choice are presented.

WEPC105	Multiparticle Simulation of Intrabeam Scattering for SuperB	emittance, simulation, damping, scattering	2259
	T. Demma, M.E. Biagini, M. Boscolo INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy K.L.F. Bane, A. Chao, M.T.F. Pivi SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Intrabeam scattering (IBS) is associated with multiple small angle scattering events leading to emittance growth. In most electron storage rings, the growth rates arising from IBS are much longer than damping times due to synchrotron radiation, and the effect on emittance growth is negligible. However, IBS growth rates increase with increasing bunch charge density, and for storage rings such as SuperB, that operate with high bunch charges and very low vertical emittance, the IBS growth rates can be large enough to produce significant emittance increase. Several formalisms have been developed for calculating IBS growth rates in storage rings. However these models, based on Gaussian bunch distributions, cannot investigate some interesting aspects of IBS such as its evolution during the damping process and its effect on the beam distribution. We developed a multiparticle tracking code, based on the Binary Collision Model, to investigate these effects. In this communication we present the structure of the code and simulation results obtained with particular reference to the SuperB parameters. Simulation results are compared with those of conventional IBS theories. A. Piwinski, Lect. Notes Phys. 296 (1988); J.D. Bjorken and S.K. Mtingwa, Part. Accel. 13 (1983); K. Kubo et al., Phys. Rev. ST-AB 8 (2005). ** Peicheng Yu et al., Phys. Rev. ST–AB 12 (2009).

WEPC106	Touschek Effect at DAΦNE for the New KLOE Run in the Crab-Waist Scheme	background, simulation, vacuum, scattering	2262
	M. Boscolo, P. Raimondi INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy E. Paoloni University of Pisa and INFN, Pisa, Italy A. Perez INFN-Pisa, Pisa, Italy
	Funding: Work supported by the EuCARD research programme within the 'Assessment of Novel Accelerator Concepts' work package (ANAC-WP11) The innovative crab-waist collision scheme has been recently implemented at DAΦNE for a new KLOE run. This scheme requires special attention to the Touschek effect, both for the lifetime and the machine induced backgrounds into the detector. These two aspects have been handled starting from the same Monte Carlo simulation. The DAΦNE optical model has been tuned to keep the effects of Touschek scattering under control with a trade-off between critical parameters, following the indications given by simulations. Connections between numerical results and lattice modifications are discussed here. Dedicated lifetime measurements have been carried out to validate these studies. Particle losses at the IR have been minimized by means of the same optical knobs, but in addition proper shieldings have been implemented to further decrease their impact on the detector performance. IR distributions of the Touschek particle losses have been tracked from the beam pipe into KLOE for direct comparison of measured and expected backgrounds. Moreover, these studies are carried out with the same software tools used for the SuperB factory design, allowing a direct validation test of this approach.

WEPC109	Emittance Optimization Using Particle Swarm Algorithm*	emittance, quadrupole, storage-ring, synchrotron	2271
	Z. Bai, W. Li, L. Wang USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
	In this paper we use a swarm intelligence algorithm, particle swarm optimization (PSO), to optimize the emittance directly. Some constraint conditions such as beta functions, fractional tunes and dispersion function, are considered in the emittance optimization. We optimize the strengths and positions of quadrupoles to search low emittances. Here an FBA lattice studied in the design of the Hefei Advanced Light Source storage ring is used as the testing lattice. The PSO is shown to be beneficial in the optimization.

WEPC119	PYMAD – Integration of MADX in PYTHON	simulation, status, background, optics	2289
	K. Fuchsberger, Y.I. Levinsen CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The de-facto standard software for modeling accelerator lattices at CERN is MADX (Methodical Accelerator Design), which is implemented and still maintained in the programming languages C and FORTRAN. For detailed processing, analysis and plotting of MADX results, other programming languages are often used. One very popular scripting language is PYTHON, which is widely used in the physics community and provides powerful numerical libraries and plotting routines. Therefore, access to MADX models from PYTHON is a common demand. Currently, several possible concepts for the realization of such a project are evaluated, including direct access to MADX via CYTHON (C extension of PYTHON) or the re-usage of the existing JMAD Java libraries, benefiting from the already available model-definitions. A first prototype is already in use and the release as an open source project is in preparation. This paper presents the concepts and the current status of the project, as well as some usage examples.

WEPC120	Status of JMAD, the JAVA-API for MADX	optics, controls, status, feedback	2292
	K. Fuchsberger, X. Buffat, Y.I. Levinsen, G.J. Müller CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	MADX (Methodical Accelerator Design) is the de-facto standard software for modeling accelerator lattices at CERN. This feature-rich software package is implemented and still maintained in the programming languages C and FORTRAN. Nevertheless the controls environment of modern accelerators at CERN, e.g., of the LHC, is dominated by JAVA applications. A lot of these applications, for example, for lattice measurement and fitting, require a close interaction with the numerical models, which are all defined by the use of the proprietary MADX scripting language. To close this gap an API to MADX for the JAVA programming language (JMAD) was developed. JMAD was first presented to the public about one year ago. In the meantime, a number of improvements were done, and additional MADX features (e.g., tracking) were made available for JAVA applications. Additionally, the graphical user interface was improved, and the first release as open source software is in reach. This paper describes the current status and some new features of the project, as well as some usage examples.

WEPC121	XML Constructs for Developing Dynamics Applications or Towards a Universal Representation of Particle Accelerators in XML	controls, EPICS, extraction, diagnostics	2295
	J.T.M. Chrin, R.A. Krempaska, H. Lutz, G. Prekas PSI, Villigen, Switzerland T.A. Pelaia ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	A recognized practice within the development of high-level beam dynamics applications is to separate data parameters destined for the configuration of the application from the programming language domain. The contemporary approach is to generate input files that provide the configuration parameters in a structured data format specified by the Extensible Markup Language (XML), enhancing flexibility and simplifying code maintenance. Furthermore, a careful choice of syntactic constructs, i.e. structured elements, attributes, etc., that map well to the various accelerator components, provides a basis for portability of applications. This has been exemplified by the XAL software package which initiated an XML description of the Standard Machine Format (SMF) accelerator object model. We have since adopted XML-SMF to provide an XML representation of both the Swiss Light Source (SLS) and the SwissFEL Injector Test Facility. We demonstrate how such XML constructs allow us to deploy the same orbit display application at both facilities. Our experience leads us to advocate a Universal Machine Format (UMF) that encompasses an all-inclusive XML schema for the management of accelerator information.
	Poster WEPC121 [0.313 MB]

WEPC128	Application of Dynamical Maps to the FFAG EMMA Commissioning*	simulation, closed-orbit, acceleration, target	2304
	Y. Giboudot, R. Nilavalan Brunel University, Middlesex, United Kingdom A. Wolski The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
	Funding: Work supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, UK. The lattice of the Non Scaling FFAG EMMA has four degrees of freedom (strengths and transverse positions of each of the two quadrupoles in each periodic cell). Dynamical maps computed from an analytical representation of the magnetic field may be used to predict the beam dynamics in any configuration of the lattice. An interpolation technique using a mixed variable generating function representation for the map provides an efficient way to generate the map for any required lattice configuration, while ensuring symplecticity of the map. The interpolation technique is used in an optimisation routine, to identify the lattice configuration most closely machine specified dynamical properties, including the variation of time of flight with beam energy (a key characteristic for acceleration in EMMA). yoel.giboudot@stfc.ac.uk

WEPC134	Unified Accelerator Modeling Using the Bmad Software Library	simulation, controls, photon, linac	2310
	D. Sagan, I.V. Bazarov, J.Y. Chee, J.A. Crittenden, G. Dugan, K. Finkelstein, G.H. Hoffstaetter, C.E. Mayes, S. Milashuk, D. L. Rubin, J.P. Shanks CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA R. Cope CSU, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the National Science Foundation and by the US Department of Energy under contract numbers PHY-0734867 and DE-FC02-08ER41538. The Bmad software library has proved to be a useful tool for accelerator simulations owing to its modular, object-oriented design. It is now used in a number of design, simulation and control programs at the Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-based Sciences and Education. Work is ongoing to expand Bmad in a number of directions. One aim is tohave a complete framework in order to simulate Cornell's Energy Recovery Linac from Gun cathode (including space-charge) to photon generation to photon tracking through to the x-ray experimental end stations. Other work includes synchrotron radiation tracking including reflections from the vacuum chamber walls which is useful for electron cloud investigations, spin tracking, beam break-up instability, intra-beam scattering, etc. This paper will discuss the current state of the Bmad software along with the long-term goals.

WEPC159	A Python Tracking Code and GUI for Control Room Operations	controls, storage-ring, status, dipole	2358
	M.T. Heron, J. Rowland Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	Considerable use has been made in recent years of accelerator physics modelling and online tools under Matlab. These have demonstrated the benefits of operating in a rich integrated environment and further given good portability across projects and operating systems. As a possible alternative to Matlab, Diamond has been evaluating options based on Python. Python together with the Numpy libraries and Qt Graphics provides an environment which offers a lot of the functionality of Matlab. This paper presents these developments, which include a tracking code, symplectic integrator, twiss and response matrix together with a GUI interface.

WEPC162	Investigations into Non-linear Beam Dynamics in Electrostatic Storage Rings	quadrupole, focusing, dynamic-aperture, proton	2361
	D. Newton, C.P. Welsch Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom O.E. Gorda MPI-K, Heidelberg, Germany D. Newton The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom A.I. Papash JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	Funding: Work supported by STFC, the Helmholtz Association and GSI under contract VH-NG-328. Electrostatic (ES) storage rings provide a cost-effective solution to the problem of confining low energy (beta << 1) charged particles and ions, whilst controlling the beam properties, for use in multi-pass experiments. However, compared to magnetic storage rings, the beam dynamics calculations for an ES ring show subtle differences, especially in the coupling of the longitudinal and transverse velocities and in the focusing properties of bending element fringe fields. Using the nominal design for a prototype ES ring, realistic trajectories (including fringe fields and non-linear field components) have been calculated and a comparison is made with linear lattice simulations. The effect of the non-linear field components on the beam parameters is discussed.

WEPO015	MAX IV 3 GeV Storage Ring Prototype Magnet	dipole, storage-ring, simulation, magnet-design	2427
	M.A.G. Johansson, L.-J. Lindgren MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden B. Anderberg AMACC, Uppsala, Sweden
	The MAX IV facility, currently under construction, will consist of a 3 GeV storage ring, a 1.5 GeV storage ring, and a full energy injector/SPF/FEL driver. The magnet design for the 3 GeV storage ring is conceptually identical to the MAX III storage ring magnets, with all magnet elements within each cell machined into one solid iron block. A prototype of a matching cell magnet block has been manufactured and mechanical and magnetic field measurements have been performed.

WEPO016	Design of the MAX IV/Solaris 1.5 GeV Storage Ring Magnets	ion, storage-ring, simulation, dipole	2430
	M.A.G. Johansson MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden
	The MAX IV facility, currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, will consist of a 3 GeV storage ring, a 1.5 GeV storage ring, and a full energy injector/SPF/FEL driver. The Solaris facility, which will be built in Krakow, Poland, will use an identical 1.5 GeV storage ring, injected at 500 MeV. The magnet design for the 1.5 GeV storage ring is conceptually identical to the MAX III and the MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring magnets, with several magnet elements machined into one solid iron block. Detailed design has been done in Opera3D, with a model of the full magnet block being set up and simulated, and iterated against the lattice design.

WEPS001	A New Lattice for the Beta-beam Decay Ring to Reduce the Head Tail Effects	injection, dipole, ion, dynamic-aperture	2478
	A. Chancé, J. Payet CEA/DSM/IRFU, France C. Hansen CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Funding: I acknowledge the financial support of the European Community under the European Commission Framework Programme 7 Design Study: EUROnu, Project Number 212372. The beta-beam concept relies on the production, by beta decay of radioactive ions of a very high flux, of an electron neutrino and anti-neutrino beam towards a distant detector. In this aim, the radioactive isotopes are stored in a long racetrack-shaped ring, called the decay ring, where they orbit until they decay or are lost. The intensities to store in the decay ring to obtain the required neutrino fluxes are very high (several amperes in average). Therefore, collective effects occur. Among them, the head tail effect, caused by transversal resonance impedance, is one of the main issues: the beam was shown to be unstable with the previous decay ring lattice. The transition gamma was reduced to mitigate this problem. For this purpose the lattice was changed by removing the injection from the arc to put it in a chicane which is added in one of the long straight sections. After presenting the limitation due to head tail effects, we will present the modification in the lattice and their impact on the dynamic aperture in the decay ring. Then the improvement on the beta-beam performance with respect to the lower transition gamma will be shown.

WEPS011	Application of Orbit Response Matrix Method at CSNS/RCS	closed-orbit, dipole, alignment, simulation	2505
	Y.W. An, S. Wang IHEP Beijing, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	The China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS) consists of a low energy linac and a high energy Rapid Cycling Synchrotron(RCS). RCS accumulates 80MeV beam and accelerates to 1.6GeV with 25Hz repetition rate and the average extraction beam power is 100kW. For controlling beam loss, the closed orbit should be adjusted as flexible as possible. The orbit response matrix(ORM) method is applied to correct the closed orbit distortion in RCS. The simulation study was made by using the code Linear Optics from Closed Orbit(LOCO) for CSNS/RCS, and the results of simulation study are presented.

WEPS019	Study of a Rapid Cycling Synchrotron to Replace the CERN PS Booster	injection, extraction, booster, linac	2523
	K. Hanke, O. Aberle, M. E. Angoletta, B. Balhan, W. Bartmann, M. Benedikt, J. Borburgh, D. Bozzini, C. Carli, P. Dahlen, T. Dobers, M. Fitterer, R. Garoby, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, J. Hansen, T. Hermanns, M. Hourican, S. Jensen, A. Kosmicki, L.A. Lopez Hernandez, M. Meddahi, B. Mikulec, A. Newborough, M. Nonis, S. Olek, M.M. Paoluzzi, S. Pittet, B. Puccio, V. Raginel, I. Ruehl, H.O. Schönauer, L. Sermeus, R.R. Steerenberg, J. Tan, J. Tückmantel, M. Vretenar, M. Widorski CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	CERN’s proton injector chain is undergoing a massive consolidation and upgrade program in order to deliver beams meeting the needs of the LHC Luminosity Upgrade. As an alternative to the upgrade of the existing Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB), the construction of a Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) has been studied. This machine would replace the PSB and deliver beams to the LHC as well as to CERN’s rich fixed-target physics program. This paper summarizes the outcome of the feasibility study along with a tentative RCS design.

WEPS057	Beam Dynamics Simulation in DTL with RF Quadrupole Focusing	quadrupole, focusing, linac, DTL	2625
	S.M. Polozov, A.S. Plastun MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
	There are a number of ion linear accelerators using RF focusing. Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) is the most useful RF linac in low energy range. Using of RFQ for medium energies is impractical because of low energy gain rate. Therefore, proposed to combine Drift Tube Linac (DTL), keeping tolerable energy gain rate, and RFQ. Such linac consists of periodic sequence of a several number of drift tubes and RF quadrupole electrodes, located in the same IH resonator. Different variants of the structure will be considered. Beam dynamics simulation will be carried out through these variants. Main parameters of the linac will be determine. The RF model design, providing combination of DTL and RFQ, will be proposed.

WEPS065	Segmentation in the Project-X Low Energy CW Linac Front End	cavity, focusing, linac, solenoid	2649
	J.-F. Ostiguy, B.G. Shteynas, N. Solyak Fermilab, Batavia, USA
	Funding: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC. for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-07CH11359 The low-energy front-end of the Project-X 2.5 MeV - 3 GeV linac utilizes superconducting single-spoke resonators for acceleration and solenoids for transverse focusing. To take advantage of the available accelerating field in the cavities, it is necessary to minimize the period length. This leads to a compact arrangement of cavities and solenoids with very minimal open longitudinal space. While beam position monitors and correctors can be integrated to the solenoid assemblies inside a cryostat, some instrumentation such as beam profile monitors require dedicated warm longitudinal space. In this paper we discuss an arrangement where the front-end is segmented in crystats comprising about half a dozen lattice periods separated by a minimal amount of warm longitudinal space. We discuss the impact of introducting such openings and present an optical solution integrating them. The strategy and constraints leading to this solution are outlined.

