| Paper |
Title |
Page |
| MOPLT012 |
Collimation in the Transfer Lines to the LHC
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554 |
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- H. Burkhardt, B. Goddard, Y. Kadi, V. Kain, W.J.M. Weterings
CERN, Geneva
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The intensities foreseen for injection into the LHC are over an order of magnitude above the expected damage levels. The TI 2 and TI 8 transfer lines between the SPS and LHC are each about 2.5 km long and comprise many magnet families. Despite planned power supply surveillance and interlocks, failure modes exist which could result in uncontrolled beam loss and serious transfer line or LHC equipment damage. We describe the collimation system in the transfer lines that has been designed to provide passive protection against damage at injection. Results of simulations to develop a conceptual design are presented. The optical and physical installation constraints are described, and the resulting element locations and expected system performance presented, in terms of the phase space coverage, local element temperature rises and the characteristics of the beam transmitted into the LHC.
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| TUPLT011 |
The LHC Lead Ion Injector Chain
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1153 |
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- K. Schindl, A. Beuret, A. Blas, J. Borburgh, H. Burkhardt, C. Carli, M. Chanel, T. Fowler, M. Gourber-Pace, S. Hancock, C.E. Hill, M. Hourican, J.M. Jowett, K. Kahle, D. Kuchler, A.M. Lombardi, E. Mahner, D. Manglunki, M. Martini, S. Maury, F. Pedersen, U. Raich, C. Rossi, J.-P. Royer, R. Scrivens, L. Sermeus, E.N. Shaposhnikova, G. Tranquille, M. Vretenar, T. Zickler
CERN, Geneva
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A sizeable part of the LHC physics programme foresees heavy ion (lead-lead) collisions with a design luminosity of 1027 cm-2 s-1. This will be achieved after an upgrade of the ion injector chain comprising Linac3, LEIR, PS and SPS machines. Each LHC ring will be filled in ~10 minutes with ~600 bunches, each of 7 107 Pb ions. Central to the scheme is the Low Energy Ion Ring (LEIR), which transforms long pulses from Linac3 to high-brilliance bunches by means of 6D multi-turn injection and accumulation via electron cooling. Major limitations along the chain, including space charge, intra-beam scattering, vacuum issues, and emittance preservation are highlighted. The conversion from LEAR (Low Energy Antiproton Ring) to LEIR includes new magnets and power converters, high-current electron cooling, broad-band RF cavities, upgraded beam diagnostics, and UHV vacuum equipment relying on beam scrubbing to achieve a few 10-12 mbar. Major hardware changes in Linac3 (Electron Cyclotron Resonance source, repetition rate, energy ramping cavity), PS (new injection hardware, elaborate RF gymnastics, stripping insertion), and SPS (100 MHz system) are described. An early beam scenario, using fewer bunches but the same bunch intensity to deliver a lower luminosity, reduces the work required for LHC ion operation in spring 2008.
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| WEPLT013 |
Investigation of Space Charge Effects and Intrabeam Scattering for Lead Ions in the SPS
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1843 |
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- H. Burkhardt, D. Manglunki, M. Martini, F. Roncarolo
CERN, Geneva
- G. Rumolo
GSI, Darmstadt
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Space charge effects and intrabeam scattering usually play a minor role in high energy machines like the SPS. They can potentially become a limitation for the heavy ion beams needed for the LHC at the injection plateau in the SPS. Experimental studies on space charge limitations performed on low energy proton beams in the SPS will be described. Theoretical studies have been performed to predict emittance growth times due to intrabeam scattering using several different codes.
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