ECRIS2010 - List of Authors (Kitagawa, A.)

Paper

Title

Page

Status of Ion Sources at HIMAC

20

A. Kitagawa, M. Muramatsu, Y. Sakamoto
NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
S. Biri
ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
A.G. Drentje
KVI, Groningen, The Netherlands
T.F. Fujita
National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
T. Sakuma, N. Sasaki, T. Sasano, W. Takasugi
AEC, Chiba, Japan

Since 1994, heavy-ion radiotherapy using carbon ions is successfully carried out with the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC) at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS). Over 5000 cancer patients have already been treated with 140-400 MeV/u carbon beams. These clinical results have clearly verified the advantages of carbon ion. The ion source needs to realize a stable beam with the same conditions for daily operation. Maintenance is restricted to once per year. However, the deposition of carbon on the wall of the plasma chamber is normally unavoidable. This causes an ‘anti-wall-coating effect’, i.e. a decreasing of the beam (typically 50 % after a few months of operation), especially for the higher charge-state ions due to the surface material of the wall. The ion source has - even in this bad condition – still to produce a sufficiently intense and stable beam. We summarize our experience during 16 years of operation and show the scope for further developments. HIMAC is dedicated to radiotherapy, but it has as a second essential task to operate as a facility for physicist users. In that scope it accelerates many ion species for basic experiments. In order to serve all HIMAC users at best, the extension of the range of ion species is an important subject in ion source development. For example, in order to increase the ECRIS-beam intensity for heavier ions, microwave is applied at different frequencies by a traveling wave tube amplifier and….?

Slides MOCOBK03 [2.780 MB]

MOPOT001

Operation of KeiGM for the Carbon Ion Therapy Facility at Gunma University

40

M. Muramatsu, S. Hojo, A. Kitagawa
NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
Y. Kijima
Mitsubishi Electric Corp., Energy & Public Infrastructure Systems Center, Kobe, Japan
H. Miyazaki, K. Sawada, T. Ueno
SHI, Ehime, Japan
K. Torikai, S. Yamada
Gunma University, Heavy-Ion Medical Research Center, Maebashi-Gunma, Japan
M. Tsuchiyama, S. Ueda
Mitsubishi Electric Corp., Energy Systems Centre, Kobe, Japan

Carbon-ion radiotherapy has been carried out at Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Centre (GHMC) since March 2010. A compact ECR ion source for GHMC, so-called KeiGM, supplies C⁴⁺ ions for treatment. A microwave source with the traveling-wave-tube was adopted for KeiGM, with a frequency range and maximum power of 9.75 - 10.25 GHz and 750 W, respectively. KeiGM was operated from March to May 2010 for the clinical trial without any trouble and maintenance. KeiGM supplied the carbon ions from 7:30 in the morning to 0:00 midnight on weekdays. Sometimes it was operated for the beam tuning of accelerator on Saturday and Sunday too. The operation time of KeiGM for two months was about 780 hours. Although the beam intensity decreased by 20% at first, it has been constant for the last two months. The beam intensity of C⁴⁺ was 200 euA at 30 kV extraction in May 2010. The fluctuation of beam intensity was less than 10%. The operation parameters were as follows; the microwave frequency and power were 10.042 GHz and 300 W, respectively. CH4 gas was fed, and the gas flowrate was 0.054 cc/min. The extraction voltage was 30 kV. The repetition frequency and pulse width were 0.36 Hz and 50 msec, respectively. Gunma University has successfully treated the first 12 patients for the clinical trial, thus the Japanese Ministry of Health and Labor Welfare approved GHMC as “advanced medicine”. We will report the operation of KeiGM and the status of their daily treatment.

Poster MOPOT001 [2.685 MB]

MOPOT002

Two-Chamber Configuration of the Bio-Nano ECRIS

43

T. Uchida, H. Minezaki, Y. Yoshida
Toyo University, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama, Japan
T. Asaji, K. Tanaka
Tateyama Machine Co. Ltd., Toyama-shi, Japan
S. Biri, R. Rácz
ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
Y. Kato
Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka, Japan
A. Kitagawa, M. Muramatsu
NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan

The Bio-Nano ECRIS was designed for new materials production on nano-scale [1]. Our main target is the endohedral fullerene, which have potential in medical care, biotechnology and nanotechnology. In particular, iron-encapsulated fullerene can be applied as a contrast material for magnetic resonance imaging or microwave heat therapy. There are several promising approaches to produce the endohedral fullerenes using an ECRIS. One of them is the ion-ion collision reaction of fullerenes and aliens ions to be encapsulated in the mixture plasma of them. Another way is the shooting of ion beam into a pre-prepared fullerene layer. In this study, the new device configuration of the Bio-Nano ECRIS is reported which allows the application of both methods. The plasma chamber is divided into two chambers by installing mesh electrodes. In the gas injection-side 1st chamber at 2.45 GHz plasmas (N₂, Ar, He, Fe,) are produced on the usual way. These ions then are extracted to the 2nd chamber where an evaporation boat for fullerene is installed. The fullerene neutrals can be ionized (using 10 GHz in the 2nd chamber) and are deposited on a large plasma electrode where they are continuously irradiated by the ions from the 1st chamber. The ions produced either in the 1st or 2nd chamber can be in-situ extracted and analyzed. The basic concept and the preliminary results using Ar gas and N₂ gas plasmas will be presented.
[1] T. Uchida et al., Proc. ECRIS08, Chicago, USA, pp. 27-31 (2008)

