ISSP/SRL, Chiba
JAEA/ERL, Ibaraki
KEK, Ibaraki
In ERLs, superconducting cavities accelerate low-emittance beams with high-gradient standing-wave RF fields. If alignment error of the cavities is considerable, they can harmfully affect the beam trajectory and quality because the cavities have strong transverse focusing. Achieving high alignment accuracy of the cavities is difficult compared with the other ERL elements such as magnets because the cavities are contained in cryomodules. Therefore we studied effects of the alignment error of main superconducting cavities with analytical approaches and simulations, using a one-loop model of the compact ERL as an example. In this paper, we present the effects of alignment error of main superconducting cavities on ERLs and their correction.
ISSP/SRL, Chiba
JAEA/ERL, Ibaraki
KEK, Ibaraki
In ERL-based light sources, higher accuracy is expected to be required for RF control and timing, because the ERL beam has much shorter bunch length (less than 100 fs at minimum) compared with that of the existing SR sources. We studied effects of RF amplitude and phase variation of main superconducting cavities and effects of timing jitter of beam injection from an injector, using a simulation code 'elegant'. In this paper, we present the simulation results and discuss tolerances for the RF amplitude and phase and the injection timing.
KEK, Ibaraki
A hybrid fill mode has been tested at the Photon Factory storage ring (PF-ring). The hybrid fill mode consists of a train of low-current bunches and a high-current single bunch. Since a bunch-by-bunch feedback system was not available because of the high contrast of currents between the bunch train and the single bunch, we suppressed multibunch instabilities in the transverse and longitudinal planes by using the octupole magnets and RF phase modulation, respectively. We also suppressed single-bunch instabilities by controlling ring chromaticity. As a result, we successfully stored a 450 mA current with the hybrid fill mode: 1/2 filling (2.56 mA/bunch × 156) + 1 single bunch opposite to the bunch train (50 mA/bunch). The distribution of vacuum pressures along the ring was similar for the hybrid fill and the typical single-bunch mode. In this conference, we will present the results of this test experiment as well as some future subjects to be solved for the user operation.
Nagoya University, Nagoya
UVSOR, Okazaki
KEK, Ibaraki
KURRI, Osaka
Sokendai - Okazaki, Okazaki, Aichi
Terahertz (THz) coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) is emitted not only from shorter electron bunches compared with the radiation wavelength but also from electron bunches withμstructures. Formation ofμstructures at sub picosecond scale in electron bunches by a laser slicing technique is experimentally studied through observation of THz CSR. The properties of the THz CSR such as intensity or spectrum depend strongly on the shape and amplitude of theμstructure created in the electron bunches. To study in detail the formation ofμstructure in electron bunches using the laser slicing technique, we have performed experiments at the UVSOR-II electron storage ring. THz CSR, which contains information on theμstructure, was observed under various laser conditions. The THz CSR spectrum was found to depend strongly on the intensity and the pulse width of the laser. The results agreed qualitatively with a numerical calculation. It was suggested that the evolution of theμstructure during CSR emission is important under some experimental conditions.
KEK, Ibaraki
Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Science, Higashi-Hiroshima
Tohoku University, School of Scinece, Sendai
Compact ERL (cERL) is a test accelerator to establish accelerator technologies for GeV-class synchrotron light source based on ERL (Energy Recovery Linac), and will be constructed in KEK. It consists of an injector with photo cathode 500 kV DC gun, a merger section, super conducting RF cavities for acceleration and energy recovery, return loops, and a beam dump. To operate and test the photo cathode gun before installing it in the cERL injector, Gun Test Facility is constructing in KEK, AR south experimental hall. The Gun Test Facility has two photo cathode guns, 200 kV gun developed by Nagoya University and new 500 kV gun which is being developed, laser system to be emitted electrons from photo cathode surface, beam transport lines, and a beam diagnostics system. The diagnostics system consists of a double slit emittance measurement system, beam position monitors, transverse profile monitors, and a deflecting cavity to measure the bunch length and the longitudinal profile. In this presentation, the progress in the construction of the Gun Test Facility and the beam dynamics simulation will be presented.
