Paper |
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MOPO039 |
B-train Performances at CNAO |
568 |
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- M. Pezzetta, G. Bazzano, E. Bressi, L. Falbo, C. Priano, M. Pullia
CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy
- O. Coiro, G. Franzini, D. Pellegrini, M. Serio, A. Stella
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
- G. Venchi
University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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The commissioning of CNAO, the Italian Centre of Oncological Hadrontherapy, with proton beams is completed. The real-time measurement of the synchrotron dipole field with the so-called B-train, together with its electronic systems and related software and firmware are here described. An additional magnet, powered in series with the synchrotron dipoles, is equipped with a special coil that measures the field integral variation along the beam nominal path. The voltage induced in the coil is digitized with a fast ADC and numerically integrated by an FPGA. The field integral is then distributed to the users every time that the equivalent field changes by 0.1 G. The measured B field ranges from 0 to 1.6 T with maximum ramps of 3 T/s. The B-train system will be used to provide feedback in field to the dipole power supply. It will handle the limited bandwidth of the active filter, the B-field lag in the magnets and will avoid current jumps.
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WEPS006 |
CNAO RF System: Hardware Description. |
2493 |
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- L. Falbo, G. Burato
CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy
- M.M. Paoluzzi, G. Primadei
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
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CNAO is the Italian National Center of Oncological Hadrontherapy in Pavia. Proton beams are accelerated in the synchrotron and extracted in the energy range 60 to 250 MeV/u and carbon ion beams in the energy range 120 to 400 MeV/u. Trapping at the injection energy of 7 MeV/u and acceleration up to the extraction energy are done by an RF cavity which covers the needed wide range of frequency (0.4 to 3 MHz) and voltage (25 V to 5 kV) thanks to the use of a Vitrovac amorphous alloy. RF Gymnastics, including phase jumps to increase the momentum spread and empty bucket channelling, is requested and has been performed. A description of the hardware characteristics of the CNAO RF system and of its performance in terms of dynamic and static behaviour are reported in this paper.
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WEPS007 |
CNAO Synchrotron Commissioning |
2496 |
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- C. Priano, G. Balbinot, G. Bazzano, J. Bosser, E. Bressi, M. Caldara, H. Caracciolo, L. Falbo, A. Parravicini, M. Pullia, C. Viviani
CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy
- C. Biscari, A. Ghigo
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
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The CNAO (National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy), located in Pavia, is the first Italian center for deep hadrontherapy with proton and carbon ion beams. The CNAO synchrotron initial commissioning has been carried out using proton beams in the full range of energies: 60 to 250 MeV/u. The first foreseen treatments will need energies between 120 and 170 MeV/u. The nominal proton currents have been reached. The energy scaling of the synchrotron systems and parameters leads to an extracted energy that matches the measured particle range better than 0.1 mm, fitting the treatment requirements, with repeatable beam size and beam current in the treatment room at all investigated energies. A summary of the main results of the synchrotron commissioning is presented.
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