WEPS066	Residual Focusing Asymmetry in Superconducting Spoke Cavities	focusing, cavity, linac, solenoid	2652
	J.-F. Ostiguy, N. Solyak Fermilab, Batavia, USA
	Funding: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC. for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-07CH11359. Project-X is a proposed high intensity proton source at Fermilab. Protons (H⁻) are first accelerated from 2.5 to 3 GeV in a superconducting linac operating in CW mode. While most of the particles are delivered to a variety of precision experiments, a fraction ( about 10%) is further accelerated to 8 GeV in a second superconducting linac operating in pulsed mode. In the low energy front-end of the first stage CW linac, single-spoke cavities are used for acceleration while solenoids and quadrupole doublets provide transverse focusing. The transverse rf defocusing arising from the spoke cavities has a small residual asymmetry whose effect can become noticeable in periods where the transverse phase advance is low. In this paper we discuss this effect, its practical consequences, as well as possible mitigation strategies.

WEPS081	The Study of Helium Ion FFAG Accelerator*	acceleration, ion, focusing, induction	2697
	H.L. Luo, H. Hao, X.Q. Wang, H.L. Wu, Y.C. Xu USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
	As helium ion source, the periodic focusing structure model of Helium ion (He+) FFAG (Fixed-Field Alternating Gradient) accelerator was designed, providing He⁺ beam with higher beam current at a lower cost, which could be used for the study of the impact of Helium embitterment on fusion reactor envelope material. A radial sector scaling FFAG accelerator type with eight super-periods and a conventional magnetic lattice structure, a triplet focusing lattice-DFD combination, is adopted for He⁺ FFAG accelerator. In this paper, magnetic lattice is optimizing by analytical and numerical techniques. A large-aperture magnet is designed by using a 3D magnetic field simulation code OPERA-3D. Runge-Kutta tracking code used specifically for FFAG accelerator based on MATLAB language was used to track the particle in the magnetic field generated by OPERA-3D, followed by linear and nonlinear beam dynamics study. Some results of magnet design, particle tracking and dynamics study are presented in the article.

WEPS086	Three-lens Lattices for Extending the Energy Range of Non-scaling FFAGs	closed-orbit, optics, synchrotron, quadrupole	2709
	S.J. Brooks STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	In this paper it is found that a three-quadrupole focussing system can be morphed continuously through FFD, FDF and DFF variants and back again while maintaining stable optics and even keeping the two transverse tunes constant. This relates to non-scaling FFAGs, where the magnet gradients define both the focussing and the variation of the field with momentum as the closed orbit sweeps across it. A two-lens focussing system cannot change the sign of either gradient without becoming unstable, meaning non-scaling FFAGs built with such a lattice eventually encounter too large a magnetic field at low energies. However, a theoretical system of magnet field variations using three lenses, with a potentially unlimited energy range and fixed tunes is presented here.

WEPS087	Dynamics of a Novel Isochronous Non-scaling FFAG	acceleration, dynamic-aperture, closed-orbit, simulation	2712
	S.L. Sheehy STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	Many non-scaling FFAG accelerator designs involve magnetic fields that cannot be described in popular accelerator design codes, and complex beam dynamics that require extremely accurate simulations. A recent design of a 1 GeV isochronous non-scaling FFAG is used to compare the codes COSY Infinity and ZGOUBI, both of which are commonly used in FFAG design. Results are presented for the comparison of basic beam dynamics and calculated dynamic aperture.

WEPS088	Space Charge Studies of a 1 GeV Isochronous Non-scaling FFAG Proton Driver	space-charge, acceleration, simulation, emittance	2715
	S.L. Sheehy STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	The production of very high power proton drivers in the 10 MW range is a considerable challenge to the accelerator community. Non-scaling FFAGs have gained interest in this field, as they may be able to provide smaller, cheaper accelerators than existing options. The recent development of an isochronous non-scaling FFAG is a promising advance, but must be shown to have stable beam dynamics in the presence of space charge. Simulations of this design including space charge are presented and the implications discussed.

WEPS101	Lattice Design of a RCS as Possible Alternative to the PS Booster Upgrade	quadrupole, injection, space-charge, booster	2745
	M. Fitterer, M. Benedikt, H. Burkhardt, C. Carli, R. Garoby, B. Goddard, K. Hanke, H.O. Schönauer CERN, Geneva, Switzerland A.-S. Müller KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
	In the framework of the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) a new rapid cycling synchrotron as alternative to the PS Booster has been proposed. In this paper we present the lattice constraints and requirement as well as the current status of the RCS lattice design and beam dynamics studies.

WEPS102	Latest News on the Beam Dynamics Design of SPL	cavity, linac, emittance, quadrupole	2748
	P.A. Posocco, M. Eshraqi, A.M. Lombardi CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	SPL is a superconducting H− LINAC under study at CERN. The SPL is designed to accelerate the 160 MeV beam of LINAC4 to 5 GeV, and is composed of two fami¬lies of 704.4 MHz elliptical cavities with geometrical betas of 0.65 and 1.0. Two families of cryo-modules are considered: the low-beta cryo-module houses 3 low-beta cavities, whereas the high-beta one houses 8 cavities. The transverse focusing is performed with normal-conducting quadrupoles arranged in 2 different lattices: FD0 at lower and F0D0 at higher energies. The regular lattices are in-terrupted at the transition between low beta and high beta cryo-modules and for extracting medium energy beams at 1.4 and 2.5 GeV, where the change of the transverse lattice is performed. In this paper the latest beam dynamics studies will be presented together with the sensitivity of the SPL performance to RF errors, alignment tolerances and quadrupole high order components.

THOBA03	Dual AC Dipole Excitation for the Measurement of Magnetic Multipole Strength from Beam Position Monitor Data*	dipole, sextupole, kicker, simulation	2865
	M. Spata, G.A. Krafft JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Notice: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. An experiment was conducted at Jefferson Lab's Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility to develop a technique for characterizing the nonlinear fields of the beam transport system. Two air-core dipole magnets were simultaneously driven at two different frequencies to provide a time-dependent transverse modulation of the electron beam. Fourier decomposition of beam position monitor data was then used to measure the amplitude of these frequencies at different positions along the beamline. For a purely linear transport system one expects to find solely the frequencies that were applied to the dipoles with amplitudes that depend on the phase advance of the lattice. In the presence of nonlinear fields one expects to also find harmonics of the driving frequencies that depend on the order of the nonlinearity. The technique was calibrated using one of the sextupole magnets in a CEBAF beamline and then applied to a dipole to measure the sextupole and octupole strength of the magnet. A comparison is made between the beam-based measurements, results from TOSCA and data from our Magnet Measurement Facility.
	Slides THOBA03 [6.193 MB]

THPC002	Implementation of a Low-Emittance Optics for the LNLS UVX Storage Ring	optics, emittance, quadrupole, storage-ring	2907
	F. H. de Sá, L. Liu, X.R. Resende LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
	In this report we describe the theoretical optimization and implementation of a low-emittance optics for the LNLS UVX storage ring. The emittance is reduced by letting the dispersion be distributed everywhere while keeping the low vertical beta feature. The optimization strategy is based on a series of quadrupole strength scans and selection of points satisfying a number of criteria. The new mode reduces the emittance from 100 nm.rad to 40 nm.rad, including the effects of the already installed insertion devices, and keeps the working point in the same quadrant as the present operation BBY6T mode. Tests have shown a reduction of approximately 20% in the horizontal and vertical beam sizes in the middle of the dipoles, in agreement with the theoretical emittance reduction.

THPC023	Third Generation Light Source Project in Iran	dipole, booster, emittance, radiation	2954
	J. Rahighi, E. Salimi, R. safian IPM, Tehran, Iran M. Jafarzadeh, Kh.S. Sarhadi ILSF, Tehran, Iran
	The Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM) is in charge of the establishing the Iranian Light Synchrotron Source Facility (ILSF). This facility will be a 3rd generation 3 GeV storage ring with a circumference of roughly 300 m. The injector will consist of a 150 MeV Linac and a full energy booster synchrotron. The storage ring has a four-fold symmetry with 4 long (7.88m), 16 medium (4.0 m) and 12 short (2.8 m) straight sections. Within the medium straight section there are mini beta values in order to get an optimized flux density for the users. The emittance is in the range of 3 nmrad. The booster synchrotron has a circumference of roughly 192 m with an emittance of roughly 31 nmrad. It is a separated function machine in order to have the maximum flexibility. For both machine it is foreseen to use a 500 MHZ RF-system with normal conducting cavities. The machine will be build in an international collaboration, in which the main components have to be supplied from international market. The conceptual design report should be finished in 2012, the commissioning of the machine is expected to be in 2020.

THPC024	Lattice Candidates for the ILSF Storage Ring	storage-ring, emittance, dipole, synchrotron	2957
	H. Ghasem IPM, Tehran, Iran D. Einfeld CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain F. Saeidi ILSF, Tehran, Iran
	Iranian Light Source Facility (ILSF) is a new third generation synchrotron light source which is currently in design and will build in Iran. It will provide a high photon flux density to cover requirements of experimental science in several fields. Regarding to the proposed budget and in order to produce high quality X-ray pulses with several photon beamlines as a request of users, it is decided to design a very low emittance (ε<5nm-rad) storage ring with a typical beam intensity of 400 mA and circumference in the range of 280 m to 320 m. A number of design options with different lattice structure types, circumferences, etc., are explored and we present two designed lattice candidates of the ILSF storage ring. The associated Accelerator Physics issues are discussed.

THPC026	Low Momentum Compaction Optics for Elettra	optics, emittance, quadrupole, sextupole	2963
	E. Karantzoulis, A. Carniel, S. Krecic ELETTRA, Basovizza, Italy
	The DBA optics lattice of Elettra, the third generation Italian light source is closer to DBA minimum emittance condition than any other similar lattice. At the same time, although the lattice is also optimized for large acceptance, it is very inflexible to any changes like the reduction of the momentum compaction (very desirable to the IR and SR-FEL beam lines). Nevertheless a solution has been found and consists in abandoning the achromat condition and reversing the polarity of some quadrupole and sextupole families. This special optics and its applications to Elettra are presented and discussed.

THPC029	Ultra-low Emittance Light Source Storage Ring Consisting of 5-Bend Achromat Cells with Four Long Straight Sections	emittance, undulator, storage-ring, wiggler	2972
	K. Tsumaki JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
	The 6 GeV ultimate storage ring (USR) consisting of ten bend achromat cells has been proposed* and applied it to the SPring-8 Storage ring*. It has the same circumference as the SPring-8 storage ring, but does not have four long straight sections, where the SPring-8 storage ring does. The cell length is twice of that of the SPring-8 storage ring and the number of cell is half of the SPring-8. The photon beam line positions would deviate from those of the existing one. To avoid these problems, we designed a storage ring that has four long straight sections and same cell number. The cell is changed from ten bend achromat to five bend achromat and the cell length is shortened to 30 m which is the same length of the SPring-8 storage ring unit cell. The total ring consists of 44 five bend achromat cells and four long straight section cells. The emittance is 10⁴ pm and it will reduce to less than 50 pm by radiation damping of wigglers and undulators. The brightness is expected to be more than 10²2 phs/s/mm²/mrad² in 0.1%BW with 200 mA beam current. K. Tsumaki, N. Kumagai, NIM A 565 (2006) 394. ** K. Tsumaki, N. Kumagai, Proc. of EPAC06, THPLS035, p. 3362 (2006).

THPC030	Design of a BeamTransport Line from the SACLA Linac to the SPring-8 Storage Ring	emittance, linac, beam-transport, storage-ring	2975
	K. Tsumaki, K. Fukami, T. Watanabe JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan S. Itakura, N. Kumagai RIKEN/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan
	The SPring-8 Angstrom Compact Free Electron Laser (SACLA) linac has high beam qualities. The normalized emittance is less than 1 mm.mrad and the bunch length is less than 100 fs. If this high quality beam is injected to the SPring-8 storage ring, many interesting experiments can be done. On the other hand, the upgrade of the SPring-8 storage ring is under contemplation. The dynamic aperture of the new storage ring is expected to be so small that the small emittance beam is required to keep high beam injection efficiency. The SACLA linac beam also fulfills this requirement. For these reasons, it was decided to connect the SACLA linac and the SPring-8 storage ring. Since there is already an injection transport line from the SPring-8 synchrotron to the storage ring, the new transport line from the linac to this transport line has been constructed. We designed the three types of magnet lattice for the new transport line; FODO, Double Bend Achromat and Triple Bend Achromat lattice. Emittance growth and bunch lengthening are calculated for each lattice and the beam qualities are compared. In this paper, lattice design and the comparison of the beam quality for each lattice are described. C. Mitsuda et al., this conference.

THPC032	Current Status of SPring-8 Upgrade Plan	emittance, electron, brilliance, injection	2981
	T. Watanabe, T. Asaka, H. Dewa, H. Ego, T. Fujita, K. Fukami, M. Masaki, C. Mitsuda, A. Mochihashi, T. Nakamura, H. Ohkuma, Y. Okayasu, Y. Shimosaki, K. Soutome, M. Takao JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan T. Tanaka RIKEN Spring-8 Harima, Hyogo, Japan
	The SPring-8 upgrade plan has been discussed. The main goal is to replace the storage ring in the existing tunnel so that the resulting emittance will get as close to the diffraction limit in hard x-ray region as possible. For 10 keV photons, for instance, the diffraction limit corresponds to the emittance of as small as 10 pm.rad. For the challenging goal, the new ring features a multi-bend lattice with damping wigglers, which presumably enables us to reduce an emittance by two orders of magnitudes or more compared with the current double-bend lattice without damping wigglers. Up to now, a six-bend lattice has been mainly studied, which is supposed to generate a natural emittance of 60–70 pm.rad for 6 GeV. In addition, damping wigglers and coupling control should assist to reduce the emittance even more for approaching the ultimate goal. The major modification requires not only an advanced lattice design via manipulation of non-linear beam dynamics but also extensive technological developments in almost every component such as magnets, monitors, and RF systems. The overall review of the upgrade plan, including some detailed discussions on the critical issues, will be presented.

THPC058	The MAX IV Synchrotron Light Source	linac, emittance, storage-ring, vacuum	3026
	M. Eriksson, J. Ahlbäck, Å. Andersson, M.A.G. Johansson, D. Kumbaro, S.C. Leemann, F. Lindau, L.-J. Lindgren, L. Malmgren, J.H. Modéer, R. Nilsson, M. Sjöström, J. Tagger, P.F. Tavares, S. Thorin, E.J. Wallén, S. Werin MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden B. Anderberg AMACC, Uppsala, Sweden L.O. Dallin CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
	The MAX IV synchrotron radiation facility is currently being constructed in Lund, Sweden. It consists of a 3 GeV linac injector and 2 storage rings operated at 1.5 and 3 GeV respectively. The linac injector will also be used for the generation of short X-ray pulses. The three machines mentioned above will be descibed with some emphasis on the effort to create a very small emittance in the 3 GeV ring. Some unconventional technical solutions will also be presented.

THPC059	Recent Improvements to the Lattices for the MAX IV Storage Rings	storage-ring, injection, optics, dipole	3029
	S.C. Leemann MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden
	Construction of the MAX IV facility started early this year. The facility will include two storage rings for the production of synchrotron radiation. The 3 GeV ring will house insertion devices for the production of x-rays while the 1.5 GeV ring will serve UV and IR users. Recently, the lattices for the storage rings in the MAX IV facility were updated. In the 3 GeV storage ring the vertical beam size in the long straights has been reduced. The lattice of the 1.5 GeV storage ring has been updated to take into account first results from detailed magnet and vacuum system designs. Additionally, a new injection method to facilitate commissioning of the storage rings has been studied. This paper summarizes the changes made in the lattices and the effect of these modifications.

THPC064	Design Study of Low Emittance Lattice for Taiwan Light Source at 1 GeV	emittance, storage-ring, dynamic-aperture, wiggler	3041
	C.Y. Lee NTHU, Hsinchu, Taiwan C.C. Chiang, P.J. Chou NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan S.-Y. Lee IUCEEM, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
	We explored the possibility that the existing TLS storage ring to be operated at 1 GeV as a high brightness VUV light source after the completion of 3 GeV Taiwan Photon Source. To increase the spectral brightness, we need to reduce the beam emittance in the storage ring as much as possible. We first pursue the lowest emittance which is possible without altering the existing hardware configuration. The theoretical minimum emittance that could be achieved at 1 GeV for non-achromatic lattice is 3.8 nm-rad. However, this could not be achieved without introducing harmonic sextupoles. Preliminary results of low emittance lattice without harmonic sextupoles in TLS storage ring will be presented.

