FEL2011 - List of Keywords (feedback)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPB05	Smith-Purcell Radiation with Negative-index Material	radiation, electron, laser, free-electron-laser	20
	D. Li, K. Imasaki ILT, Suita, Osaka, Japan M.R. Asakawa Kansai University, Osaka, Japan M. Hangyo, K. Takano ILE Osaka, Suita, Japan S. Miyamoto LASTI, Hyogo, Japan Y. Tsunawaki OSU, Daito, Osaka, Japan Z. Yang UESTC, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
	Smith-Purcell radiation from an electric line charge that moves, at constant speed, parallel to a grating made of metamaterial with negative index is analyzed. Through theoretical analysis and computations, we show that the Smith-Purcell radiation is stronger from a grating of negative-index material, than positive-index material and perfect conductor. Also, we found the radiation strongly depends on the values of permeability and permittivity.

THPA10	RF Photo Gun Stability Measurement at PITZ	gun, laser, monitoring, cathode	485
	I.I. Isaev, G. Asova, H.-J. Grabosch, M. Groß, L. Hakobyan, Ye. Ivanisenko, G. Klemz, W. Köhler, M. Krasilnikov, M. Mahgoub, D. Malyutin, A. Oppelt, M. Otevřel, B. Petrosyan, S. Rimjaem, F. Stephan, G. Vashchenko, S. Weidinger, R.W. Wenndorff DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany M. Hoffmann, H. Schlarb DESY, Hamburg, Germany M.A. Khojoyan ANSL, Yerevan, Armenia D. Richter BESSY GmbH, Berlin, Germany A. Shapovalov MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
	High stability of the RF photo gun is one of the necessary conditions for the successful operation of linac based free electron lasers. Fluctuations of the RF launch phase have significant influence on the beam quality. Investigation on the dependence of different gun parameters and selection of optimal conditions are required to achieve high RF gun phase stability. Measurements of the gun RF phase stability are based on beam charge and momentum monitoring downstream of the gun. The stability of the RF gun phase for different operating conditions has been measured at the Photo Injector Test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ) and the results will be presented.

THPA12	Beam Energy Measurements in the FLASH Injector using Synchrotron Radiation and Bunch Arrival Monitors	electron, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, LLRF	489
	C. Gerth, M.K. Bock, M. Hoffmann, F. Ludwig, H. Schlarb, Ch. Schmidt DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The high beam energy stability required for stable operation of linac-driven free-electron lasers demands for precise cavity RF field regulation. This is in particular true for the accelerator modules at low beam energies which are used to induce an energy correlation on the electron beam for longitudinal bunch compression in magnetic chicanes. At FLASH, a major upgrade of the injector has taken place in the shutdown 2009/2010 including the installation of a 3rd harmonic accelerating module, exchange of modulators and re-cabling and temperature stabilization of the low-level RF electronics. Several beam-based techniques have been developed recently which can be used to monitor the beam energy with high precision or as fast feedbacks for the RF regulation. In this paper, we report on bunch-resolved energy measurements recorded independently with a synchrotron radiation monitor and two bunch arrival monitors. Good agreement between the monitors was found and the measurement data are compared with the results from RF detection.

THPA14	Upgrade of the Optical Synchronization System for FLASH II	laser, FEL, electron, LLRF	496
	M. Felber, M.K. Bock, M. Bousonville, P. Gessler, T. Lamb, S. Ruzin, H. Schlarb, B. Schmidt, S. Schulz DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The optical synchronization system at FLASH has been in operation since 2008. Due to continuous improvement and several upgrades it has become an integral part of the machine operation and of pump-probe experiments as both rely on its performance. In summer 2013, a second FEL section, called FLASH II, which is using the same accelerator as FLASH will start its operation to increase the number of user experiments and to test new seeding schemes. This also requires a major extension of the synchronization system since new clients have to be supplied with a 10 fs-stable timing signal. Six additional stabilized fiber links and the according end stations like bunch arrival time monitors and laser synchronization setups will be installed.