KEK, Ibaraki
UVSOR, Okazaki
JAEA/ERL, Ibaraki
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken
HU/AdSM, Higashi-Hiroshima
ISSP/SRL, Chiba
Yamaguchi University, Ube-Shi
Nagoya University, Nagoya
Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Science, Higashi-Hiroshima
Tohoku University, School of Scinece, Sendai
AIST, Tsukuba
Future synchrotron light source using a 5-GeV-class energy recovery linac (ERL) is under proposal by our Japanese collaboration team, and we are conducting active R&D efforts for that. We are developing super-brilliant DC photocathode guns, two types of cryomodules for both injector and main superconducting linacs, 1.3 GHz high CW-power rf sources, and other important components. We are also constructing a compact ERL for demonstrating the recirculation of low-emittance, high-current beams using those key components. We present our recent progress in this project.
KEK, Ibaraki
KEK manages two synchrotron radiation sources, Photon Factory storage ring (PF-ring) of 2.5 GeV and Photon Factory advanced ring (PF-AR) of 6.5 GeV. These rings share an injector linac with the two main rings of KEK B-factory, 8-GeV HER and 3.5-GeV LER. Recently, the linac has succeeded in a pulse by pulse multi-energy acceleration. A top-up operation of PF-ring has been realized as the simultaneous continuous injection to the 3 rings, PF-ring, HER and LER. Development of new injection scheme using a pulsed sextupole magnet continues aiming at practical use in the top-up operation. A rapid-polarization-switching device consisting of tandem two APPLE-II type undulators has been developed at PF-ring. The first undulator was installed in 2008, and the second one will be installed in 2010 summer. PF-AR, operated in a single-bunch mode at all times, has been suffered from sudden lifetime drop phenomena attributed to dust trapping for many years. Using the movable electrodes installed for experiment, we confirmed that the discharge created by the electrode was followed by the dust trapping, and succeeded in a visual observation of luminous dust streaking in front of CCD cameras.
KEK, Ibaraki
Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Science, Higashi-Hiroshima
The fast local bump system for the helicity switching of variably polarizing undulators has been developed at the Photon Factory ring. The system consists of two APPLE-II type variably polarizing undulators and five identical horizontal kicker magnets for local bump with four small corrector magnets to prevent the leakage of the bump. At present, one undulator and the local bump system with corrector magnets are installed. For beam test, the system was operated with frequency up to 50 Hz with feed forward correction. In this presentation, after brief description of the system configuration, the results of the test operation and fine tunings of the fast local bump system are shown.
KEK, Ibaraki
UVSOR, Okazaki
Nagoya University, Nagoya
KURRI, Osaka
Sokendai - Okazaki, Okazaki, Aichi
It was theoretically predicted that, when the electron pulse length comes into the femto-second range, transverse motion of the electrons is strongly coupled with the longitudinal one and makes significant effect on the pulse shape. In the experiments, a fine dip structure was created on the electron bunches circulating in a storage ring by a so-called laser bunch slicing technique and then the evolution of the structure was measured through the spectrum of the coherent synchrotron radiation. When the ring was operated in a low-alpha mode, the shape of the dip structure was oscillating with the transverse betatron frequency, which clearly indicates the existence of the longitudinal-transverse coupling effect. This understanding will be crucially important for generation and transportation of ultra-short electron bunches in light sources or colliders for high energy physics. In this presentation, the dependency of the CSR signal intensity on the wavelength of the THz CSR and the electron beam current are also reported.
WERC, Tsuruga , Fukui
We have operated the accelerator system which consists of a tandem accelerator and a synchrotron since the completion of the construction and beam commissioning at the Wakasa-wan Energy Research Center, Tsuruga, Japan in 2000. The acceleration voltage of the tandem accelerator amounts to 5 MV and is generated by the Dynamitron-type cascade voltage doubler rectifier. The beam from the tandem accelerator is transported to the MeV-ion experimental area for the irradiation to the industrial or biological material and for the ion beam analysis. The tandem beam is also injected to the 200 MeV proton synchrotron. The synchrotron beam has been used for the high energy irradiation and the cancer therapy. The tandem accelerator is used for a lot of purposes including cancer therapy, therefore, stable operation of the system and efficient sharing of the operation duration are required. Developments of the accelerator are presented putting a stress on the stable and efficient operation of the system in this paper.