THPC073	Study of Lower Emittance Lattices for SPEAR3	emittance, dynamic-aperture, sextupole, injection	3062
	X. Huang, Y. Nosochkov, J.A. Safranek, L. Wang SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	We study paths to significantly reduce the emittance of the SPEAR3 storage ring. Lattice possibilities are explored with the GLASS technique. New lattices are designed and optimized for practical dynamic aperture and beam lifetime. Various techniques are employed to optimize the nonlinear dynamics, including the Elegant-based genetic algorithm. Experimental studies are also carried out on the ring to validate the lattice design.

THPC075	Lattice Design for PEP-X Ultimate Storage Ring Light Source	emittance, wiggler, dipole, dynamic-aperture	3068
	Y. Nosochkov, K.L.F. Bane, Y. Cai, R.O. Hettel, M.-H. Wang SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the Department of Energy Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. SLAC expertise in designing and operating high current storage rings and the availability of the 2.2-km PEP-II tunnel present an opportunity for building a next generation light source – PEP-X – that would replace the SPEAR3 storage ring in the future. The "baseline" design for PEP-X, with 164 pm-rad emittance at 4.5 GeV beam energy and a current of 1.5 A, was completed in 2010. As a next step in the study, a so-called "ultimate" PEP-X lattice having another order of magnitude reduction in emittance from the baseline design has been investigated. The beam emittance approaches the diffraction limited photon emittance for multi-keV photons, providing near maximum photon brightness and high coherence. In this design, the ring arcs contain seven-bend achromat cells yielding 29 pm-rad natural emittance and up to 9 insertion device straights per arc. Another factor of two emittance reduction is achieved with an 89.3-m damping wiggler installed in one of the six long straights. Details of the lattice design, the sextupole correction scheme, dynamic aperture simulations, and calculation of the intra-beam scattering effect and Touschek lifetime at a nominal 200-mA current are presented.

THPC144	The Construction Status of Beam Transport Line from XFEL-linac to SPring-8 Storage Ring	beam-transport, linac, alignment, storage-ring	3224
	C. Mitsuda, N. Azumi, T. Fujita, K. Fukami, H. Kimura, H. Ohkuma, M. Oishi, Y. Okayasu, M. Shoji, K. Tsumaki, T. Watanabe JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan M. Hasegawa, Y. Maeda, T. Nakanishi, Y. Tukamoto, M. Yamashita SES, Hyogo-pref., Japan N. Kumagai, S. Matsui RIKEN/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan
	The beam transport line from XFEL-linac to SPring-8 storage ring is now under construction to use the ultra short bunched electron beam at the storage ring. The newly constructed line is about 300 m, which is just a half of the whole path from the XFEL linac to the storage ring. The beam extracted from XFEL-linac is guided to the beam transport tunnel connected to the matching section of booster synchrotron bending by 55.2 degrees horizontally and by 10.0 degrees vertically. A double-bend based lattice was adopted to reasonably suppress emittance growth and bunch lengthening. Supposing a bunch length and horizontal emittance at the exit of the XFEL-linac are estimated about 100 fs and 0.04 nmrad respectively, it is expected that the current beam emittance in storage ring is improved to about 0.4 nmrad and almost same bunch length including coherent synchrotron radiation effect. In 2010, the construction of extracting part from XFEL-linac was completed and we finished the installation and alignment of main components. The conceptual design and construction status of transport line will be presented with the emphasis on the detail magnet design and the fabrication.

THPS008	Bucked Coils Lattice for the Neutrino Factory	cavity, emittance, factory, betatron	3439
	A. Alekou, J. Pasternak Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom C.T. Rogers STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	In the Neutrino Factory muon front end, ionization cooling is used to reduce the very large initial transverse muon beam emittance. The current baseline cooling channel, FSIIA, performs well in simulations with respect to the transmission and cooling. However, recent studies indicate the RF voltage may be limited when external magnetic field is applied and therefore, as the FSIIA lattice has a large magnetic field at the position of the RF cavities, the feasibility of FSIIA may be questioned. Bucked Coils lattice, a new cooling lattice that uses different radius and opposite polarity coils placed at the same position along the beam-axis, aims to achieve low magnetic field at the position of the RF cavities while obtaining comparable transmission to FSIIA. The detailed comparison between FSIIA and different versions of the Bucked Coils configuration with respect to the magnetic field, beam dynamics and transmission are presented in this paper.

THPS029	Simulations of Various Driving Mechisms for the 3rd Order Resonant Extraction from the MedAustron Medical Synchrotron	extraction, betatron, synchrotron, resonance	3481
	G. Feldbauer, M. Benedikt CERN, Geneva, Switzerland U. Dorda EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
	The MedAustron medical synchrotron is based on the CERN-PIMMS design and its technical implementation by CNAO [1]. This document elaborates on studies performed on the baseline betatron-core driven extraction method and investigates the feasibility of alternative resonance driving mechanisms like RF-knockout, RF-noise and the lattice tune. Single particle tracking results are presented, explained and compared to analytical results. [1] M. Pullia, ‘‘Status Report on the Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO)'', 11th EPAC'08, Genoa, Itlay, June 2008, p. 982

THPS046	Transport Beam Lines for NICA Accelerator Complex	booster, collider, ion, quadrupole	3526
	O.S. Kozlov, A.V. Eliseev, I.N. Meshkov, V.A. Mikhailov, A.O. Sidorin, N.D. Topilin, G.V. Trubnikov, A. Tuzikov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	In the last years Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) project is being developed by Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russia. The goal of the project is to construct new accelerator complex that will be used for colliding ion beams on first stage and colliding polarized proton/deuteron beams on second stage of the project. NICA accelerator complex will consist of two linear accelerators, two superconducting synchrotrons, two superconducting storage rings of the collider and transport beamlines. Geometry and magnetic system of NICA beamlines are presented in this report. Results of beam dynamics simulations within the beamlines are considered.

THPS076	Sub-mm Therapeutic Carbon-Ion Irradiation Port in Gunma University	ion, betatron, linac, synchrotron	3607
	K. Torikai, T. Kanai, N.T. Nakano, H. Shimada, E. Takeshita, M. Tashiro, S. Yamada, K. Yusa Gunma University, Heavy-Ion Medical Research Center, Maebashi-Gunma, Japan K. Hanakawa, T. Honda, K. Yoshida Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Kobe, Japan
	Funding: This Study was done by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI). One of advantage of particle therapy is concentration of irradiation dose. In April 2011, we developed "in-body-focusing type" irradiation port for "Proof-of-Principle" . This sub-mm port produces 1mm(1σ) beam. we will explain this irradion port at the conference.

THPZ001	Spin Dynamic Tool Developments and Study Regarding the Super-B Project	closed-orbit, simulation, polarization, collider	3681
	N. Monseu, J.-M. De Conto LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France F. Méot BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA U. Wienands SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	The study of polarization is essential for e+/e^- colliders like the SuperB machine. The ZGOUBI integrator is a good and universal tool for particle tracking as well as spin tracking, and takes into account all machine realistic aspects, like real fields, non-linearities, fringing fields or misalignments. We present ZGOUBI implementation and the methods carried out to estimate invariant spin field and beam polarization evolution on some simple models (for validation) and on SuperB, and we investigate for some specific polarization behavior.

THPZ006	SuperKEKB Interaction Region Modeling	solenoid, multipole, quadrupole, focusing	3690
	A. Morita, H. Koiso, Y. Ohnishi, K. Oide, Y. Sugimoto KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	In the SuperKEKB interaction region(IR) design, the beam-line intersects solenoid-axis with large angle and the superconducting final focusing quadrupole magnets are installed into each beam-lines without iron-shield. Because of these features, the emittance and dynamic aperture evaluation have to consider the solenoid fringe field and the leakage multipole field of another beam-line magnet, respectively. The IR lattice modeling and the magnetic field handling of both solenoid and multipole field would be reported in this article.

THPZ007	Lattice Design of Low Emittance and Low Beta Function at Collision Point for SuperKEKB	emittance, dipole, dynamic-aperture, luminosity	3693
	Y. Ohnishi, H. Koiso, A. Morita, K. Oide, H. Sugimoto KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	Extremely low beta function at the interaction point(IP) and low emittance are necessary to achieve the design luminosity of 8x10³5 cm^-2 s^-1 for a SuperKEKB project. The low emittance with a large Piwinski angle makes this possible with longer bunch longitudinally compared with the vertical beta function at IP. We call this Nano-beam scheme. In this scheme, a beam-beam parameter is realized to be less than 0.09 for the design luminosity. The lattice features, chromaticity corrections, and dynamic aperture are discussed in this article.

THPZ014	LHeC Lattice Design	optics, dipole, insertion, electron	3714
	M. Fitterer, O.S. Brüning, H. Burkhardt, B.J. Holzer, J.M. Jowett, K.H. Meß, T. Risselada CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Klein The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom A.-S. Müller KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
	The Large Hadron Electron Collider (LHeC) aims at lepton-proton and lepton-nucleus collisions with centre of mass energies of 1-2 TeV at ep luminosities in excess of 10³3 cm^-2 s^-1. We present here a lattice design for the electron ring option, which meets the design parameters and also the constraints imposed by the integration of the new electron ring in the LHC tunnel.

THPZ020	eRHIC Interaction Region Design	electron, ion, proton, interaction-region	3729
	D. Trbojevic, J. Beebe-Wang, Y. Hao, D. Kayran, Y. Luo, V. Ptitsyn, N. Tsoupas BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA V. Litvinenko Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA
	Funding: *Work performed under a Contract Number DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the auspices of the US Department of Energy. Interaction region design of the future electron ion collider at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (eRHIC) is presented. Polarized protons/Helium and heavy ions will collider with 5-30 GeV polarized electrons with a 10 mrad angle by using the crab cavity crossing. The interaction region is designed without bending electrons to avoid problems with synchrotron radiation. Use of the combined function magnet in the ion side allows detection of neutrons. Design allows detection of deep virtual scattering as well as detection of partons with lower energies (po/2.5). The betatron function at collisions is 5 cm assuming use of three dimensional electron beam cooling. Special chromaticity correction is applied in both sides of the ion straight section interaction region. Electrons arrive with avoiding completely synchrotron radiation at the detector. Special superconducting combined function magnet is designed to allow passage of electrons through the field free region.

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MOOCA03

Updates to the International Linear Collider Damping Rings Baseline Design

damping, electron, positron, cavity

32

S. Guiducci, M.E. Biagini
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
G. Dugan, M.A. Palmer, D. L. Rubin
CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA
J. Gao, D. Wang
IHEP Beijing, Beijing, People's Republic of China
M.T.F. Pivi, Y. Sun
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
J. Urakawa
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

A new baseline design for the International Linear Collider (ILC) damping rings has been adopted which reduces the ring circumference to 3.2 km from 6.4 km. This design change is associated with a revised plan to operate the ILC with one half the beam current originally specified in the ILC Reference Design Report. We describe the new layout and lattice that has been developed for the shorter ring. In addition, we discuss features of the new design that will allow operation at a 10Hz repetition rate which is twice the rate specified for baseline operation. Finally, we examine the implications for restoring operation with the originally specified beam current while maintaining the smaller ring circumference.

Slides MOOCA03 [2.381 MB]

MOPO033

Design and Development of a Laser Positioning System for TPS Magnets Alignment Inspection during the Installation on a Girder

laser, quadrupole, sextupole, alignment

556

Chen, M. L. Chen, H.C. Ho, K.H. Hsu, W.Y. Lai, S.Y. Perng, Y.L. Tsai, T.C. Tseng, H.S. Wang
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
J.-R. Chen
National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan

A novel optical inspection architecture is designed and developed for positioning the TPS (Taiwan Photon Source) quadrupole and sextupole magnets on the girder within 30 um. This positioning system is a laser-based scheme consists of two laser position sensing devices (PSD) and two granite blocks as the standard reference of magnets. The laser position sensing device (PSD) is mounted on an adjustable circular steel module and the module is installed in a granite block. With the PSD position being adjusted and corrected, the PSD module center can be identical to the ideal pole position of magnets on the girder within 10um. The Laser ray is also adjusted and aligned according to the ideal reference line of magnets. Finally the granite blocks are replaced with the quadrupole and sextupole magnets at installation, the assembling error of magnets can be detected from the PSD module. This paper describes the detail of the system development and testing results.

MOPS012

Optics Considerations for Lowering Transition Energy in the SPS

optics, injection, resonance, emittance

619

H. Bartosik, G. Arduini, Y. Papaphilippou
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Beam stability for high intensity LHC beams in the SPS can be improved by increasing the slippage factor, i.e. reducing the transition energy. In this paper, possible ways of modifying the optics of the SPS for lower transition energy are reviewed. In particular, a threefold increase of the slippage factor at injection can be achieved by decreasing the integer part of the tunes by 6 units. The properties of this new low-transition optics are compared with the nominal SPS optics, including working point and resonance behavior. Possible limitations are discussed.

MOPS015

40-80 MHz Muon Front-End for the Neutrino Factory Design Study

cavity, solenoid, factory, target

628

G. Prior, S.S. Gilardoni
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
A.E. Alexandri
University of Patras, Rio, Greece

Funding: EU FP7 EUROnu WP3. CERN summer student programme.
To understand better the neutrino properties, machines able to produce an order of 10²¹ neutrinos per year have to be built. One of the proposed machine is called a neutrino factory. In this scenario, muons produced by the decay of pions coming from the interaction of a proton beam onto a target are accelerated to energies of several GeV and injected in a storage ring where they will decay in neutrinos. The so-called front-end section of the neutrino factory is conceived to reduce the transverse divergence of the muon beam and to adapt its temporal structure to the acceptance of the downstream accelerators to minimize losses. We present a re-evaluation of the muon front-end scenario which used 40-80 MHz radio-frequency cavities capturing one sign at a time in a single-bunch to bucket mode. The standard software environment of the International Study for the Neutrino Factory (IDS-NF) has been used, for comparison of its performance with the IDS-NF baseline front-end design which operates with higher frequency (330-200 MHz) capturing in a train of alternated sign the muons bunches.

MOPS068

Localization of Transverse Impedance Sources in the SPS using HEADTAIL Macroparticle Simulations

impedance, quadrupole, simulation, ion

757

N. Biancacci, G. Arduini, E. Métral, D. Quatraro, G. Rumolo, B. Salvant, R. Tomás
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
N. Biancacci, M. Migliorati, L. Palumbo
Rome University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
R. Calaga
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

In particle accelerators, beam coupling impedance is one of the main contributors to instability phenomena that lead to particle losses and beam quality deterioration. For this reason these machines are continuously monitored and the global and local amount of impedance needs to be evaluated. In this work we present our studies on the local transverse impedance detection algorithm. The main assumptions behind the algorithm are described in order to understand limits in reconstructing the impedance location. The phase advance response matrix is analyzed in particular for the SPS lattice, studying the different response from 90,180,270 degrees phase advance sections. The thin lenses scheme is also implemented and new analytical formulas for phase advance beating were derived. This avails us to put reconstructing lenses everywhere in the lattice, and to study their positioning scheme. Limits in linear response are analyzed. This sets the upper and lower limits in reconstruction to the phase advance measurement accuracy and the linear response regime limit.

MOPZ007

A Non-scaling Fixed Field Alternating Gradient Accelerator for the Final Acceleration Stage of the International Design Study of the Neutrino Factory

kicker, extraction, injection, cavity

832

J.S. Berg
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
M. Aslaninejad, J. Pasternak
Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
N. Bliss, M.A. Cordwell, T.J. Jones
STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
D.J. Kelliher, S. Machida
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
A.A. Muir
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
H. Witte
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom

Funding: This manuscript has been authored by employees of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The International Design Study of the Neutrino Factory (IDS-NF) has recently completed its Interim Design Report (IDR), which presents our current baseline design of the neutrino factory. To increase the efficiency and reduce the cost of acceleration, the IDR design uses a linear non-scaling fixed field alternating gradient accelerator (FFAG) for its final acceleration stage. We present the current lattice design of that FFAG, including the main ring plus its injection and extraction systems. We describe parameters for the main ring magnets, kickers, and septa, as well as the power supplies for the kickers. We present a first pass at an engineering layout for the ring and its subsystems.

