Author: Spiller, P.J.
Paper Title Page
MOZLR08
 Heavy Ion Synchrotrons - Beam Dynamics Issues and Dynamic Vacuum Effects  
 
  • P.J. Spiller
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  Although to a certain extent also used to accelerate heavy ions, most of the existing synchrotrons have been designed and developed for Proton acceleration. There is only a quite small number of synchrotrons which have been optimized for heavy ion operation. In most cases such machines suffer from a missing powerful injector which enables the accumulation of intense heavy ion beams. Therefore, even those few heavy ion synchrotrons are often operated only with light ions and Protons. In general, the missing high injector current for heavy ion synchrotrons requires accumulation and stacking techniques, which make use of a large fraction of the machine acceptance and finally lead to beams with large emittances and filling factors. Such systematic issues and their technical and beam dynamics implications typical for heavy ion synchrotrons will be summarized and presented.  
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