THPA26	Feedback Strategies for Bunch Arrival Time Stabilization at FLASH Towards 10 fs	controls, electron, laser, beam-loading	531
	Ch. Schmidt, M.K. Bock, W. Koprek, S. Pfeiffer, H. Schlarb DESY, Hamburg, Germany W. Jałmużna TUL-DMCS, Łódź, Poland
	Highly precise regulation of accelerator RF fields is a prerequisite for a stable and reproducible photon generation at Free Electron Lasers such as FLASH. Due to major improvements of the RF field controls during 2010 and 2011 the FEL performance and the beam stability was significantly improved. In order to facilitate femtosecond precision pump-probe and seeding experiments at FLASH a combination of RF and beam based feedback loops are used. In this paper, we present the achieved stabilization of the arrival time and the pulse compression at FLASH using intra-pulse train feedbacks. Current limitations and future steps toward sub-10fs rms jitter are discussed.

THPA32	Femtosecond Stable Laser-to-RF Phase Detection Using Optical Modulators	laser, controls, coupling, free-electron-laser	551
	T. Lamb, M.K. Bock, M. Bousonville, M. Felber, P. Gessler, F. Ludwig, S. Ruzin, H. Schlarb, B. Schmidt, S. Schulz DESY, Hamburg, Germany E. Janas Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems, Warsaw, Poland
	Free-Electron Lasers like FLASH and the European XFEL require the synchronization of RF stations to the optical timing reference of the accelerator. For this purpose, a new technique to phase-lock RF sources to an optical pulse train has been invented. The new technique uses an opto-microwave coupling device together with an ultra-low phase-noise RF source operating at a frequency of 1.3 GHz. In our arrangement, the laser-to-RF phase detector is insensitive to amplitude fluctuations of the optical reference pulse train, which allows the detector to achieve femtosecond precision over long time periods. In this paper, we present the balanced laser-to-RF phase detection principle along with a tolerance study of the arrangement and first results from our prototype setup.

THPB01	Optical Comb and Interferometer Development for Laser Synchronization in Femtosecond FELs	laser, FEL, controls, optics	561
	R.B. Wilcox, J.M. Byrd LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA R. Holzwarth Menlo Systems GmbH, Martinsried, Germany
	Funding: This work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 We describe a method of synchronizing lasers in FELs to potential sub-femtosecond precision using interferometry and optical clock techniques, and show supporting experimental results. This precision is needed for pump/probe experiments in ultrafast FELs. The proposed system consists of carrier/offset phase stabilized, pulsed lasers synchronized via a single optical frequency delivered over fiber, analogous to RF oscillators synchronized with a reference frequency, but at 200 to 400THz. Our tests of modelocked lasers, interferometers and stabilized CW lasers show that subsystems can perform to the required precision. We have synchronized fiber lasers to less than 10fs jitter using two different frequency comb line locking schemes, and demonstrated interferometers in a working FEL with less than 100as jitter over 150m fiber. Based on these tests and published work by others, we calculate the performance of an optimized, integrated timing system to be less than 1fs in the short term. Long term stability is maintained by feedback from X-ray/optical cross-correlation at the experiment.

FROA4	Response Matrix of Longitudinal Instrumentation in SwissFEL	laser, diagnostics, instrumentation, electron	652
	R. Ischebeck, B. Beutner, R. Kalt, P. Peier, S. Reiche, T. Schilcher, V. Schlott Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
	Several sources of jitter and drift affect the longitudinal phase space dynamics of SwissFEL. To evaluate how drifts can be identified and corrected through appropriate diagnostics and beam-based feedbacks, the response matrix of possible longitudinal diagnostics on laser and RF stability is modeled. To this intent, photocathode laser intensity, laser arrival time, RF phases and RF amplitudes are individually varied in an ELEGANT model, and the expected response of on-line diagnostics on the simulated bunches is evaluated. By comparing the slope of the response to the expected resolution of the instrumentation, suitable monitors can be selected for a feedback.
	Slides FROA4 [2.837 MB]