MOPZ009

The Muon Linac for the International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory

linac, cavity, cryomodule, factory

838

A. Kurup, M. Aslaninejad, C. Bonţoiu, J.K. Pozimski
Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
K.B. Beard
Muons, Inc, Batavia, USA
S.A. Bogacz, V.S. Morozov
JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA

The first stage of muon acceleration in the Neutrino Factory utilises a superconducting linac to accelerate muons from 244 MeV to 900 MeV. The linac is split into three types of cryomodules with decreasing magnetic fields and increasing amounts of RF voltage but with the design of the superconducting solenoid and RF cavities being the same for all cryomodules. The current status of the muon linac for the International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory will be presented including a final lattice design of the linac; electromagnetic simulations; and a preliminary cost estimate.

MOPZ010

An Accelerator Design Tool for the International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory

factory, simulation, solenoid, HOM

841

A. Kurup
Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
P. Bonnal, B. Daudin, J. De Jonghe, M. Dutour
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

A tool has been developed to simplify the accelerator design process from the lattice design, through tracking simulations with engineering features, to costing the facility. The aim of this tool is to facilitate going through the design loop efficiently and thus allow engineering features to be included early on in the design process without hindering the development of the lattice design. The tool uses a spreadsheet to store information about the accelerator and can generate MADX input files, G4beamline input files and interfaces with the costing tool developed by CERN. Having one source for the information simplifies going between lattice simulations, tracking simulations and costing calculations and eliminates the possibility of introducing discrepancies in the design. The application of this tool to cost the Neutrino Factory, which is part of the IDS-NF and EUROnu studies for delivering the Reference Design Report, will be presented.

MOPZ030

Status of Studies of Achromat-based 6D Ionization Cooling Rings for Muons

injection, solenoid, kicker, extraction

865

X.P. Ding, D.B. Cline
UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
J.S. Berg, H.G. Kirk
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
A.A. Garren
Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA

Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy in part under award numbers DE-FG02-92ER40695 (UCLA), DE-AC02-98CH10886 (BNL) and DE-FG02-07ER84855 (Particle Beam Lasers, Inc.)”
Six dimensional ionization cooling of muons is needed to achieve the necessary luminosity for a muon collider. If that cooling could occur over multiple turns in a closed ring, there would be significant cost savings over a single-pass cooling channel. We report on the status of a cooling ring with achromatic arcs. The achromatic design permits the design to easily switch between a closed ring and a snaking geometry on injection or extraction from the ring. The ring is designed with sufficient space in each superperiod for injection and extraction magnets. We describe the ring's lattice design, performance, and injection/extraction requirements.

MOPZ031

Multipass Muon RLA Return Arcs based on Linear Combined-function Magnets

linac, dipole, quadrupole, optics

868

V.S. Morozov, S.A. Bogacz, Y. Roblin
JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA
K.B. Beard
Muons, Inc, Batavia, USA

Funding: Supported in part by US DOE STTR Grant DE-FG02-08ER86351. Notice: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
Recirculating Linear Accelerators (RLA) are an efficient way of accelerating short-lived muons to the multi-GeV energies required for Neutrino Factories and TeV energies required for Muon Colliders. In this paper we present a design of a two-pass RLA return arc based on linear combined function magnets, in which both charge muons with momenta different by a factor of two are transported through the same string of magnets. The arc is composed of 60°-bending symmetric super cells allowing for a simple arc geometry closing. By adjusting the dipole and quadrupole components of the combined-function magnets, each super cell is designed to be achromatic and to have zero initial and final periodic orbit offsets for both muon momenta. Such a design provides a greater compactness than, for instance, an FFAG lattice with its regular alternating bends and is expected to possess a large dynamic aperture characteristic of linear-field lattices.

MOPZ034

Proton Contamination Studies in the MICE Muon Beam Line

proton, quadrupole, positron, emittance

871

S.D. Blot, Y.K. Kim
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
R.R.M. Fletcher
UCR, Riverside, California, USA
D.M. Kaplan
Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
C.T. Rogers
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) aims to demonstrate transverse beam emittance reduction for a muon beam. To create these muons, a titanium target is dipped into the ISIS proton accelerator at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK) to create pions, which are transported and decay to muons in the MICE beamline. Beam particle identification and triggering is performed using time of flight (ToF) detectors. When running the MICE beamline with positive polarity, protons produced in the target contaminate the muon beam with a sufficiently high rate to saturate the TOF detectors. Polyethylene sheets of varying thicknesses were installed to absorb the proton impurities in the beam. Studies with pion beams at momenta of 140, 200, and 240MeV/c were performed with different proton absorber thicknesses. The results of these studies show good agreement with theoretical range plots and will be presented.

MOPZ039

Dispersion-free Regions and Insertions for EMMA

sextupole, extraction, quadrupole, injection

886

B.D. Muratori, J.K. Jones
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

EMMA (Electron Machine with Many Applications) is a prototype non-scaling electron FFAG hosted at Daresbury Laboratory. Several upgrade possibilities for EMMA are explored, from creating a dispersion-free region in the ring to facilitate injection and extraction to making an insertion in EMMA by turning it into a racetrack-style machine. A dispersion-free region may be created in two separate ways. The first is by using a layout of EMMA which is naturally dispersion-free at the start and end of each cell. This means that we can arrange for periodic dispersion-free sections in every cell or in-between cells. The second is achieved through the use of sextupoles, by going off-axis in them, one has essentially a quadrupolar force which can be used to match the dispersion to zero in a particular place and for a particular energy. The benefits and drawbacks of both methods are discussed from the point of view of practicality and space in general, and applicability to EMMA in particular.

TUODA02

Status of Sirius – a New Brazilian Synchrotron Light Source

dipole, emittance, permanent-magnet, synchrotron

931

L. Liu, R. Basílio, J.F. Citadini, R.H.A. Farias, R.J.F. Marcondes, X.R. Resende, F. Rodrigues, A.R.D. Rodrigues, P.P. Sanchez, R.M. Seraphim, G. Tosin, F. H. de Sá
LNLS, Campinas, Brazil

We present an overview of the new synchrotron light source project Sirius, currently being designed at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS) in Campinas, São Paulo. Sirius will consist of a 480 m circumference, 3.0 GeV, 20 TBA cells, 1.7 nm.rad emittance storage ring. The dipoles will be based on the use of permanent magnet technology and will combine low field magnets (0.5 T) for the main beam deflection with a short slice of high field magnet (2.0 T) to generate photons of 12 keV critical energy with modest total energy loss. There will be 18 straight sections for insertion devices. In this report we describe the current status for the magnet lattice design and some of the subsystems.

Slides TUODA02 [2.434 MB]

TUXB01

Methods and Tools to Simulate and Analyse Non-linear Dynamics in Electron Storage Rings

storage-ring, emittance, sextupole, quadrupole

937

L.S. Nadolski
SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

This talk will present the different approaches and tools that have been recently developed while trying to understand or predict the non-linear dynamics of electron storage rings. Different algorithms have been recently used at different places to optimize the sextupole tunings, while the refinement of the models of existing machines together with more accurate measurement techniques enable now to fully understand the limitations of such facilities specially in the presence of insertion devices.

Slides TUXB01 [7.624 MB]

TUOAB01

Lattice Design of a Very Low-emittance Storage Ring for SPring-8-II

dynamic-aperture, emittance, alignment, resonance

942

Y. Shimosaki, K.K. Kaneki, T. Nakamura, H. Ohkuma, J. Schimizu, K. Soutome, M. Takao
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan

The design work for an upgrade project of the SPring-8, the SPring-8-II, is in progress. Its ultimate goal is to provide a superior brilliance of photons by reducing emittance of electrons until a diffraction limit. A multi-bend lattice has been adopted for the emittance reduction; a double-bend lattice (natural emittance of 2000 pmrad at 6 GeV), a triple-bend lattice (400 pmrad) and a quadruple-bend lattice (170 pmrad) were designed step by step for studying its feasibility*. For an additional emittance reduction, beam dynamic issues for a sextuple-bend lattice have been examined for the first candidate. In this case, the natural emittance is about 70 pmrad. The dynamic aperture has been enlarged by studying beam dynamic phenomena caused by nonlinear dispersion, nonlinear chromaticity, nonlinear resonance, etc., and by optimizing linear and nonlinear optics. The lattice design for the coming upgrade of SPring-8 will be presented in detail.
* K. Soutome et al., "Design Study of a very Low-emittance Storage Ring for the Future Upgrade Plan of SPring-8", Proc. of IPAC10, WEPEA032, p. 2555 (2010).

Slides TUOAB01 [4.812 MB]

TUOAB03

Enlarging Dynamic and Momentum Aperture by Particle Swarm Optimization

sextupole, dynamic-aperture, storage-ring, simulation

948

Z. Bai, W. Li, L. Wang
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a computational intelligence algorithm for global optimization. Obtaining adequate dynamic and momentum aperture is crucial for high injection efficiency and long beam lifetime in low emittance electron storage rings. Different from nonlinear driving terms optimization, we have made direct optimization of dynamic and momentum aperture by PSO algorithm. It is critical to make a criterion for comparison of dynamic and momentum aperture tracking results in the direct optimization procedure. Thus, in this paper we first propose a quantitative criterion of dynamic aperture. Then we apply PSO to the optimization of chromatic and harmonic sextupoles to find the optimum sextupole settings for enlarging the dynamic aperture. Taking the momentum aperture into consideration, we make joint optimization of dynamic and momentum aperture. Also, the momentum aperture has its quantitative criterion. As an example of application, the dynamic and momentum aperture of an FBA lattice studied in the design of storage ring of Hefei Advanced Light Source were optimized, and the results have shown the power of PSO algorithm.

Slides TUOAB03 [0.313 MB]

TUPC016

Status of the ATF2 Lattices

quadrupole, sextupole, multipole, optics

1027

E. Marin, R. Tomás
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
P. Bambade
LAL, Orsay, France
T. Okugi, T. Tauchi, N. Terunuma, J. Urakawa
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
A. Seryi
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
G.R. White, M. Woodley
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

The latest status for the ATF2 Nominal and Ultra-low beta lattices designs obtained to minimize the detrimental effect of the measured multipoles are presented in this paper. A set of correction knobs for the most important aberrations at the IP have been obtained for both lattices in order to perform the tuning under realistic imperfections. Starting from the tuned ATF2 Nominal lattice a squeeze sequence reducing beta_y is performed to reach the ultra-low beta lattice. Tuning results are shown for both options.

TUPC020

Alignment and Wake Field Issues in the CLIC RTML

emittance, linac, wakefield, cavity

1039

F. Stulle, S. Döbert, A. Latina, D. Schulte
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

At main linac injection the particle beams need to stay within tight tolerances for the transverse emittances and the pointing stability. We study how these tolerances influence alignment requirements for the RTML components and the stability of the beams entering the RTML. An emphasize is put on the booster linac and the RF cavities of the second bunch compression stage since short and long range wake fields might strongly influence beam dynamics in these parts of the RTML.

TUPC040

Modified Lattice of the Compton X-ray Source NESTOR

storage-ring, electron, sextupole, focusing

1087

A.Y. Zelinsky, P. Gladkikh, A.A. Kalamayko, I.M. Karnaukhov, A. Mytsykov, A.A. Shcherbakov
NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine

NESTOR is Compton X-ray source that is under commissioning in NSC KIPT. One of the main parts of the facility is the middle energy storage ring (40-225 MeV). The storage ring has comprehensive lattice to provide low emittance, low beam size in the interaction point and big value of the energy acceptance. One of the NESTOR storage ring lattice feature is use of bending magnets of 0.5 m radius with combined focusing function. It leads to increasing of 3D magnetic field effects on electron beam dynamics. After NESTOR magnetic element manufacturing characteristics of element magnetic fields were measured and the effect of the real magnetic field distribution on beam dynamics was calculated. As a result, to provide project X-ray source characteristics the parameters of NESTOR storage ring lattice should be modified. The second reason for the lattice modification was the desire to increase the interaction point straight section length. The results of the beam dynamics simulation after lattice modification and optimization show that the storage ring will provide all project electron beam parameters. The results of the electron beam simulations are presented in the paper.

TUPC045

Recirculating Electron Linacs (REL) for LHeC and eRHIC

electron, linac, dipole, proton

1099

D. Trbojevic, J. Beebe-Wang, Y. Hao, D. Kayran, V. Litvinenko, V. Ptitsyn, N. Tsoupas
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: Work performed under a Contract Number DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the auspices of the US Department of Energy.
We present a design of a CW Electron Recovery Linacs (ERL) for future electron hadron colliders eRHIC and LHeC. In eRHIC, a six-pass ERL would be installed in the existing tunnel of the present Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The 5-30 GeV polarized electrons will collide with RHIC’s 50-250 (325) GeV polarized protons or 20-100 (130) GeV/u heavy ions. In LHeC a 3-pass 60 GeV CW ERL will produce polarized electrons for collisions with 7 TeV protons. After collision, electron beam energy is recovered and electrons are dumped at low energy. Two superconducting linacs are located in the two straight sections in both ERLs. The multiple arcs are made of Flexible Momentum Compaction lattice (FMC) allowing adjustable momentum compaction for electrons with different energies. The multiple arcs, placed above each other, are matched to the two linac’s straight sections with splitters and combiners.

TUPC046

Alignment Tolerances for Vertical Emittance

emittance, quadrupole, closed-orbit, dipole

1102

K.P. Wootton, R.P. Rassool, G. Taylor
The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
M.J. Boland, R.T. Dowd, G. LeBlanc, Y.E. Tan
ASCo, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
Y. Papaphilippou
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Alignment tolerances for the CLIC main damping ring magnetic lattice elements are presented. Tolerances are defined by the design equilibrium vertical emittance of 1 pm rad. The sensitivity of the uncorrected lattice to magnet misalignments is presented. Misalignments considered included quadrupole vertical offsets and rolls, sextupole vertical offsets, and main dipole rolls. Seeded simulations were conducted in MAD-X, and compared with expectation values calculated from theory. The lattice was found to be sensitive to betatron coupling as a result of sextupole vertical offsets in the arcs. Alignment tolerances, BPM and corrector requirements are presented also. For the same misalignment types, the equilibrium emittance of the corrected lattice is simulated. These are compared with expectation values calculated from theory. The vertical alignment tolerance of arc sextupoles is again demanding.

TUPC128

Transverse Beam Jitter Propagation in Multi-bunch Operation at ATF2

extraction, simulation, feedback, kicker

1320

J. Resta-López, J. Alabau-Gonzalvo
IFIC, Valencia, Spain
P. Burrows, G.B. Christian
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
B. Constance
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Pulse-to-pulse orbit jitter, if not controlled, can drastically degrade the luminosity in future linear colliders. The second goal of the ATF2 project at the KEK accelerator test facility is to stabilize the vertical beam position down to approximately 5% of the nominal rms vertical beam size at the virtual interaction point (IP). This will require control of the orbit to better than 1 micrometer at the entrance of the ATF2 final focus system. In this paper, by means of computer simulations, we study the vertical jitter propagation along the ATF2 from the start of the extraction line to the IP. For this study pulse-to-pulse vertical jitter measurements using three stripline beam position monitors are used as initial inputs. This study is performed for the case of a bunch-train with three bunches, but could easily be extended for a larger number of bunches. The cases with and without intra-train orbit feedback correction in the extraction line of ATF2 are compared.

TUPC132

Imaging of the MAX III Electron Beam Profile Using Visible Synchrotron Radiation

electron, emittance, diagnostics, synchrotron

1332

A. Hansson, Å. Andersson, E.J. Wallén
MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden

The recently assembled MAX III diagnostic beam line utilizes the bending magnet synchrotron radiation (SR) in the visible to ultraviolet range to form images of the transverse electron beam profile. Computer simulations model the generation and propagation of the SR through the beam line, taking into account effects such as diffraction, the longitudinally distributed source point and the curvature of the electron orbit. Using the diagnostic beam line, the electron beam size and the emittance in the MAX III synchrotron light source has been determined.