Poster MOPOT002 [6.248 MB]

Paper	Title	Page
MOCOBK03	Status of Ion Sources at HIMAC	20
	A. Kitagawa, M. Muramatsu, Y. Sakamoto NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan S. Biri ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary A.G. Drentje KVI, Groningen, The Netherlands T.F. Fujita National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan T. Sakuma, N. Sasaki, T. Sasano, W. Takasugi AEC, Chiba, Japan
	Since 1994, heavy-ion radiotherapy using carbon ions is successfully carried out with the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC) at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS). Over 5000 cancer patients have already been treated with 140-400 MeV/u carbon beams. These clinical results have clearly verified the advantages of carbon ion. The ion source needs to realize a stable beam with the same conditions for daily operation. Maintenance is restricted to once per year. However, the deposition of carbon on the wall of the plasma chamber is normally unavoidable. This causes an ‘anti-wall-coating effect’, i.e. a decreasing of the beam (typically 50 % after a few months of operation), especially for the higher charge-state ions due to the surface material of the wall. The ion source has - even in this bad condition – still to produce a sufficiently intense and stable beam. We summarize our experience during 16 years of operation and show the scope for further developments. HIMAC is dedicated to radiotherapy, but it has as a second essential task to operate as a facility for physicist users. In that scope it accelerates many ion species for basic experiments. In order to serve all HIMAC users at best, the extension of the range of ion species is an important subject in ion source development. For example, in order to increase the ECRIS-beam intensity for heavier ions, microwave is applied at different frequencies by a traveling wave tube amplifier and….?
	Slides MOCOBK03 [2.780 MB]

MOPOT001	Operation of KeiGM for the Carbon Ion Therapy Facility at Gunma University	40
	M. Muramatsu, S. Hojo, A. Kitagawa NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan Y. Kijima Mitsubishi Electric Corp., Energy & Public Infrastructure Systems Center, Kobe, Japan H. Miyazaki, K. Sawada, T. Ueno SHI, Ehime, Japan K. Torikai, S. Yamada Gunma University, Heavy-Ion Medical Research Center, Maebashi-Gunma, Japan M. Tsuchiyama, S. Ueda Mitsubishi Electric Corp., Energy Systems Centre, Kobe, Japan
	Carbon-ion radiotherapy has been carried out at Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Centre (GHMC) since March 2010. A compact ECR ion source for GHMC, so-called KeiGM, supplies C⁴⁺ ions for treatment. A microwave source with the traveling-wave-tube was adopted for KeiGM, with a frequency range and maximum power of 9.75 - 10.25 GHz and 750 W, respectively. KeiGM was operated from March to May 2010 for the clinical trial without any trouble and maintenance. KeiGM supplied the carbon ions from 7:30 in the morning to 0:00 midnight on weekdays. Sometimes it was operated for the beam tuning of accelerator on Saturday and Sunday too. The operation time of KeiGM for two months was about 780 hours. Although the beam intensity decreased by 20% at first, it has been constant for the last two months. The beam intensity of C⁴⁺ was 200 euA at 30 kV extraction in May 2010. The fluctuation of beam intensity was less than 10%. The operation parameters were as follows; the microwave frequency and power were 10.042 GHz and 300 W, respectively. CH4 gas was fed, and the gas flowrate was 0.054 cc/min. The extraction voltage was 30 kV. The repetition frequency and pulse width were 0.36 Hz and 50 msec, respectively. Gunma University has successfully treated the first 12 patients for the clinical trial, thus the Japanese Ministry of Health and Labor Welfare approved GHMC as “advanced medicine”. We will report the operation of KeiGM and the status of their daily treatment.
	Poster MOPOT001 [2.685 MB]

MOPOT002	Two-Chamber Configuration of the Bio-Nano ECRIS	43
	T. Uchida, H. Minezaki, Y. Yoshida Toyo University, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama, Japan T. Asaji, K. Tanaka Tateyama Machine Co. Ltd., Toyama-shi, Japan S. Biri, R. Rácz ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary Y. Kato Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka, Japan A. Kitagawa, M. Muramatsu NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
	The Bio-Nano ECRIS was designed for new materials production on nano-scale [1]. Our main target is the endohedral fullerene, which have potential in medical care, biotechnology and nanotechnology. In particular, iron-encapsulated fullerene can be applied as a contrast material for magnetic resonance imaging or microwave heat therapy. There are several promising approaches to produce the endohedral fullerenes using an ECRIS. One of them is the ion-ion collision reaction of fullerenes and aliens ions to be encapsulated in the mixture plasma of them. Another way is the shooting of ion beam into a pre-prepared fullerene layer. In this study, the new device configuration of the Bio-Nano ECRIS is reported which allows the application of both methods. The plasma chamber is divided into two chambers by installing mesh electrodes. In the gas injection-side 1st chamber at 2.45 GHz plasmas (N₂, Ar, He, Fe,) are produced on the usual way. These ions then are extracted to the 2nd chamber where an evaporation boat for fullerene is installed. The fullerene neutrals can be ionized (using 10 GHz in the 2nd chamber) and are deposited on a large plasma electrode where they are continuously irradiated by the ions from the 1st chamber. The ions produced either in the 1st or 2nd chamber can be in-situ extracted and analyzed. The basic concept and the preliminary results using Ar gas and N₂ gas plasmas will be presented. [1] T. Uchida et al., Proc. ECRIS08, Chicago, USA, pp. 27-31 (2008)
	Poster MOPOT002 [6.248 MB]