ECRIS2010 - List of Authors (Lyneis, C.M.)

Paper

Title

Page

Status of the VENUS ECR Ion Source

11

D. Leitner, P. Ferracin, A. Hodgkinson, M. Leitner, T.J. Loew, C.M. Lyneis, G.L. Sabbi
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
G. Machicoane, E. Pozdeyev
NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

The fully superconducting 28-GHz VENUS ECR ion source serves as prototype injector for the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) project at Michigan State University (MSU) as well as injector ion source for the 88-Inch Cyclotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). As such the source has produced many record beams of high charge state as well as high-intensity, medium charge state ions. As the FRIB project has now entered the preliminary design phase, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is involved in the design of two new VENUS-like ECR injector ion sources for the FRIB facility. This paper will review the requirements for the FRIB injector, and present VENUS cryostat design changes which will allow installation on a 100 kV platform. In addition, a possible future upgrade path for the FRIB injector using an advanced Nb3Sn magnet structure is described. In 2008, at LBNL the VENUS ECR ion source experienced a major setback when one of the sextupole leads evaporated during a quench caused by a low liquid helium level in the cryostat. The repair process and the long reconstruction effort as well as the status of the reinstallation will be described.

Slides MOCOAK04 [4.180 MB]

TUPOT008

Performance of the LBNL AECR-U with a TWTA

133

J.Y. Benitez, D. Leitner, C.M. Lyneis
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
M.K. Covo
LLNL, Livermore, California, USA

The Advanced Electron Cyclotron Resonance - Upgrade ion source (AECR-U) at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has successfully utilized double frequency microwave heating (14.3 GHz and 10.4 GHz) for several years [1]. Recently a traveling wave tube amplifier (TWTA), providing frequencies in the range of 10.75GHz-12.75GHz, was added as a secondary heating frequency, replacing the previous 10.4 GHz Klystron. The TWTA opens the possibility to explore a wide range of secondary frequencies and a study has been conducted to understand and optimize its coupling into the AECR-U. In particular, the reflected power dependence on heating frequency has been mapped out with and without the presence of plasma. A comparison is made to determine how the presence of plasma, confinement fields, and other source parameters affect the reflected power and if and how the amount of reflected power can be correlated to the source ion beam performance.
[1] Z. Q. Xie and C. M. Lyneis, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66 (1995).

Poster TUPOT008 [0.213 MB]

TUPOT011

Measurement of the Diamagnetic Current on the LBNL 6.4 GHz ECR Ion Source

140

J.D. Noland, J.Y. Benitez, M. Kireeff Covo, D. Leitner, C.M. Lyneis
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
O.A. Tarvainen
JYFL, Jyväskylä, Finland
J. Verboncoeur
UCB, Berkeley, California, USA

Two standard plasma diagnostics (x-ray spectroscopy and measurement of the diamagnetic current) have been employed at the LBNL 6.4 GHz ECR. These diagnostics are combined with time resolved current measurements to study the plasma breakdown, build up and decay times, as well as electron heating. Individual charged particles in a magnetized plasma orbit in such a way that the magnetic field produced by their motion opposes any externally applied magnetic field. When a charged particle density gradient exists in a plasma, a net current arises. This “diamagnetic” current is proportional to the time-rate-of-change of the perpendicular component of the plasma pressure, and can be measured with a loop of wire as the plasma ignites or decays. Another common plasma diagnostic that is used to characterize an ECR plasma is measurement of the x-ray spectra created when energetic electrons scatter off of plasma ions. The x-ray spectra provide insight on the relative abundance of electrons of different energies, and thus the electron energy distribution function. The x-ray spectra can also be used to estimate the total x-ray power produced by the plasma. In this paper diamagnetic loop diagnostics and set-up is described in detail. In addition, diamagnetic loop and low energy x-ray measurements (few keV to 100 keV) taken on the LBNL 6.4 GHz ECR ion source are presented and discussed.

Poster TUPOT011 [1.522 MB]

WECOAK01

Characterization of the Microwave Coupling to the Plasma Chamber of the LBL ECR Ion Source.

162

C.M. Lyneis, J.Y. Benitez, D. Leitner, J.D. Noland, M.M. Strohmeier
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
H. A. Koivisto, O.A. Tarvainen
JYFL, Jyväskylä, Finland

The characteristics of the microwave coupling of the 6.4 GHz ECR ion source were measured as a function of frequency, input power and time dependence. In addition the plasma diamagnetism and bremsstrahlung could be measured to help quantify the time dependence of the plasma build up and energy content. The LBL ECR plasma chamber, which has a diameter to wavelength ratio of 1.9 is not as over-moded as the 14 GHz AECR-U, which has a ratio greater than 3. This makes it possible to locate frequencies, where a single RF mode is predominately excited. For one of these modes we were able to demonstrate that with no plasma in the cavity, it is over-coupled and as the power is increased, the plasma density rises and the plasma loading increases it becomes under-coupled. By measuring the ratio of the incident to reflected power it is possible to show the microwave electric field levels saturate with increasing power. In the paper, the time dependence of the plasma loading and plasma diamagnetism as a function of input power and time are analyzed. The measurements of the plasma loading also provide insight into the dynamics of microwave heating in a multimode cavity.