TUPC152

Comparative Study of Performance of Silicon Photomultipliers for Use in Cherenkov Fibre Optic Beam Loss Monitors

photon, electron, beam-losses, monitoring

1386

A. Intermite
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
A. Intermite, M. Putignano, A. Wolski
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) are semiconductor photo-sensitive devices built from a matrix of Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) on a common silicon substrate, working in the limited Geiger mode and with a common readout. The fast counting ability, high timing resolution, immunity to magnetic field up to 15 T, low power consumption and relative small temperature dependence together with the small dimensions make SiPMs excellent candidates as commercially available solid state detectors, and a promising alternative to traditional photomultiplier tubes for single photon detection. Nevertheless, SiPMs do suffer from erroneous counting due to noise effects that can deteriorate their performances. These effects are, in general, heavily dependent on manufacturing quality. In this contribution, results are reported of the characterization of different models of SiPMs in terms of noise spectra and response to light, and a procedure for determining quality manufacturing parameters is described.

TUPO009

HiSOR-II, Compact Light Source with an Innovative Lattice Design

emittance, focusing, synchrotron, radiation

1464

A. Miyamoto, S. Sasaki
HSRC, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan

Funding: This work is partially supported by Cooperative and Supporting Program for Researches and Educations in University sponsored by KEK
We proposed a ring that a beam orbit is not closed with one turn and return to starting point after multiple turns around the ring. The idea of this new accumulation ring was inspired based on the torus knot theory. This ring has a long length of the total closed orbit in comparison with a conventional ring which has the orbit of one turn. Therefore this ring can have many straight sections and is advantageous to installation of insertion devices. We are designing a new ring based on the shape of a (3,11) torus knot for our future plan ‘HiSOR-II’. This ring has 11 long straight sections and can place undulators effectively by placing elements such as quadrupole magnets at the place near bending magnet, outside of the orbit crossing section. Furthermore, this ring has about 3 times longer circumference in comparison with the conventional ring, the diameter of the ring is as compact as 15 m, but its circumference is as long as 130 m. On the other hand, this ring must achieve low emittance to operate as the 3rd generation light source ring. Therefore we designed lattice of this ring in reference to MAX-III and achieved low emittance by using bending magnets with combined function.

TUPO010

An Innovative Lattice Design for a Compact Storage Ring

radiation, storage-ring, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation

1467

S. Sasaki, A. Miyamoto
HSRC, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan

Funding: *This work is partially supported by Cooperative and Supporting Program for Researches and Educations in Universities sponsored by KEK.
We propose a new concept of lattice design for a compact light source storage ring. In a ring with this new scheme, the electron beam may have extremely longer design orbit than that of a conventional ring. In this ring, a design orbit closes after completing multiple turns. The lattice for realizing this exotic beam orbit can be made by placing conventional accelerator components such as bending magnets, quadrupole magnets, RF cavity and so forth in an appropriate manner onto a projected torus knot in the horizontal orbit plane. Due to an extended closed orbit length, the ring with this type of lattice has larger maximum stored charge if operated in multiple-bunch mode, and has longer bunch-to-bunch interval if operated in a single-bunch mode. Also, essential for a storage ring as the synchrotron light source, a larger number of straight sections may accommodate with many insertion devices. In addition, this new scheme may provide advantages for designing a oscillator-type free electron laser and coherent radiation light source.

TUPS016

Vacuum System Design for the MAX IV 3 GeV Ring

vacuum, storage-ring, synchrotron, radiation

1554

E. Al-dmour, D. Einfeld, J. Pasquaud, M. Quispe
CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
J. Ahlbäck, M.J. Grabski, P.F. Tavares
MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden

We describe the conceptual design of the vacuum system of the 3 GeV electron storage ring in the MAX IV facility currently under construction in Lund, Sweden. The standard vacuum chambers are for the most part a cylindrical copper tube with 11 mm inner radius whereas stainless steel will be used at selected locations for beam position monitors, bellows and corrector vacuum chambers. In order to cope with the low vacuum conductance, distributed pumping will be provided through NEG coating of all chambers, including those in dipole magnets making MAX IV the first storage ring to be fully NEG coated. We present the mechanical and thermal design of these chambers and discuss the challenges involved in extracting insertion device radiation as well as coping with the heat load from both IDs and bending magnets in a machine with large bending radius, narrow chambers and tight mechanical tolerance requirements.

TUPS055

Organizing the ILC Technical Design Documentation

positron, linear-collider, damping, collider

1656

L. Hagge, S. Eucker, B. List, N.J. Walker, N. Welle
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The Global Design Effort (GDE) for the International Linear Collider (ILC) is currently preparing the Technical Design Report (TDR), which will be released at the end of 2012 and will serve as the basis for a decision process. The TDR will be written based on the Technical Design Documentation (TDD), which captures the entire design efforts, results and rationale, including e. g. parameter lists, specifications, CAD models and drawings, cost estimation, simulations and calculations, and summary reports. Formal review meetings help making the documentation complete, correct and consistent. The TDD is stored in an Engineering Data Management System (EDMS), which ensures that it remains accessible beyond the GDE in an organized way and at a well-defined location. The EDMS provides traceability (e. g. from design decisions to corresponding cost estimates), version management and change control. The poster presents the process and tools that were established for the organization of the TDD and provides an overview of the emerging documentation.

TUPS096

ESS Parameter List Database and Web Interface Tools

linac, neutron, cavity, HOM

1762

K. Rathsman, S. Peggs, P. Reinerfelt, G. Trahern
ESS, Lund, Sweden
J. Bobnar
Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia

The European Spallation Source is an intergovernmental project building a multidisciplinary research laboratory based upon the world's most powerful neutron source. The main facility will be built in Lund, Sweden. Construction is expected to start around 2013 and the first neutrons will be produced in 2019. The ESS linac delivers 5 MW of power to the target at 2.5 GeV, with a nominal current of 50 mA. The Accelerator Design Update (ADU) collaboration of mainly European institutions will deliver a Technical Design Report at the end of 2012. To ensure consistency of the information being used amongst all subgroups throughout the period of accelerator design and construction, a parameter list database and web interface have been proposed. The main objective is to provide tools to identify inconsistencies among parameters and to enforce groups as well as individuals to work towards the same solution. Another goal is to make the Parameter Lists a live and credible endeavor so that the data and supporting information shall be useful to a wider audience such as external reviewers as well as being easily accessible.

TUPZ005

Design of the NICA Collider Rings

collider, luminosity, ion, betatron

1807

O.S. Kozlov, H.G. Khodzhibagiyan, S.A. Kostromin, I.N. Meshkov, A.O. Sidorin, N.D. Topilin, G.V. Trubnikov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

The Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) is a new accelerator complex being constructed at JINR aimed to provide the collider experiments with ion-ion (Au⁷⁹⁺) and ion-proton collisions at the energy range of 1-4.5 GeV/n and also the collisions of polarized proton-proton and deuteron-deuteron beams. Superconducting collider rings accumulate beam injected from Nuclotron and realize the conditions for beam-beam interactions to achieve the required luminosity. Each ring has the racetrack shape with two arcs and two long straight sections. Its circumference is about 500 m. The collider lattice design is subjected to have possibility of the gamma transition variation, mainly by the arcs retuning. The long straight sections contain the most of the insertion devices and are matched to the arcs, optimized to provide the final focusing of the beams in IP and accurate betatron tune adjustment.

TUPZ027

Beta* Measurement in the LHC Based on K-modulation

quadrupole, optics, luminosity, simulation

1864

R. Calaga, R. Miyamoto
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
R. Tomás
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
G. Vanbavinckhove
NIKHEF, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Funding: This work partially supported by the US Department of Energy through the LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP).
Accurate knowledge of the collision point optics is crucial to equalize the luminosities at the different experiments. K-modulation was successfully applied at several accelerators for measuring the lattice beta functions. In the LHC, it was proposed as an alternative method to compute the beta* at the collision points. Results of beta* measurements in the LHC based on the K-modulation technique are presented with comparisons to nominal segment-by-segment method.

TUPZ037

Momentum Aperture for the Low Beta* Lattices in RHIC Au-Au Runs

dynamic-aperture, heavy-ion, ion, beam-losses

1891

Y. Luo, K.A. Brown, W. Fischer, X. Gu, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Roser, V. Schoefer, S. Tepikian, D. Trbojevic
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
In this article we calculate the momentum apertures with the low beta* lattices of 100 GeV RHIC Au-Au run. With RF re-bucketing, the maximum off-momentum spread reaches 1.7 ·10^-03 at store. To improve the momentum aperture, we need to reduce the nonlinear chromaticities. The methods to correct second order chromaticities in RHIC rings are presented. We also scan beta* at IP6 and IP8 and working point. The challenges to further reduce beta* in the RHIC Au-Au operation are discussed.

WEOBA03

Non-scaling Fixed Field Alternating Gradient Permanent Magnet Cancer Therapy Accelerator

acceleration, proton, cavity, permanent-magnet

1923

D. Trbojevic
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
V.S. Morozov
JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Work performed under U.S. DOE Contract Number DE-AC02-98CH10886.
We present a design of the proton therapy accelerator from 31 MeV to 250 MeV by using racetrack lattice made of Non-Scaling Fixed Field Alternating Gradient (NS-FFAG) arcs and two parallel straight sections. The magnets in the arcs are separated function Halbach type magnets. The dipole bending field is 2.3 T, while the Neodymium Iron Boron magnetic residual induction is Br=1.3 T. The radial orbit offsets in the NS-FFAG arcs, for the kinetic energy range between 31 MeV < Ek < 250 MeV or momentum offset range -50% < δp/p < 50%, are -11.6 mm < x max < 16.8 mm, correspondingly. The straight sections used for the cavities and single turn injection/extraction kickers and septa are with zero orbit offsets. The permanent magnets accelerator should reduce overall and operating cost. It could fit into 8 x 12 m space.

Slides WEOBA03 [2.789 MB]

WEZA01

Round Beam Collisions at VEPP-2000*

luminosity, positron, resonance, betatron

1926

Y.M. Shatunov, D.E. Berkaev, A.N. Kirpotin, I. Koop, A.P. Lysenko, I. Nesterenko, E. Perevedentsev, Yu. A. Rogovsky, A.L. Romanov, P.Yu. Shatunov, D.B. Shwartz, A.N. Skrinsky, I. Zemlyansky
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

The idea of round beams collision was proposed more than 20 years ago for the Novosibirsk Phi-factory design. It requires equal emittances, equal small fractional tunes, equal beta functions at the IP, no betatron coupling in the collider arcs. A 90° rotation at each passage of the transverse oscillation plane by means of solenoids in the interaction regions provides conservation of the longitudinal component of the angular moment. Thus the transverse motion becomes one-dimensional. Such a scheme helps to eliminate all betatron coupling resonances that are of crucial importance for beam-beam tune shift saturation and lifetime degradation. Only recently, the round beam concept was successfully tested at the electron-positron collider VEPP2000 at the energy of 510 MeV. Despite the low energy a high single bunch luminosity of 10³¹ cm^-2s⁻¹ was achieved together with a maximum tune shift as high as 0.1. At present the work is in progress to increase the energy of the collider to explore the range between 510 MeV and 1 GeV in collision.

Slides WEZA01 [3.740 MB]

WEPC012

Steering-corrected 88 MHz QWRs for SARAF Phase II

cavity, linac, proton, simulation

2028

J. Rodnizki, J. Ashkenazy, D. Berkovits, Z. Horvitz
Soreq NRC, Yavne, Israel
A. Kolomiets, B. Mustapha, P.N. Ostroumov
ANL, Argonne, USA

Funding: This work is partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
SARAF phase II linac is designed for 5 mA 40 MeV proton and deuteron beams. One option is to base the design on Quarter Wave Resonators (QWR). It is suggested to compensate the QWR non-symmetric magnetic field component by introducing a drift tube face tilt angle*. Here we explore the applicability of this steering correction scheme to the acceleration of a CW high current low β light ion beam in an end-to-end 88 MHz QWR lattice. This can serve as a case study for multi-megawatt machines that are currently being designed by ANL. An analytical approximation is used to evaluate the on-axis beam steering behavior. Two 88 MHz QWR cavities, β=0.08 and 0.15, were designed, field and beam dynamics were simulated and optimized. Using the tube face tilt angle concept the beam steering along a QWR can be reduced to the order of 0.1 mrad. Beam dynamics lattice examination including error analysis demonstrated an efficient high performance 40 MeV linac based on 3 superconducting modules with 19 QWRs (Ep < 35 MV/m and Bp < 70 mT). The fields obtained at recent ANL tests for a 73 MHz QWR (70 MV/m and 10⁵ mT) imply that Ep is not a real limiting factor.
* P.N. Ostroumov and K. W. Shepard, PRST-AB 4, 110101 (2001).

WEPC013

Tests for Low Vertical Emittance at Diamond using LET Algorithm

coupling, quadrupole, emittance, simulation

2031

S.M. Liuzzo, M.E. Biagini, P. Raimondi
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
R. Bartolini
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom

We present measurements recently performed at the Diamond Light Source, aimed at the achievement of low vertical emittance using the Low Emittance Tuning (LET) algorithm developed for a SuperB factory project presently in progress. The tests have been focused on the comparison between this method and the LOCO algorithm currently used at Diamond. Beam position monitor tilts estimate and multiple coupling response matrices have been introduced in the algorithm in order to optimize the procedure. After few iterations using vertical correctors and skew quadrupoles, very low vertical dispersion and emittance coupling, comparable to those obtained by LOCO, have been measured.

WEPC033

Decoupling Problem of Weakly Linear Coupled Double Mini-beta-y Lattice of TPS Storage Ring

coupling, betatron, storage-ring, resonance

2076

H.-P. Chang, C.C. Chiang, M.-S. Chiu
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

Three double mini-beta-y (DMBy) lattice design of the TPS storage ring is in progress to enhance the photon sources at three of the six long straight sections. For the estimation of Touschek beam lifetime, the TRACY code is used to calculate the momentum acceptance of the linear coupled TPS 3-DMBy lattice. The weak linear coupling was generated by adding some random skew quadrupoles at all quadrupole locations in order to create 1% coupling. Using the Teng’s symplectic rotation form in program may cause trouble in decoupling the one-turn coupled matrix. This report describes how we solve this decoupling problem and some useful references and comments are also presented.

WEPC035

Double Mini-Betay Lattice for TPS Storage Ring

emittance, dynamic-aperture, multipole, quadrupole

2082

M.-S. Chiu, H.-P. Chang, C.-T. Chen, C.C. Chiang, C.-C. Kuo, Y.C. Lee, H.-J. Tsai, C.H. Yang
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

Based on our previous design of double mini-betay optics in one 12-m straight section, NSRRC plan to implement the double mini-betay lattice in three 12-m straight sections in TPS storage ring. Those three locations chosen for double mini-betay lattice still retain the symmetry of accelerator lattice. The two symmetric minima of the vertical beta function will be created in the center of three 12-m straight sections, respectively. We strived to obtain a linear lattice such that there is no significant increase in the natural emittance. Efforts were devoted to optimize the nonlinear beam dynamics with various simulation tools. Preliminary results will be reported.

WEPC036

Coherent Synchrotron Radiation Source Based on an Isochronous Accumulator Ring with Femtosecond Electron Bunches

betatron, linac, gun, radiation

2085

N.Y. Huang
NTHU, Hsinchu, Taiwan
H. Hama, F. Hinode, S. Kashiwagi, M. Kawai, X. Li, F. Miyahara, T. Muto, K. Nanbu, Y. Tanaka
Tohoku University, Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Sendai, Japan
W.K. Lau
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

A compact isochronous accumulator ring has been studied as a source of coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) at a wavelength region from THz to GHz. Since the thermionic rf gun is substantially stable in general, we anticipate a bunch train of very short electron pulses can be provided satisfactorily by means of velocity bunching. Careful numerical simulations show possibility of the bunch length of much less than 100 fs with a bunch charge of 20 pC, which will contain sufficiently large form factor for production of CSR at the wavelengths longer than ~ 0.1 mm. The coherent THz radiation of high average power will be achieved if the short bunches can be circulated in the accumulator ring without bunch lengthening. This paper will describe the optimization of thermionic injector to produce femtosecond bunches in addition to study of the lattice designing of complete isochronous optics for the accumulator ring.