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPB05

Smith-Purcell Radiation with Negative-index Material

radiation, electron, laser, free-electron-laser

20

D. Li, K. Imasaki
ILT, Suita, Osaka, Japan
M.R. Asakawa
Kansai University, Osaka, Japan
M. Hangyo, K. Takano
ILE Osaka, Suita, Japan
S. Miyamoto
LASTI, Hyogo, Japan
Y. Tsunawaki
OSU, Daito, Osaka, Japan
Z. Yang
UESTC, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China

Smith-Purcell radiation from an electric line charge that moves, at constant speed, parallel to a grating made of metamaterial with negative index is analyzed. Through theoretical analysis and computations, we show that the Smith-Purcell radiation is stronger from a grating of negative-index material, than positive-index material and perfect conductor. Also, we found the radiation strongly depends on the values of permeability and permittivity.

THPA10

RF Photo Gun Stability Measurement at PITZ

gun, laser, monitoring, cathode

485

I.I. Isaev, G. Asova, H.-J. Grabosch, M. Groß, L. Hakobyan, Ye. Ivanisenko, G. Klemz, W. Köhler, M. Krasilnikov, M. Mahgoub, D. Malyutin, A. Oppelt, M. Otevřel, B. Petrosyan, S. Rimjaem, F. Stephan, G. Vashchenko, S. Weidinger, R.W. Wenndorff
DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany
M. Hoffmann, H. Schlarb
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
M.A. Khojoyan
ANSL, Yerevan, Armenia
D. Richter
BESSY GmbH, Berlin, Germany
A. Shapovalov
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia

High stability of the RF photo gun is one of the necessary conditions for the successful operation of linac based free electron lasers. Fluctuations of the RF launch phase have significant influence on the beam quality. Investigation on the dependence of different gun parameters and selection of optimal conditions are required to achieve high RF gun phase stability. Measurements of the gun RF phase stability are based on beam charge and momentum monitoring downstream of the gun. The stability of the RF gun phase for different operating conditions has been measured at the Photo Injector Test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ) and the results will be presented.

THPA12

Beam Energy Measurements in the FLASH Injector using Synchrotron Radiation and Bunch Arrival Monitors

electron, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, LLRF

489

C. Gerth, M.K. Bock, M. Hoffmann, F. Ludwig, H. Schlarb, Ch. Schmidt
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The high beam energy stability required for stable operation of linac-driven free-electron lasers demands for precise cavity RF field regulation. This is in particular true for the accelerator modules at low beam energies which are used to induce an energy correlation on the electron beam for longitudinal bunch compression in magnetic chicanes. At FLASH, a major upgrade of the injector has taken place in the shutdown 2009/2010 including the installation of a 3rd harmonic accelerating module, exchange of modulators and re-cabling and temperature stabilization of the low-level RF electronics. Several beam-based techniques have been developed recently which can be used to monitor the beam energy with high precision or as fast feedbacks for the RF regulation. In this paper, we report on bunch-resolved energy measurements recorded independently with a synchrotron radiation monitor and two bunch arrival monitors. Good agreement between the monitors was found and the measurement data are compared with the results from RF detection.

THPA14

Upgrade of the Optical Synchronization System for FLASH II

laser, FEL, electron, LLRF

496

M. Felber, M.K. Bock, M. Bousonville, P. Gessler, T. Lamb, S. Ruzin, H. Schlarb, B. Schmidt, S. Schulz
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The optical synchronization system at FLASH has been in operation since 2008. Due to continuous improvement and several upgrades it has become an integral part of the machine operation and of pump-probe experiments as both rely on its performance. In summer 2013, a second FEL section, called FLASH II, which is using the same accelerator as FLASH will start its operation to increase the number of user experiments and to test new seeding schemes. This also requires a major extension of the synchronization system since new clients have to be supplied with a 10 fs-stable timing signal. Six additional stabilized fiber links and the according end stations like bunch arrival time monitors and laser synchronization setups will be installed.