Slides WECOAK01 [1.593 MB]

Paper	Title	Page
MOCOAK04	Status of the VENUS ECR Ion Source	11
	D. Leitner, P. Ferracin, A. Hodgkinson, M. Leitner, T.J. Loew, C.M. Lyneis, G.L. Sabbi LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA G. Machicoane, E. Pozdeyev NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	The fully superconducting 28-GHz VENUS ECR ion source serves as prototype injector for the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) project at Michigan State University (MSU) as well as injector ion source for the 88-Inch Cyclotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). As such the source has produced many record beams of high charge state as well as high-intensity, medium charge state ions. As the FRIB project has now entered the preliminary design phase, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is involved in the design of two new VENUS-like ECR injector ion sources for the FRIB facility. This paper will review the requirements for the FRIB injector, and present VENUS cryostat design changes which will allow installation on a 100 kV platform. In addition, a possible future upgrade path for the FRIB injector using an advanced Nb3Sn magnet structure is described. In 2008, at LBNL the VENUS ECR ion source experienced a major setback when one of the sextupole leads evaporated during a quench caused by a low liquid helium level in the cryostat. The repair process and the long reconstruction effort as well as the status of the reinstallation will be described.
	Slides MOCOAK04 [4.180 MB]

TUPOT008	Performance of the LBNL AECR-U with a TWTA	133
	J.Y. Benitez, D. Leitner, C.M. Lyneis LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA M.K. Covo LLNL, Livermore, California, USA
	The Advanced Electron Cyclotron Resonance - Upgrade ion source (AECR-U) at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has successfully utilized double frequency microwave heating (14.3 GHz and 10.4 GHz) for several years [1]. Recently a traveling wave tube amplifier (TWTA), providing frequencies in the range of 10.75GHz-12.75GHz, was added as a secondary heating frequency, replacing the previous 10.4 GHz Klystron. The TWTA opens the possibility to explore a wide range of secondary frequencies and a study has been conducted to understand and optimize its coupling into the AECR-U. In particular, the reflected power dependence on heating frequency has been mapped out with and without the presence of plasma. A comparison is made to determine how the presence of plasma, confinement fields, and other source parameters affect the reflected power and if and how the amount of reflected power can be correlated to the source ion beam performance. [1] Z. Q. Xie and C. M. Lyneis, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66 (1995).
	Poster TUPOT008 [0.213 MB]

TUPOT011	Measurement of the Diamagnetic Current on the LBNL 6.4 GHz ECR Ion Source	140
	J.D. Noland, J.Y. Benitez, M. Kireeff Covo, D. Leitner, C.M. Lyneis LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA O.A. Tarvainen JYFL, Jyväskylä, Finland J. Verboncoeur UCB, Berkeley, California, USA
	Two standard plasma diagnostics (x-ray spectroscopy and measurement of the diamagnetic current) have been employed at the LBNL 6.4 GHz ECR. These diagnostics are combined with time resolved current measurements to study the plasma breakdown, build up and decay times, as well as electron heating. Individual charged particles in a magnetized plasma orbit in such a way that the magnetic field produced by their motion opposes any externally applied magnetic field. When a charged particle density gradient exists in a plasma, a net current arises. This “diamagnetic” current is proportional to the time-rate-of-change of the perpendicular component of the plasma pressure, and can be measured with a loop of wire as the plasma ignites or decays. Another common plasma diagnostic that is used to characterize an ECR plasma is measurement of the x-ray spectra created when energetic electrons scatter off of plasma ions. The x-ray spectra provide insight on the relative abundance of electrons of different energies, and thus the electron energy distribution function. The x-ray spectra can also be used to estimate the total x-ray power produced by the plasma. In this paper diamagnetic loop diagnostics and set-up is described in detail. In addition, diamagnetic loop and low energy x-ray measurements (few keV to 100 keV) taken on the LBNL 6.4 GHz ECR ion source are presented and discussed.
	Poster TUPOT011 [1.522 MB]

WECOAK01	Characterization of the Microwave Coupling to the Plasma Chamber of the LBL ECR Ion Source.	162
	C.M. Lyneis, J.Y. Benitez, D. Leitner, J.D. Noland, M.M. Strohmeier LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA H. A. Koivisto, O.A. Tarvainen JYFL, Jyväskylä, Finland
	The characteristics of the microwave coupling of the 6.4 GHz ECR ion source were measured as a function of frequency, input power and time dependence. In addition the plasma diamagnetism and bremsstrahlung could be measured to help quantify the time dependence of the plasma build up and energy content. The LBL ECR plasma chamber, which has a diameter to wavelength ratio of 1.9 is not as over-moded as the 14 GHz AECR-U, which has a ratio greater than 3. This makes it possible to locate frequencies, where a single RF mode is predominately excited. For one of these modes we were able to demonstrate that with no plasma in the cavity, it is over-coupled and as the power is increased, the plasma density rises and the plasma loading increases it becomes under-coupled. By measuring the ratio of the incident to reflected power it is possible to show the microwave electric field levels saturate with increasing power. In the paper, the time dependence of the plasma loading and plasma diamagnetism as a function of input power and time are analyzed. The measurements of the plasma loading also provide insight into the dynamics of microwave heating in a multimode cavity.
	Slides WECOAK01 [1.593 MB]