WEPC047

Crab Crossing Schemes and Studies for Electron Ion Collider

cavity, electron, collider, ion

2115

S. Ahmed, S.U. De Silva, Y.S. Derbenev, G.A. Krafft, V.S. Morozov, B.C. Yunn, Y. Zhang
JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA
A. Castilla, J.R. Delayen
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA

Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
Medium Energy Electron Ion Collider (MEIC) at JLab has been envisioned as future high energy particle accelerator beyond 12 GeV upgrade of CEBAF. Crab crossing of colliding electron and ion beams is essential for accommodating high bunch repetition frequency in the conceptual design of MEIC. The scheme eliminates parasitic beam-beam interactions and avoids luminosity reduction by restoring head-on collisions at interaction points. This requires the separation of two beams quickly to avoid parasitic collisions and the minimization of synchrotron-betatron resonance near IP which can be fulfilled by employing the crab crossing concept first proposed by R. Palmer. Let us call this original scheme as transverse crabbing for the sake of comparison with dispersive crabbing which employs the existing accelerating/bunching RF cavities and dispersion function in the section where the cavity is installed as originally proposed by G. Jackson. In this paper, we report the beam transport and optics for both transverse and dispersive crabbing schemes followed by basic beam dynamics. Moreover, alignment and stability calculations together with synchro-betatron beam dynamics will be discussed.

WEPC057

Estimation of the Dynamic Aperture by Transverse Beam Excitation with Noise Close to a Resonance

dynamic-aperture, resonance, beam-losses, sextupole

2145

S. Sorge, G. Franchetti
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

The present heavy ion synchrotron SIS-18 will be upgraded to be used as a booster for further synchrotrons being part of the FAIR project underway at GSI. Recently, a method was developed to measure the physical aperture of SIS-18 using transverse RF noise. This method is based on the transverse expansion of the beam with noise beyond the limiting aperture generating beam loss. The aperture was determined from the comparison of the resulting time evolution of the beam current in the machine with that obtained from a numerical simulation. In this study we attempt to apply this method to determine the dynamic aperture of SIS-18.

WEPC059

Optimization of the Sextupole Scheme and Compensation of the Time-Dependent Field Errors during Slow Extraction from the Superconducting Synchrotron SIS300

extraction, sextupole, dipole, resonance

2151

A. Saa Hernandez, P.J. Spiller
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
U. Ratzinger
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

The SIS300 synchrotron, planned for the new Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at GSI-Darmstadt, will become the first superconducting synchrotron worldwide using cos(θ) magnets for resonant slow extraction. A multi-objective optimization algorithm has been developed for the design of the non-linear magnet scheme. The optimization algorithm makes use of the analytical model for the slow extraction from Kobayashi, the analytical description of the resonance excitation and amplitude-dependent tune-shift from Bengtsson, and corrects the chromaticity in order to fulfill the Hardt condition. As a result, the placement of the chromatic and harmonic sextupole magnets in SIS300, the number of sextupole families and the gradients of these families have been optimized for a high efficiency slow extraction. The algorithm accounts also for the sextupole errors on the dipole magnets, compensating its effects. Furthermore, optimized time-dependent settings for the sextupole magnets are generated to compensate the persistent current decay occurring at slow extraction. Tolerances for the magnets are set for the limits where the compensation is no longer valid.

WEPC063

Apochromatic Twiss Parameters of Drift-quadrupole Systems with Symmetries

quadrupole, betatron, chromatic-effects, beam-transport

2163

V. Balandin, R. Brinkmann, W. Decking, N. Golubeva
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

It was shown in *, that for every drift-quadrupole system there exists an unique set of Twiss parameters (apochromatic Twiss parameters), which will be transported through that system without first order chromatic distortions. In this paper we investigate apochromatic Twiss parameters of periodic, mirror symmetric and other drift-quadrupole systems with symmetries.
* V. Balandin, R. Brinkmann, W. Decking, N. Golubeva, "Apochromatic Beam Transport in Drift-Quadrupole Systems", Proc. IPAC'10, Kyoto, Japan (2010).

WEPC066

High Order Non-linear Motion in Electrostatic Rings

focusing, proton, storage-ring, simulation

2172

D. Zyuzin, R. Maier, Y. Senichev
FZJ, Jülich, Germany

The advantages of an electrostatic storage ring as compared to a magnetic ring are obvious from the point of view to search for the proton electric dipole moment (pEDM). However the magnetic and electrostatic fields have the different nature and, consequently, different features. In particular, particles moving in electrostatic field, can change their own kinetic energy as electrical field coincides with the direction of motion, which is not so for the magnetic field, where the force is always perpendicular to the direction of motion. The electrostatic rings found many applications in the atomic physics and partly the beam dynamics has been already investigated. However in EDM ring some additional specific features are added, which are considered in this paper.

WEPC067

The Spin Aberration of Polarized Beam in Electrostatic Rings

cavity, simulation, emittance, dipole

2175

Y. Senichev, A. Lehrach, R. Maier, D. Zyuzin
FZJ, Jülich, Germany

For a beam with nonzero transverse emittance and momentum spread passing through an electric field, for example an electric focusing lens or deflector, the orientation of a spin vector becomes a function of 6D initial phase coordinates that leads to spin aberrations. We investigate this process analytically and numerically.

WEPC080

Non-linear Dynamics Optimization of the CLIC Damping Rings

resonance, emittance, dynamic-aperture, quadrupole

2205

Y. Renier, F. Antoniou, H. Bartosik, Y. Papaphilippou
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
K.P. Wootton
The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

Non-linear dynamics studies are undertaken in order to optimize the dynamic aperture of the CLIC damping rings. In this respect, advanced methods such as frequency map and resonance driving term analysis are used in order to explore the working point space with respect to single particle stability. The impact of magnet errors and misalignments, and in particular, the effect of the super-conducting damping wigglers is evaluated. Additional considerations for the working point choice are presented.

WEPC105

Multiparticle Simulation of Intrabeam Scattering for SuperB

emittance, simulation, damping, scattering

2259

T. Demma, M.E. Biagini, M. Boscolo
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
K.L.F. Bane, A. Chao, M.T.F. Pivi
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Intrabeam scattering (IBS) is associated with multiple small angle scattering events leading to emittance growth. In most electron storage rings, the growth rates arising from IBS are much longer than damping times due to synchrotron radiation, and the effect on emittance growth is negligible. However, IBS growth rates increase with increasing bunch charge density, and for storage rings such as SuperB, that operate with high bunch charges and very low vertical emittance, the IBS growth rates can be large enough to produce significant emittance increase. Several formalisms have been developed for calculating IBS growth rates in storage rings*. However these models, based on Gaussian bunch distributions, cannot investigate some interesting aspects of IBS such as its evolution during the damping process and its effect on the beam distribution. We developed a multiparticle tracking code, based on the Binary Collision Model**, to investigate these effects. In this communication we present the structure of the code and simulation results obtained with particular reference to the SuperB parameters. Simulation results are compared with those of conventional IBS theories.
* A. Piwinski, Lect. Notes Phys. 296 (1988); J.D. Bjorken and S.K. Mtingwa, Part. Accel. 13 (1983); K. Kubo et al., Phys. Rev. ST-AB 8 (2005).
** Peicheng Yu et al., Phys. Rev. ST–AB 12 (2009).

WEPC106

Touschek Effect at DAΦNE for the New KLOE Run in the Crab-Waist Scheme

background, simulation, vacuum, scattering

2262

M. Boscolo, P. Raimondi
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
E. Paoloni
University of Pisa and INFN, Pisa, Italy
A. Perez
INFN-Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Funding: Work supported by the EuCARD research programme within the 'Assessment of Novel Accelerator Concepts' work package (ANAC-WP11)
The innovative crab-waist collision scheme has been recently implemented at DAΦNE for a new KLOE run. This scheme requires special attention to the Touschek effect, both for the lifetime and the machine induced backgrounds into the detector. These two aspects have been handled starting from the same Monte Carlo simulation. The DAΦNE optical model has been tuned to keep the effects of Touschek scattering under control with a trade-off between critical parameters, following the indications given by simulations. Connections between numerical results and lattice modifications are discussed here. Dedicated lifetime measurements have been carried out to validate these studies. Particle losses at the IR have been minimized by means of the same optical knobs, but in addition proper shieldings have been implemented to further decrease their impact on the detector performance. IR distributions of the Touschek particle losses have been tracked from the beam pipe into KLOE for direct comparison of measured and expected backgrounds. Moreover, these studies are carried out with the same software tools used for the SuperB factory design, allowing a direct validation test of this approach.

WEPC109

Emittance Optimization Using Particle Swarm Algorithm*

emittance, quadrupole, storage-ring, synchrotron

2271

Z. Bai, W. Li, L. Wang
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China

In this paper we use a swarm intelligence algorithm, particle swarm optimization (PSO), to optimize the emittance directly. Some constraint conditions such as beta functions, fractional tunes and dispersion function, are considered in the emittance optimization. We optimize the strengths and positions of quadrupoles to search low emittances. Here an FBA lattice studied in the design of the Hefei Advanced Light Source storage ring is used as the testing lattice. The PSO is shown to be beneficial in the optimization.

WEPC119

PYMAD – Integration of MADX in PYTHON

simulation, status, background, optics

2289

K. Fuchsberger, Y.I. Levinsen
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The de-facto standard software for modeling accelerator lattices at CERN is MADX (Methodical Accelerator Design), which is implemented and still maintained in the programming languages C and FORTRAN. For detailed processing, analysis and plotting of MADX results, other programming languages are often used. One very popular scripting language is PYTHON, which is widely used in the physics community and provides powerful numerical libraries and plotting routines. Therefore, access to MADX models from PYTHON is a common demand. Currently, several possible concepts for the realization of such a project are evaluated, including direct access to MADX via CYTHON (C extension of PYTHON) or the re-usage of the existing JMAD Java libraries, benefiting from the already available model-definitions. A first prototype is already in use and the release as an open source project is in preparation. This paper presents the concepts and the current status of the project, as well as some usage examples.

WEPC120

Status of JMAD, the JAVA-API for MADX

optics, controls, status, feedback

2292

K. Fuchsberger, X. Buffat, Y.I. Levinsen, G.J. Müller
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

MADX (Methodical Accelerator Design) is the de-facto standard software for modeling accelerator lattices at CERN. This feature-rich software package is implemented and still maintained in the programming languages C and FORTRAN. Nevertheless the controls environment of modern accelerators at CERN, e.g., of the LHC, is dominated by JAVA applications. A lot of these applications, for example, for lattice measurement and fitting, require a close interaction with the numerical models, which are all defined by the use of the proprietary MADX scripting language. To close this gap an API to MADX for the JAVA programming language (JMAD) was developed. JMAD was first presented to the public about one year ago. In the meantime, a number of improvements were done, and additional MADX features (e.g., tracking) were made available for JAVA applications. Additionally, the graphical user interface was improved, and the first release as open source software is in reach. This paper describes the current status and some new features of the project, as well as some usage examples.

WEPC121

XML Constructs for Developing Dynamics Applications or Towards a Universal Representation of Particle Accelerators in XML

controls, EPICS, extraction, diagnostics

2295

J.T.M. Chrin, R.A. Krempaska, H. Lutz, G. Prekas
PSI, Villigen, Switzerland
T.A. Pelaia
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

A recognized practice within the development of high-level beam dynamics applications is to separate data parameters destined for the configuration of the application from the programming language domain. The contemporary approach is to generate input files that provide the configuration parameters in a structured data format specified by the Extensible Markup Language (XML), enhancing flexibility and simplifying code maintenance. Furthermore, a careful choice of syntactic constructs, i.e. structured elements, attributes, etc., that map well to the various accelerator components, provides a basis for portability of applications. This has been exemplified by the XAL software package which initiated an XML description of the Standard Machine Format (SMF) accelerator object model. We have since adopted XML-SMF to provide an XML representation of both the Swiss Light Source (SLS) and the SwissFEL Injector Test Facility. We demonstrate how such XML constructs allow us to deploy the same orbit display application at both facilities. Our experience leads us to advocate a Universal Machine Format (UMF) that encompasses an all-inclusive XML schema for the management of accelerator information.

Poster WEPC121 [0.313 MB]

WEPC128

Application of Dynamical Maps to the FFAG EMMA Commissioning*

simulation, closed-orbit, acceleration, target

2304

Y. Giboudot, R. Nilavalan
Brunel University, Middlesex, United Kingdom
A. Wolski
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Funding: Work supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, UK.
The lattice of the Non Scaling FFAG EMMA has four degrees of freedom (strengths and transverse positions of each of the two quadrupoles in each periodic cell). Dynamical maps computed from an analytical representation of the magnetic field may be used to predict the beam dynamics in any configuration of the lattice. An interpolation technique using a mixed variable generating function representation for the map provides an efficient way to generate the map for any required lattice configuration, while ensuring symplecticity of the map. The interpolation technique is used in an optimisation routine, to identify the lattice configuration most closely machine specified dynamical properties, including the variation of time of flight with beam energy (a key characteristic for acceleration in EMMA).
yoel.giboudot@stfc.ac.uk

WEPC134

Unified Accelerator Modeling Using the Bmad Software Library

simulation, controls, photon, linac

2310

D. Sagan, I.V. Bazarov, J.Y. Chee, J.A. Crittenden, G. Dugan, K. Finkelstein, G.H. Hoffstaetter, C.E. Mayes, S. Milashuk, D. L. Rubin, J.P. Shanks
CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA
R. Cope
CSU, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA

Funding: Work supported by the National Science Foundation and by the US Department of Energy under contract numbers PHY-0734867 and DE-FC02-08ER41538.
The Bmad software library has proved to be a useful tool for accelerator simulations owing to its modular, object-oriented design. It is now used in a number of design, simulation and control programs at the Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-based Sciences and Education. Work is ongoing to expand Bmad in a number of directions. One aim is tohave a complete framework in order to simulate Cornell's Energy Recovery Linac from Gun cathode (including space-charge) to photon generation to photon tracking through to the x-ray experimental end stations. Other work includes synchrotron radiation tracking including reflections from the vacuum chamber walls which is useful for electron cloud investigations, spin tracking, beam break-up instability, intra-beam scattering, etc. This paper will discuss the current state of the Bmad software along with the long-term goals.

WEPC159

A Python Tracking Code and GUI for Control Room Operations

controls, storage-ring, status, dipole

2358

M.T. Heron, J. Rowland
Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

Considerable use has been made in recent years of accelerator physics modelling and online tools under Matlab. These have demonstrated the benefits of operating in a rich integrated environment and further given good portability across projects and operating systems. As a possible alternative to Matlab, Diamond has been evaluating options based on Python. Python together with the Numpy libraries and Qt Graphics provides an environment which offers a lot of the functionality of Matlab. This paper presents these developments, which include a tracking code, symplectic integrator, twiss and response matrix together with a GUI interface.

WEPC162

Investigations into Non-linear Beam Dynamics in Electrostatic Storage Rings

quadrupole, focusing, dynamic-aperture, proton

2361

D. Newton, C.P. Welsch
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
O.E. Gorda
MPI-K, Heidelberg, Germany
D. Newton
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
A.I. Papash
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

Funding: Work supported by STFC, the Helmholtz Association and GSI under contract VH-NG-328.
Electrostatic (ES) storage rings provide a cost-effective solution to the problem of confining low energy (beta << 1) charged particles and ions, whilst controlling the beam properties, for use in multi-pass experiments. However, compared to magnetic storage rings, the beam dynamics calculations for an ES ring show subtle differences, especially in the coupling of the longitudinal and transverse velocities and in the focusing properties of bending element fringe fields. Using the nominal design for a prototype ES ring, realistic trajectories (including fringe fields and non-linear field components) have been calculated and a comparison is made with linear lattice simulations. The effect of the non-linear field components on the beam parameters is discussed.

WEPO015

MAX IV 3 GeV Storage Ring Prototype Magnet

dipole, storage-ring, simulation, magnet-design

2427

M.A.G. Johansson, L.-J. Lindgren
MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden
B. Anderberg
AMACC, Uppsala, Sweden

The MAX IV facility, currently under construction, will consist of a 3 GeV storage ring, a 1.5 GeV storage ring, and a full energy injector/SPF/FEL driver. The magnet design for the 3 GeV storage ring is conceptually identical to the MAX III storage ring magnets, with all magnet elements within each cell machined into one solid iron block. A prototype of a matching cell magnet block has been manufactured and mechanical and magnetic field measurements have been performed.