THPA26

Feedback Strategies for Bunch Arrival Time Stabilization at FLASH Towards 10 fs

controls, electron, laser, beam-loading

531

Ch. Schmidt, M.K. Bock, W. Koprek, S. Pfeiffer, H. Schlarb
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
W. Jałmużna
TUL-DMCS, Łódź, Poland

Highly precise regulation of accelerator RF fields is a prerequisite for a stable and reproducible photon generation at Free Electron Lasers such as FLASH. Due to major improvements of the RF field controls during 2010 and 2011 the FEL performance and the beam stability was significantly improved. In order to facilitate femtosecond precision pump-probe and seeding experiments at FLASH a combination of RF and beam based feedback loops are used. In this paper, we present the achieved stabilization of the arrival time and the pulse compression at FLASH using intra-pulse train feedbacks. Current limitations and future steps toward sub-10fs rms jitter are discussed.

THPA32

Femtosecond Stable Laser-to-RF Phase Detection Using Optical Modulators

laser, controls, coupling, free-electron-laser

551

T. Lamb, M.K. Bock, M. Bousonville, M. Felber, P. Gessler, F. Ludwig, S. Ruzin, H. Schlarb, B. Schmidt, S. Schulz
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
E. Janas
Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems, Warsaw, Poland

Free-Electron Lasers like FLASH and the European XFEL require the synchronization of RF stations to the optical timing reference of the accelerator. For this purpose, a new technique to phase-lock RF sources to an optical pulse train has been invented. The new technique uses an opto-microwave coupling device together with an ultra-low phase-noise RF source operating at a frequency of 1.3 GHz. In our arrangement, the laser-to-RF phase detector is insensitive to amplitude fluctuations of the optical reference pulse train, which allows the detector to achieve femtosecond precision over long time periods. In this paper, we present the balanced laser-to-RF phase detection principle along with a tolerance study of the arrangement and first results from our prototype setup.

THPB01

Optical Comb and Interferometer Development for Laser Synchronization in Femtosecond FELs

laser, FEL, controls, optics

561

R.B. Wilcox, J.M. Byrd
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
R. Holzwarth
Menlo Systems GmbH, Martinsried, Germany

Funding: This work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231
We describe a method of synchronizing lasers in FELs to potential sub-femtosecond precision using interferometry and optical clock techniques, and show supporting experimental results. This precision is needed for pump/probe experiments in ultrafast FELs. The proposed system consists of carrier/offset phase stabilized, pulsed lasers synchronized via a single optical frequency delivered over fiber, analogous to RF oscillators synchronized with a reference frequency, but at 200 to 400THz. Our tests of modelocked lasers, interferometers and stabilized CW lasers show that subsystems can perform to the required precision. We have synchronized fiber lasers to less than 10fs jitter using two different frequency comb line locking schemes, and demonstrated interferometers in a working FEL with less than 100as jitter over 150m fiber. Based on these tests and published work by others, we calculate the performance of an optimized, integrated timing system to be less than 1fs in the short term. Long term stability is maintained by feedback from X-ray/optical cross-correlation at the experiment.

FROA4

Response Matrix of Longitudinal Instrumentation in SwissFEL

laser, diagnostics, instrumentation, electron

652

R. Ischebeck, B. Beutner, R. Kalt, P. Peier, S. Reiche, T. Schilcher, V. Schlott
Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland

Several sources of jitter and drift affect the longitudinal phase space dynamics of SwissFEL. To evaluate how drifts can be identified and corrected through appropriate diagnostics and beam-based feedbacks, the response matrix of possible longitudinal diagnostics on laser and RF stability is modeled. To this intent, photocathode laser intensity, laser arrival time, RF phases and RF amplitudes are individually varied in an ELEGANT model, and the expected response of on-line diagnostics on the simulated bunches is evaluated. By comparing the slope of the response to the expected resolution of the instrumentation, suitable monitors can be selected for a feedback.

Slides FROA4 [2.837 MB]