WEPO016

Design of the MAX IV/Solaris 1.5 GeV Storage Ring Magnets

ion, storage-ring, simulation, dipole

2430

M.A.G. Johansson
MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden

The MAX IV facility, currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, will consist of a 3 GeV storage ring, a 1.5 GeV storage ring, and a full energy injector/SPF/FEL driver. The Solaris facility, which will be built in Krakow, Poland, will use an identical 1.5 GeV storage ring, injected at 500 MeV. The magnet design for the 1.5 GeV storage ring is conceptually identical to the MAX III and the MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring magnets, with several magnet elements machined into one solid iron block. Detailed design has been done in Opera3D, with a model of the full magnet block being set up and simulated, and iterated against the lattice design.

WEPS001

A New Lattice for the Beta-beam Decay Ring to Reduce the Head Tail Effects

injection, dipole, ion, dynamic-aperture

2478

A. Chancé, J. Payet
CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
C. Hansen
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: I acknowledge the financial support of the European Community under the European Commission Framework Programme 7 Design Study: EUROnu, Project Number 212372.
The beta-beam concept relies on the production, by beta decay of radioactive ions of a very high flux, of an electron neutrino and anti-neutrino beam towards a distant detector. In this aim, the radioactive isotopes are stored in a long racetrack-shaped ring, called the decay ring, where they orbit until they decay or are lost. The intensities to store in the decay ring to obtain the required neutrino fluxes are very high (several amperes in average). Therefore, collective effects occur. Among them, the head tail effect, caused by transversal resonance impedance, is one of the main issues: the beam was shown to be unstable with the previous decay ring lattice. The transition gamma was reduced to mitigate this problem. For this purpose the lattice was changed by removing the injection from the arc to put it in a chicane which is added in one of the long straight sections. After presenting the limitation due to head tail effects, we will present the modification in the lattice and their impact on the dynamic aperture in the decay ring. Then the improvement on the beta-beam performance with respect to the lower transition gamma will be shown.

WEPS011

Application of Orbit Response Matrix Method at CSNS/RCS

closed-orbit, dipole, alignment, simulation

2505

Y.W. An, S. Wang
IHEP Beijing, Beijing, People's Republic of China

The China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS) consists of a low energy linac and a high energy Rapid Cycling Synchrotron(RCS). RCS accumulates 80MeV beam and accelerates to 1.6GeV with 25Hz repetition rate and the average extraction beam power is 100kW. For controlling beam loss, the closed orbit should be adjusted as flexible as possible. The orbit response matrix(ORM) method is applied to correct the closed orbit distortion in RCS. The simulation study was made by using the code Linear Optics from Closed Orbit(LOCO) for CSNS/RCS, and the results of simulation study are presented.

WEPS019

Study of a Rapid Cycling Synchrotron to Replace the CERN PS Booster

injection, extraction, booster, linac

2523

K. Hanke, O. Aberle, M. E. Angoletta, B. Balhan, W. Bartmann, M. Benedikt, J. Borburgh, D. Bozzini, C. Carli, P. Dahlen, T. Dobers, M. Fitterer, R. Garoby, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, J. Hansen, T. Hermanns, M. Hourican, S. Jensen, A. Kosmicki, L.A. Lopez Hernandez, M. Meddahi, B. Mikulec, A. Newborough, M. Nonis, S. Olek, M.M. Paoluzzi, S. Pittet, B. Puccio, V. Raginel, I. Ruehl, H.O. Schönauer, L. Sermeus, R.R. Steerenberg, J. Tan, J. Tückmantel, M. Vretenar, M. Widorski
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

CERN’s proton injector chain is undergoing a massive consolidation and upgrade program in order to deliver beams meeting the needs of the LHC Luminosity Upgrade. As an alternative to the upgrade of the existing Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB), the construction of a Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) has been studied. This machine would replace the PSB and deliver beams to the LHC as well as to CERN’s rich fixed-target physics program. This paper summarizes the outcome of the feasibility study along with a tentative RCS design.

WEPS057

Beam Dynamics Simulation in DTL with RF Quadrupole Focusing

quadrupole, focusing, linac, DTL

2625

S.M. Polozov, A.S. Plastun
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia

There are a number of ion linear accelerators using RF focusing. Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) is the most useful RF linac in low energy range. Using of RFQ for medium energies is impractical because of low energy gain rate. Therefore, proposed to combine Drift Tube Linac (DTL), keeping tolerable energy gain rate, and RFQ. Such linac consists of periodic sequence of a several number of drift tubes and RF quadrupole electrodes, located in the same IH resonator. Different variants of the structure will be considered. Beam dynamics simulation will be carried out through these variants. Main parameters of the linac will be determine. The RF model design, providing combination of DTL and RFQ, will be proposed.

WEPS065

Segmentation in the Project-X Low Energy CW Linac Front End

cavity, focusing, linac, solenoid

2649

J.-F. Ostiguy, B.G. Shteynas, N. Solyak
Fermilab, Batavia, USA

Funding: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC. for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-07CH11359
The low-energy front-end of the Project-X 2.5 MeV - 3 GeV linac utilizes superconducting single-spoke resonators for acceleration and solenoids for transverse focusing. To take advantage of the available accelerating field in the cavities, it is necessary to minimize the period length. This leads to a compact arrangement of cavities and solenoids with very minimal open longitudinal space. While beam position monitors and correctors can be integrated to the solenoid assemblies inside a cryostat, some instrumentation such as beam profile monitors require dedicated warm longitudinal space. In this paper we discuss an arrangement where the front-end is segmented in crystats comprising about half a dozen lattice periods separated by a minimal amount of warm longitudinal space. We discuss the impact of introducting such openings and present an optical solution integrating them. The strategy and constraints leading to this solution are outlined.

WEPS066

Residual Focusing Asymmetry in Superconducting Spoke Cavities

focusing, cavity, linac, solenoid

2652

J.-F. Ostiguy, N. Solyak
Fermilab, Batavia, USA

Funding: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC. for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-07CH11359.
Project-X is a proposed high intensity proton source at Fermilab. Protons (H⁻) are first accelerated from 2.5 to 3 GeV in a superconducting linac operating in CW mode. While most of the particles are delivered to a variety of precision experiments, a fraction ( about 10%) is further accelerated to 8 GeV in a second superconducting linac operating in pulsed mode. In the low energy front-end of the first stage CW linac, single-spoke cavities are used for acceleration while solenoids and quadrupole doublets provide transverse focusing. The transverse rf defocusing arising from the spoke cavities has a small residual asymmetry whose effect can become noticeable in periods where the transverse phase advance is low. In this paper we discuss this effect, its practical consequences, as well as possible mitigation strategies.

WEPS081

The Study of Helium Ion FFAG Accelerator*

acceleration, ion, focusing, induction

2697

H.L. Luo, H. Hao, X.Q. Wang, H.L. Wu, Y.C. Xu
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China

As helium ion source, the periodic focusing structure model of Helium ion (He+) FFAG (Fixed-Field Alternating Gradient) accelerator was designed, providing He⁺ beam with higher beam current at a lower cost, which could be used for the study of the impact of Helium embitterment on fusion reactor envelope material. A radial sector scaling FFAG accelerator type with eight super-periods and a conventional magnetic lattice structure, a triplet focusing lattice-DFD combination, is adopted for He⁺ FFAG accelerator. In this paper, magnetic lattice is optimizing by analytical and numerical techniques. A large-aperture magnet is designed by using a 3D magnetic field simulation code OPERA-3D. Runge-Kutta tracking code used specifically for FFAG accelerator based on MATLAB language was used to track the particle in the magnetic field generated by OPERA-3D, followed by linear and nonlinear beam dynamics study. Some results of magnet design, particle tracking and dynamics study are presented in the article.

WEPS086

Three-lens Lattices for Extending the Energy Range of Non-scaling FFAGs

closed-orbit, optics, synchrotron, quadrupole

2709

S.J. Brooks
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

In this paper it is found that a three-quadrupole focussing system can be morphed continuously through FFD, FDF and DFF variants and back again while maintaining stable optics and even keeping the two transverse tunes constant. This relates to non-scaling FFAGs, where the magnet gradients define both the focussing and the variation of the field with momentum as the closed orbit sweeps across it. A two-lens focussing system cannot change the sign of either gradient without becoming unstable, meaning non-scaling FFAGs built with such a lattice eventually encounter too large a magnetic field at low energies. However, a theoretical system of magnet field variations using three lenses, with a potentially unlimited energy range and fixed tunes is presented here.

WEPS087

Dynamics of a Novel Isochronous Non-scaling FFAG

acceleration, dynamic-aperture, closed-orbit, simulation

2712

S.L. Sheehy
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

Many non-scaling FFAG accelerator designs involve magnetic fields that cannot be described in popular accelerator design codes, and complex beam dynamics that require extremely accurate simulations. A recent design of a 1 GeV isochronous non-scaling FFAG is used to compare the codes COSY Infinity and ZGOUBI, both of which are commonly used in FFAG design. Results are presented for the comparison of basic beam dynamics and calculated dynamic aperture.

WEPS088

Space Charge Studies of a 1 GeV Isochronous Non-scaling FFAG Proton Driver

space-charge, acceleration, simulation, emittance

2715

S.L. Sheehy
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

The production of very high power proton drivers in the 10 MW range is a considerable challenge to the accelerator community. Non-scaling FFAGs have gained interest in this field, as they may be able to provide smaller, cheaper accelerators than existing options. The recent development of an isochronous non-scaling FFAG is a promising advance, but must be shown to have stable beam dynamics in the presence of space charge. Simulations of this design including space charge are presented and the implications discussed.

WEPS101

Lattice Design of a RCS as Possible Alternative to the PS Booster Upgrade

quadrupole, injection, space-charge, booster

2745

M. Fitterer, M. Benedikt, H. Burkhardt, C. Carli, R. Garoby, B. Goddard, K. Hanke, H.O. Schönauer
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
A.-S. Müller
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany

In the framework of the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) a new rapid cycling synchrotron as alternative to the PS Booster has been proposed. In this paper we present the lattice constraints and requirement as well as the current status of the RCS lattice design and beam dynamics studies.

WEPS102

Latest News on the Beam Dynamics Design of SPL

cavity, linac, emittance, quadrupole

2748

P.A. Posocco, M. Eshraqi, A.M. Lombardi
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

SPL is a superconducting H− LINAC under study at CERN. The SPL is designed to accelerate the 160 MeV beam of LINAC4 to 5 GeV, and is composed of two fami¬lies of 704.4 MHz elliptical cavities with geometrical betas of 0.65 and 1.0. Two families of cryo-modules are considered: the low-beta cryo-module houses 3 low-beta cavities, whereas the high-beta one houses 8 cavities. The transverse focusing is performed with normal-conducting quadrupoles arranged in 2 different lattices: FD0 at lower and F0D0 at higher energies. The regular lattices are in-terrupted at the transition between low beta and high beta cryo-modules and for extracting medium energy beams at 1.4 and 2.5 GeV, where the change of the transverse lattice is performed. In this paper the latest beam dynamics studies will be presented together with the sensitivity of the SPL performance to RF errors, alignment tolerances and quadrupole high order components.

THOBA03

Dual AC Dipole Excitation for the Measurement of Magnetic Multipole Strength from Beam Position Monitor Data*

dipole, sextupole, kicker, simulation

2865

M. Spata, G.A. Krafft
JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Notice: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
An experiment was conducted at Jefferson Lab's Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility to develop a technique for characterizing the nonlinear fields of the beam transport system. Two air-core dipole magnets were simultaneously driven at two different frequencies to provide a time-dependent transverse modulation of the electron beam. Fourier decomposition of beam position monitor data was then used to measure the amplitude of these frequencies at different positions along the beamline. For a purely linear transport system one expects to find solely the frequencies that were applied to the dipoles with amplitudes that depend on the phase advance of the lattice. In the presence of nonlinear fields one expects to also find harmonics of the driving frequencies that depend on the order of the nonlinearity. The technique was calibrated using one of the sextupole magnets in a CEBAF beamline and then applied to a dipole to measure the sextupole and octupole strength of the magnet. A comparison is made between the beam-based measurements, results from TOSCA and data from our Magnet Measurement Facility.

Slides THOBA03 [6.193 MB]

THPC002

Implementation of a Low-Emittance Optics for the LNLS UVX Storage Ring

optics, emittance, quadrupole, storage-ring

2907

F. H. de Sá, L. Liu, X.R. Resende
LNLS, Campinas, Brazil

In this report we describe the theoretical optimization and implementation of a low-emittance optics for the LNLS UVX storage ring. The emittance is reduced by letting the dispersion be distributed everywhere while keeping the low vertical beta feature. The optimization strategy is based on a series of quadrupole strength scans and selection of points satisfying a number of criteria. The new mode reduces the emittance from 100 nm.rad to 40 nm.rad, including the effects of the already installed insertion devices, and keeps the working point in the same quadrant as the present operation BBY6T mode. Tests have shown a reduction of approximately 20% in the horizontal and vertical beam sizes in the middle of the dipoles, in agreement with the theoretical emittance reduction.

THPC023

Third Generation Light Source Project in Iran

dipole, booster, emittance, radiation

2954

J. Rahighi, E. Salimi, R. safian
IPM, Tehran, Iran
M. Jafarzadeh, Kh.S. Sarhadi
ILSF, Tehran, Iran

The Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM) is in charge of the establishing the Iranian Light Synchrotron Source Facility (ILSF). This facility will be a 3rd generation 3 GeV storage ring with a circumference of roughly 300 m. The injector will consist of a 150 MeV Linac and a full energy booster synchrotron. The storage ring has a four-fold symmetry with 4 long (7.88m), 16 medium (4.0 m) and 12 short (2.8 m) straight sections. Within the medium straight section there are mini beta values in order to get an optimized flux density for the users. The emittance is in the range of 3 nmrad. The booster synchrotron has a circumference of roughly 192 m with an emittance of roughly 31 nmrad. It is a separated function machine in order to have the maximum flexibility. For both machine it is foreseen to use a 500 MHZ RF-system with normal conducting cavities. The machine will be build in an international collaboration, in which the main components have to be supplied from international market. The conceptual design report should be finished in 2012, the commissioning of the machine is expected to be in 2020.

THPC024

Lattice Candidates for the ILSF Storage Ring

storage-ring, emittance, dipole, synchrotron

2957

H. Ghasem
IPM, Tehran, Iran
D. Einfeld
CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
F. Saeidi
ILSF, Tehran, Iran

Iranian Light Source Facility (ILSF) is a new third generation synchrotron light source which is currently in design and will build in Iran. It will provide a high photon flux density to cover requirements of experimental science in several fields. Regarding to the proposed budget and in order to produce high quality X-ray pulses with several photon beamlines as a request of users, it is decided to design a very low emittance (ε<5nm-rad) storage ring with a typical beam intensity of 400 mA and circumference in the range of 280 m to 320 m. A number of design options with different lattice structure types, circumferences, etc., are explored and we present two designed lattice candidates of the ILSF storage ring. The associated Accelerator Physics issues are discussed.

THPC026

Low Momentum Compaction Optics for Elettra

optics, emittance, quadrupole, sextupole

2963

E. Karantzoulis, A. Carniel, S. Krecic
ELETTRA, Basovizza, Italy

The DBA optics lattice of Elettra, the third generation Italian light source is closer to DBA minimum emittance condition than any other similar lattice. At the same time, although the lattice is also optimized for large acceptance, it is very inflexible to any changes like the reduction of the momentum compaction (very desirable to the IR and SR-FEL beam lines). Nevertheless a solution has been found and consists in abandoning the achromat condition and reversing the polarity of some quadrupole and sextupole families. This special optics and its applications to Elettra are presented and discussed.

THPC029

Ultra-low Emittance Light Source Storage Ring Consisting of 5-Bend Achromat Cells with Four Long Straight Sections

emittance, undulator, storage-ring, wiggler

2972

K. Tsumaki
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan

The 6 GeV ultimate storage ring (USR) consisting of ten bend achromat cells has been proposed* and applied it to the SPring-8 Storage ring**. It has the same circumference as the SPring-8 storage ring, but does not have four long straight sections, where the SPring-8 storage ring does. The cell length is twice of that of the SPring-8 storage ring and the number of cell is half of the SPring-8. The photon beam line positions would deviate from those of the existing one. To avoid these problems, we designed a storage ring that has four long straight sections and same cell number. The cell is changed from ten bend achromat to five bend achromat and the cell length is shortened to 30 m which is the same length of the SPring-8 storage ring unit cell. The total ring consists of 44 five bend achromat cells and four long straight section cells. The emittance is 10⁴ pm and it will reduce to less than 50 pm by radiation damping of wigglers and undulators. The brightness is expected to be more than 10²2 phs/s/mm²/mrad² in 0.1%BW with 200 mA beam current.
* K. Tsumaki, N. Kumagai, NIM A 565 (2006) 394.
** K. Tsumaki, N. Kumagai, Proc. of EPAC06, THPLS035, p. 3362 (2006).

THPC030

Design of a BeamTransport Line from the SACLA Linac to the SPring-8 Storage Ring

emittance, linac, beam-transport, storage-ring

2975

K. Tsumaki, K. Fukami, T. Watanabe
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
S. Itakura, N. Kumagai
RIKEN/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan

The SPring-8 Angstrom Compact Free Electron Laser (SACLA) linac has high beam qualities. The normalized emittance is less than 1 mm.mrad and the bunch length is less than 100 fs. If this high quality beam is injected to the SPring-8 storage ring, many interesting experiments can be done. On the other hand, the upgrade of the SPring-8 storage ring is under contemplation. The dynamic aperture of the new storage ring is expected to be so small that the small emittance beam is required to keep high beam injection efficiency. The SACLA linac beam also fulfills this requirement. For these reasons, it was decided to connect the SACLA linac and the SPring-8 storage ring. Since there is already an injection transport line from the SPring-8 synchrotron to the storage ring, the new transport line from the linac to this transport line has been constructed*. We designed the three types of magnet lattice for the new transport line; FODO, Double Bend Achromat and Triple Bend Achromat lattice. Emittance growth and bunch lengthening are calculated for each lattice and the beam qualities are compared. In this paper, lattice design and the comparison of the beam quality for each lattice are described.
* C. Mitsuda et al., this conference.

THPC032

Current Status of SPring-8 Upgrade Plan

emittance, electron, brilliance, injection

2981

T. Watanabe, T. Asaka, H. Dewa, H. Ego, T. Fujita, K. Fukami, M. Masaki, C. Mitsuda, A. Mochihashi, T. Nakamura, H. Ohkuma, Y. Okayasu, Y. Shimosaki, K. Soutome, M. Takao
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
T. Tanaka
RIKEN Spring-8 Harima, Hyogo, Japan

The SPring-8 upgrade plan has been discussed. The main goal is to replace the storage ring in the existing tunnel so that the resulting emittance will get as close to the diffraction limit in hard x-ray region as possible. For 10 keV photons, for instance, the diffraction limit corresponds to the emittance of as small as 10 pm.rad. For the challenging goal, the new ring features a multi-bend lattice with damping wigglers, which presumably enables us to reduce an emittance by two orders of magnitudes or more compared with the current double-bend lattice without damping wigglers. Up to now, a six-bend lattice has been mainly studied, which is supposed to generate a natural emittance of 60–70 pm.rad for 6 GeV. In addition, damping wigglers and coupling control should assist to reduce the emittance even more for approaching the ultimate goal. The major modification requires not only an advanced lattice design via manipulation of non-linear beam dynamics but also extensive technological developments in almost every component such as magnets, monitors, and RF systems. The overall review of the upgrade plan, including some detailed discussions on the critical issues, will be presented.

THPC058

The MAX IV Synchrotron Light Source

linac, emittance, storage-ring, vacuum

3026

M. Eriksson, J. Ahlbäck, Å. Andersson, M.A.G. Johansson, D. Kumbaro, S.C. Leemann, F. Lindau, L.-J. Lindgren, L. Malmgren, J.H. Modéer, R. Nilsson, M. Sjöström, J. Tagger, P.F. Tavares, S. Thorin, E.J. Wallén, S. Werin
MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden
B. Anderberg
AMACC, Uppsala, Sweden
L.O. Dallin
CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

The MAX IV synchrotron radiation facility is currently being constructed in Lund, Sweden. It consists of a 3 GeV linac injector and 2 storage rings operated at 1.5 and 3 GeV respectively. The linac injector will also be used for the generation of short X-ray pulses. The three machines mentioned above will be descibed with some emphasis on the effort to create a very small emittance in the 3 GeV ring. Some unconventional technical solutions will also be presented.

THPC059

Recent Improvements to the Lattices for the MAX IV Storage Rings

storage-ring, injection, optics, dipole

3029

S.C. Leemann
MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden

Construction of the MAX IV facility started early this year. The facility will include two storage rings for the production of synchrotron radiation. The 3 GeV ring will house insertion devices for the production of x-rays while the 1.5 GeV ring will serve UV and IR users. Recently, the lattices for the storage rings in the MAX IV facility were updated. In the 3 GeV storage ring the vertical beam size in the long straights has been reduced. The lattice of the 1.5 GeV storage ring has been updated to take into account first results from detailed magnet and vacuum system designs. Additionally, a new injection method to facilitate commissioning of the storage rings has been studied. This paper summarizes the changes made in the lattices and the effect of these modifications.

THPC064

Design Study of Low Emittance Lattice for Taiwan Light Source at 1 GeV

emittance, storage-ring, dynamic-aperture, wiggler

3041

C.Y. Lee
NTHU, Hsinchu, Taiwan
C.C. Chiang, P.J. Chou
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
S.-Y. Lee
IUCEEM, Bloomington, Indiana, USA

We explored the possibility that the existing TLS storage ring to be operated at 1 GeV as a high brightness VUV light source after the completion of 3 GeV Taiwan Photon Source. To increase the spectral brightness, we need to reduce the beam emittance in the storage ring as much as possible. We first pursue the lowest emittance which is possible without altering the existing hardware configuration. The theoretical minimum emittance that could be achieved at 1 GeV for non-achromatic lattice is 3.8 nm-rad. However, this could not be achieved without introducing harmonic sextupoles. Preliminary results of low emittance lattice without harmonic sextupoles in TLS storage ring will be presented.

THPC073

Study of Lower Emittance Lattices for SPEAR3

emittance, dynamic-aperture, sextupole, injection

3062

X. Huang, Y. Nosochkov, J.A. Safranek, L. Wang
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

We study paths to significantly reduce the emittance of the SPEAR3 storage ring. Lattice possibilities are explored with the GLASS technique. New lattices are designed and optimized for practical dynamic aperture and beam lifetime. Various techniques are employed to optimize the nonlinear dynamics, including the Elegant-based genetic algorithm. Experimental studies are also carried out on the ring to validate the lattice design.

THPC075

Lattice Design for PEP-X Ultimate Storage Ring Light Source

emittance, wiggler, dipole, dynamic-aperture

3068

Y. Nosochkov, K.L.F. Bane, Y. Cai, R.O. Hettel, M.-H. Wang
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by the Department of Energy Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
SLAC expertise in designing and operating high current storage rings and the availability of the 2.2-km PEP-II tunnel present an opportunity for building a next generation light source – PEP-X – that would replace the SPEAR3 storage ring in the future. The "baseline" design for PEP-X, with 164 pm-rad emittance at 4.5 GeV beam energy and a current of 1.5 A, was completed in 2010. As a next step in the study, a so-called "ultimate" PEP-X lattice having another order of magnitude reduction in emittance from the baseline design has been investigated. The beam emittance approaches the diffraction limited photon emittance for multi-keV photons, providing near maximum photon brightness and high coherence. In this design, the ring arcs contain seven-bend achromat cells yielding 29 pm-rad natural emittance and up to 9 insertion device straights per arc. Another factor of two emittance reduction is achieved with an 89.3-m damping wiggler installed in one of the six long straights. Details of the lattice design, the sextupole correction scheme, dynamic aperture simulations, and calculation of the intra-beam scattering effect and Touschek lifetime at a nominal 200-mA current are presented.

THPC144

The Construction Status of Beam Transport Line from XFEL-linac to SPring-8 Storage Ring

beam-transport, linac, alignment, storage-ring

3224

C. Mitsuda, N. Azumi, T. Fujita, K. Fukami, H. Kimura, H. Ohkuma, M. Oishi, Y. Okayasu, M. Shoji, K. Tsumaki, T. Watanabe
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
M. Hasegawa, Y. Maeda, T. Nakanishi, Y. Tukamoto, M. Yamashita
SES, Hyogo-pref., Japan
N. Kumagai, S. Matsui
RIKEN/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan

The beam transport line from XFEL-linac to SPring-8 storage ring is now under construction to use the ultra short bunched electron beam at the storage ring. The newly constructed line is about 300 m, which is just a half of the whole path from the XFEL linac to the storage ring. The beam extracted from XFEL-linac is guided to the beam transport tunnel connected to the matching section of booster synchrotron bending by 55.2 degrees horizontally and by 10.0 degrees vertically. A double-bend based lattice was adopted to reasonably suppress emittance growth and bunch lengthening. Supposing a bunch length and horizontal emittance at the exit of the XFEL-linac are estimated about 100 fs and 0.04 nmrad respectively, it is expected that the current beam emittance in storage ring is improved to about 0.4 nmrad and almost same bunch length including coherent synchrotron radiation effect. In 2010, the construction of extracting part from XFEL-linac was completed and we finished the installation and alignment of main components. The conceptual design and construction status of transport line will be presented with the emphasis on the detail magnet design and the fabrication.

THPS008

Bucked Coils Lattice for the Neutrino Factory

cavity, emittance, factory, betatron

3439

A. Alekou, J. Pasternak
Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
C.T. Rogers
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

In the Neutrino Factory muon front end, ionization cooling is used to reduce the very large initial transverse muon beam emittance. The current baseline cooling channel, FSIIA, performs well in simulations with respect to the transmission and cooling. However, recent studies indicate the RF voltage may be limited when external magnetic field is applied and therefore, as the FSIIA lattice has a large magnetic field at the position of the RF cavities, the feasibility of FSIIA may be questioned. Bucked Coils lattice, a new cooling lattice that uses different radius and opposite polarity coils placed at the same position along the beam-axis, aims to achieve low magnetic field at the position of the RF cavities while obtaining comparable transmission to FSIIA. The detailed comparison between FSIIA and different versions of the Bucked Coils configuration with respect to the magnetic field, beam dynamics and transmission are presented in this paper.

THPS029

Simulations of Various Driving Mechisms for the 3rd Order Resonant Extraction from the MedAustron Medical Synchrotron

extraction, betatron, synchrotron, resonance

3481

G. Feldbauer, M. Benedikt
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
U. Dorda
EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria

The MedAustron medical synchrotron is based on the CERN-PIMMS design and its technical implementation by CNAO [1]. This document elaborates on studies performed on the baseline betatron-core driven extraction method and investigates the feasibility of alternative resonance driving mechanisms like RF-knockout, RF-noise and the lattice tune. Single particle tracking results are presented, explained and compared to analytical results.
[1] M. Pullia, ‘‘Status Report on the Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO)'', 11th EPAC'08, Genoa, Itlay, June 2008, p. 982

THPS046

Transport Beam Lines for NICA Accelerator Complex

booster, collider, ion, quadrupole

3526

O.S. Kozlov, A.V. Eliseev, I.N. Meshkov, V.A. Mikhailov, A.O. Sidorin, N.D. Topilin, G.V. Trubnikov, A. Tuzikov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

In the last years Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) project is being developed by Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russia. The goal of the project is to construct new accelerator complex that will be used for colliding ion beams on first stage and colliding polarized proton/deuteron beams on second stage of the project. NICA accelerator complex will consist of two linear accelerators, two superconducting synchrotrons, two superconducting storage rings of the collider and transport beamlines. Geometry and magnetic system of NICA beamlines are presented in this report. Results of beam dynamics simulations within the beamlines are considered.

THPS076

Sub-mm Therapeutic Carbon-Ion Irradiation Port in Gunma University

ion, betatron, linac, synchrotron

3607

K. Torikai, T. Kanai, N.T. Nakano, H. Shimada, E. Takeshita, M. Tashiro, S. Yamada, K. Yusa
Gunma University, Heavy-Ion Medical Research Center, Maebashi-Gunma, Japan
K. Hanakawa, T. Honda, K. Yoshida
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Kobe, Japan

Funding: This Study was done by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI).
One of advantage of particle therapy is concentration of irradiation dose. In April 2011, we developed "in-body-focusing type" irradiation port for "Proof-of-Principle" . This sub-mm port produces 1mm(1σ) beam. we will explain this irradion port at the conference.

THPZ001

Spin Dynamic Tool Developments and Study Regarding the Super-B Project

closed-orbit, simulation, polarization, collider

3681

N. Monseu, J.-M. De Conto
LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
F. Méot
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
U. Wienands
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

The study of polarization is essential for e+/e^- colliders like the SuperB machine. The ZGOUBI integrator is a good and universal tool for particle tracking as well as spin tracking, and takes into account all machine realistic aspects, like real fields, non-linearities, fringing fields or misalignments. We present ZGOUBI implementation and the methods carried out to estimate invariant spin field and beam polarization evolution on some simple models (for validation) and on SuperB, and we investigate for some specific polarization behavior.

THPZ006

SuperKEKB Interaction Region Modeling

solenoid, multipole, quadrupole, focusing

3690

A. Morita, H. Koiso, Y. Ohnishi, K. Oide, Y. Sugimoto
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

In the SuperKEKB interaction region(IR) design, the beam-line intersects solenoid-axis with large angle and the superconducting final focusing quadrupole magnets are installed into each beam-lines without iron-shield. Because of these features, the emittance and dynamic aperture evaluation have to consider the solenoid fringe field and the leakage multipole field of another beam-line magnet, respectively. The IR lattice modeling and the magnetic field handling of both solenoid and multipole field would be reported in this article.

THPZ007

Lattice Design of Low Emittance and Low Beta Function at Collision Point for SuperKEKB

emittance, dipole, dynamic-aperture, luminosity

3693

Y. Ohnishi, H. Koiso, A. Morita, K. Oide, H. Sugimoto
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

Extremely low beta function at the interaction point(IP) and low emittance are necessary to achieve the design luminosity of 8x10³5 cm^-2 s^-1 for a SuperKEKB project. The low emittance with a large Piwinski angle makes this possible with longer bunch longitudinally compared with the vertical beta function at IP. We call this Nano-beam scheme. In this scheme, a beam-beam parameter is realized to be less than 0.09 for the design luminosity. The lattice features, chromaticity corrections, and dynamic aperture are discussed in this article.

THPZ014

LHeC Lattice Design

optics, dipole, insertion, electron

3714

M. Fitterer, O.S. Brüning, H. Burkhardt, B.J. Holzer, J.M. Jowett, K.H. Meß, T. Risselada
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Klein
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
A.-S. Müller
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany

The Large Hadron Electron Collider (LHeC) aims at lepton-proton and lepton-nucleus collisions with centre of mass energies of 1-2 TeV at ep luminosities in excess of 10³3 cm^-2 s^-1. We present here a lattice design for the electron ring option, which meets the design parameters and also the constraints imposed by the integration of the new electron ring in the LHC tunnel.

THPZ020

eRHIC Interaction Region Design

electron, ion, proton, interaction-region

3729

D. Trbojevic, J. Beebe-Wang, Y. Hao, D. Kayran, Y. Luo, V. Ptitsyn, N. Tsoupas
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
V. Litvinenko
Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA

Funding: *Work performed under a Contract Number DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the auspices of the US Department of Energy.
Interaction region design of the future electron ion collider at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (eRHIC) is presented. Polarized protons/Helium and heavy ions will collider with 5-30 GeV polarized electrons with a 10 mrad angle by using the crab cavity crossing. The interaction region is designed without bending electrons to avoid problems with synchrotron radiation. Use of the combined function magnet in the ion side allows detection of neutrons. Design allows detection of deep virtual scattering as well as detection of partons with lower energies (po/2.5). The betatron function at collisions is 5 cm assuming use of three dimensional electron beam cooling. Special chromaticity correction is applied in both sides of the ion straight section interaction region. Electrons arrive with avoiding completely synchrotron radiation at the detector. Special superconducting combined function magnet is designed to allow passage of electrons through the field free region.